Front shield site assembly system and method for super-large diameter shield machine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine equipment. A front shield on-site assembly system for an extra-large diameter shield machine, which is used for the alignment and assembly of shield segments, includes a launching pad, an adjustment unit, an anti-torsion unit, and a top block matching unit. A plurality of guide rails and a plurality of welding channels are arranged on the launching pad, and the circle formed by the upper surfaces of the plurality of guide rails is concentric with the outer peripheral surface of the shield body; a plurality of groups of adjustment units are arranged on the launching pad, and the adjustment unit is used to adjust the height of the shield segments; the anti-torsion unit is arranged at the end or / and side of each shield segment, and the anti-torsion unit is used to limit the left and right torsion of the shield segments; the top block matching unit is used to apply pressure to the top shield segment finally assembled at the top to complete the pressing and alignment. The present application also discloses a method for on-site assembly of the front shield in an extra-large diameter shield machine. The structure of the present application is reasonably designed, which can improve the assembly efficiency, reduce the construction risk, and ensure the positioning accuracy and sealing performance of the assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine equipment, and particularly relates to a front shield on-site assembly system and method for an extra-large diameter shield machine. Background Art

[0002] The shield body of an extra-large shield machine generally consists of multiple segments of the front shield and the tail shield. After each segment is transported to the construction site, they are assembled and welded to form a complete shield body. The main components of the main machine of an extra-large shield machine are all installed on the front shield. The front shield is generally divided into 6 - 10 segments, and each segment weighs about 120 - 180T. When assembling each segment on the construction site, hoisting, positioning, and adjustment are difficult. There are often problems such as deviation from the tunnel axis, unqualified sealing between segments making it difficult for the shield body to bear pressure, and misalignment between segments making it difficult to install other components. This is related to the assembly quality of the entire shield machine. The on-site assembly technology of the front shield is one of the key technical problems in the on-site assembly of equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems and deficiencies, and provide a front shield on-site assembly system and method for an extra-large diameter shield machine. Its structural design is reasonable, which can improve the assembly efficiency, reduce the construction risk, and ensure the positioning accuracy and sealing performance of the assembly.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] An on-site assembly system for the front shield of an extra-large diameter shield machine, used for the alignment and assembly of shield body segments, includes:

[0006] A launching pad, on which multiple guide rails and multiple welding channels are arranged. The circle formed by the upper surfaces of the multiple guide rails is concentric with the outer peripheral surface of the shield body;

[0007] An adjustment unit, multiple groups of which are arranged on the launching pad. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the height of the shield body segment;

[0008] An anti-torsion unit, which is arranged at the end and / or side of each shield body segment. The anti-torsion unit is used to limit the torsion of the shield body segment; and

[0009] A top block matching unit, which is used to apply pressure to the top shield body segment assembled last at the top to complete the pressing and alignment.

[0010] According to the on-site assembly system for the front shield of the present invention for an extra-large diameter shield machine, preferably, the launching pad is a reinforced concrete casting platform, the guide rails are pre-embedded and cast in the launching pad, and placing cavities corresponding to the adjustment unit are reserved on the launching pad.

[0011] According to the front shield site assembly system of the super-large diameter shield machine of the present invention, preferably, the adjustment unit includes a leveling hydraulic cylinder and a control module, and the control module controls multiple groups of the adjustment units to act synchronously or individually.

[0012] According to the front shield site assembly system of the super-large diameter shield machine of the present invention, preferably, the anti-torsion unit includes a retaining support plate welded to the bottom of both sides of the shield segment and a retaining block welded to the guide rail at both ends of the shield segment.

[0013] According to the front shield site assembly system of the super-large diameter shield machine of the present invention, preferably, the top block assembly unit includes two support frames and a pressing power push rod arranged on the support frames, and the two support frames are respectively arranged on two shield segments adjacent to the top shield segment.

[0014] A method for assembling the front shield of a super-large diameter shield machine at the construction site, using the above-mentioned front shield site assembly system of the super-large diameter shield machine to assemble the middle and front shields, specifically including the following steps:

[0015] a. Build a launching pad according to the construction tunnel axis, the starting position, and the size of the shield machine, and ensure that the center line of the shield machine after assembly is consistent with the construction tunnel axis;

[0016] b. Align and configure the adjustment unit on the launching pad, lift the bottom shield segment at the bottom through a lifting device, place it on the guide rail, and adjust the attitude;

[0017] c. Set the anti-torsion unit on the side and end of the bottom shield segment so that the bottom shield segment is fixed relative to the launching pad;

[0018] d. Lift the side shield segments on both sides of the bottom shield segment, and the side shield segments are assembled in a left-right cyclic order in turn, and set the anti-torsion unit between at least some of the side shield segments and the launching pad;

[0019] e. Lift the top shield segment, and before the top shield segment fits with the side shield segment, configure the top block assembly unit, slowly lower it through the lifting device, and press the top shield segment downward through the top block assembly unit to complete the pressing and alignment;

[0020] f. Tighten the connecting bolts between the shield segments.

