Seeder with seed and fertilizer separation for small grain crops

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops, comprising a frame, a walking wheel arranged at the lower end of the frame, a seed trough arranged at the top of the frame, a fertilizer trough arranged at the top of the frame, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism arranged at the front and rear sides of the lower end of the frame, a soil covering rake arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame, and a soil covering iron chain connected to the rear side of the soil covering rake, a seed feeder is arranged at the lower end of the seed drop opening at the lower end of the seed trough, the seed feeder is connected to the seed drop rotating shaft, a fertilizer feeder is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer drop opening at the lower end of the fertilizer trough, the fertilizer feeder is connected to the fertilizer drop rotating shaft, the walking wheel is connected to the seed drop rotating shaft and the fertilizer drop rotating shaft through a transmission mechanism, and the lower end outlet of the seed feeder pipe below the seed feeder and the lower end outlet of the fertilizer feeder pipe below the fertilizer feeder are connected to the sowing and fertilizing mechanism. It can perform seed-fertilizer separation sowing and can overcome the situation of seed burning caused by mixed sowing of seeds and fertilizers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, small-grain crops such as millet are mostly sown using wheat seeders. In order to control the sowing amount, seeds are usually mixed with fertilizers for sowing, which may result in fertilizer burn, which may reach 50% in severe cases.

[0003] There is no special seeding and fertilizing machine for small-grain crops such as millet in the prior art. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a seed-fertilizer separation seeding machine suitable for small-grain crops in the prior art to overcome the problem of seed burning caused by the existing mixed seeding of seeds and fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops to overcome the problem of seed burning caused by the mixed sowing of seeds and fertilizers.

[0005] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops, comprising a frame, a walking wheel arranged at the lower end of the frame, a traction bar arranged at the front end of the frame, a seed trough arranged at the top of the frame, a fertilizer trough arranged at the top of the frame, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism arranged at the front side of the lower end of the frame, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame, a soil covering rake arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame, and a soil covering iron chain connected to the rear side of the soil covering rake, a seed dropping port is arranged at the lower end of the seed trough, a seed dropping device is arranged at the lower end of the seed dropping port, and the seed dropping device The fertilizer trough is connected with the seed dropping shaft, a fertilizer dropping port is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer trough, a fertilizer feeder is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer dropping port, the fertilizer feeder is connected with the fertilizer dropping shaft, the walking wheel is connected with the seed dropping shaft and the fertilizer dropping shaft through a transmission mechanism, a seed feeding pipe is arranged below the seed feeder, a fertilizer feeding pipe is arranged below the fertilizer feeder, the lower end outlets of the seed feeding pipe and the lower end outlets of the fertilizer feeding pipe are connected with the sowing and fertilizing mechanism, and the soil covering rake is located at the rear side of the sowing and fertilizing mechanism behind the frame.

[0006] The sowing and fertilizing mechanism includes an upright fertilizer drop cylinder and an upright seed drop cylinder arranged on the rear side of the fertilizer drop cylinder, the lower end of the fertilizer drop pipe extends into the upper port of the fertilizer drop cylinder, the lower end of the seed drop pipe extends into the upper port of the seed drop cylinder, the lower end outlet of the fertilizer drop cylinder is provided with a slotted shovel, and the lower end outlet of the seed drop cylinder is provided with a pre-soil covering shovel.

[0007] A transverse hinged arm is fixedly connected to the rear side of the seed dropping cylinder, which is hinged to the frame. The hinged arm is provided with a vertical through hole, and a vertical screw rod passes through a nut, a gasket, a spring, a pad, the through hole of the hinged arm, the frame and another nut in sequence, and a gap is left between the screw rod and the inner wall of the through hole.

