An ergonomic structure of a mouse and a mouse adopting the same

Abstract

The ergonomic structure of a mouse is characterized in that: the mouse is designed for single hand, and the mouse itself is asymmetric left and right; the surface (B) where the main key area is located is inclined, and the height gradually decreases from the index finger side to the middle finger side; the edge of the B surface outside the index finger side is named as b line; the side surface (A) where the mouse is held by the thumb deviates from the outer edge of the index finger by a certain distance to the thumb side, and the top edge of the A surface is named as a line; the T surface for supporting, resting and controlling the thumb is formed by connecting between the a line and the b line, and the T surface is a strip-shaped curved surface; when the thumb swings left and right on the T surface, the area that the first knuckle of the thumb can touch is called the sweeping core area, and in the vertical section of the mouse passing through the sweeping core area in the left and right directions, the section line t of the T surface is a straight line or approximately a straight line, and decreases from the b line side to the a line side. The mouse supports at least two standard operating postures, wherein the standard operating posture 1 is that the thumb is placed outside the A surface, and the standard operating posture 2 is that the thumb is placed above the T surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the ergonomic structural design of a computer mouse, with the aim of improving the grip and operation experience of the mouse, giving the hand more freedom in human-computer interaction, improving efficiency, and delaying fatigue. Background Technology

[0002] The mouse is a widely used and important computer input device. In existing products, planar displacement sensors are the mainstream, with planar displacement sensors as the core component, supplemented by buttons and switches, to realize positioning and selection operations in the graphical interface in human-computer interaction.

[0003] Because hovering operations are obviously not as comfortable and sustained as desk operations, the desktop remains an irreplaceable and superior office resource, and stable, fast, accurate, and mature planar displacement sensors remain the mainstream for mouse applications. Furthermore, since our interaction interface with the machine (the mainstream) is still planar—a planar monitor, a planar screen, and a cursor moving within planar graphics—any three-dimensional signal source must, in this case, be projected onto a two-dimensional plane. These are all reasons why three-dimensional sensors cannot fully utilize their advantages in cursor control.

[0004] With a population of 1.4 billion and 700 million personal computers (PCs) in China, and approximately 3 billion globally, computers play a vital role in human life and work. Fatigue and related health issues arising from human-computer interaction are significant problems, as they not only involve physical discomfort but also reduced work efficiency. Therefore, mouse ergonomics has been a crucial area of ​​research in the computer peripherals market, driving product innovation in several ways. This includes design innovation, with continuous optimization in visual effects, materials, and form; the development of "suspended-operation controllers" using 3D sensors; and, in the design field, the replacement of manual mouse use with trackballs—products that don't require holding or movement—in high-intensity, continuous work. These product innovations all aim to address the health problems arising from inadequate ergonomics.

[0005] However, in reality, "free-moving controllers" are limited by human physical strength and cannot maintain their ergonomic advantages during prolonged use; "trackball" products reduce the intuitiveness and efficiency of cursor movement, thus reducing work efficiency. Therefore, computer mice that use planar displacement sensors and operate by relative movement on the desktop remain the mainstream products in the market.

[0006] Therefore, addressing the ergonomic shortcomings of mice through the design of the mouse itself is the fundamental approach, even though such design advancements are actually quite difficult. From the 1980s when computers and mice began entering homes, to the early 1990s when mouse manufacturers began to focus on ergonomic design as a key area of ​​research and development, for the past few decades, mice have essentially been minor or complex adjustments to the shape of the "rectangular wooden box" prototype unveiled in 1968.

[0007] It wasn't until around 2007, with the same inventor's patent ZL200780048640.8 (PCT / CN2007 / 003884), that the design concept of the computer mouse shifted from "based on a vertically elongated cuboid wooden box" to a new field "based on a horizontally wide cuboid." However, due to the limitations of the domestic environment, invention patent ZL200780048640.8 and a series of mouse-related inventions by the same inventor have not been well commercialized. This has actually limited the further exploration of excellent design ideas and their application in product design. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a design solution that alters and optimizes the way the human thumb works when holding and operating a mouse. Combined with other design features, this improves the overall user experience of the mouse and reduces or even eliminates fatigue, pain, and inflammation during work cycles. This applies to standard computer-related work such as 8 hours a day, 5 days a week, or continuous 12 hours of operation in front of a computer screen.

[0009] This invention is based on new observations of the structure of the human hand and new assessments of how hand fatigue occurs and is alleviated, thus proposing a new solution. In particular, the inventors believe that providing the thumb with adequate space to move, allowing it to move appropriately or subconsciously, can delay the onset of fatigue; a suitable structural design can guide and control the thumb's movement, thereby achieving a better anti-fatigue effect; and combining this invention with other solutions in a comprehensive design can achieve even better results.

[0010] In traditional mouse product design, the thumb and little / ring finger are the basis for holding the mouse and controlling its direction and movement. The local structure of the product is designed with the thumb in a fixed position and posture.

[0011] The solution adopted by this invention to solve this ergonomic problem is as follows:

[0012] The mouse is designed for one-handed use, and the mouse itself is asymmetrical.

[0013] The surface of the mouse where the main buttons are operated by the index and middle fingers is named surface B. Surface B is tilted, and its height gradually decreases from the index finger side to the middle finger side.

[0014] The outer edge of the index finger on side B is named line b, and the outer edge of the middle finger on side B is named line c.

[0015] The side of the mouse that the thumb grips and contacts is named surface A. Surface A is offset from the outer edge of the index finger by a certain distance on the thumb side. The top edge of surface A is named line a.

[0016] The connection between line a and line b forms a T-surface for the thumb to support, rest, and control; the T-surface is a strip-shaped curved surface.

[0017] The strip-shaped curved surface T is an independent surface that is different from both surface A and surface B, and is located between A and B. Its characteristics are observable.

[0018] The mouse supports at least two standard operating postures, with the first standard operating posture having the thumb placed on the outer side of the A-side (see...). Figure 1 The standard operating posture is to place the thumb above the T-side (see...). Figure 2 );

[0019] When using standard operating posture 2, the area that the thumb pad of the first phalanx can reach when the thumb swings left and right along the T-surface is called the sweep core area (see...). Figure 1 (5);

[0020] The sweeping core area is the surface that the thumb can touch when it swings left and right between lines a and b.

[0021] In the swept core region section, line a is lower than line b, and the height of the swept core region on the T-plane gradually decreases from the side of line b to the side of line a.

