A belt sander

Abstract

The invention discloses a belt sander, which relates to the field of grinding technology and solves the problems of low belt replacement efficiency and low automation of existing belt sanders. The belt sander of the invention mainly includes a belt sander body, a replacement matching mechanism and a driving device. The driving device drives the belt sander body and the replacement matching mechanism to move closer and farther, so that the belt sander can be quickly replaced. The belt sander has high replacement efficiency, high automation, and is convenient to replace. It does not need to be carried out at the working point, and does not affect production and processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding, in particular to a belt grinding machine. Background Art

[0002] The belt sander is a commonly used grinding and polishing equipment. The belt sander includes a sanding belt, which is a consumable part and needs to be replaced frequently. At the same time, due to the different grinding and polishing precision processes and requirements, different sanding belts need to be replaced frequently. Therefore, in the operation of the belt sander, replacing the sanding belt is a very frequent thing.

[0003] The existing sanding belt machines mainly replace the sanding belt manually. Workers remove the original sanding belt and replace it with a new one. The whole replacement process is cumbersome and inefficient. Moreover, the replacement must be done at the work site, which is inconvenient and sometimes affects production. It is also not in line with the current trend of fully automatic production.

[0004] In addition, the surface shape, position, size, etc. of the existing devices to be ground and polished are often not constant and consistent. Therefore, it is difficult to use a set of procedures for batch processing to achieve grinding and polishing by a belt sander. In order to adapt to these inconsistencies, it is of great significance to provide a floating belt sander with adjustable and constant floating pressure for grinding and polishing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a sanding belt machine to solve the problems of low efficiency and low automation of sanding belt replacement in the sanding belt machine.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A belt sander, comprising:

[0008] The belt sander body comprises a frame, a driving motor and a first cylinder are arranged on the frame, a driving wheel driven to rotate by the driving motor is arranged on the driving motor, a piston rod of the first cylinder is arranged in a direction away from the driving wheel and a driven wheel is arranged at the end, and a sanding belt is sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel;

[0009] The replacement matching mechanism comprises a frame body, a limit plate is arranged on the frame body, and two through holes are formed on the limit plate, one of which is matched with a driving wheel abutment sleeve, and the other through hole is matched with a driven wheel abutment sleeve. The diameter of the driving wheel abutment sleeve is greater than or equal to the diameter of the driving wheel, and the driving wheel abutment sleeve has an outer end surface that can abut against the end surface of the driving wheel, and the diameter of the driven wheel abutment sleeve is greater than or equal to the diameter of the driven wheel, and the driven wheel abutment sleeve has an outer end surface that can abut against the end surface of the driven wheel, and elastic members are respectively arranged between the inner ends of the driving wheel abutment sleeve and the driven wheel abutment sleeve and the frame body so that the driving wheel abutment sleeve and the driven wheel abutment sleeve partially extend out of the outer side surface of the limit plate and can be retracted when subjected to force, and the driving wheel abutment sleeve and the driven wheel abutment sleeve are sleeved with a replaceable sanding belt;

[0010] A driving device is connected to the frame or the frame body, and is used to drive the sanding machine body and the replacement matching mechanism to move closer or farther away, so that when the driving wheel and the driven wheel squeeze the driving wheel abutment sleeve and the driven wheel abutment sleeve respectively, the driving wheel abutment sleeve and the driven wheel abutment sleeve can be retracted, and the replacement sanding belt can be sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, a tensioning wheel is also arranged on the frame, and the tensioning wheel is located between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, a dust cover is provided on the sanding machine body, the dust cover is provided outside the driving wheel, the driven wheel and the sanding belt, the bottom of the dust cover is open, and a dust outlet is provided on the dust cover;

[0013] The dust cover is provided with an opening and closing plate at the side facing the changing and fitting mechanism when the driving sanding machine body is close to the changing and fitting mechanism, the top of the opening and closing plate is hinged to the top edge of the dust cover, the other top edge of the dust cover is hinged to the second cylinder, an L-shaped rod is provided between the top of the opening and closing plate and the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder, one end of the L-shaped rod is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving device is a manipulator, and an axial constant force floating device is provided between the driving device and the frame;

[0015] Or the driving device is a manipulator, the frame is further provided with a mounting frame, the driving wheel, the driving motor and the first cylinder are mounted on the mounting frame, and an axial constant force floating device is provided between the mounting frame and the frame.