[0008] The front and rear sides of the frame are provided with a plurality of sowing and fertilizing mechanisms, and corresponding to these sowing and fertilizing mechanisms, the lower end of the seed trough is provided with a plurality of seed dropping openings, and the lower end of each seed dropping opening is provided with a seed feeder, and in the two seed feeding pipes below two adjacent seed feeders, one seed feeding pipe extends into the seed dropping cylinder on the front side of the frame, and the other seed feeding pipe extends into the seed dropping cylinder on the rear side of the frame, and the lower end of the fertilizer trough is provided with a plurality of fertilizer dropping openings, and the lower end of each fertilizer dropping opening is provided with a fertilizer feeder, and in the two fertilizer feeding pipes below two adjacent fertilizer feeders, one fertilizer feeding pipe extends into the fertilizer dropping cylinder on the front side of the frame, and the other fertilizer feeding pipe extends into the fertilizer dropping cylinder on the rear side of the frame.

[0009] The fertilizer drop cylinder is fixedly connected to the seed drop cylinder via a connecting piece.

[0010] It also includes a seeding amount adjustment mechanism, which includes an internal threaded cylinder connected to the frame, an adjustment shaft passing through the internal threaded cylinder and an adjustment handwheel fixedly arranged at one end of the adjustment shaft, the other end of the adjustment shaft is rotatably connected to the seed dropping shaft, and a horizontal feeding impeller is arranged in the seed feeder, and the left and right ends of the feeding impeller extend to the left and right sides of the seed feeder, and a plurality of feeding blades are evenly arranged on the middle outer circumference of the feeding impeller, and the gap between two adjacent feeding blades gradually decreases from left to right.

[0011] The transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket connected to the walking wheel through a shaft, a passive sprocket connected to the upper side of the frame, a chain connected between the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket, a first gear connected to the fertilizer drop shaft, a third gear connected to the seed drop shaft, and a second gear meshed between the first gear and the third gear, and the passive sprocket is connected to the fertilizer drop shaft.

[0012] A connecting arm is hinged at the rear end of the frame, a sleeve is connected to the rear end of the connecting arm, a vertical pole is fixedly connected to the top of the soil covering rake, the vertical pole is inserted into the sleeve, a screw hole is arranged on the side of the sleeve, and a locking bolt is arranged in the screw hole.

[0013] The soil covering rake comprises a frame and two rows of rake rods arranged at the lower end of the frame, and the rake rods correspond to the sowing and fertilizing mechanisms one by one.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is suitable for sowing small-grain crops, and it can separate seeds and fertilizers for sowing, so as to overcome the existing situation of seed burning caused by mixed sowing of seeds and fertilizers. The sowing amount can be controlled by adjusting the seed lowering adjustment mechanism. The addition of a rake and an iron chain can better achieve seed covering. It can synchronously complete the sowing and fertilizing processes. The present invention is mainly used in forage millet planting areas and areas where forage millet is planted after wheat, and can also be used for row sowing of small-grain crops such as rapeseed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the sowing and fertilizing mechanism;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a seeding amount regulating mechanism;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeder.

[0019] In the figure: 1-frame; 2-traction bar; 3-travel wheel; 4-driving sprocket; 5-driven sprocket; 6-chain; 7-first gear; 8-second gear; 9-third gear; 10-first seed feeding pipe; 11-second seed feeding pipe; 12-first fertilizer feeding pipe; 13-second fertilizer feeding pipe; 14-seed feeder; 15-fertilizer feeder; 16-seed trough; 17-fertilizer trough; 18-seeding and fertilizing mechanism; 19-articulated arm; 20-screw; 21 -nut; 22-spring; 23-seed drop cylinder; 24-fertilizer drop cylinder; 25-connector; 26-slotted shovel; 27-pre-covering shovel; 28-covering rake; 29-rake rod; 30-sleeve; 31-locking bolt; 32-connecting arm; 33-covering chain; 34-adjusting hand wheel; 35-internal thread cylinder; 36-adjusting shaft; 37-seed drop shaft; 38-discharging impeller; 39-discharging blades; 40-seed drop port; 41-pad; 42-vertical pole; 43-receiving hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, a seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops includes a frame 1, a walking wheel 3 arranged at the lower end of the frame 1, a traction bar 2 arranged at the front end of the frame 1, a seed trough 16 arranged at the top of the frame 1, a fertilizer trough 17 arranged at the top of the frame 1, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 arranged at the front side of the lower end of the frame 1, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame 1, a soil covering rake 28 arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame 1, and a soil covering iron chain 33 connected to the rear side of the soil covering rake 28, a seed dropping port 40 is arranged at the lower end of the seed trough 16, and a seed feeder is arranged at the lower end of the seed dropping port 40. 14, the seed feeder 14 is connected to the seed dropping shaft 37, the lower end of the fertilizer trough 17 is provided with a fertilizer dropping port, the lower end of the fertilizer dropping port is provided with a fertilizer feeder 15, the fertilizer feeder 15 is connected to the fertilizer dropping shaft, the walking wheel 3 is connected to the seed dropping shaft 37 and the fertilizer dropping shaft through a transmission mechanism, a seed feeding pipe is provided below the seed feeder 14, a fertilizer feeding pipe is provided below the fertilizer feeder 15, the lower end outlets of the seed feeding pipe and the lower end outlets of the fertilizer feeding pipe are connected to the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18, and the covering harrow 28 is located on the rear side of the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 behind the frame 1.

