Orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array for airborne phased array radar

Abstract

The invention relates to an orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array of an airborne phased array radar, which comprises a sub-array element part; the sub-array element part comprises a matrix composed of a plurality of sub-array elements; the sub-array element comprises a reflector, two coaxial line interfaces whose lower ends are connected to the reflector, and a feeder connected at the lower end to the corresponding coaxial line interfaces; the feeders of the two coaxial line interfaces are not in contact; the feeder is an n-type structure, comprising a long and a short upright part and a horizontal part; the upper ends of the long and the short upright parts are respectively connected to the corresponding ends of the horizontal part; the lower end of a long upright part is connected to the coaxial line interface; the lower end of a short upright part is suspended; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array of an airborne phased array radar. Background Art

[0002] With the development of radar manufacturing industry technology, phased array radar systems with orthogonal polarization electromagnetic wave radiation and polarization information identification capabilities have gradually become one of the important research directions. The full use of polarization information can provide radar systems with a potential technical approach to weaken the impact of harsh electromagnetic environments, counter active interference, suppress environmental clutter, counter stealth, and identify targets, which can effectively improve the performance of modern radars. Phased array radar systems using orthogonal polarization phased array antennas have the dual advantages of orthogonal polarization antennas and phased array antennas. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is generally to provide an orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array for an airborne phased array radar. In order to meet the actual engineering requirements of the orthogonal polarization radar, the present invention proposes an orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array for an airborne phased array radar based on orthogonally arranged symmetrical dipole antennas.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] An orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array for an airborne phased array radar comprises a sub-array element portion; the sub-array element portion comprises a matrix composed of a plurality of sub-array elements; the sub-array element comprises a reflector, two coaxial line interfaces whose lower ends are connected to the reflector, and a feeder line whose lower ends are connected to corresponding coaxial line interfaces; the feeders of the two coaxial line interfaces do not touch;

[0006] The feeder is an n-type structure, including a long and a short upright part and a horizontal part; the upper ends of the long and short upright parts are respectively connected to the corresponding ends of the horizontal part; the lower end of the long upright part is connected to the coaxial line interface; the lower end of the short upright part is suspended;

[0007] A vertical patch is vertically attached to the corresponding upright portion; a horizontal patch is horizontally arranged, and its root is connected to the upper end of the vertical patch; the cantilever end of the horizontal patch is extended outwardly relative to a horizontal portion;

[0008] The horizontal parts of the two feeders are arranged in a cross shape on the horizontal plane and are staggered in height without touching each other;

[0009] The area above the reflector and below the horizontal patch is filled with rigid Styrofoam;

[0010] The reflector, feeder, vertical patch and horizontal patch are all copper sheet structures with a thickness of 0.1mm;

[0011] The inner core of the coaxial line interface is a copper cylinder, and the outer shell is a copper ring structure with a thickness of 0.1mm. The space between the inner core and the outer shell is filled with hard polystyrene foam plastic, and the outer shell is wrapped with insulating rubber.

[0012] The feed line is made of bent copper sheets, and the vertical patch and the horizontal patch are an integrated structure made of bent copper sheets;

[0013] The connection between the reflector and the coaxial line interface is hollowed out, the reflector and the outer shell of the coaxial line interface are connected by welding, the reflector and the vertical patch are connected by welding, the outer shell and the vertical patch are connected by welding, and the inner core of the coaxial line interface is connected by welding to the feeder.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0015] Two coaxial lines are connected under the reflector, each of which corresponds to a coaxial line interface of a group of dipole antennas; the coaxial lines are connected to the microwave line;

[0016] The polarization directions of the orthogonally arranged dipole antennas are orthogonal to each other. The signal enters through the coaxial cable interface, and the corresponding antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0017] A lower portion is disposed below the sub-array element portion;

[0018] The lower part includes a supporting shell, which is arranged below the sub-array element part; a bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the supporting shell, and a coaxial line lower interface ×32 is provided at the top of the supporting shell; a chip-type T / R assembly is fixed on the bottom plate by bolts;

[0019] The bottom plate is an aluminum alloy square plate, and the chip T / R assembly has an aluminum alloy shell and internal circuit; 32 coaxial line lower interfaces are above the chip T / R assembly; the coaxial line lower interfaces are connected to the coaxial line interfaces and form an integrated structure;

[0020] The supporting shell is fixedly connected between the bottom plate and the reflecting plate by bolts.