[0016] Furthermore, an axial constant force floating device is provided between the tensioning wheel and the frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the axial constant force floating device includes a floating shaft, a constant pressure outer cylinder, a constant pressure inner cylinder and a floating piston, the constant pressure inner cylinder and the floating piston are respectively sleeved on the outside of the floating shaft, the constant pressure outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the constant pressure inner cylinder and the floating piston, a chamber is formed between the constant pressure outer cylinder and the constant pressure inner cylinder, one end of the floating piston is fixedly connected to the floating shaft, and the other end is located in the chamber and divides the chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, a first air inlet and a second air inlet are provided on the side wall of the constant pressure outer cylinder, the first air inlet is connected to the first chamber, and the second air inlet is connected to the second chamber;

[0018] When the axial constant force floating device is arranged between the driving device and the frame, the driving device is fixedly connected to the top of the constant pressure outer cylinder or the constant pressure inner cylinder, and the frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft;

[0019] When the axial constant force floating device is arranged between the frame and the mounting frame, the frame is fixedly connected to the top of the constant pressure outer cylinder or the constant pressure inner cylinder, and the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft;

[0020] When the axial constant force floating device is arranged between the tensioning wheel and the frame, the frame is fixedly connected to the top of the constant pressure outer cylinder or the constant pressure inner cylinder, and the tensioning wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft.

[0021] Furthermore, a linear guide mechanism is provided between the floating shaft and the constant-pressure inner cylinder body, and the linear guide mechanism allows only axial linear motion to be performed between the floating shaft and the constant-pressure inner cylinder body.

[0022] Furthermore, the linear guide mechanism includes: a first slide groove arranged on the outer wall of the floating shaft, a second slide groove arranged on the inner wall of the constant pressure inner cylinder body and opposite to the first slide groove, and a plurality of rolling bodies arranged in the first slide groove and the second slide groove, and the rolling bodies are spheres.

[0023] Furthermore, the axial constant force floating device also includes a protective dust cover, and the protective dust cover is sleeved on the outside of the floating piston and the floating shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, a displacement sensor for measuring the displacement of the floating shaft is provided on the constant pressure outer cylinder and / or the floating shaft.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention provides a belt sander, which can realize the rapid replacement of the belt sander by setting a belt sander body, a replacement matching mechanism and a driving device. The belt sander has high replacement efficiency, high degree of automation, convenient replacement, no need to be carried out at the working point, and does not affect production and processing;

[0027] 2. By setting up an axial constant force floating device, it is possible to achieve an axial constant force effect on the processing device, thereby achieving a constant force effect, protecting the device, and improving the precision. It is possible to achieve an axial constant force effect on the processing device, thereby achieving a constant force effect, protecting the device, and improving the precision. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a belt sander body from one viewing angle in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a belt sander body from one viewing angle in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of a viewing angle of the belt sander body in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of a viewing angle of the belt sander body in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the exchange matching mechanism in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the axial constant force floating device in one direction in Example 1 (extended state);

[0036] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the axial constant force floating device in one direction in Example 1 (extended state);

[0037] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view of the axial constant force floating device in one direction in Example 1 (contracted state);

[0038] Fig.10 It is a partial schematic diagram of a belt sander body from one perspective according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 This preferred embodiment provides a sanding machine, which mainly includes a sanding machine body, a replacement matching mechanism and a driving device 3.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The belt sander body includes a frame 11, on which a driving motor 14 and a first cylinder 15 are fixedly arranged, and a driving wheel 12 driven to rotate by the driving motor 14 is arranged on the driving motor 14, and a piston rod of the first cylinder 15 is arranged in a direction away from the driving wheel 12 and a driven wheel 13 is arranged at the end, that is, the first cylinder 15 is located between the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13, and a sanding belt 16 is sleeved on the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13. During implementation, the driving motor 14 drives the driving wheel 12 to rotate, and the driving wheel 12 rotates to pull the sanding belt 16 and drive the driven wheel 13 to rotate. The sanding belt 16 runs under the action of the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13, and when the object to be polished and polished contacts the sanding belt 16, polishing and polishing can be achieved. A first cylinder 15 is provided. When the piston rod of the first cylinder 15 is extended, the driven wheel 13 can be moved away from the driving wheel 12 to tighten the sand belt 16. When the piston rod of the first cylinder 15 is retracted, the driven wheel 13 can be moved toward the driving wheel 12 to loosen the sand belt 16. When the sand belt 16 is loosened, the sand belt 16 can be separated from the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 by manual removal, tilting and / or shaking.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6The replacement matching mechanism includes a frame 21, a limit plate 22 is provided on the frame 21, and two through holes are provided on the limit plate 22, one of which is matched with a driving wheel abutting sleeve 23, and the other is matched with a driven wheel abutting sleeve 24. The diameter of the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 is slightly larger than the diameter of the driven wheel 13, and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 has an outer end surface that can abut against the end surface of the driven wheel 13. Elastic members 25 are respectively provided between the inner ends of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 and the frame 21 so that the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 partially extend out of the outer side of the limit plate 22 and can retract when subjected to force. In this preferred embodiment, a fixing plate 27 parallel to the limiting plate 22 is provided on the frame 21, and the elastic member 25 is in the form of a spring column, including a spring column sleeve 251 fixedly arranged on the side of the fixing plate 27 facing the limiting plate 22, the spring column sleeve 251 is provided with a sliding groove facing the limiting plate 22, and a spring column 252 is matched and inserted in the sliding groove, and the inner ends of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are respectively provided with connecting plates 253, and the connecting plate 253 is fixedly provided with a connecting sleeve 254 on the side facing the spring column sleeve 251, and the connecting sleeve 254 is open at one end facing the spring column sleeve 251, and a spring 255 is sleeved on the spring column 252, and one end of the spring 255 abuts against the spring column sleeve 251, and the other end abuts against the connecting sleeve 254. By providing the elastic member 25, when the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are compressed, they can be retracted inwards, and when the force is released, they can return to their original state (extend). In a preferred embodiment, when the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are compressed and retracted, their outer end faces are flush with the outer side surface of the limiting plate 22. The driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are sleeved with a replacement abrasive belt 28. Since the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are respectively matched and arranged on the two through holes of the limiting plate 22, and the replacement abrasive belt 28 has a certain thickness, when the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are retracted under force, the replacement abrasive belt 28 will not move under the support and limitation of the outer side wall of the limiting plate 22.