[0022] When the soil moisture reaches the conditions for millet sowing, the land can be leveled and the present invention can be used for millet sowing. The present invention is connected to the rear of the tractor through the traction bar 2. When working, the tractor moves forward with the present invention, and the walking wheel 3 rotates, and the seed dropping shaft 37 and the fertilizer dropping shaft are driven to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the seeds in the seed trough 16 enter the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 through the seed feeder 14 and the seed feeding pipe, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer trough 17 enters the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 through the fertilizer feeder 15 and the fertilizer feeding pipe, thereby completing fertilization and sowing. After that, the soil is covered by the covering rake 28, and the soil covering iron chain 33 further covers the soil, and the whole process is completed.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 includes an upright fertilizer drop cylinder 24 and an upright seed drop cylinder 23 arranged on the rear side of the fertilizer drop cylinder 24, the lower end of the fertilizer drop pipe extends into the upper port of the fertilizer drop cylinder 24, the lower end of the seed drop pipe extends into the upper port of the seed drop cylinder 23, the lower end outlet of the fertilizer drop cylinder 24 is provided with a slotted shovel 26, and the lower end outlet of the seed drop cylinder 23 is provided with a pre-soil covering shovel 27.

[0024] During operation, the slotting shovel 26 slots the land, fertilizers enter the ground grooves through the fertilizer drop tube 24, seeds enter the ground grooves through the seed drop tube 23, and then the pre-covering shovel 27 performs pre-covering. After that, the soil is covered by the covering harrow 28, and the covering iron chain 33 further covers the soil during the forward dragging process.

[0025] See also Figure 2The rear side of the seed drop barrel 23 is fixedly connected with a transverse hinged arm 19, which is hinged to the frame 1. The hinged arm 19 is provided with a vertical through hole, and a vertical screw rod 20 passes through the nut 21, the gasket, the spring 22, the cushion block 41, the through hole of the hinged arm 19, the frame 1 and another nut 21 in sequence, and a gap is left between the screw rod 20 and the inner wall of the through hole. This structure enables the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 to have a buffering performance to cope with different ground conditions.