[0022] Lines a, b, and c are all spatial curves.

[0023] The technical solution of this invention is based on the research, observation, analysis and discovery of phenomena such as the activity ability and characteristics of the human hand and the generation and relief of human muscle fatigue.

[0024] The posture of a person's hand when it is naturally relaxed is close to Figure 7A The palm is roughly a flat surface, with the four fingers (index, middle, ring, and little fingers) forming a group, like part of that flat surface. Each finger has three joints and is adept at bending, making this part of the palm appear curled up. They are good at acting in unison, bending and extending together. Although they can move independently, they are interconnected, especially influenced by adjacent fingers. The index finger is the most flexible, while the ring and little fingers are the least mobile.

[0025] The thumb grows diagonally from the palm like a tree branch. It has only two joints, limiting its bending ability, and its direction of flexion and extension differs from the other four fingers. Based on the structure of the human hand, the thumb is actually the finger "opposite" to the other four fingers on the palm, although its root still "grows" on the same palm. In its natural state, the thumb generally resides on the "opposite side," off-center from the palm's plane, ready to cooperate with the other fingers in pinching, squeezing, and grasping. The base of the thumb has well-developed muscles, making it adept at "swinging" and capable of powerfully coordinating with pinching, squeezing, and grasping movements.

[0026] Figure 7B It's a deliberate gesture where the palms are flat and together, but the thumb is not in the plane of the palm; it's placed below the index finger and parallel to the other four fingers. The thumb can swing away from the palm plane, to its limit... Figure 7C This is an illustration. This type of oscillation can be called an alpha oscillation.

[0027] Figure 7D It is another deliberate gesture, with the palms flat and together, the thumbs inside the palm plane, and the index fingers together on the outside, parallel to the four fingers.

[0028] The thumb can swing away from the index finger, to its limit. Figure 7E Illustration. This type of swing can be called a beta swing. In an extended beta swing, the thumb continues to swing from its position close to the index finger towards the little finger side of the palm.

[0029] Throughout the entire thumb swing, the direction of the thumb pad (which also represents the direction of the finger's flexion and extension ability) twists. See Figure 7F Illustration. The ellipse with a shaded line (labeled 4) represents the position and orientation of the thumb; the shaded line (labeled 6) represents the orientation of the thumb's pad; label 7 indicates the thumb's state at its β-swing limit; label 8 indicates the thumb's position at... Figure 7B The text describes the intentional hand gesture positions; label 10 indicates the thumb's position at the α swing limit; label 11 indicates the thumb touching the base of the little finger at the distal end of the -β swing; label 9 indicates the thumb's position between positions 8 and 10; and label 12 indicates the thumb's position between positions 8 and 7. It is evident that the thumb has a vast range of motion. Without spatial limitations, the opening and closing of the human hand can actually have a considerable range, for example, we can hold a wine bottle or a basketball—therefore, the thumb has a great deal of mobility and is very flexible.

[0030] Because it involves stretching muscles, tendons, and skin, all deliberate gestures other than natural postures require strength to maintain.

[0031] In traditional ergonomic design, optimization often only targets the "fixed shape (of the mouse)" and the "fixed posture (of the hand)," so the problem of mouse hand remains unsolved. This invention not only considers fatigue caused by muscle tension (using mechanical design to solve the problem), but also the changes in hand posture for products with fixed shapes (using muscle rotation to solve the problem), and further considers "fatigue relief"—moderate muscle activity can reduce fatigue, including relieving nerve and muscle numbness and promoting blood circulation.

[0032] Just like "although sitting is more comfortable than standing, sitting for a long time can still cause fatigue." If a person is tied up and has been sitting for a long time, the first thing to do after rescuing them is usually to let them "get up and move their hands and feet."

[0033] Among the fatigue caused by using a traditional mouse, there is a small, often overlooked action that plays a similar role: most of the time, such as when reading, people do not need to move the cursor or click, but almost everyone subconsciously moves the cursor back and forth in a small range (but does not click) or picks up the mouse, lets it hover in the air, and then puts it down. This is actually the hand trying to relieve its fatigue. The traditional mouse restricts its range of motion too much, so it creates meaningless opportunities for movement to alleviate the muscle stiffness and soreness caused by prolonged fixed posture.

[0034] This invention is mainly based on observations of the structure and motor ability of the human hand (especially the thumb), the action habits and subconscious needs during mouse operation, and promotes the progress and breakthroughs in mouse ergonomic design from an innovative perspective and way of thinking.

[0035] The scope of this invention and its solutions are centered on the thumb side of the human hand, involving the thumb, index finger, middle finger, palm, wrist, and forearm, but do not discuss the surface treatment of the outer side of c.

[0036] As an asymmetrical mouse design optimized for single-handed use, the hands depicted in the drawings of this invention are all right-handed. It is clearly understood that the left-handed case and the left-handed solution are mirror images of the right-handed solution.

[0037] The cross-sectional view of the hand in the drawing of this invention is shown from the rear view (viewed from the wrist to the fingertips).

[0038] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A typical example illustrates the positions of surfaces A, T, and B, and the positions of lines a, b, and c. m represents the lower edge of surface A, and number 5 indicates the "sweeped core area" on surface T, indicated by a shading line. Figure 1 The image on the right shows standard operating posture 1. Figure 2The right-hand diagram shows standard operating posture 2. At the position indicated by the arrow, sweep along the core area in the left-right direction of the mouse to cut the mouse apart with a plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, resulting in the cross-sectional diagram on the left. Taking the right hand as an example, labels 1 and 2 indicate the positional relationship of the two main buttons commonly referred to as the "left button" and "right button," label 3 circles the position of the four fingers on the palm with a dotted line, and label 4 is an ellipse used to indicate the thumb.

[0039] Figure 3A The key variables in the design are illustrated by the left-right vertical cross-section of an abstract mouse, including: the angle β between surface B and the horizontal plane; the angle α between surface T and the horizontal plane; the angle γ between surface T and surface B; the angle θ of surface A's deviation from the vertical direction if surface A is not vertical; the height h of surface A; the cross-sectional arc of surface T is represented by t; and the projection width of the cross-sectional arc t of surface T onto the horizontal plane is represented by w.

[0040] Figure 3B The external angle x between surface T and surface B, and the external angle y between surface A and surface B, will be used in the discussion later.