[0044] The diameter of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 is slightly larger than the diameter of the driving wheel 12, and the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 has an outer end surface that can abut against the end surface of the driving wheel 12. Specifically, when the outer end surface of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 is open, the outer diameter of the end surface of the driving wheel 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and smaller than the outer diameter of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23, so that when the driving wheel 12 and the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 are close to each other, the end surface of the driving wheel 12 can act on the outer end surface of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and squeeze the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 inward, or When the outer end surface of the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 is in a sealed form, the outer diameter of the end surface of the driving wheel 12 is smaller than the outer diameter of the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23, so that when the driving wheel 12 and the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 are close to each other, the end surface of the driving wheel 12 can act on the outer end surface of the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 and squeeze the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 inward; and when the driving wheel 12 squeezes the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 inward to retract the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23, the driving wheel 12 does not contact the replacement abrasive belt 28, or the driving wheel 12 does not squeeze the replacement abrasive belt 28 from the side. The diameter of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 is slightly larger than the diameter of the driven wheel 13 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 has an outer end face that can abut against the end face of the driven wheel 13. Specifically, when the outer end face of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 is open, the outer diameter of the end face of the driven wheel 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 and smaller than the outer diameter of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24, so that when the driven wheel 13 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 are close to each other, the end face of the driven wheel 13 can act on the outer end face of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 and squeeze the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 inward, or When the outer end face of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 is in a sealed form, the outer diameter of the end face of the driven wheel 13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24, so that when the driven wheel 13 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 approach each other, the end face of the driven wheel 13 can act on the outer end face of the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 and squeeze the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 inward; and when the driven wheel 13 squeezes the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 inward to retract the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24, the driven wheel 13 does not contact the replacement abrasive belt 28, or the driven wheel 13 does not squeeze the replacement abrasive belt 28 from the side.

[0045] The driving device 3 is connected to one of the frame 11 or the frame 21 to drive the sanding machine body and the changing and matching mechanism to move closer or farther. When the driving device 3 drives one of the sanding machine body and the changing and matching mechanism, the other is fixed. When the driving device 3 is a linear driving mechanism, the driving wheel 12 and the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 are relatively arranged, and the driven wheel 13 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are relatively arranged, so that when the driving device 3 drives the sanding machine body or the changing and matching mechanism to move linearly, the driving wheel 12 can squeeze the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and retract it, and the driven wheel 13 can squeeze the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 and retract it. Of course, the drive device 3 can also be in other forms. For example, in the preferred embodiment, the drive device 3 is a manipulator. The manipulator-type drive device 3 can realize multi-angle and multi-form movement, so there is no need to limit the initial position of the sanding machine body and the replacement matching mechanism. However, if the active wheel 12 is to squeeze the active wheel abutment sleeve 23 to retract, and the driven wheel 13 is to squeeze the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 to retract, then in this squeezing process, the manipulator still needs to drive one of the sanding machine body and the replacement matching mechanism to move linearly, and the other is fixed. In the preferred embodiment, the drive device 3 is a manipulator, and the drive device 3 is connected to the frame 11 that drives the sanding machine body. On the one hand, it can drive the sanding machine body to move closer to or away from the replacement matching mechanism, and on the other hand, it can also drive the sanding machine body to change the position of the sanding belt 16, thereby changing the grinding and polishing position. When the driving device 3 drives the sanding machine body and the replacement matching mechanism to approach each other, the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 can squeeze the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 respectively, so that the wheel abutment sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 can be retracted, and the replacement sanding belt 28 can be sleeved on the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13.