[0021] According to the method for assembling the front shield of a super-large diameter shield machine at the construction site of the present invention, preferably, in step b, mark the position of the cross center vertical line, the installation position, and the front and rear center vertical lines of the bottom shield segment on the launching pad; after assembly, ensure that the center vertical line of the bottom shield segment is consistent with the cross center vertical line; and the distance between the cutting ring of the bottom shield segment and the starting well structure meets the installation requirements for the cutter head to enter the well.

[0022] According to the method for on-site assembly of the front shield of an extra-large diameter shield machine of the present invention, preferably, in step c, the gap between the anti-torsion units on both sides of the bottom shield block and the launching pad is 5 mm to 15 mm.

[0023] According to the method for on-site assembly of the front shield of an extra-large diameter shield machine of the present invention, preferably, in step e, after the top block assembly unit is pressed in place, positioning pins are inserted between the shield blocks.

[0024] According to the method for on-site assembly of the front shield of an extra-large diameter shield machine of the present invention, preferably, it further includes a sealing process; an entire-circle seal is installed on the contact surface between two adjacent shield blocks, and the entire-circle seal is formed by bonding multiple sealing strips. The interfaces of two adjacent sealing strips are all bevel cuts and are bonded in an upper and lower overlapping manner.

[0025] The beneficial effects obtained by adopting the above technical solutions are:

[0026] This application solves the problems faced by the on-site assembly of current extra-large diameter shield machines, such as low positioning accuracy, difficult docking between blocks, unqualified shield body sealing, low installation efficiency, and high safety risks. It can realize the smooth installation of the front shield in a shield machine with a diameter of φ≥10 m, which is both safe and economical, and has a good application effect.

[0027] Through the structural design and functional division of the launching pad in this application, it can play the functions of support, movement, leveling, and anti-torsion during the assembly process, providing a good foundation for the assembly of the entire shield body, ensuring the stability of the entire assembly structure, and also making the efficiency of the entire construction process higher, and the assembly accuracy and construction safety can be guaranteed.

[0028] The structural design of the anti-torsion unit in this application can ensure the stability during the assembly process, avoid the torsion and offset of the bottom shield block when assembling the side shield blocks, ensure the overall stability, and enable the assembly process to be effectively guaranteed. This application also designs the assembly process of assembling from left to right in sequence to avoid risks such as overturning caused by the center of gravity offset caused by continuous installation on one side.

[0029] The structural design of the top block assembly unit in this application can achieve the alignment and installation of the top shield block during the assembly process, reduce the assembly difficulty, improve the assembly efficiency, and ensure the precise alignment between each shield block, avoiding the problem that the top shield block cannot be effectively inserted.

[0030] This application also realizes the sealing of the shield body through the entire-circle seal, ensuring the sealing performance of the shield body. The entire assembly system and assembly method in this application can solve the problem of insufficient assembly quality of existing shield machines, overcome the problems of large assembly difficulty and low assembly efficiency existing at the present stage, and make the design and assembly of the shield machine unified. Description of the Drawings

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Among them, the accompanying drawings are only used to show some embodiments of the present invention, rather than limiting all embodiments of the present invention thereto.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view structure diagram of a starting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic longitudinal sectional structure diagram of a starting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic transverse sectional structure diagram of a starting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is one of the schematic structure diagrams of an adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 It is another schematic structure diagram of an adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 It is still another schematic structure diagram of an adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 It is one of the schematic structure diagrams of an anti-torsion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 It is another schematic structure diagram of an anti-torsion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 It is one of the schematic structure diagrams of a top block assembly unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 It is another schematic structure diagram of a top block assembly unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 It is a schematic structure diagram of a full-circle seal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 12 For Figure 11 the enlarged structure diagram of part I in

[0044] Figure 13 For Figure 12 the structure diagram in the A-A direction of

[0045] Figure 14 For Figure 11 the enlarged structure diagram of part II in

[0046] Figure 15 is Figure 14 the schematic structural view in the B-B direction of

