A guide rail mechanism for restraining the rotation of a brake pad support and a clamp brake device equipped with the mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to a guide rail mechanism for constraining the rotation of a brake pad holder and a clamp brake device equipped with the mechanism, belonging to the field of vehicle brake technology. The mechanism includes a guide rail seat and a connecting rod. Guide rails extend from both sides of the mounting portion of the guide rail seat. The guide rails have guide grooves that form a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod slides with the guide rail groove on the same side, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the brake pad holder on the same side hinged on one end of the lever. The trajectory of the guide groove is an arc trajectory with the lever fulcrum as one of the obtuse-angle vertices, the line connecting the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin of the brake pad holder on the same side as one side, the other acute-angle vertex of the parallelogram as the center of the circle, and the distance from the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin of the brake pad holder on the same side as the radius. The present invention makes it easy to implement and control the translation process of the brake pad holder driven by the connecting rod, without generating additional torque or motion interference, and it is easy to ensure rigidity, thereby more effectively avoiding uneven wear of the brake pad.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a guide rail mechanism for restraining the rotation of a brake shoe support, and also relates to a clamp brake device equipped with the guide rail mechanism, belonging to the technical field of vehicle braking. Background Art

[0002] The basic structure of a caliper brake system consists of a lever hinged on either side of the caliper body. A brake cylinder is mounted between the two levers, and a brake pad holder is hinged to the other end via a vertical pin. Brake pads secured to the pad holders face the brake disc mounted on the wheel or axle. When the brake cylinder extends, the levers drive the brake pads on both pad holders to simultaneously contact the brake disc, achieving braking. However, because the pad holders are free to pivot about the vertical pins and are unconstrained, deflection of the pad holders can cause the two brake pads to become non-parallel with the brake disc during vehicle operation, braking, or cornering. This can lead to partial contact or collision between the pads and the disc, resulting in uneven wear of the pads. This significantly shortens the service life of the brake pads and seriously affects the braking effectiveness and vehicle safety.

[0003] To address this issue, the article "Analysis of the 4-Point Compact Brake Caliper Unit Anti-Wear Mechanism" published on pages 6-7 of the December 2018 issue of "Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology" describes various anti-wear mechanisms. These existing anti-wear mechanisms all have different characteristics and anti-wear principles, but in actual use, the anti-wear effect is not very ideal. The guide rail-type anti-wear mechanism described in 1.3 has a guide rail fixedly mounted on the brake caliper unit. Two winding guide rail connecting rods arranged in an "X" shape are mounted on one end of the left and right brake pad holders, respectively. Nylon sliders are installed on the other ends of the guide rail connecting rods to facilitate sliding of the guide rails. During vehicle braking, the left and right brake pad holders move inward. Driven by the brake pad holders, the guide rail connecting rods move along the fixed track of the guide rails, allowing the brake pad holders to drive the brake pads to clamp the brake disc, completing the braking operation. During normal operation of the vehicle, the guide rail connecting rod connected to the brake pad support is restricted by the fixed track of the guide rail, thereby preventing the brake pad from being unevenly worn during the operation of the vehicle.

[0004] However, practice has shown that this existing guide rail type anti-bias wear mechanism, because the track that constrains the swinging freedom of the brake pad holder is located on the other side of the constrained brake pad holder, inevitably results in a winding guide rail connecting rod to achieve the connection between the track and the constrained brake pad holder, and the two guide rail connecting rods must be arranged in a cross-shaped arrangement. This "reverse constraint" brake pad holder anti-bias wear mechanism makes the design and manufacture of the guide rail connecting rod and the guide rail track curve very complex and troublesome, and occupies a relatively large space. Moreover, because the two guide rail connecting rods must be arranged in an "X" shape, they cannot be interchanged. In addition, sufficient clearance must be ensured between the two connecting rods after assembly to avoid interference during vehicle braking and vehicle operation, making assembly difficult. Furthermore, the applicant found that this anti-bias wear mechanism, because the direction of the restraining force exerted by the guide rail on the connecting rod end is significantly deviated from the associated brake pad holder, it generates additional torque on the brake pad holder when constraining its rotation, which is not conducive to maintaining the parallelism of the brake pad holder. Moreover, the narrow and long guide rail connecting rod is easily deformed by external forces, further affecting the anti-bias wear function.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and to propose a guide rail mechanism for constraining the rotation of a brake pad holder, which does not generate additional torque, has a compact structure, and has ideal assembly processability, and further to provide a caliper brake device equipped with the guide rail mechanism, thereby ensuring that the brake pad on the brake pad holder is parallel to the braking surface (the part used for friction braking with the brake pad, i.e., the brake disc surface) of the brake disc mounted on the wheel or axle, thereby more effectively reducing or preventing eccentric wear of the brake pad caused by the rotation of the brake pad holder.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the applicant realized, based on in-depth research, that the ultimate goal of constraining the brake pad holder's swinging freedom is actually to enable it to always maintain translational motion during the braking process, like the connecting rod in a parallel four-bar linkage. To achieve this, on the one hand, it is necessary to appropriately constrain the brake pad holder extension parts such as the connecting rod so that their motion trajectory is basically consistent with the vertical pin axis at the brake pad holder's hinge; on the other hand, it is even more necessary to make the translation process of the connecting rod simpler, more stable and easier to control.