[0046] The implementation process of this preferred embodiment is as follows: when the sanding belt needs to be replaced, firstly, the first cylinder 15 is controlled to retract its piston rod so that the driven wheel 13 moves toward the direction close to the driving wheel 12 to loosen the sanding belt 16. After the sanding belt 16 is loosened, the manipulator-type driving device 3 can realize the tilting and / or shaking of the sanding belt machine body so that the sanding belt 16 is separated from the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 and falls off. Then the driving device 3 drives the sanding belt machine body to approach the direction of the replacement matching mechanism and allows the driving wheel 12 to squeeze the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23, and the driven wheel 13 to squeeze the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24, so that the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24 is retracted under the force. At this time, the replacement abrasive belt 28 does not move under the limiting effect of the limiting plate 22, but is sleeved on the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13. Then the first cylinder 15 extends its piston rod so that the driven wheel 13 moves away from the driving wheel 12, thereby tensioning the replacement abrasive belt 28, so that the replacement abrasive belt 28 can be securely sleeved on the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13. At this time, the replacement abrasive belt 28 becomes a new abrasive belt 16, and the driving device 3 drives the belt machine body away from the replacement matching mechanism and resets. The driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are relieved of force and extend and reset under the action of the elastic member 25, and the belt replacement is completed. After the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 are reset, a new replacement abrasive belt 28 can be sleeved to wait for the next replacement. Through the above method, the belt replacement is mainly completed by the machine, which is efficient and highly automated. The replacement does not need to be carried out at the work point, does not affect production, and helps to improve production efficiency.

[0047] In this preferred embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 5The frame 11 is also provided with a tensioning wheel 17, which is located between the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13. The abrasive belt 16 is sleeved on the tensioning wheel 17. The tensioning wheel 17 can be used to adjust the tension of the abrasive belt 16. Correspondingly, a tensioning wheel sleeve 26 is fixedly provided on the limit plate 22, and the outer end of the tensioning wheel sleeve 26 has a groove for the tensioning wheel 17 to be inserted. When the abrasive belt is replaced, due to the provision of the tensioning wheel 17, during the replacement process, when the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 squeeze the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 respectively, the tensioning wheel 17 may hit the replacement abrasive belt 28, making the replacement unsuccessful. At this time, a tensioning wheel sleeve 26 is fixedly provided on the limit plate 22, and correspondingly, the tensioning wheel sleeve 26 will stretch the replacement abrasive belt 28, and at this time, the tensioning wheel 17 will not hit the replacement abrasive belt 28, and a groove is provided at the outer end of the tensioning wheel sleeve 26. When the sanding machine body is close to the replacement matching mechanism, the tensioning wheel 17 will enter the groove and will not interfere with the replacement matching mechanism; when the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 squeeze the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24, so that the replacement abrasive belt 28 is sleeved on the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13, part of the replacement abrasive belt 28 is sleeved on the tensioning wheel sleeve 26, but because the extension of the piston rod of the first cylinder 15 can tension the replacement abrasive belt 28, and the part of the replacement abrasive belt 28 sleeved on the tensioning wheel sleeve 26 is small, the friction force is not large, which does not affect the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 to bring out the replacement abrasive belt 28, and does not affect the normal replacement.

[0048] It is worth noting that in the preferred embodiment, the tension wheel 17 is inserted into the groove of the outer end of the tension wheel sleeve 26. In some other preferred embodiments, the preferred scheme can also be adopted according to the specific form. For example, the limit plate 22 is hollowed out at the position opposite to the tension wheel 17, and when the tension wheel 17 approaches, it directly enters the hollow position without contacting the limit plate 22; or a through hole is opened on the limit plate 22, and a tension wheel sleeve 26 is matched in the through hole. The diameter of the tension wheel sleeve 26 is slightly larger than the diameter of the tension wheel 17, and the tension wheel sleeve 26 has an outer end face that can abut against the end face of the tension wheel 17. Elastic members 25 are respectively provided between the inner end of the tension wheel sleeve 26 and the frame 21 so that the tension wheel sleeve 26 partially extends out of the outer side surface of the limit plate 22 and can be received. The tension wheel sleeve 26 is retracted when force is applied, and the replacement abrasive belt 28 is sleeved on the tension wheel sleeve 26. At this time, the working form of the tension wheel sleeve 26 can refer to the working form of the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24. The elastic member 25 on the tension wheel sleeve 26 is consistent with the elastic member 25 on the driving wheel abutting sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutting sleeve 24 in structure and installation form. When the tension wheel 17 squeezes the tension wheel sleeve 26, the tension wheel sleeve 26 retracts, and the replacement abrasive belt 28 is sleeved on the tension wheel 17. When the force is released, the tension wheel sleeve 26 is reset and extended under the action of the elastic member 25.