[0026] The front and rear sides of the frame 1 are provided with a plurality of sowing and fertilizing mechanisms 18. Corresponding to these sowing and fertilizing mechanisms 18, the lower end of the seed trough 16 is provided with a plurality of seed dropping ports 40. The lower end of each seed dropping port 40 is provided with a seed feeder 14. In the two seed feeding pipes below two adjacent seed feeders 14, the first seed feeding pipe 10 extends into the seed dropping cylinder 23 on the front side of the frame 1, and the second seed feeding pipe 11 extends into the seed dropping cylinder 23 on the rear side of the frame 1. The lower end of the fertilizer trough 17 is provided with a plurality of fertilizer dropping ports. The lower end of each fertilizer dropping port is provided with a fertilizer feeder 15. In the two fertilizer feeding pipes below the two adjacent fertilizer feeders 15, the first fertilizer feeding pipe 12 extends into the fertilizer dropping cylinder 24 on the front side of the frame 1, and the second fertilizer feeding pipe 13 extends into the fertilizer dropping cylinder 24 on the rear side of the frame 1. The fertilizer dropping cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the seed dropping cylinder 23 through a connector 25.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, it also includes a seeding amount adjustment mechanism, which includes an internal threaded tube 35 connected to the frame 1, an adjustment shaft 36 passing through the internal threaded tube 35 and an adjustment handwheel 34 fixedly arranged at one end of the adjustment shaft 36, and the other end of the adjustment shaft 36 is rotatably connected to the seed dropping shaft 37. A horizontal feeding impeller 38 is arranged in the seed feeder 14, and the left and right ends of the feeding impeller 38 extend to the left and right sides of the seed feeder 14. A plurality of feeding blades 39 are evenly arranged on the middle outer circumference of the feeding impeller 38, and the gap between two adjacent feeding blades 39 gradually decreases from left to right. Under the screw connection of the adjustment shaft 36 and the internal threaded barrel 35, by rotating the adjustment hand wheel 34, the adjustment shaft 36 can drive the seed dropping shaft 37 to move left and right, thereby adjusting the left and right position of the dropping impeller 38 in the seed feeder 14; when the dropping impeller 38 moves to the right relative to the seed feeder 14, the gap between the two adjacent dropping blades 39 in the seed feeder 14 is relatively large, and the sowing amount is relatively large; when the dropping impeller 38 moves to the left relative to the seed feeder 14, the gap between the two adjacent dropping blades 39 in the seed feeder 14 is relatively small, and the sowing amount is relatively small. In order to ensure the meshing relationship between the second gear 8 and the third gear 9 when the seed dropping shaft 37 moves left and right during the process of adjusting the sowing amount, the thickness of the third gear 9 can be increased or two third gears 9 can be arranged side by side. A receiving hopper 43 is provided below the seed feeder 14, and the seeds fall from the seed feeder 14 into the receiving hopper 43 and then enter the seed feeder pipe.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket 4 connected to the walking wheel 3 through a shaft, a passive sprocket 5 connected to the upper side of the frame 1, a chain 6 connected between the driving sprocket 4 and the passive sprocket 5, a first gear 7 connected to the fertilizer drop shaft, a third gear 9 connected to the seed drop shaft 37 and a second gear 8 meshed between the first gear 7 and the third gear 9, and the passive sprocket 5 is connected to the fertilizer drop shaft.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The rear end of the frame 1 is hinged with a connecting arm 32, and the rear end of the connecting arm 32 is connected to a sleeve 30. The top of the soil covering rake 28 is fixedly connected with a vertical rod 42, and the vertical rod 42 is inserted into the sleeve 30. The side of the sleeve 30 is provided with a screw hole, and the screw hole is provided with a locking bolt 31. The height of the soil covering rake 28 can be adjusted by loosening the locking bolt 31. The connecting arm 32 is hinged with the frame 1 to ensure that the soil covering rake 28 is adapted to different terrains. The soil covering rake 28 includes a frame body and two rows of rake rods 29 arranged at the lower end of the frame body. The rake rods 29 correspond to the sowing and fertilizing mechanism 18 one by one.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed and fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops, characterized by: The seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops comprises a frame, a walking wheel arranged at the lower end of the frame, a traction bar arranged at the front end of the frame, a seed trough arranged at the top of the frame, a fertilizer trough arranged at the top of the frame, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism arranged at the front side of the lower end of the frame, a sowing and fertilizing mechanism arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame, a soil covering rake arranged at the rear side of the lower end of the frame, and a soil covering iron chain connected to the rear side of the soil covering rake, a seed dropping port is arranged at the lower end of the seed trough, a seed feeder is arranged at the lower end of the seed dropping port, the seed feeder is connected to the seed dropping rotating shaft, a fertilizer dropping port is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer trough, a fertilizer feeder is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer dropping port, and the fertilizer feeder is connected to the seed dropping rotating shaft. The fertilizer dropping shaft is connected, the walking wheel is connected with the seed dropping shaft and the fertilizer dropping shaft through a transmission mechanism, a seed dropping pipe is arranged below the seed feeder, a fertilizer dropping pipe is arranged below the fertilizer feeder, the lower end outlet of the seed dropping pipe and the lower end outlet of the fertilizer dropping pipe are connected with the sowing and fertilizing mechanism, the covering rake is located at the rear side of the sowing and fertilizing mechanism behind the frame; the sowing and fertilizing mechanism includes an upright fertilizer dropping cylinder and an upright seed dropping cylinder arranged at the rear side of the fertilizer dropping cylinder, the lower end of the fertilizer dropping pipe extends into the upper end port of the fertilizer dropping cylinder, the lower end of the seed dropping pipe extends into the upper end port of the seed dropping cylinder, The lower end outlet of the fertilizer drop cylinder is provided with a slotted shovel, and the lower end outlet of the seed drop cylinder is provided with a pre-soil covering shovel; the rear side of the seed drop cylinder is fixedly connected with a transverse hinged arm, the hinged arm is hinged to the frame, the hinged arm is provided with an upright through hole, an upright screw rod passes through a nut, a gasket, a spring, a cushion block, the through hole of the hinged arm, the frame and another nut in sequence downward, and a gap is left between the screw rod and the inner wall of the through hole; it also includes a seeding amount adjustment mechanism, the seeding amount adjustment mechanism includes an internal threaded cylinder connected to the frame, an adjustment shaft passing through the internal threaded cylinder and an adjustment handwheel fixedly arranged at one end of the adjustment shaft, the other end of the adjustment shaft is connected to the seed drop cylinder The rotating shaft is rotatably connected, and a horizontal feeding impeller is arranged in the seed feeder, and the left and right ends of the feeding impeller extend to the left and right sides of the seed feeder, and a plurality of feeding blades are evenly arranged on the middle outer circumference of the feeding impeller, and the gap between two adjacent feeding blades gradually decreases from left to right; the transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket connected to the walking wheel through a shaft, a passive sprocket connected to the upper side of the frame, a chain connected between the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket, a first gear connected to the fertilizer feeding shaft, a third gear connected to the seed feeding shaft and a second gear meshed between the first gear and the third gear, and the passive sprocket is connected to the fertilizer feeding shaft.