[0007] Based on this understanding, the applicant proposed the basic technical solution of the guide rail mechanism for constraining the rotation of the brake pad holder of the present invention: it includes a guide rail seat and a connecting rod, guide rails extend from both sides of the mounting part of the guide rail seat, and the guide rail has a guide groove that forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod slides with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the brake pad holder on the same side hinged on one end of the lever through a vertical pin shaft; the trajectory of the guide groove is a parallelogram with the lever fulcrum as one of the obtuse-angle vertices and the line connecting the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin shaft of the brake pad holder on the same side as one side, with the acute-angle vertex away from the center of the pin shaft as the center of the circle and the distance from the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin shaft of the brake pad holder on the same side as the radius.

[0008] In principle, the chord length of the guide groove is greater than or equal to the distance between two corresponding positions of one end of the connecting rod when the vertical pin moves between its two extreme positions.

[0009] The present invention is provided with a clamp brake device with a guide rail mechanism for constraining the rotation of the brake pad holder, including a pair of levers hinged in the middle on both sides of the clamp body, a brake cylinder is installed between one end of the two levers, and a brake pad holder is hinged on the other end through a vertical pin shaft; the clamp body is also provided with a guide rail seat for constraining the rotation of the brake pad holder, and guide rails extend from both sides of the mounting portion of the guide rail seat, and the guide rail has a guide groove forming a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the brake pad holder on the same side hinged on one end of the lever through a vertical pin shaft; the trajectory of the guide groove is an arc trajectory with an acute-angled vertex of a parallelogram as the center of the circle and a distance from the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin shaft of the brake pad holder on the same side as the radius.

[0010] The present invention is further improved in that:

[0011] The chord length of the guide groove is greater than or equal to the distance between two corresponding positions of one end of the connecting rod when the vertical pin moves between its two extreme positions.

[0012] The two adjacent sides of the acute angle of the parallelogram with the center of the vertical pin as the vertex are respectively formed by the line connecting the center of the vertical pin to the lever fulcrum and the line connecting the center of the vertical pin to one end of the connecting rod.

[0013] The guide rail seat is used to be connected to the bottom of the clamp body of the clamp brake device.

[0014] The mounting portion of the guide rail seat is composed of a support body with two spaced upper mounting platforms at one end; the support body is a solid or hollow structure.

[0015] The upper mounting platform is used to connect with the bottom of the caliper body of the caliper brake device.

[0016] The bottom edges of the vertically extending surfaces on the outer sides of the two upper mounting platforms of the mounting portion extend out of the guide rails respectively through reinforcing ribs.

[0017] The guide rail has a lower open guide groove which forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod.

[0018] The connecting rod is a bent piece, one end of which is provided with a cylindrical connecting column extending upward.

[0019] The connecting column is sleeved with an arc-shaped sliding block which is movably fitted thereon, and the connecting rod forms a cam pair with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side through the arc-shaped sliding block.

[0020] At least one of the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the arc-shaped sliding block is slidably matched with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side.

[0021] The other end of the connecting rod is also bent upward, and the front side of the upper portion of the bent portion forms a front mounting platform.

[0022] The other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the brake shoe support on the same side through the front mounting platform.

[0023] The brake shoe support is hingedly mounted on one end of the lever on the same side through a vertical pin shaft.

[0024] One end of the connecting rod directly forms a cam pair with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side through a connecting column fixedly connected or hinged thereto, and the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting column is slidably matched with the guide groove.