[0049] In this preferred embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 5 , the tension wheel 17 is lower than the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13, and the tension wheel 17 is tensioned downward. In other preferred embodiments, the position and height of the tension wheel 17 can be set according to different usage scenarios, such as the tension wheel 17 is higher than the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13, or the tension wheel 17 is temporarily not in contact with the sand belt 16, and the tension wheel 17 is in contact with the sand belt 16 only when the sand belt 16 contacts and presses the sand belt 16 during use, and the tensioning effect is achieved at this time.

[0050] A dust cover 18 is provided on the belt sander body, and the dust cover 18 is installed and fixed on the frame 11. The dust cover 18 is provided outside the driving wheel 12, the driven wheel 13 and the sanding belt 16. The bottom of the dust cover 18 is open. At this time, the sanding belt 16 at the bottom is used as the main processing position. The dust cover 18 can temporarily gather the dust generated by grinding and polishing in the protective cover 18, which can effectively prevent the dust from spreading. A dust outlet 19 is provided on the dust cover 18, and the dust outlet 19 can be connected to a dust suction device so that the dust can be sucked out, thereby further reducing dust pollution.

[0051] When the driving belt sander body is close to the changing and fitting mechanism, an opening and closing plate 110 is provided on the side of the dust cover 18 facing the changing and fitting mechanism. The top of the opening and closing plate 110 is hinged to the top edge of the dust cover 18, and the other edge of the top of the dust cover 18 is hinged to the second cylinder 111. An L-shaped rod 112 is provided between the top of the opening and closing plate 110 and the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder 111. One end of the L-shaped rod 112 is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder 111, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing plate 110. When processing is in progress, the opening and closing plate 110 is closed to reduce dust pollution. When changing the equipment, the opening and closing plate 110 needs to be opened so that the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13 can respectively abut against the driving wheel abutment sleeve 23 and the driven wheel abutment sleeve 24. At this time, the second cylinder 111 is controlled, and the piston rod of the second cylinder 111 retracts to drive the opening and closing plate 110 to be lifted, so as not to block the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel 13. During processing, the piston rod of the second cylinder 111 extends, and can drive the opening and closing plate 110 to close, so that the dust cover 18 is relatively closed.

[0052] In this preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The driving device 3 is a manipulator, and a mounting frame 113 is also provided on the frame 11. The driving wheel 12, the driving motor 14 and the first cylinder 15 are installed on the mounting frame 113. An axial constant force floating device 4 is provided between the mounting frame 113 and the frame 11. The axial constant force floating device is provided to realize the axial floating of the floating shaft, and the pressure is constant within the floating formation range, so that constant force floating can be realized, and constant force floating grinding can be realized.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 7 to 9 In a preferred embodiment, the axial constant force floating device 4 includes a floating shaft 41, a constant pressure outer cylinder body 42, a constant pressure inner cylinder body 43 and a floating piston 44. The constant pressure inner cylinder body 43 and the floating piston 44 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the floating shaft 41, and the constant pressure outer cylinder body 42 is sleeved on the outside of the constant pressure inner cylinder body 43 and the floating piston 44. A chamber is formed between the constant pressure outer cylinder body 42 and the constant pressure inner cylinder body 43. One end of the floating piston 44 is fixedly connected to the floating shaft 41, and the other end is located in the chamber and divides the chamber into a first chamber 45 and a second chamber 46. A first air inlet 47 and a second air inlet 48 are provided on the side wall of the constant pressure outer cylinder body 42. The first air inlet 47 is connected to the first chamber 45, and the second air inlet 48 is connected to the second chamber 46. In this preferred embodiment, the top of the constant pressure inner cylinder 43 has an outward flange and is connected to the top of the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 to form a chamber, the frame 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the constant pressure inner cylinder 43, and the mounting frame 113 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft 41.