[0041] This invention designs and creates a strip-shaped curved surface T, and specifies that its sweep core area has an upward sloping trend from line a to line b. The design purpose of the sweep core area includes providing guidance and support for the swing of the thumb, providing support for the thumb in the standard operating posture 2 as a second working position, providing the horizontal component force required for the thumb to push the mouse horizontally, and not affecting the smoothness of switching between postures.

[0042] A strip-shaped surface T is characterized by its observable nature. It is a strip-shaped surface that can be visually distinguished between surfaces A and B. It is neither a complete, gradual transition between A and B, nor does it merge with either of them and disappear. Instead, it has clear connecting boundaries with both A and B, or it is revealed due to significant differences in curvature. For example, in the left-right direction, when its internal curvature is continuous, it appears as a clear boundary line with A and B; or, in the left-right direction, when it smoothly transitions with A and B, it appears as a relatively flat area in the middle region.

[0043] The strip-shaped curved surface T also contains a key region known as the "sweeping core area".

[0044] The sweep core area is designed based on an abstract plane, formed by the thumb swinging from line a towards line b along the shortest distance (a straight line trajectory) between two points. In the forward-backward direction, this abstract plane has the largest possible contact area with the first knuckle of the thumb, thus minimizing the contact pressure between them and forming relatively complete support. In the left-right direction, this abstract plane distributes a portion of the thumb's weight evenly along the entire trajectory with the same slope. However, because it needs to conform to the actual shape of other parts of the mouse (for example, lines a and b, which serve as the left and right boundaries, are spatial curves with three-dimensional shapes formed for their own design purposes), and because the thumb itself has a complex curved shape (not a simple abstract straight line or a perfect cylinder), and because the thumb mainly swings in a fan shape—and for other reasons to be discussed later—the actual sweep core area is not an idealized mathematical plane, but may have appropriate curvature changes in both the forward-backward and left-right directions.

[0045] The term "strip-shaped surface" can be understood as "strip-shaped" or "strip-shaped," and the "appropriate curvature variations" it may contain will not cause it to lose its "strip-shaped" or "strip-shaped" characteristics. This characteristic also ensures that the actual shape of its sweeping core area is not too far from the "abstract plane" that forms the design basis of the sweeping core area, thus guaranteeing that the design effect will not deviate significantly. For example, the sweeping core area (the contact area of ​​the first joint of the thumb) will not be excessively curved, becoming a concave surface in the shape of half a cylinder or a convex surface in the shape of half a cylinder. Generally, people would not perceive the surface of half a cylinder cut along its axis as "strip-shaped" or "strip-shaped."

[0046] The main design purposes of the sweeping core area on the T-side are: first, to increase the distance between the thumb and index finger / palm when operating the mouse in standard operating posture 1; second, to support the thumb and guide its swing in standard operating posture 2; third, to provide the horizontal component force needed for the thumb to push the mouse horizontally in standard operating posture 2; and fourth, to ensure a smooth and unobstructed transition from one operating posture to another (such as the switching process from standard operating posture 1 to standard operating posture 2, or vice versa).

[0047] Therefore, the design of the sweeping core area is based on the following: starting from edge 'a' of surface A after changing from the standard operating posture 1, and ending at the most natural position when the thumb swings close to the index finger, the core is an (abstract) plane—an (abstract) plane formed by the thumb swinging along the shortest distance (straight line trajectory) between two points. In the left-right direction, this (abstract) plane evenly distributes a portion of the thumb's weight with the same slope throughout the entire movement. In the front-back direction, this plane forms complete support for the first joint of the thumb (with the largest possible contact area, thereby minimizing the contact pressure between the two). Because of the human body's aversion to sharp edges and preference for curved surfaces, this plane can have a certain degree of deformation (i.e., it can contain a certain curvature).

[0048] In fact, the sweeping core area can be deformed with a certain arc in the front-to-back direction to match the design of line a and line b, and can also be deformed with a certain arc in the left-to-right direction for the purpose of movement and tactile sensation.

[0049] The arc formed by the deformation in the left and right movement direction of the thumb is not suitable for an arc with too large an amplitude, because it will cause the thumb to be affected by "severely inconsistent" support force and resistance force and friction during the left or right swing. This will cause the thumb to slide easily in some sections because the left and right sides are more horizontal, while it will be blocked in other sections because the left and right slope is steeper. This will make the thumb swing unsmooth or even completely hinder the swing of the thumb.

[0050] For example, if the swept core area presents a large convex arc in the left and right directions, such as replacing a straight line with a 90-degree arc (a quarter circle arc) (see...) Figure 4A road1), relative to the straight line ( Figure 4A For example, in the case of road0), after the thumb leaves line a, it's like encountering an "emergency climb" on plane T, requiring it to overcome obstacles like climbing a mountain. On the other hand, in the latter half of the journey near line b, the thumb remains at a high position. In actual product design practice, if such a design is adopted, the user will psychologically feel blocked when the thumb subconsciously wants to swing or when it subconsciously wants to move closer to the index finger.

[0051] Because the 'b' line in a traditional mouse is the left edge of the mouse, this problem is perfectly avoided, and there is no experience of the thumb being blocked when trying to move it closer to the index finger. When we move the A-side outward, the protruding material between the A-side and the 'b' line will have a strong obstructive effect, so this needs to be considered in the design.

[0052] If the sweeping core area exhibits a significant concave arc in the left and right directions, such as a 90-degree arc (a quarter circle), then after the thumb leaves line a, the initial trajectory shows almost no upward movement. However, the later trajectory near line b is actually blocked due to a sharp upward movement. On the other hand, this means that when approaching line b, the thumb is actually below a "cliff," unable to truly find the most comfortable position near line b because there is no support. See... Figure 4B In actual product design practice, if such a design is adopted, when the thumb is placed in the middle of the concave arc, if the thumb subconsciously wants to move, it will feel blocked on both sides. If the thumb wants to move to the outer side of surface A, it will also feel blocked. In addition, because the part of the concave arc that provides support cannot provide much horizontal force other than friction, the thumb's control over the mouse is basically only effective in the relatively vertical part of the concave arc near line b. This also means that the thumb's working position is fixed - it can only choose a position below line b, and cannot be arbitrarily selected within a certain range.

[0053] Therefore, this invention has generated multiple design principles, which will be explained in different paragraphs later in this invention document.

[0054] Because of the design purpose of the sweeping core area of ​​the T-side, the T-side is not suitable for mainly bearing the work of holding the mouse and lifting it into the air when picking it up. This operation is mainly completed by the standard operation posture 1 on the A-side. Due to the flexible swinging ability of the thumb, through comprehensive optimization design, it can be ensured that it will not cause any discomfort to the user during operation.