[0025] One end of the connecting rod forms a cam pair through a roller sleeved on the connecting column and a guide groove of the guide rail on the same side. The roller is dynamically matched with the connecting column, and its outer cylindrical surface is slidably matched with the guide groove.

[0026] The guide rail has a front open guide groove which forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod.

[0027] The connecting rod is in the shape of a plate, and a cylindrical connecting column is extended from one end thereof along the length direction, directly forming a cam pair with the front open guide groove of the guide rail.

[0028] The other end of the connecting rod extends along the length direction away from one end of the connecting column to form a front mounting platform, and the front mounting platform is fixedly connected to the brake shoe support on the same side.

[0029] The width of the other end of the connecting rod is greater than the width of the end thereof where the connecting column is provided.

[0030] A further improvement of the present invention is: a clamp braking device, comprising a pair of levers hinged in the middle on both sides of the clamp body, a brake cylinder is installed between one end of the two levers, and a brake pad support is hinged on the other end through a vertical pin shaft; it is characterized in that: the bottom of the clamp body is configured with a guide rail mechanism as described above to constrain the rotation of the brake pad support.

[0031] The present invention is further improved by:

[0032] During normal operation or before braking of the vehicle, one end of the connecting rod of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the brake shoe support from rotating is located at the outer end of the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side.

[0033] During braking, one end of the connecting rod of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder tends to move toward the inner end of the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side; when the brake pad and the corresponding brake disc surface on the same side of the lever are completely worn, one end of the connecting rod of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder is roughly in the middle of the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side.

[0034] The caliper brake device is a four-point hanging type brake caliper unit.

[0035] According to the mechanical principles, the present invention is essentially a "virtual" parallel four-bar linkage, in which the lever is essentially a "connecting rod" in the parallel four-bar linkage, which can swing around the hinge point; the brake pad holder and the connecting rod fixed to it serve as the "connecting rod" in the parallel four-bar linkage, which can perform planar motion; the other "connecting rod" is "virtualized", and only the guide rail and guide groove retain the circular arc trajectory constraint on one end of the connecting rod performing planar motion, so that the sliding of one end of the connecting rod along the circular arc track is equivalent to swinging around the hinge point of the "virtual connecting rod", and the brake pad surface on the brake pad holder, which is parallel to the line connecting the vertical pin shaft to one end of the connecting rod, is always parallel to the brake disc surface. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention theoretically guarantees the anti-deflection function of the brake pad holder, and since the connecting rod and the brake pad holder are on the same side, the translation process of the brake pad holder driven by the connecting rod is easy to implement and control. The structure is simple and compact, and occupies a small space. At the same time, no additional torque is generated, no motion interference occurs, and it is easy to ensure rigidity. Therefore, the brake pad on the brake pad holder can be kept parallel to the brake disc surface of the wheel or axle more reliably and stably, and the eccentric wear of the brake pad can be more effectively avoided, ensuring the braking effect of the braking device and the safety of the vehicle operation; and since two points in the "virtual" parallel four-bar linkage utilized in the technical solution of the present invention are fixed relative to the clamp brake device, the translation process is easy to implement. Therefore, the arc trajectory design of the connecting rod and the guide groove can also be simpler, and the connecting rod does not need to distinguish between left and right parts, and manufacturing and assembly are also more convenient.

[0036] Because the guide rail's guide groove, connecting rod, and brake pad holder are all located on the same side of the technical solution of the present invention, the guide rail connecting rod connected to the brake pad holder can only move along the fixed track of the guide rail located on the same side of the brake pad holder. The designed trajectory of the guide rail effectively constrains the brake pad holder's rotational freedom, ensuring that the brake pads installed on both brake pad holders are relatively parallel to the brake disc surface. On the one hand, this allows the brake pads to fully fit the brake disc during braking, helping the caliper brake device achieve reliable braking, effectively preventing uneven brake pad wear during braking, and improving the safety and reliability of vehicle operation. On the other hand, it can also help reduce or avoid abnormal uneven brake pad wear during normal vehicle operation, extending the service life of the brake pad and reducing maintenance and repair costs. In addition, the use of this guide rail mechanism can also help reduce noise pollution caused by local friction and collision between the brake pad and the brake disc during normal vehicle operation. The guide rail mechanism for constraining the rotation of the brake pad holder of the present invention is mainly applicable to four-point suspension caliper brake devices and can be used for both axle-mounted caliper brake devices and wheel-mounted caliper brake devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments given in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting rod matching the embodiment.