[0047] Figure 16 is Figure 11 the enlarged structural view of part III in

[0048] Figure 17 is Figure 16 the schematic structural view in the C-C direction of

[0049] Figure 18 is Figure 11 the enlarged structural view of part IV in

[0050] Figure 19 is Figure 18 the schematic structural view in the D-D direction of

[0051] Numbers in the figure:

[0052] 101 is the starting platform, 102 is the welding channel, 103 is the guide rail, 104 is the placement cavity;

[0053] 201 is the leveling hydraulic cylinder;

[0054] 301 is the retaining plate;

[0055] 401 is the support frame, 402 is the pressure application power push rod;

[0056] 501 is the bottom shield segment, 502 is the top shield segment, 503 is the side shield segment, 504 is the middle front shield, 505 is the tail shield, 506 is the cutting ring;

[0057] 601 is the sealing strip;

[0058] 701 is the central vertical line of the bottom shield segment. Specific embodiments

[0059] In the following, with reference to the drawings of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the exemplary solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the expressions "first" and "second" are used to describe the various elements of the present invention, and do not represent any limitation of order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish one component from another.

[0061] It should be noted that when an element is described as "connected", "coupled" or "joined" to another element, it may mean a direct connection, coupling or joining, but it should be understood that there may be intermediate elements between them; that is, it covers both direct and indirect connection positional relationships.

[0062] It should be noted that the use of words such as "a" or "an" does not necessarily imply a limitation in quantity. Words such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or item preceding the word encompasses the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items.

[0063] It should be noted that terms indicating orientation or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative positional relationships. They are for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than meaning that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0064] See Figures 1 - 19 , this application discloses a front shield construction site assembly system in an extra-large diameter shield machine, which is used for the alignment and assembly of shield segments. It includes a launching pad 101, an adjustment unit, an anti-torsion unit, and a top block matching unit. On the launching pad 101, multiple guide rails 103 and multiple welding channels 102 are arranged. The circle formed by the upper surfaces of the multiple guide rails 103 is concentric with the outer peripheral surface of the shield body; multiple groups of adjustment units are arranged on the launching pad 101, and the adjustment unit is used to adjust the height of the shield segments; the anti-torsion unit is arranged at the end or / and side of each shield segment, and the anti-torsion unit is used to limit the torsion of the shield segments; the top block matching unit is used to apply pressure to the top shield segment 502 that is finally assembled at the top to complete the compression and alignment.

[0065] The launching pad 101 is a reinforced concrete casting platform, generally cast with C30 or C35 reinforced concrete, with the bearing capacity for the weight of the shield main machine. During casting, steel rails are embedded as the contact stress points for the shield segments and the sliding guide rails during the initial launch of the shield forward. The guide rails meet the requirements of load-bearing and shield sliding. The guide rails 103 are embedded and cast in the launching pad 101. To ensure the longitudinal seam welding between the bottom shield segment of the front shield in the shield machine and several adjacent side shield segments, the launching pad needs to be designed with longitudinal and circumferential welding channels ≥1000 mm wide; and in order to carry out adjustments, docking, positioning, etc. between the shield segments, it is also necessary to reserve the installation positions for 4 leveling hydraulic cylinders, that is, placement cavities 104 corresponding to the adjustment units are reserved on the launching pad 101. As Figures 1 - 6 shown.

[0066] The adjustment unit in this embodiment includes a leveling hydraulic cylinder 201 and a control module. The control module controls the synchronous or individual actions of multiple adjustment units, and can also group-control multiple leveling hydraulic cylinders.

[0067] The anti-torsion unit in this embodiment includes a retaining plate 301 welded to the bottoms of both sides of the shield segments and a stopper welded to the guide rails at both ends of the shield segments, mainly for providing stable support between the bottom shield segments and the side shield segments where the retaining plates can be directly arranged in the vertical direction with the launching pad, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown.

[0068] The top block assembly unit in this embodiment includes two support frames 401 and a pressing power push rod 402 arranged on the support frames 401. The two support frames 401 are respectively arranged on two shield segments adjacent to the top shield segment. When the top shield segment is hoisted and the height difference of the contact seams with the left and right adjacent shield segments is about 100 mm during installation, the crane holds it steady. Four L-shaped plates are symmetrically welded on the left and right sides as reaction points, and a jack is used to press down the top block against the L-shaped plates to force the left and right side segments to open, ensuring that the top block is installed in place and the positioning pins are inserted. After the top block is installed, the connection bolts of the entire front and middle shields are tightened.