[0055] Because of this design, side A is farther from the index finger, and the relatively flat thumb twists when it swings to this position. Figure 7F Therefore, surface A is not suitable for having a large inward tilt angle. On the other hand, the inward tilt angle means that the thumb has room to accommodate below line a. The larger the tilt angle, the closer the thumb is to the center of the mouse in the standard operating posture 1 position. However, when switching from standard operating posture 1 to standard operating posture 2, the thumb always needs to cross the angle between the surfaces formed at line a. Figure 5A Therefore, the deeper the thumb sinks into the space under the slope, the longer the path it needs to take. However, the most convenient path from one point to another is a straight line between the two, so surface A is not suitable for a heavy inward tilt angle, as it will make the operation feel unsmooth and unnatural.

[0056] At the same time, since the T-side already serves as the outward tilting surface, the A-side is not suitable for having too much outward tilt angle, as the outward tilting surface is not conducive to picking up the mouse.

[0057] Based on this, if the cross-section of surface A on the left and right sides of the mouse is represented by a straight line segment, then surface A is preferably an upright surface (perpendicular to the horizontal plane). In this case, surface A coincides with the vertically downward straight line passing through line a (perpendicular to the horizontal plane), and θ = 0°. Since line a must exist as the top structure of surface A in our design, considering the smoothness with which the thumb needs to cross line a during posture switching, θ = 0° is the optimal solution for the angle of surface A. Figure 6 A.

[0058] However, from another perspective, when θ = 0° and the cross-section of surface A on the left and right sides of the mouse is a straight line segment, when the mouse is lifted off the table using the standard operating posture 1, the upward force provided by the thumb side comes entirely from the friction generated by the thumb pressing surface A. If the cross-section of surface A on the left and right sides of the mouse is a small concave arc or an inwardly inclined straight line segment, it will provide a portion of the vertical upward force on the inclined shell, reducing the need for friction.

[0059] If surface A is designed with a tilt angle, whether it's tilted inwards or outwards, the tilt angle cannot exceed 15°, otherwise the user experience will deteriorate drastically. Therefore, it can be set that the angle θ between surface A and the vertical line passing through line a downwards is ≤15°.

[0060] Smaller values ​​of θ will have relatively better results; for example, the preferred range of θ can be θ≤5°.

[0061] If the height of side facade A is too high, the movement of the thumb with line b as the endpoint will feel obstructed, creating a detour. Figure 5B Therefore, the height of side A also has an optimization range, which will be explained in detail later. In current design practice, it has been found that when the height h of side facade A in the sweeping core area is between 0.8 and 1.5 thumb widths, it is less likely to have a negative impact.

[0062] If surface A has a slight curvature in the vertical direction, the cross-section of surface A will be a curve formed by a slight inward concavity of the vertical line, which will also have a good effect. Its concave arc will correspond to the convex line of the thumb's fingertip, while the overall effect is still equivalent to surface A being a vertical surface. Figure 6 B. In general, when the cross-sectional line of surface A is an arc, whether it is a convex or concave arc, its "equivalent tilt angle" deviating from the vertical direction cannot exceed 15°. When the cross-section of surface A is slightly curved in the vertical direction, the chord m′ of the arc between the top edge line a of surface A and the bottom edge line m of surface A on the side of the table can be taken as a rough (approximate) representation of the included angle. That is, the angle θ between m′ and the vertical line should not exceed 15° to ensure the effect. Figure 6 C.

[0063] Because of our design objectives and the actual design performance of the "large-angle slope" and "high-curvature large arc surface" solutions, surface A is not suitable for an exaggerated large-angle slope or a high-curvature large arc surface, as this would not provide the best ergonomic experience. The reasons will be explained in detail later: firstly, the thumb twists when pulled to the new position on surface A, making it unsuitable for a significantly tilted surface; secondly, because the thumb is "fleshed over bone," it doesn't feel as comfortable on a high-curvature arc surface as it does on a slightly curved surface, and the contact area between the fingertip and a high-curvature arc surface is smaller than that between the fingertip and a slightly curved surface.

[0064] Both "sloping surfaces with large angles" and "large curved surfaces with high curvature" can be considered to not meet the definition of "side elevation" (an upright surface on the side). Figure 6 D.

[0065] It is important to note that line a is a spatial curve, and surface A is also a spatial surface. Even if the cross-sectional arc of surface A is made to be a straight line through design, surface A can still produce curvature in the forward and backward extension direction of the mouse, thereby improving the grip.

[0066] In different design cases, regardless of whether the cross-sectional line created by the horizontal plane cutting off surface A presents an inwardly concave arc, an outwardly convex arc, or a straight line, it can produce an effective surface A design solution when combined with the overall design. Therefore, no feature restrictions are imposed on this technical direction.

[0067] Traditional mouse design originated from a historically elongated rectangular wooden box. Assuming the mouse had multiple buttons on its front, taking a right-handed user as an example, the "left button," typically controlled by the index finger, would be on the far left, as the right button, controlled by the middle finger, would occupy the right side. In this case, the index finger, responsible for the left button, had to be positioned above it, essentially placing the palm parallel to the horizontal plane. See... Figure 8 Number 13 indicates the mouse wheel that is partially obscured by a finger.

[0068] At this point, the thumb is positioned outside the projection line of the index finger on the table, and its position is closer to the index finger, which is very similar to... Figure 7B The gestures displayed were deliberate.

[0069] A few mice, such as some single-button mouse models in Apple's history, attempted to increase the area of ​​each button to allow the index finger to press further away from the thumb, thus relieving tension in the web of the hand. However, this design had limited effectiveness, and mainly because the reduction in the number of buttons also brought functional inconvenience, it was gradually abandoned.

[0070] The mainstream design style of multi-button mice, in terms of thumb handling, can be abstracted as follows: Figure 9 Several of them:

[0071] 1) Assume side A is the elevation. For example... Figure 9 A. When the mouse is only the diameter of a finger, the human hand is basically like a... Figure 7B The deliberate posture is locked in place: the palm is almost parallel to the table; the downward swing of the thumb is blocked by the table, and it is physiologically difficult for it to pass over the index finger upward; the inward swing of the thumb is blocked by the mouse, and it will lose contact and control of the mouse if it swings outward.