[0021] The chip T / R components include a signal amplification module, a one-to-two power divider, an RF switch, a primary one-to-four power divider, a secondary one-to-four power divider and a phase shifter;

[0022] The input end of the signal amplifier module is connected to the control circuit and the power supply circuit; the output end of the signal amplifier module is divided into two paths through a one-to-two power splitter, and each output end is connected to the input end of the RF switch. The output end of the RF switch is divided into 32 paths by a one-to-four power splitter and a secondary one-to-four power splitter, and the 32 paths are respectively connected to the input end of the phase shifter;

[0023] There are two circuit interfaces under the chip T / R component, which are used to connect the input end of the signal amplification module to the host control / signal bus and the power supply circuit respectively; when the T / R component is powered, the host control / signal bus inputs the transmission command, and the T / R component transmits electromagnetic waves, which are transmitted to 16 groups of dipole antennas with specified polarization via the coaxial cable interface, and radiated to the external space by the dipole antennas; the electromagnetic waves in the external space are received by 32 groups of dipole antennas and transmitted to the T / R component via the coaxial cable interface.

[0024] The present invention realizes an orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array for airborne phased array radar by mutual cooperation of a reflector, a coaxial line interface, a feeder, a vertical patch, a horizontal patch, a rigid polystyrene foam plastic, a bottom plate, a sheet T / R assembly, and a supporting shell, thereby solving the demand for an orthogonal polarization airborne radar antenna array project.

[0025] The present invention realizes the functions of transmitting and receiving horizontally polarized and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves through a 4×4 orthogonally arranged thin sheet dipole antenna array, and has structural innovation and stable performance. The present invention has reasonable design, low cost, strong and durable, safe and reliable, simple operation, time-saving, labor-saving, money-saving, compact structure and convenient use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a perspective structural diagram of the front view of the antenna array;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a perspective structural diagram of the array element part of the front view of the antenna array;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the array element;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the array element coaxial line interface and feeder;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna array surface;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A perspective structural diagram of the middle BA part;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A perspective structural diagram of the middle BB part;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top view of the chip T / R component;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is the principle architecture diagram of the chip T / R component;

[0035] Fig.10It is a structural schematic diagram of the front view of the array element;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the array element from top view.

[0037] Among them: 1 reflector, 2 coaxial line interface, 3 feeder, 4 vertical patch, 5 horizontal patch, 6 hard polystyrene foam, 7 bottom plate, 8 piece T / R assembly, 9 coaxial line lower interface, 10 support shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is divided into a sub-array element part BB and a lower part BA;

[0039] The sub-array element BB part includes a reflector 1, two coaxial line interfaces 2×32 whose lower ends are connected to the reflector 1, and a feeder 3×32 whose lower ends are connected to the corresponding coaxial line interfaces 2; the feeders 3 of the two coaxial line interfaces 2 do not touch;

[0040] The feeder 3 is an n-type structure, including a long and a short upright part and a horizontal part; the upper ends of the long and the short upright parts are respectively connected to the corresponding ends of the horizontal part; the lower end of the long upright part is connected to the coaxial line interface 2; the lower end of the short upright part is suspended;

[0041] The vertical patch 4×64 is vertically attached to the corresponding upright portion; the horizontal patch 5×64 is horizontally arranged and its root is connected to the upper end of the vertical patch 4; the cantilever end of the horizontal patch 5 is extended outward relative to a horizontal portion;

[0042] The horizontal parts of the two feed lines 3 are arranged in a cross shape on the horizontal plane, and are staggered in height without touching each other;

[0043] The area above the reflector 1 and below the horizontal patch 5 is filled with rigid polystyrene foam.

[0044] The reflector 1, feeder 3, vertical patch 4 and horizontal patch 5 are all copper sheet structures with a thickness of 0.1 mm;

[0045] The inner core of the coaxial line interface 2 is a copper cylinder, the outer shell is a copper ring structure with a thickness of 0.1 mm, the space between the inner core and the outer shell is filled with hard polystyrene foam plastic 6, and the outer shell is wrapped with insulating rubber;

[0046] The feed line 3 is made of a bent copper sheet, and the vertical patch 4 and the horizontal patch 5 are an integrated structure made of bent copper sheets;

[0047] The connection between the reflector 1 and the coaxial line interface 2 is hollowed out, the reflector 1 and the outer shell of the coaxial line interface 2 are connected by welding, the reflector 1 and the vertical patch 4 are connected by welding, the outer shell and the vertical patch 4 are connected by welding, and the inner core of the coaxial line interface 2 and the feeder 3 are connected by welding.