[0054] During implementation, air is inflated into the first chamber 45 or the second chamber 46 through the first air inlet 47 or the second air inlet 48. When air is inflated into the first chamber 45 through the first air inlet 47, the floating piston 44 is moved toward the second chamber 46 by the air flow. Since the floating piston 44 is fixedly connected to the floating shaft 41, the floating piston 44 drives the floating shaft 41 to move together, and the floating shaft 41 is in an extended state (such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 ). When the airflow input into the first chamber 45 is constant, the floating piston 44 is subjected to a constant force, so the force transmitted to the floating shaft 41 by the floating piston 44 is constant, that is, the so-called axial constant force floating. When the second chamber 46 is inflated through the second air inlet 48, the floating piston 44 is moved toward the first chamber 45 by the airflow, and the floating piston 44 drives the floating shaft 41 to move together, and the floating shaft 41 is in a retracted state (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Fig. 9 As shown). When the airflow input into the second chamber 46 is constant, the force on the floating piston 44 is constant, so the force transmitted to the floating shaft 41 through the floating piston 44 is also constant. It is worth noting that since the floating piston 44 can move in the chamber formed by the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 and the constant pressure inner cylinder 43, the boundary between the first chamber 45 and the second chamber 46 is not clearly defined. In addition, it is also worth noting that the floating piston 44 and the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 are not necessarily completely secret, so when the first air inlet 47 inflates the first chamber 45, the gas can also be discharged through the gap between the floating piston 44 and the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 and the second air inlet 48; when the second air inlet 48 inflates the second chamber 46, the gas can also be discharged through the gap between the floating piston 44 and the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 and the first air inlet 47. Through the above-mentioned setting, axial constant force floating can be achieved. This constant force can be a constant downward force on the workpiece during operation, or a constant upward force on the workpiece. No matter which constant force is used, it can achieve the axial constant force effect on the processing device, thereby achieving the purpose of constant force effect, device protection, and improved precision. As in the present invention, the working surface is mainly arranged at the bottom of the grinding wheel body, so it mainly provides a constant downward force on the workpiece during operation. Through this constant force, the driving wheel 12, the driven wheel 13, the sanding belt 16, etc. are collectively pressed downward with constant force to achieve constant force grinding and polishing, so as to better adapt to the grinding and polishing of workpieces with non-constant and inconsistent surface shapes, positions, sizes, etc., and it is also convenient to carry out batch processing through a set of procedures.

[0055] For further information, please refer to Figures 7 to 9A linear guide mechanism is provided between the floating shaft 41 and the constant pressure inner cylinder body 43, and the linear guide mechanism allows only axial linear motion between the floating shaft 41 and the constant pressure inner cylinder body 43. Preferably, the linear guide mechanism includes: a first slide groove provided on the outer surface of the floating shaft 41, a second slide groove provided on the inner surface of the constant pressure inner cylinder body 43 and opposite to the first slide groove, and a plurality of rolling bodies 49 provided in the first slide groove and the second slide groove. Preferably, the first slide groove and the second slide groove are circular slide grooves, and the rolling body 49 is a sphere, preferably a steel ball. The design of the circular slide groove and the sphere can reduce the friction between the rolling body 49 and the inner wall of the first slide groove and the second slide groove, thereby increasing the service life of the axial constant force floating device. Through this preferred design, the floating shaft 41 can be further limited to only axial linear motion, and the smoothness of the axial linear motion is ensured.

[0056] In this preferred embodiment, a displacement sensor 410 for measuring the displacement of the floating shaft 41 is provided on the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 and the floating shaft 41 to measure the displacement of the floating shaft 41 .

[0057] Further, the floating shaft 41 is provided with a connecting piece 411 at one end (bottom end) connected to the floating piston 44, and an inclined surface is provided on the side of the constant pressure outer cylinder 42. One end of the displacement sensor 410 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 411. In this embodiment, the connecting piece 411 is a flange, that is, one end of the displacement sensor 410 is fixedly connected to the floating shaft 41 through the flange, and the other end is movably connected to the inclined surface of the constant pressure outer cylinder 42. The displacement sensor 410 is a strain type displacement sensor, and the displacement measurement is achieved through the change of the movable end of the displacement sensor 410. In this preferred embodiment, the connecting piece 411 is provided, so the mounting frame 113 is fixedly connected to the floating shaft 41 through the connecting piece 411.

[0058] It should be noted that the displacement sensor 410 used in this embodiment realizes displacement measurement based on the strain principle. In other preferred embodiments, it can be replaced by measuring elements based on other principles, such as optical sensors, wire displacement sensors, eddy current ranging sensors, etc. All changes to the displacement measurement sensor should be within the protection scope of this patent.

[0059] The axial constant force floating device is provided with a protective dust cover 412, one end of which is fixedly connected to the constant pressure outer cylinder 42, and wraps the floating piston 44 and the floating shaft 41 to protect the floating piston 44 and the floating shaft 41 from being damaged by external forces and to prevent external dust from entering the device to affect the use of the device. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, a connector 411 is provided on one end of the floating shaft 41, so that a relatively closed space is formed between the constant pressure outer cylinder 42, the protective dust cover 412 and the connector 411 to play a protective and dustproof role; but in other embodiments, when the connector 411 is not provided, the constant pressure outer cylinder 42, the protective dust cover 412 or some other integrated components can also form a relatively closed space to play a protective and dustproof role.