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the arc slider that constitutes the cam lower pair structure.

[0041] Figure 4 It is configuration Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a four-point hanging caliper brake device according to an embodiment viewed from the bottom up (the brake cylinder is omitted), showing the caliper brake device and the vehicle in normal operation or before braking. Figure 1 Initial state of the embodiment.

[0042] Figure 5 It is configuration Figure 1 A top view of a four-point suspension caliper brake device according to an embodiment.

[0043] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the initial state structure of the clamp brake device, which shows Figure 1 Parallelogram abcd of the parallelogram linkage in the embodiment in the initial state.

[0044] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the limit position structure of the caliper brake device, which shows the limit state and the limit state after the caliper brake device is repeatedly braked and the brake pad and the corresponding brake disc surface on the same side of the lever are completely worn out. Figure 1 Parallelogram abcd of the parallelogram linkage of the embodiment.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting rod.

[0047] Figure 10 It is configuration Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a caliper brake device according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example

[0048] The guide rail mechanism of this embodiment that constrains the rotation of the brake disc support is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the guide rail seat 8 includes a mounting portion comprising a support body 8-1 with two spaced upper mounting platforms 8-3 at one end. The upper mounting platforms 8-3 are configured to connect to the bottom of the caliper body 1 of the caliper brake device. The support body can be a solid structure, but preferably a hollow structure is employed to reduce weight. Guide rails 8-2 extend from the bottom edges of the vertically extending surfaces of the two upper mounting platforms 8-3 of the mounting portion through reinforcing ribs. The inner ends of the guide rails 8-2 are preferably positioned at the rear end of the bottom edges of the vertically extending surfaces, which facilitates the design of the guide groove trajectory. The guide rail 8-2 includes a lower open guide groove 8-2-1 that forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod 7 (extending from the geometric center of the connecting column). The guide groove is composed of two curved surfaces and a bottom surface, with a rectangular cross-section. (Other variations of the lower open guide groove 8-2-1 are also possible, such as providing an inwardly folded stopper at the lower opening to provide better sliding support for one end of the connecting rod 7.)

[0049] Specifically, see Figure 2 The connecting rod 7 is a bent member, one end of which extends upwardly into a cylindrical connecting column 7-1. Considering that the trajectory of the guide groove 8-2-1 is actually a special cam curve—an arc trajectory—a curved slider 7-a is mounted on the connecting column 7-1 for sliding engagement. This curved slider 7-a is placed within the guide rail 8-2 on the same side to form a sliding engagement, thereby forming a special cam low-pair structure that is more stable and wear-resistant. The curved slider 7-a is fan-shaped, and at least one of its inner and outer circumferential surfaces slides in engagement with the guide groove 8-2-1 of the guide rail 8-2. Preferably, both the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the curved slider 7-a slide in engagement with the guide groove 8-2-1 of the guide rail 8-2. Of course, the connecting rod can also directly form a cam pair by using a cylindrical connecting column rotatable at one end of the connecting rod and the guide groove 8-2-1 of the guide rail 8-2, or by using a roller mounted on the connecting column and the guide groove 8-2-1 of the guide rail 8-2 to form a cam pair.

[0050] The other end of the connecting rod 7 is also bent upward, and the front side of the upper portion of the bent portion forms a front mounting platform 7-2. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The other end of the connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected to the brake pad holder 5 on the same side where the brake pad 6 is installed through the front mounting platform 7-2. The brake pad holder 5 is hinged to one end of the lever 4 on the same side through the vertical pin 10. In addition to the above-mentioned method of connecting the other end of the connecting rod to the brake pad holder on the same side through the center of the vertical pin of the brake pad holder, specifically, the other end of the connecting rod 7 is connected to the brake pad holder through the lower end of the brake pad holder - that is, the front mounting platform 7-2 of the connecting rod 7 is connected to the brake pad holder 5 on the same side through the boss provided at the lower end of the brake pad holder 5, away from the brake pad mounting surface; it can also be connected to other suitable parts of the brake pad holder.