[0069] This application also discloses a method for on-site assembly of the front shield of an extra-large diameter shield machine. The on-site assembly of the front and middle shields is carried out by using the above-mentioned on-site assembly system for the front shield of an extra-large diameter shield machine, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] a. Build a launching pad according to the construction tunnel axis, the starting position, and the dimensions of the shield machine, and ensure that the center line of the shield machine after assembly is consistent with the construction tunnel axis;

[0071] b. Align and configure the adjustment unit on the launching pad 101. Hoist the bottom shield segment 501 at the bottom through a lifting device, place it on the guide rail 103, and adjust its attitude;

[0072] c. Set the anti-torsion unit on the sides and ends of the bottom shield segment 501 to fix the bottom shield segment 501 relative to the launching pad;

[0073] d. Hoist the side shield segments 503 on both sides of the bottom shield segment, and the side shield segments are assembled in a left-right sequential cycle. Set the anti-torsion unit between at least some of the side shield segments 503 and the launching pad;

[0074] e. Hoist the top shield segment 502, and before the top shield segment 502 fits with the side shield segments 503, configure the top block assembly unit. Slowly lower it through the lifting device, and press and stabilize the top shield through the top block assembly unit to complete the pressing and alignment;

[0075] f. Tighten the connecting bolts between each segment of the shield body.

[0076] In the above process steps, the construction process is further described in detail:

[0077] The assembly of the front and middle shields is the first step in the shield body assembly, which is the benchmark for the assembly of the remaining segments and the tail shield, and is a key process to ensure that the main machine is aligned with the tunnel axis. Therefore, in step b, before assembly, mark the position of the cross-center vertical line, the installation position, and the center vertical line 701 of the bottom shield segment on the launching pad; when assembling the bottom shield segment, ensure that its center vertical line is consistent with the cross-center vertical line of the tunnel launching pad, and the distance X between the cutting ring of the bottom shield segment and the structure of the launching wellhead meets the requirements for the installation of the cutter head into the well. Through the 4 leveling hydraulic cylinders arranged in the front and rear rows at the positions with strong structural rigidity of the bottom shield segment, adjust the position and elevation difference during the assembly of the bottom shield block. The leveling cylinders can be controlled individually, in groups, or synchronously.

[0078] Since the attitude of the bottom shield segment needs to be adjusted according to the measurement results after it is hoisted into the well, and the bottom shield segment is large in volume and weight and lacks sufficient restraint after being placed on the launching pad, in step c, the gap between the anti-torsion units on both sides of the bottom shield segment and the launching pad is 5 mm to 15 mm. On the one hand, it can ensure the space required for attitude adjustment, and on the other hand, it can prevent the safety risks brought by the left and right deflection or tipping of the shield body. For the anti-torsion unit, on the one hand, a baffle plate is set on the side, and on the other hand, a stop block is welded on the end guide rail.

[0079] In step d, after the installation and adjustment of the bottom shield segment 501 are in place, install the shield segments on the left and right sides in sequence. Install the left and right segments in a symmetric order of installing one on the left and one on the right to avoid risks such as the movement, deflection, and overturning of the shield body caused by the offset of the center of gravity of the entire shield body during continuous installation on one side; when the left and right segments of the bottom shield block are installed and butted, weld an anti-torsion baffle plate at the bottom to prevent the assembled shield body from being overweight and twisted and overturned due to overweight on one side; and carry out support welding in a timely manner as other shield segments are installed until the installation of the lower segments is completed.

[0080] In step e, after the top block assembly unit is pressurized in place, insert positioning pins between the shield segments and then carry out bolt connection.

[0081] This application also includes a sealing process; install a complete circle of seals on the contact surfaces between adjacent shield segments. The complete circle of seals is bonded by multiple seal strips 601. The interfaces of adjacent seal strips 601 are all bevel cuts and are bonded by overlapping up and down. Specifically, since the shield body needs to withstand a mud pressure of 3 to 10 bar when working as a whole after the installation of each shield segment is completed, a complete circle of seals needs to be installed between the contact surfaces of each shield body, such as Figure 11As shown; the whole-circle seal is formed by bonding individual sealing strips. The butt joint sealing bonding interface of the straight section should be cut along the 45° direction, and the 120° interface at the right-angle section butt joint. Sand the cut with sandpaper, apply Loctite sealant, and after the sealing installation is completed, apply an appropriate amount of lithium-based grease EP2 on the surface. The butt joint structure of each part is as Figures 12 - 19 shown.