[0060] In this preferred embodiment, a force sensor 413 and an inclination sensor 414 are installed on the top end surface of the constant pressure inner cylinder 43. Since the force sensor 413 and the inclination sensor 414 are provided, the force sensor 413 and the inclination sensor 414 are provided between the frame 11 and the top of the constant pressure inner cylinder 43.

[0061] The force sensor 413 is used to detect the actual grinding force, and the inclination sensor 414 is used to measure the inclination angle of the axial constant force floating device relative to the horizontal plane. The weight of the floating shaft 41, the floating piston 44 and other components connected to the two (such as the grinding wheel machine body) is part of the axial force. When the present invention is at different inclination angles, these weights have different axial force components on the floating shaft 41. By measuring the inclination angle of the present invention through the inclination sensor 414, the influence of weight on the axial force can be obtained, and finally the pressure in the first chamber 45 or the second chamber 46 can be adjusted to ensure that the present invention always maintains the axial constant force of the floating shaft 41 in different postures. Adding the force sensor 413 can monitor the actual grinding force and feedback to the external control system to adjust the air pressure of the first chamber 45 and the second chamber 46 to maintain the axial constant force of the floating shaft 41.

[0062] It should be noted that the installation method of the force sensor 413 and the inclination sensor 414 used in this embodiment can be adjusted accordingly according to the specific structure of the floating shaft 41, the constant pressure outer cylinder 42, the constant pressure inner cylinder 43 and the floating piston 44. Any changes to the installation method of the force sensor 413 and the inclination sensor 414 should be within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The difference from Example 1 is that, please refer to Fig.10In this preferred embodiment, the axial constant force floating device 4 is arranged between the tension wheel 17 and the frame 11. At this time, the frame 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the constant pressure outer cylinder 42 (in the preferred embodiment, there are also force sensors 413 and inclination sensors 414 in the middle), and the tension wheel 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft 41 (there is also a connecting piece 411 in the middle). In a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate the connection, an L-shaped frame 415 is arranged between the tension wheel 17 and the bottom of the floating shaft 41. One end of the L-shaped frame 415 is fixedly connected to the tension wheel 17, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 411 at the bottom of the floating shaft 41. Through the above arrangement, when implemented, the constant force acting component of the axial constant force floating device 4 is the tension wheel 17, that is, the constant force adjustment of the tension wheel 17 is realized, thereby changing the downward pressure of the sand belt 16 at the tension wheel 17. When working, the sand belt 16 at the tension wheel 17 is used as the working surface, and constant force grinding and polishing are achieved by acting on the tension wheel 17 with constant force. This method only needs to adjust the tension wheel 17 to achieve constant force adjustment, and the implementation method is simple and efficient. It is worth noting that in this preferred embodiment, the limit plate 22 is provided with a tension wheel sleeve 26 for the tension wheel 17 to enter. In other preferred embodiments, it is also preferred to adopt the method in which the limit plate 22 introduced in Example 1 is hollowed out at the position relative to the tension wheel 17, and the tension wheel 17 directly enters the hollow position without contacting the limit plate 22 when approaching, or the method of setting a retractable and retractable tension wheel sleeve 26 introduced in Example 1 is adopted to achieve the coordination between the tension wheel 17 and the replacement coordination mechanism.

[0065] In some other preferred embodiments, the driving device 3 is a manipulator, and the axial constant force floating device 4 is arranged between the driving device 3 and the frame 11, thereby driving the entire belt sander body to achieve axial constant force floating.

[0066] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A belt sander, characterized in that: Included are: A belt sander body, comprising a frame (11), the frame (11) being provided with a driving motor (14) and a first cylinder (15), the driving motor (14) being provided with a driving wheel (12) driven to rotate by the driving motor (14), the piston rod of the first cylinder (15) being arranged in a direction away from the driving wheel (12) and being provided with a driven wheel (13) at the end thereof, and the driving wheel (12) and the driven wheel (13) being sleeved with a sanding belt (16); The replacement matching mechanism comprises a frame (21), a limiting plate (22) is arranged on the frame (21), two through holes are provided on the limiting plate (22), a driving wheel abutting sleeve (23) is matched and arranged in one of the through holes, and a driven wheel abutting sleeve (24) is matched and arranged in the other through hole, the diameter of the driving wheel abutting sleeve (23) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the driving wheel (12), and the driving wheel abutting sleeve (23) has an outer end surface that can abut against the end surface of the driving wheel (12), and the diameter of the driven wheel abutting sleeve (24) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the driving wheel (12). The driven wheel (13) has a diameter and the driven wheel abutting sleeve (24) has an outer end surface capable of abutting against the end surface of the driven wheel (13); elastic members (25) are respectively provided between the inner ends of the driving wheel abutting sleeve (23) and the driven wheel abutting sleeve (24) and the frame (21) so that the driving wheel abutting sleeve (23) and the driven wheel abutting sleeve (24) partially extend out of the outer side surface of the limiting plate (22) and can be retracted when subjected to force; and a replaceable sanding belt (28) is sleeved on the driving wheel abutting sleeve (23) and the driven wheel abutting sleeve (24); A driving device (3) is connected to the frame (11) or the frame body (21) and is used to drive the sanding machine body and the replacement matching mechanism to move closer or farther away, so that when the driving wheel (12) and the driven wheel (13) respectively squeeze the driving wheel abutment sleeve (23) and the driven wheel abutment sleeve (24), the driving wheel abutment sleeve (23) and the driven wheel abutment sleeve (24) can be retracted, and the replacement sanding belt (28) can be sleeved on the driving wheel (12) and the driven wheel (13).