[0051] The trajectory of guide groove 8-2-1 is shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7, is a circular arc with the vertex of the acute angle C (∠bcd) of the parallelogram abcd as the center and the distance a from the lever's fulcrum d to the center of the vertical pin as the radius. The two adjacent sides of the other acute angle A (∠bad) of the parallelogram abcd are formed by the line da connecting the lever's fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin, and the line ab connecting the center of the vertical pin to the center of the connecting rod at one end. See Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The chord length of the guide groove 8-2-2 is greater than or equal to the distance between the two corresponding positions of one end of the connecting rod 7 when the vertical pin 10 moves between its two extreme positions, thereby keeping the connecting column 7-1 always in the middle. One of the two extreme positions of the vertical pin or one end of the connecting rod refers to the initial state of the caliper brake device during normal vehicle driving or before braking. At this time, the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder is installed on the caliper brake device, and the end of the connecting rod 7 connected to the guide groove is located at the outer end of the guide groove 8-2-2 (see Figure 6 The other extreme position refers to the state where the brake pad and the corresponding brake disc surface on the same side of the lever are completely worn out after repeated braking of the caliper brake device. At this time, one end of the connecting rod 7 of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder is roughly in the middle of the guide groove 8-2-2 (see Figure 7 ); In the process of gradually changing from the initial state to the extreme position after repeated braking, due to the constraint of the "virtual" parallel four-bar linkage, each braking always keeps the brake pads installed on the brake pad holders on both sides relatively parallel to the brake disc surface.

[0052] The clamp brake device of the embodiment of the invention is configured to constrain the rotation guide rail mechanism of the brake pad support. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, it includes a pair of levers 4, the middle of which are hinged to both sides of the clamp body 1 through a pin 9, a brake cylinder 3 is installed between one end of the two levers, and a brake pad holder 5 for mounting a brake pad 6 is hinged to the other end through a vertical pin 10. The clamp body 1 is connected to the interface of the vehicle bogie through the upper hanging part 2 (the clamp body 1 and the hanging part 2 are connected through a pin), so that the clamp brake device is installed on the vehicle, and the bottom thereof is equipped with a guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder of this embodiment. The two upper mounting platforms 8-3 of the mounting part of the guide rail seat 8 of the guide rail mechanism are fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamp body 1 by bolts or welding. The initial state of the clamp brake device and the guide rail mechanism in normal operation of the vehicle or before braking is as shown in the figure. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the limit state after repeated braking is as follows Figure 7 As shown, due to the configuration of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder, no matter what the state, the two brake pad holders always remain parallel to the brake disc surface of the brake disc (not shown in the figure) installed on the wheel or axle, thereby effectively avoiding uneven wear of the brake pad.

[0053] In other words, the brake caliper's motion principle can be understood this way: because the connecting rod and the guide rail that slides with it are both located on the same side of the caliper's lever and brake pad holder, the lever, brake pad holder, connecting rod, and guide rail on the same side essentially form a "virtual" parallelepiped linkage. When the brake cylinder pushes the levers on both sides outward, the hinge point A between the brake pad holder and the lever on the same side rotates around the central pin D in the middle of the lever, while point B of the connecting rod connected to the brake pad holder on the same side moves around the guide rail groove. Since the guide rail groove is shaped like an arc with center C as the circle, point B on the connecting rod also rotates around point C. Since the brake caliper is mounted on the bogie frame via a suspension component 2, and the caliper body 1 (also called a hanger) is connected to the suspension component 2 via a pin, the suspension component 2 can be considered to remain stationary relative to the bogie. That is, the center pin D in the middle of the lever and the guide rail (including the guide rail's center C) mounted on it also remain fixed in position. Therefore, during braking, the motion trajectory of the brake pad holder and connecting rod can be understood as the brake pad holder's point A rotating around a circular arc centered at point D and with a radius equal to the center pin D, which connects point A to the middle of the lever. Meanwhile, point B on the connecting rod rotates around a circular arc centered at point C and with a radius equal to the center pin D, which connects point A to the middle of the lever. The brake pad holder and connecting rod are fixedly connected by bolts or other means, which connects points A and B and can be understood as a long rod. The resulting motion model is: the long rod formed by points A and B, based on the principle of a parallelogram linkage, translates around points D and C relative to the brake disc surface, moving synchronously inward. This ensures that the two brake pad holders remain parallel to the brake disc surface mounted on the wheel or axle, preventing uneven wear on the brake pads.

[0054] It can be understood that the four points A, B, C, and D used to describe the working principle of the present invention have a one-to-one correspondence with the four vertices of the parallelogram abcd.