[0072] It can be assumed that the thumb has no room to move at this point, and the mouse restricts its movement like a pair of handcuffs.

[0073] 2) Assuming surface A is the vertical plane. Increasing the mouse height does not significantly increase the upward α-space for mouse movement. For example... Figure 9 B. Assuming the mouse shell is only two fingers in diameter in height, the thumb only has a range of motion of one finger in diameter towards the palm (upwards) – because of the obstruction of the desktop, the thumb still has no range of motion downwards.

[0074] 3) Because picking up the mouse requires gripping it from both sides, the smoother the material of the upright surface, the greater the gripping force needed to generate the same friction. Therefore, when the mouse height increases, in typical product designs, surface A becomes an inward-sloping surface. This reduces the reliance on upward friction when picking up the mouse. For example... Figure 9 C. At this point, the thumb moves to below the index finger because... Figure 7F The twisted, inward-curving sloping surface shown in number 9 also aligns well with the direction of the thumb's pad. However, this design also limits alpha movement. If you try to relieve fatigue by alpha movement, you're blocked upwards by the mouse shell and downwards by the desktop.

[0075] 4) In the design of conventional vertically elongated gaming mice (high-end ergonomic mice), the thumb rest (A-side) is often a large recess—as the A-side tapers downwards towards the index finger, it also provides support for the thumb, making it more comfortable to rest. For example... Figure 9 D. However, at this point, the thumb actually has even less room to move (oscillate). The groove designed for the thumb locks the thumb's α-oscillation perpendicular to the palm plane in both the downward and upward directions.

[0076] Theoretically speaking, if surface A is tilted outwards, see... Figure 9 E. As can be seen, the space for the thumb to swing in the α direction is actually increased, and the thumb will gain a swing space in the β direction in addition to the α swing, and will not lose contact with the mouse when swinging in the β direction. However, at this time the mouse is "larger at the bottom and smaller at the top", making it difficult to pick up the mouse. Therefore, I have never seen such a design.

[0077] As an additional reference, such as Figure 9 As shown in F, there is a type of "vertical mouse" on the market that uses a "wider bottom and narrower top" design to alleviate the crossing of the ulna and radius in the forearm. It also features a prominent thumb groove in the raised thumb grip surface (vertical or outward-sloping) to fix the thumb's position and assist in picking up the mouse. Because the thumb grip surface is broken by the groove, and the thumb is expected to be confined within the groove, it does not allow the thumb to swing freely along that surface, let alone swing to contact the index finger.

[0078] Compared to these references, such as Figure 9 As shown in G, this invention moves facade A outward to create facade T, thereby achieving the aforementioned effect. Figure 9 E has the same effect as the outward-sloping facade.

[0079] Move the thumb's gripping surface A outwards so that the thumb can contact the mouse body from a relatively far position, thus avoiding the need to get close to the index finger to participate in control. At this point, the thumb is essentially in... Figure 7F The position and angle indicated by number 12.

[0080] At this point, from the thumb gripping work surface A to the thumb swinging and contacting the index finger, it's best to maintain contact with the mouse body throughout the movement. This allows the thumb to continue participating in mouse control at various intermediate positions; the T-surface plays this role. The thumb should remain in contact with the mouse while swinging along the T-surface. To ensure the thumb's movement from gripping work surface A to approaching and contacting the index finger is usable and continuous, the sweeping core area of ​​the T-surface should not protrude beyond the web of the thumb, thus not hindering continuous movement of the thumb between two extreme working positions.

[0081] Furthermore, because we also tilted the B-side of the mouse, raising the index finger side of the palm, we increased the space for the thumb α to swing (swinging in the tilted direction, no longer obstructed by the desktop directly below); if the T-side were designed not to be perpendicular to the palm / B-side (see... Figure 3B (x-angle) will have an additional β oscillation component.

[0082] In summary, even when using your thumb to reduce fatigue, you should still maintain control of the mouse. If your thumb is resting on the T-pad (pressing on the T-pad is equivalent to pressing on the desktop, but at the same time the web of your hand is raised, your wrist is externally rotated, and the crossing of the ulna and radius of your forearm is lighter), you should still maintain control of the mouse.

[0083] Because the T-surface is tilted to the left and right, unlike a perfectly horizontal surface, it doesn't require deliberate downward pressure to generate friction before relying entirely on horizontal (rightward) friction to propel it. The pressure of the thumb pressing on the inclined surface and the weight of the thumb will have a direct horizontal thrust component.

[0084] Side A is the vertical side. Although it is farther away, it still exists, and its position is more friendly to the thumb. Therefore, gripping (picking up) and horizontally pushing the mouse through side A are still valid (i.e., standard operating posture 1).

[0085] Because the T-surface is still tilted, the frictional force generated by applying horizontal pressure to it has both a horizontal and a vertical component. Therefore, under certain conditions (mouse weight, T-surface tilt angle, material friction coefficient), the mouse can still be picked up directly through the T-surface. That is, under suitable conditions, the mouse can be picked up directly in standard operating posture 2.

[0086] When picking up the mouse in standard operating posture 2, the upward frictional force against gravity generated on the thumb side can be partly due to the pressure exerted by the second knuckle and base of the thumb on the left rear side of the mouse body, pointing towards the tips of the ring and little fingers, achieving balance through complex frictional forces. This picking-up method is not very mechanically efficient, but standard operating posture 2 is a near-completely resting posture, and most mouse movements do not require the mouse to be suspended in the air. Therefore, continuing to "lazily" maintain standard operating posture 2 and picking up the mouse "briefly and occasionally" without switching to standard operating posture 1 can sometimes be worthwhile.

[0087] To ensure the smooth and continuous movement of the thumb from gripping the work surface A to approaching and contacting the index finger, several design principles are still in place to allow for "smooth" thumb movement. One such principle is the "envelope principle": when using standard operating posture 1, the sweeping core area of ​​the T-surface should not protrude beyond the envelope surrounding the fingers and palm, i.e., it should not emerge from the curved surface formed by the line connecting the outer edges of the thumb and index finger. In this case, "standard operating posture 1" is based on the thumb touching the table. Because the thumb is on the outside of surface A, transitioning from standard operating posture 1 to standard operating posture 2 requires crossing line a to reach surface T. If line a is too high, it will obstruct the smoothness of the finger's movement (see reference). Figure 5B If line b is too high, the thumb will be supported when it swings near the index finger, thus rising above the comfortable position when it is near the index finger. Figure 14 This design principle allows us to set an upper limit on the swept core area of ​​the T-plane that lies between lines a and b, preventing the swept core area from becoming too prominent and deviating from our design objectives.