[0082] In this text, the term "and / or" indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this text generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0083] The preferred embodiments for implementing the present invention have been described in detail above, but it should be understood that the functions of these embodiments are only for examples and not for limiting the scope, application, or structure of the present invention in any way. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalent manners. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make many changes to the foregoing embodiments under the teaching of the present invention, and these changes all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front shield on-site assembly system for a super-large diameter shield machine, which is used for the alignment and assembly of shield segments, and is characterized in that, Comprising: A launching platform, on which multiple guide rails and multiple welding channels are arranged. The circle formed by the upper surfaces of the multiple guide rails is concentric with the outer peripheral surface of the shield body. An adjustment unit, with multiple groups of the adjustment units arranged on the launching platform. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the height of the shield body segments. An anti-torsion unit, which is arranged at the end or / and side of each shield body segment. The anti-torsion unit is used to limit the torsion of the shield body segment. The anti-torsion unit includes a retaining plate welded to the bottoms on both sides of the bottom shield body segment and a stopper welded to the guide rails at both ends of the bottom shield body segment, and a retaining plate is arranged between at least part of the side shield body segments and the launching platform. The gap between the retaining plates on both sides of the bottom shield body segment and the launching platform is 5 mm to 15 mm. And a top block assembly unit, which is used to apply pressure to the top shield body segment assembled last at the top to complete the pressing and alignment. The top block assembly unit includes two support frames and a pressing power push rod arranged on the support frames. The two support frames are respectively arranged on the two shield body segments adjacent to the top shield body segment.

2. The front shield on-site assembly system for a super-large diameter shield machine according to claim 1, and is characterized in that, The launching platform is a reinforced concrete casting platform. The guide rails are pre-embedded and cast in the launching platform, and placing cavities corresponding to the adjustment units are reserved on the launching platform.

3. The front shield on-site assembly system for a super-large diameter shield machine according to claim 1, and is characterized in that, The adjustment unit includes a leveling hydraulic cylinder and a control module. The control module controls multiple groups of the adjustment units to act synchronously or individually.

4. A front shield on-site assembly method for a super-large diameter shield machine, and is characterized in that, Using the front shield construction site assembly system of the super-large diameter shield machine according to any one of claims 1-3 above to assemble the front shield, specifically including the following steps: a. Build a launching platform according to the construction tunnel axis, launching position, and shield machine size, and ensure that the center line after the shield machine is assembled is consistent with the construction tunnel axis. b. Align and configure the adjustment units on the launching platform. Lift the bottom shield body segment at the bottom by a hoisting device, place it on the guide rails, and adjust the attitude. c. Weld a retaining plate to the bottoms on both sides of the bottom shield body segment and weld a stopper to the guide rails at both ends of the bottom shield body segment, so that the bottom shield body segment is fixed relative to the launching platform. The gap between the retaining plates on both sides of the bottom shield body segment and the launching platform is 5 mm to 15 mm. d. Lift the side shield body segments on both sides of the bottom shield body segment, and the side shield body segments are assembled in a left-right sequential cycle, and a retaining plate is arranged between at least part of the side shield body segments and the launching platform. e. Lift the top shield body segment, and before the top shield body segment fits with the side shield body segments, configure the top block assembly unit. Slowly lower it by a hoisting device, symmetrically weld support plates on the left and right adjacent shield body segments of the top shield body segment, and press down the top shield body segment through the pressing power push rod arranged on the support frame to complete the pressing and alignment. f. Tighten the connecting bolts between the shield body segments.

5. The front shield on-site assembly method for a super-large diameter shield machine according to claim 4, and is characterized in that, In step b, mark the position of the cross center vertical line, the installation position, and the front and rear center vertical lines of the bottom shield body segment on the launching platform. After assembly, ensure that the center vertical line of the bottom shield body segment is consistent with the cross center vertical line; and the distance between the cutting ring of the bottom shield body segment and the structure of the launching wellhead meets the installation requirements for the cutter head to enter the well.

6. The front shield on-site assembly method for a super-large diameter shield machine according to claim 4, and is characterized in that, In step e, after the top block assembly unit is pressed in place, positioning pins are inserted between the shield segments.

7. The front shield on-site assembly method for a super-large diameter shield machine according to claim 4, and is characterized in that, It also includes a sealing process; a complete circle of seal is installed on the contact surface between two adjacent shield segments. The complete circle of seal is formed by bonding multiple seal strips. The interfaces of two adjacent seal strips are both bevel cuts and are bonded by overlapping vertically.

Images