[0055] As the brake pads and brake discs wear, the brake cylinder continuously pushes the levers on both sides to move outwards, so that the long rod formed by points A and B also continuously moves inwards of the clamp, eventually forming a Figure 7 This movement method, through the design of a specific guide track, can achieve the goal of not generating excessive torque between points A and B, ensuring the reliability of the parts and better preventing brake disc rubbing.

[0056] In summary, compared with the prior art, the guide rail mechanism for constraining the brake disc support rotation in this embodiment has the following significant advantages:

[0057] 1) This embodiment arranges the connecting rod, guide rail, and brake pad holder on the same side, which not only makes the structure compact, but also forms a "virtual" parallel four-bar linkage between the lever on one side of the clamp, the brake pad holder, the connecting rod, and the guide rail, making the translation process of the brake pad holder driven by the connecting rod easy to achieve and control.

[0058] 2) The connecting rod and the brake pad holder are arranged on the same side, so that the connecting rods on the left and right sides can be exactly the same, sharing the same parts, reducing mold production, simplifying the structural design, and lowering the processing and manufacturing costs; and no additional torque will be generated, no motion interference will occur, and there is no need to extend the lever from one side of the clamp to the lever on the other side, so it is easy to ensure rigidity, more reliably and stably keep the brake pad on the brake pad holder parallel to the braking surface of the brake disc, and more effectively avoid eccentric wear of the brake pad.

[0059] 3) The track design of the guide rail guide groove of this embodiment is simpler and easier to manufacture. It only needs to be adapted to the arc track of the movement of the brake pad support pin shaft. And because the connecting rods on the guide rails on both sides of the guide rail seat slide from the outer end to the inner end when braking, they can be roughly arranged between the bottom of the clamp body and the levers on both sides, without increasing the overall external profile of the clamp brake device. However, the existing anti-bias wear mechanism with a cross-arranged guide rod needs to slide outward during braking, and its slide design needs to protrude to the outside of both sides of the clamp lever. This design structure will increase the overall external profile of the clamp brake device, which is not conducive to its arrangement in the limited space of the bogie.

[0060] 4) The installation of the guide rail mechanism for constraining the brake pad support rotation of this embodiment is simpler, there is no distinction between left and right connecting rods, and no additional error-proofing structure needs to be designed, which reduces the assembly difficulty and improves the assembly processability.

[0061] 5) The brake pad support rotation restraining guide rail mechanism of this embodiment has wide applicability. It can be used not only in wheel-mounted or axle-mounted caliper brakes for freight cars, but also in caliper brakes for passenger vehicles such as EMUs and urban rail transit vehicles. Furthermore, it can be installed not only in caliper brakes equipped with a service brake cylinder, but also in caliper brakes equipped with a parking brake cylinder with a manual release brake. Example

[0062] The guide rail mechanism of this embodiment that constrains the rotation of the brake disc support is as follows: Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, unlike the first embodiment, the guide rail 8-2 has a front open guide groove 8-2-1 that forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod 7. The connecting rod 7 is plate-shaped, with one end extending directly along the length to form a cylindrical connecting post 7-1, directly forming a cam pair with the front open guide groove 8-2-1 of the guide rail 8-2. The other end extends away from the end of the connecting post 7-1 along the length to directly form a front mounting platform 7-2, which is fixedly connected to the brake pad holder on the same side. Therefore, the structure is simpler. Because the front mounting platform 7-2 is used to connect to the brake pad holder, the width of the other end of the connecting rod 7 is greater than the width of the end provided with the cylindrical connecting post 7-1, resulting in the main portion of the connecting rod 7 being a tapered plate, and the cross-section of the main portion along the length direction is trapezoidal.

[0063] The clamp brake device of the embodiment of the invention is configured to constrain the rotation guide rail mechanism of the brake pad support. Figure 10 As shown, its effects are basically the same as those of embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail.

[0064] The two aforementioned embodiments are intended to be initially applied to brake caliper units for 160 km / h express trucks. For example, axle-mounted brake caliper units can be used, with the option of configuring a common brake cylinder or a hand-release brake cylinder. By varying the length of the connecting rods and the shape of the guide rail tracks of the aforementioned embodiments, a series design can be implemented, making them fully applicable to wheel-mounted brake caliper units. Furthermore, since uneven wear is a common problem in the braking systems of various vehicles, including EMUs and urban rail vehicles, the basic technical solution of the present invention can be used to systematically design the corresponding brake caliper units, i.e., to adaptively develop the corresponding connecting rod and guide rail mechanisms, so that the present invention can be applied to other vehicle models. Therefore, the present invention has broad applicability.