[0088] Figure 10AThis diagram illustrates two scenarios and their corresponding sweep core areas and the five-finger envelope. The dashed line labeled 14 represents the envelope surrounding the five fingers of the hand, excluding the section between the thumb and index finger. Label 16 shows the envelope between the thumb and index finger in the first scenario; label 18 shows the thumb in the standard operating posture 1 position in the first scenario; the letters A and T indicate the T and A surfaces of the sweep core area in the first scenario. Label 17 shows the envelope between the thumb and index finger in the second scenario; label 19 shows the thumb in the standard operating posture 1 position in the second scenario; A′ and T′ indicate the T and A surfaces of the sweep core area in the second scenario. To make the bottom horizontal portion of the envelope line clearer, the horizontal line representing the bottom of the mouse has been slightly moved upwards.

[0089] As can be seen from the figure, in the first scheme, the swept core region of the T-plane did not break through the 16th envelope, while in the second scheme, represented by the dashed line, because line a is too high, the swept core region of the T′-plane broke through the corresponding 17th envelope.

[0090] Figure 10B This illustrates a situation where the T-plane breaks through the thumb-index finger envelope line during the sweeping core area because the b-line is positioned too high. See the dotted line section.

[0091] Figure 10C This illustrates a situation where the T-plane breaks through the thumb-index finger envelope line in the sweeping core area because both lines a and b are positioned too high. See the dotted line section.

[0092] Our fingers are surrounded by bones by muscles. When pressure is applied, the muscles are pushed apart from the center, making surfaces with small convex curves feel smoother to the touch, while completely flat surfaces feel relatively sharp and hard. Bottles, sticks, and pipes that we encounter every day all exhibit convex curves, making it easier for us to adapt to touching them without feeling restricted.

[0093] We are more responsive to the presence of curvature in objects when we touch them. And clearly, because bones push against muscles, the curvature of the concave surface that feels most comfortable to us is different from the curvature of the convex surface that feels most comfortable. Just as the curvature of the convex surface that feels most comfortable to the thumb is different from that of the little finger. However, the pressure of the thumb on the T-surface cannot be considered solely based on the curvature of the thumb pad, because in reality, the thumb cannot always press directly against the T-surface. Rather, since a mouse is essentially a self-enclosing, convex entity in space, if the T-surface has a small curvature convex arc between points a and b, it has little impact on comfort. Furthermore, a slightly convex curve has little impact on the smoothness of thumb movement.

[0094] For the thumb to move smoothly on the T-plane, in a vertical cross-section traversing the sweeping core area from left to right, the section line t of the T-plane in the sweeping core area (representing the left-right movement of the T-plane) is suitable to be represented as an "approximately straight line," including being a straight line. Figure 12 A) A straight line with small arcs at both ends ( Figure 12 B) A small-curvature upward-convex arc ( Figure 12 C), a concave arc with a small curvature ( Figure 12 G) etc.

[0095] Practice has shown that the external angle between surface A and surface B ( Figure 3B Provided that the median angle (y) is greater than 90 degrees (meaning that the angle of the arc that is tangent to both A and B at their two endpoints a and b is also greater than 90 degrees), if the section line t of the strip-shaped curved surface T connecting the two in the swept core area is a convex arc, it can still maintain a good effect as long as the arc degree is no greater than 30 degrees, and the surface T can still maintain the distinctiveness of an independent surface (if the arc degree is equal to y, it means that it can be tangent to both A and B at their two endpoints a and b at the same time, which will make the curvature at a and b continuous, and the clear boundary will not be visible, and the distinctiveness will disappear. Below 30 degrees, compared with the value of y, it is significantly different and is a very small value).

[0096] Among the excellent solutions developed in practice, the highest convex arc reached 20-25 degrees.

[0097] More preferably, the small curvature upward convex arc or small curvature downward concave arc refers to an arc whose curvature is no greater than 20°.

[0098] Besides the "path" problem illustrated in Figure 4, if the radius of t is larger, and rounded corners are used at the interface between surfaces, the independence of surface T (in this case) can easily disappear. Taking a typical scenario where the angle β of surface B is 35 degrees and surface A is perpendicular to the horizontal plane (θ = 0°) as an example, the exterior angles of surfaces A and B are 125 degrees. A full-width, 125-degree arc can completely connect the thumb-side elevation A and the key surface B, thus completely eliminating the T region (both left and right boundaries a and b disappear). Even if T is completely merged with only one of surfaces A or B (merging only line b, or only line a), it's difficult to say that the concept of surface T still exists there, because its regional boundaries cannot be identified. That is, surface T (in this cross-sectional view) loses its "observability". However, the observability of the T-plane is actually for the purpose of ensuring the design of the T-plane (sweeping core area). The abstract plane that supports the thumb swinging between line a and line b is far removed from the convex / concave arc of the height number (the convex / concave arc of the height number will cause problems such as "path").

[0099] However, it is important to note that the T-plane is a spatial curved surface, which will be discussed later when we talk about the concepts of "front area" and "tail area". It includes a core area designed to support the pressing and swinging of the first knuckle of the thumb, as well as parts that extend forward and backward. If there is fusion only in a certain cross-sectional view, it does not mean that the "strip-like" feature of the T-plane does not exist. In this case, you should avoid choosing the wrong analysis section - don't make such a basic mistake.

[0100] If the convex arc segment is not a perfect circle, if the convex arc segment has a change in curvature, and if the change in curvature is discontinuous, such as... Figure 12 The arc at point D only occupies half the width of line t, which directly violates the "smooth oscillation" design principle of this invention. If the curvature change is continuous, such as... Figure 12 In the case shown in E, the arc is tangent to a straight line to form line t. The angle between the tangents at the two endpoints of the arc can be measured directly, excluding interference from the rounded corners at both ends (if any).

[0101] However, if surface T is concave, it means that sharper corners and ridges will appear. In fact, a slightly concave surface is like having a slightly pointed edge at the edge of the surface—between a and b—which will feel somewhat sharp to the touch (see reference). Figure 4B (Angle ω′ is sharper than angle ω). The small convex arc at points a and b creates the feeling of rounded corners at the intersection of surfaces (see reference). Figure 4A ).