[0048] The array element has two coaxial line interfaces 2, and two coaxial lines can be connected under the reflector 1, each corresponding to a group of dipole antennas.

[0049] The polarization directions of the orthogonally arranged dipole antennas are orthogonal to each other. The signal enters through the coaxial line interface, and the corresponding antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves of different polarizations will be received by the two sets of dipole antennas respectively and enter the microwave line through the coaxial line interface.

[0050] The BA part includes a support shell 10, which is arranged below the sub-array element part; a bottom plate 7 is provided at the bottom of the support shell 10, and a coaxial line lower interface 9×32 is provided at the top of the support shell 10; a chip-type T / R component 8 is fixed on the bottom plate 7 by bolts;

[0051] The bottom plate 7 is a 2 mm aluminum alloy square flat plate, and the chip T / R component 8 has an aluminum alloy shell and internal circuit; 32 coaxial line lower interfaces 9 are above the chip T / R component 8; there are 2 circuit interfaces below the chip T / R component 8, the coaxial line lower interface 9 is connected to the coaxial line interface 2 and is an integrated structure, and the support shell 10 is a 1 mm thick rectangular acrylic material shell without top or bottom.

[0052] The supporting shell 10 is fixedly connected between the bottom plate 7 and the reflecting plate 1 by means of bolts.

[0053] The overall dimensions of the antenna array are: 72mm×72mm×35mm, the dimensions of the AA part are: 72mm×72mm×7mm, the dimensions of the BA part are: 72mm×72mm×28mm, the dimensions of the bottom plate 7 are: 72mm×72mm×2mm, the dimensions of the chip T / R component 8 are: 68mm×68mm×24mm, the dimensions of the support shell 10 are 72mm×72mm×26mm, the spacing of the lower interface 9 of each group of coaxial lines is: 18mm, and the other dimensions are combined Fig.10 , Fig.11 , as shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1

[0055] parameter Dimensions (mm) parameter Dimensions (mm) parameter Dimensions (mm) H1 6.3 H2 6 H3 2.9 L1 4.58 L2 4.57 L3 4.15 L4 4.55 W1 1.9 W2 0.7

[0056] Instructions

[0057] There are two circuit interfaces on the back of the antenna array base plate, which are connected to the host control / signal bus and the power supply circuit respectively; after the T / R component is powered, the control / signal bus inputs the transmission command, and the T / R component transmits electromagnetic waves, which are transmitted to 16 groups of dipole antennas with specified polarization via the coaxial cable interface, and radiated to the external space by the dipole antennas; the electromagnetic waves in the external space are received by 32 groups of dipole antennas and transmitted to the T / R component via the coaxial cable interface.

[0058] The chip T / R components include a signal amplification module, a one-to-two power divider, an RF switch, a primary one-to-four power divider, a secondary one-to-four power divider and a phase shifter;

[0059] The input end of the signal amplifier module is connected to the control circuit and the power supply circuit; the output end of the signal amplifier module is divided into two paths through a one-to-two power splitter, and each output end is connected to the input end of the RF switch. The output end of the RF switch is divided into 32 paths by a one-to-four power splitter and a secondary one-to-four power splitter, and the 32 paths are respectively connected to the input end of the phase shifter;