2. The belt sander according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (11) is also provided with a tensioning wheel (17), and the tensioning wheel (17) is located between the driving wheel (12) and the driven wheel (13).

3. The belt sander according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt sander body is provided with a dust cover (18), the dust cover (18) is provided outside the driving wheel (12), the driven wheel (13) and the sanding belt (16), the bottom of the dust cover (18) is open, and a dust outlet (19) is provided on the dust cover (18); The dust cover (18) is provided with an opening and closing plate (110) at the side of the driving belt sander body facing the changing and fitting mechanism when the driving belt sander body is close to the changing and fitting mechanism; the top of the opening and closing plate (110) is hinged to the top edge of the dust cover (18); the other edge of the top of the dust cover (18) is hinged to a second cylinder (111); an L-shaped rod (112) is provided between the top of the opening and closing plate (110) and the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder (111); one end of the L-shaped rod (112) is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder (111), and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing plate (110).

4. The belt sander according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (3) is a manipulator, and an axial constant force floating device (4) is provided between the driving device (3) and the frame (11); Or the driving device (3) is a manipulator, the frame (11) is further provided with a mounting frame (113), the driving wheel (12), the driving motor (14) and the first cylinder (15) are mounted on the mounting frame (113), and an axial constant force floating device (4) is provided between the mounting frame (113) and the frame (11).

5. The belt sander according to claim 2, characterized in that: An axial constant force floating device (4) is provided between the tension wheel (17) and the frame (11).

6. The belt sander according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The axial constant force floating device (4) comprises a floating shaft (41), a constant pressure outer cylinder (42), a constant pressure inner cylinder (43) and a floating piston (44), wherein the constant pressure inner cylinder (43) and the floating piston (44) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the floating shaft (41), the constant pressure outer cylinder (42) is sleeved on the outside of the constant pressure inner cylinder (43) and the floating piston (44), and a chamber is formed between the constant pressure outer cylinder (42) and the constant pressure inner cylinder (43). , one end of the floating piston (44) is fixedly connected to the floating shaft (41), and the other end is located in the chamber and divides the chamber into a first chamber (45) and a second chamber (46); a first air inlet (47) and a second air inlet (48) are provided on the side wall of the constant pressure outer cylinder (42); the first air inlet (47) is connected to the first chamber (45), and the second air inlet (48) is connected to the second chamber (46); When the axial constant-force floating device (4) is arranged between the driving device (3) and the frame (11), the driving device (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the constant-pressure outer cylinder (42) or the constant-pressure inner cylinder (43), and the frame (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft (41); When the axial constant force floating device (4) is arranged between the frame (11) and the mounting frame (113), the frame (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the constant pressure outer cylinder (42) or the constant pressure inner cylinder (43), and the mounting frame (113) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft (41); When the axial constant-force floating device (4) is arranged between the tensioning wheel (17) and the frame (11), the frame (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the constant-pressure outer cylinder (42) or the constant-pressure inner cylinder (43), and the tensioning wheel (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating shaft (41).

7. The belt sander according to claim 6, characterized in that: A linear guide mechanism is provided between the floating shaft (41) and the constant-pressure inner cylinder body (43), and the linear guide mechanism allows only axial linear motion to be performed between the floating shaft (41) and the constant-pressure inner cylinder body (43).

8. The belt sander according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linear guide mechanism comprises: a first slide groove provided on the outer wall of the floating shaft (41), a second slide groove provided on the inner wall of the constant pressure inner cylinder (43) and opposite to the first slide groove, and a plurality of rolling bodies (49) provided in the first slide groove and the second slide groove, wherein the rolling bodies (49) are spheres.

9. The belt sander according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axial constant force floating device (4) further comprises a protective dust cover (412), wherein the protective dust cover (412) is sleeved on the outside of the floating piston (44) and the floating shaft (41).

10. The belt sander according to claim 6, characterized in that: The constant-pressure outer cylinder (42) and / or the floating shaft (41) is provided with a displacement sensor (410) for measuring the displacement of the floating shaft (41).

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