[0102] If t is a concave arc, it means that when the thumb makes a fan-shaped swing from a to b, it lacks support at the lower part of the concave area and falls off its own plane of movement in the middle. If the thumb starts from line a and swings along line t in an arc-shaped trajectory, then at point b, the finger needs to be lifted additionally, and this will feel like an obstruction. (Reference) Figure 4B This indicates that the design does not adequately guide finger movements and cannot achieve the ultimate smoothness and naturalness.

[0103] If the arc is like Figure 12 As shown in F, and with the thumb in the most comfortable position in the middle of the concave arc, its swing to both sides will feel blocked, requiring an additional height to go further. However, this violates the principle that "the sweeping core area of ​​the T-plane decreases from the b-line side to the a-line side." The path from the b-line to the a-line involves a process of "first decreasing, then increasing."

[0104] Therefore, the case where the profile line t is approximately a straight line but exhibits a concave arc with a small curvature is considered a degraded solution. "Small curvature" means that the arc's radius is no greater than 30 degrees. Figure 12 G). For example, the length of line t is 20mm and the vertex of the concave arc deviates from the chord by 1mm.

[0105] Curves with an arc degree greater than 30 degrees can be considered to have created a "groove". For example, a 30-degree arc will have a 1.5mm deep groove when the length of the chord (t line) is 20mm, and a 3mm deep groove when the length of the chord (t line) is 40mm. If the arc degree is greater than 30 degrees, the degree of groove will be significantly higher.

[0106] For non-circular arcs, the above method can also be used to measure the degree of indentation by the ratio of the indentation depth to the chord length.

[0107] If the sweep core area is significantly concave, resembling a groove for accommodating a finger, it does not fall under the category of an extremely thumb-optimized structure recognized by this invention. A groove would "stick" and hinder the finger so that while a normal grip is possible, the finger would be significantly "sticked" and unable to slide freely. Furthermore, using the groove primarily for gripping defeats the purpose of "pulling the thumb gripping surface further away, transforming it into plane A, and primarily using standard operating posture 1 to pick up the mouse."

[0108] The groove designed to accommodate the thumb can be considered as explicitly rejecting the idea of ​​"allowing the thumb to move." If the T-side sweeping area actually presents a groove designed for the finger, it can be directly considered not to be a solution in line with the concept of this invention. The "groove" is actually an old design idea of ​​"fixing the position of the finger," derived from the thumb side of traditional mice (see reference). Figure 9 (See figures A, B, C, D, E, and F), but this approach has its limitations. The comprehensive solution involving surfaces A, T, and B provided by this invention offers superior ergonomics compared to the groove solution.

[0109] The so-called "strip-shaped curved surface" defined in this invention for the T-surface, including its swept core region, explicitly does not have a design purpose of "providing a groove to accommodate a finger." The following characteristics can be considered as indicating the presence of a "groove to accommodate a finger": the entire T-surface is part of a cylindrical groove, and the acute angle δ of the intersection of the tangents at both ends of the T-line is greater than 30 degrees (see reference). Figure 12 H); A portion of the T-surface includes a cylindrical groove of a size usable by a finger (see reference). Figure 12 K); The T-face exhibits "interface creases," thus being divided into two or more faces (see reference). Figure 12 M); The T-section line has short, vertical arcs (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) in some areas, the scale of which can be used by fingers (see reference). Figure 12 (Pointed to by arrow 20);

[0110] In addition, because the design purpose of the sweeping core area is to distribute the main holding part to facade A (see reference) Figure 11A. The thumb has two standard working positions. Therefore, if the slope of surface A is too large, it is not suitable for the thumb to hold the mouse (it cannot share the holding work). This proves that area T needs to mainly bear the holding work (i.e., it is more likely that the groove in area T is designed to fit the fingers for stable holding and picking up the mouse). (Reference) Figure 11 The scheme shown in B, with its line treatment (large arc, large tilt angle) at the position corresponding to the facade A mentioned in this article, and with its line treatment (grooves) at the position corresponding to the strip-shaped surface T mentioned in this article, makes the corresponding position of the T area suitable for thumb gripping while the corresponding position of the A area is not suitable for thumb gripping. Therefore, it can be considered that it does not have the same design purpose as the present invention in the T area.

[0111] Setting the b-line: The b-line is located at the rear end of the sweep core area. Ideally, it should be positioned where the index finger is in its standard working position, with the thumb close to the index finger—at the lower gap between the two fingers, between their cylindrical bodies. For a right-handed mouse, this can generally be considered the position of the left edge projection of the index finger.

[0112] Figure 13 The part indicated by reference number 21 is "the rear end of line b (closer to the user) within the sweep core area".

[0113] As mentioned earlier, when the thumb and index finger are brought together, the thumb is positioned below the index finger on the outer edge of the palm. Figure 7B ), and side by side in the same plane on the palm ( Figure 7C These are all deliberate postures that require effort to maintain. Therefore, the comfortable position of the thumb and index finger is between the two positions mentioned above, and diagonally towards the index finger (in...). Figure 7F The position of number 12 is located in the direction of the thumb (but adjacent to the index finger). When the thumb is in this comfortable position, its position relative to the palm is fixed, but the range of restriction on the T side varies when we set different tilt angles of the palm (corresponding to side B).

[0114] The T-plane might be too high, causing the thumb to press against the palmar plane. This height is caused by the T-plane's tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane; its descent relative to line b is not rapid enough, resulting in the thumb being too close to the palmar plane. Alternatively, it could be said that the supplementary angle of the γ angle doesn't leave enough space to accommodate the thumb. See... Figure 14Figure A illustrates a cross-section of a right-handed mouse. The five solid ellipses represent the five fingers of the right hand: thumb (34), index finger (35), middle finger (36), ring finger (37), and little finger (38). Line B is shown, representing the intersection of the T-side and B-side, located in the gap below the index finger when the thumb is naturally close to it. Dashed lines indicate designs where the thumb is raised due to the horizontal angle of the T-side. The dashed line (32) represents the T-side in this design, and the dashed ellipse (33) represents the position of the thumb closest to the index finger in this design; it is clearly higher at position 33 than at position 34.

[0115] Another scenario is equivalent to a T-shaped surface with a transition area, featuring a strip-like region at the top. Because the angle of this strip-like region is insufficient, it raises the thumb from its comfortable position. Figure 14 B. To simplify the drawing, only the T-side and B-side of the schematic diagram of the mouse cross-section are retained. Since the position of line a, which serves as the lower endpoint, is fixed, this effectively creates an additional protruding broken line between line a and the "optimal position of line b." Even if this extra area is intentionally set up for additional function keys (keys beyond the main keys), it is still a degraded solution because the additional function keys could be placed in the area forward of the sweep core region of the T-side ("front area").