[0060] The present invention is fully described for a clearer disclosure, and the prior art is not listed one by one.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; it is obvious for those skilled in the art to combine multiple technical solutions of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array for airborne phased array radar, characterized in that: It comprises a sub-array element part; the sub-array element part comprises a matrix composed of a plurality of sub-array elements; the sub-array element comprises a reflector (1), two coaxial line interfaces (2) whose lower ends are connected to the reflector (1), and a feeder (3) whose lower ends are connected to the corresponding coaxial line interfaces (2); the feeders (3) of the two coaxial line interfaces (2) are not in contact; The feeder (3) is an n-type structure, comprising a long and a short upright portion and a horizontal portion; the upper ends of the long and the short upright portions are respectively connected to the corresponding ends of the horizontal portion; the lower end of the long upright portion is connected to the coaxial line interface (2); and the lower end of the short upright portion is suspended; A vertical patch (4) is vertically attached to the corresponding upright portion; a horizontal patch (5) is horizontally arranged, the root of which is connected to the upper end of the vertical patch (4); the cantilever end of the horizontal patch (5) is extended outwardly relative to a horizontal portion; The horizontal parts of the two feed lines (3) are arranged in a cross shape on a horizontal plane and are staggered in height without touching each other; The area above the reflector (1) and below the horizontal patch (5) is filled with rigid polystyrene foam; The reflector (1), the feeder (3), the vertical patch (4) and the horizontal patch (5) are all copper sheet structures with a thickness of 0.1 mm; The inner core of the coaxial line interface (2) is a copper cylinder, the outer shell is a copper ring structure with a thickness of 0.1 mm, the space between the inner core and the outer shell is filled with hard polystyrene foam plastic (6), and the outer shell is wrapped with insulating rubber; The feed line (3) is made of a bent copper sheet, and the vertical patch (4) and the horizontal patch (5) are an integrated structure made of bent copper sheets; The connection between the reflector (1) and the coaxial line interface (2) is hollowed out, the reflector (1) and the outer shell of the coaxial line interface (2) are connected by welding, the reflector (1) and the vertical patch (4) are connected by welding, the outer shell (8) and the vertical patch (4) are connected by welding, and the inner core of the coaxial line interface (2) and the feeder (3) are connected by welding; Two coaxial lines are connected below the reflector (1), each line corresponding to a coaxial line interface (2) of a group of dipole antennas; the coaxial lines are connected to the microwave line; The polarization directions of the orthogonally arranged dipole antennas are mutually orthogonal. The signal enters through the coaxial line interface, and the corresponding antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves. A lower portion is disposed below the sub-array element portion; The lower part comprises a support shell (10), which is arranged below the sub-element part; a bottom plate (7) is provided at the bottom of the support shell (10), and a coaxial line lower interface (9)×32 is provided at the top of the support shell (10); a chip-type T / R assembly is fixedly provided on the bottom plate (7) by bolts; The bottom plate (7) is an aluminum alloy square flat plate, and the chip-type T / R assembly has an aluminum alloy shell and internal circuits; 32 coaxial line lower interfaces (9) are located above the chip-type T / R assembly; the coaxial line lower interfaces (9) are connected to the coaxial line interfaces (2) and form an integrated structure; The supporting shell (10) is fixedly connected between the bottom plate (7) and the reflecting plate (1) by means of bolts.

2. The orthogonal polarization dipole antenna array of the airborne phased array radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip T / R components include a signal source module, a signal amplification module, a power divider module, a one-to-two power divider, a radio frequency switch, a primary one-to-four power divider, a secondary one-to-four power divider, a phase shifter and a receiving module; The signal source module uses a clock-connectable FPGA RF chip; The signal amplification module uses an MMIC single chip with microwave amplification function; Its input end is connected to the control circuit and the power supply circuit; The output end of the signal amplification module is divided into two paths through a one-to-two power splitter, and each output end is connected to the input end of the RF switch. The output end of the RF switch is divided into 32 paths by a one-to-four power splitter and a two-to-four power splitter, and the 32 paths are respectively connected to the input end of the phase shifter; There are two circuit interfaces under the chip T / R component, which are used to connect the input end of the signal amplification module to the host control / signal bus and the power supply circuit respectively; when the T / R component is powered, the host control / signal bus inputs the transmission command, and the T / R component transmits electromagnetic waves, which are transmitted to 16 groups of dipole antennas with specified polarization via the coaxial line interface, and radiated to the external space by the dipole antenna; the electromagnetic waves in the external space are received by 32 groups of dipole antennas, and transmitted to the T / R component via the coaxial line interface; The phase shifter is digital, with RF MEMS circuits and switches; The power divider module is made of a cascade of one-to-two Wilkinson power dividers printed on a circuit board, with two sets of polarization parts; The receiving module includes a limiter, a receiving switch, and a low-noise high-power amplifier which are sequentially connected in communication.

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