[0065] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementations. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A guide rail mechanism for constraining the rotation of a brake pad holder, comprising a guide rail seat and a connecting rod, wherein guide rails extend from both sides of the mounting portion of the guide rail seat, and the guide rails have a guide groove that forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod; characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod is slidably engaged with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the brake pad holder on the same side which is hinged on one end of the lever through a vertical pin shaft; the trajectory of the guide groove is a parallelogram with the lever fulcrum as one of the obtuse angle vertices, the line connecting the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin shaft of the brake pad holder on the same side as one side, the acute angle vertex away from the center of the pin shaft as the center of the circle, and the distance from the lever fulcrum to the center of the vertical pin shaft of the brake pad holder on the same side as the radius.

2. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chord length of the guide groove is greater than or equal to the distance between two corresponding positions of one end of the connecting rod when the vertical pin moves between its two extreme positions.

3. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent sides of the acute angle of the parallelogram with the center of the vertical pin as the vertex are respectively formed by the line connecting the center of the vertical pin to the lever fulcrum and the line connecting the center of the vertical pin to one end of the connecting rod.

4. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail seat is used to be connected to the bottom of the clamp body of the clamp brake device.

5. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting portion of the guide rail seat is composed of a support body with two spaced upper mounting platforms at one end; the support body is a solid or hollow structure.

6. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper mounting platform is used to connect with the bottom of the caliper body of the caliper brake device.

7. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom edges of the vertically extending surfaces on the outer sides of the two upper mounting platforms of the mounting portion are respectively extended out of the guide rails through reinforcing ribs.

8. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail has a lower open guide groove which forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod.

9. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod is a bent piece, one end of which is provided with a cylindrical connecting column extending upward.

10. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting column is sleeved with an arc-shaped sliding block which is movably fitted thereon, and the connecting rod forms a cam pair with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side through the arc-shaped sliding block.

11. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 10, characterized in that: At least one of the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the arc-shaped sliding block is slidably matched with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side.

12. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the connecting rod is also bent upward, and the front side of the upper portion of the bent portion forms a front mounting platform.

13. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 12, characterized in that: The other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the brake shoe support on the same side through the front mounting platform.

14. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 13, characterized in that: The brake shoe support is hingedly mounted on one end of the lever on the same side through a vertical pin shaft.

15. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod directly forms a cam pair with the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side through a connecting column fixedly connected or hinged thereto, and the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting column is slidably matched with the guide groove.

16. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod forms a cam pair through a roller sleeved on the connecting column and a guide groove of the guide rail on the same side. The roller is dynamically matched with the connecting column, and its outer cylindrical surface is slidably matched with the guide groove.

17. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail has a front open guide groove which forms a cam pair with one end of the connecting rod.

18. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 17, characterized in that: The connecting rod is in the shape of a plate, and a cylindrical connecting column is extended from one end thereof along the length direction, directly forming a cam pair with the front open guide groove of the guide rail.

19. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 18, characterized in that: The other end of the connecting rod extends along the length direction away from one end of the connecting column to form a front mounting platform, and the front mounting platform is fixedly connected to the brake shoe support on the same side.

20. The guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad holder according to claim 19, characterized in that: The width of the other end of the connecting rod is greater than the width of the end thereof where the connecting column is provided.

21. A caliper brake device comprising a pair of levers hinged at their middle portions to either side of a caliper body, a brake cylinder being mounted between one end of the two levers, and a brake pad support being hingedly mounted at the other end of the two levers via a vertical pin; characterized in that: The bottom of the clamp body is configured with a guide rail mechanism for restricting the rotation of the brake pad support as described in any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. The caliper brake device according to claim 21, characterized in that: During normal operation or before braking of the vehicle, one end of the connecting rod of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the brake shoe support from rotating is located at the outer end of the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side.

23. The caliper brake device according to claim 21, characterized in that: During braking, one end of the connecting rod of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder tends to move toward the inner end of the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side; when the brake pad and the corresponding brake disc surface on the same side of the lever are completely worn, one end of the connecting rod of the guide rail mechanism that constrains the rotation of the brake pad holder is roughly in the middle of the guide groove of the guide rail on the same side.

24. The caliper brake device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The caliper brake device is a four-point hanging type brake caliper unit.

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