2. The seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the frame are provided with a plurality of sowing and fertilizing mechanisms, and corresponding to these sowing and fertilizing mechanisms, the lower end of the seed trough is provided with a plurality of seed dropping openings, and the lower end of each seed dropping opening is provided with a seed feeder, and in the two seed feeding pipes below two adjacent seed feeders, one seed feeding pipe extends into the seed dropping cylinder on the front side of the frame, and the other seed feeding pipe extends into the seed dropping cylinder on the rear side of the frame, and the lower end of the fertilizer trough is provided with a plurality of fertilizer dropping openings, and the lower end of each fertilizer dropping opening is provided with a fertilizer feeder, and in the two fertilizer feeding pipes below two adjacent fertilizer feeders, one fertilizer feeding pipe extends into the fertilizer dropping cylinder on the front side of the frame, and the other fertilizer feeding pipe extends into the fertilizer dropping cylinder on the rear side of the frame.

3. The seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer drop cylinder is fixedly connected to the seed drop cylinder via a connecting piece.

4. The seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting arm is hinged at the rear end of the frame, a sleeve is connected to the rear end of the connecting arm, a vertical pole is fixedly connected to the top of the soil covering rake, the vertical pole is inserted into the sleeve, a screw hole is arranged on the side of the sleeve, and a locking bolt is arranged in the screw hole.

5. The seed-fertilizer separation seeder suitable for small-grain crops according to claim 4, characterized in that: The soil covering rake comprises a frame and two rows of rake rods arranged at the lower end of the frame, and the rake rods correspond to the sowing and fertilizing mechanisms one by one.

Images