[0116] Another situation is equivalent to the b-line being positioned incorrectly. Because there's a main button under the index finger, it's difficult to position the b-line (which is the high starting point of the T-side when connected to the a-line) too deep under the index finger. However, it's easier to achieve this by positioning it slightly outwards from the optimal point. In this case, the b-line deviates from the outer edge of the index finger and extends "significantly" towards the thumb side (to position b'). This relatively extended B-side will lift the thumb, raising it into the palm plane. See... Figure 14 C.

[0117] Figure 14 D shows a situation where surface B extends towards the thumb, so that when the thumb tries to approach the index finger, it is completely supported by surface B. Under these circumstances, the dotted line in the diagram would severely impede the thumb's movement between its most comfortable position near the index finger and surface A; in fact, the thumb cannot reach its "most comfortable position" near the index finger in this situation at all.

[0118] These relatively raised structures that elevate the thumb restrict its movement as it approaches the index finger, creating an obstacle and reducing the user experience. This also indicates that our design does not adequately guide finger movement.

[0119] When the core area of ​​the T-sweep is still clearly identifiable, these types of solutions can be clearly considered as "degraded solutions" of the present invention because they would obstruct the natural swing of the thumb.

[0120] The front end of line b: Because the thumb only has two knuckles, it is difficult for it to bend and extend further forward into the sweeping core area (it cannot reach it). Therefore, line b is less restricted in the middle and further forward of the sweeping core area, allowing for more flexible design principles. It can choose to extend forward into the sweeping core area with a visually equal width, or visually maintain a near-parallel extension with the index finger, or follow other visual or functional design objectives.

[0121] The "sweeping core area"—the thumb's range of motion on the T-surface—is defined as the area covered by the pad of the thumb on the first phalanx during a fan-shaped thumb swing. Because the second phalanx of the thumb has thinner bones, it is often not under pressure in many situations where the thumb needs support; this is why we define a "sweeping core area" for the first phalanx.

[0122] The "front area" on the T-face is defined as the area that the first phalanx of the thumb cannot reach during normal operation (two types: standard operating posture 1 and standard operating posture 2). There are no special restrictions.

[0123] The "tail area" on the T-face is defined as the portion of the strip-shaped T-face extending backward from the "sweeping core area." This corresponds to the portion of the second phalanx of the thumb and extends further back.

[0124] The front surface of a mouse is generally limited to the length of the index and middle fingers. The thumb's sweeping range typically cannot reach the front surface. However, since the visual design doesn't necessarily require the front area to extend beyond the area covered by the index and middle fingers (which the thumb cannot reach), its existence is inevitable. Furthermore, because the front area is not easily reached by the thumb, its collapse / lowering or protrusion at the front does not affect the core ergonomic purpose of this invention, allowing for flexible design principles. It can coordinate with the design direction of the B-line and A-line, or it can have independent raised or recessed features based on visual design requirements or the purpose of providing additional space for function buttons. Because of the inevitable existence of the T-surface "front area," the sweeping core area cannot participate in the "fusion" with the mouse's front surface.

[0125] Because the front area does not contact the thumb, the b-line and a-line of the front area, as the turning edges between surfaces, do not need to be rounded to accommodate the thumb's swinging motion across the surface. Therefore, the front area can generally clearly show that the T-surface is a "strip-shaped curved surface".

[0126] exist Figure 13In the diagram: Label 21 indicates the "rear end of the b-line in the sweep core area", label 22 indicates the front end of the b-line, label 24 indicates the "front area", label 26 indicates the "tail area", and label 5 indicates the sweep core area. The dashed line indicated by label 23 represents another b-line design scheme, where its front end gradually moves away from the index finger. This makes the width of the T-side appear more uniform, and it also lowers the height of the front left corner of the B-side.

[0127] In the case of a horizontal mouse where the width is greater than the length, if the front and back dimensions of the mouse body are relatively short, the rear end of the mouse may be "covered" by the area swept by the thumb – the sweeping core area is truncated by the rear end and only a partial entity remains – the tail area may not exist at all.

[0128] If the mouse has a tail end face but no tail area, then because the mouse is relatively short in length, the index and ring fingers cannot move forward indefinitely (they will go beyond the button area and hover in the air). Therefore, in the two standard operating postures 1 and 2, the second knuckle of the thumb will not touch the A-side or T-side, and there will be no situation where the second knuckle of the thumb touches the rear edge of the T-side in an inclined posture. The first knuckle of the thumb, the pad of the thumb, can be placed directly on the T-side and the side of the A-side. At this time, the sweep core area cannot participate in the "fusion" with the rear end face of the mouse, so as to ensure that the strip-shaped curved surface T has sufficient curvature under the pad of the thumb (sufficient height, support, no collapse, sufficient extension area) and the largest surface contact range when the sweep core area is "incomplete".

[0129] Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 21 , Figure 22 The mouse is a horizontal mouse structure where the width is greater than its length. Figure 15 It is in the state of standard operating posture 1. Figure 16 To illustrate its state in standard operating posture 2, its swept core region 5 is incomplete. Its tail end face (shown as 26) is clearly visible and named surface D.

[0130] The mouse is generally low-profile, with the height of the A-side being the width of one thumb, and the width of the T-side (w) being approximately 1.2 thumb widths. The α angle of the T-side is approximately 20 degrees, and the β angle of the B-side is approximately 12 degrees. The mouse is very short in the front-to-back direction, and during operation, the index and middle fingers do not rest tightly on the keyboard surface, but rather operate in a slightly bent manner, primarily using the pads of the first knuckles of the fingers to contact the keyboard surface.

[0131] The rear end of the b-line (labeled 21) is located where the edge of the mouse's tail intersects with the outer edge of the index finger's projection (the edge on the thumb side). Because the mouse is relatively low and the front of the mouse buttons is even lower, in order to allow the limited sweep core area to better contact the thumb in standard operating posture 2, the b-line does not continue along the direction of the index finger as it extends forward. The front end of the b-line (labeled 22) gradually moves away from the index finger. Together with the sweep core area and the A-side design, this makes the entire T-side form a roughly rectangular panel. At the same time, the B-side has its area enlarged at the diagonal angle, forming a triangular area that can be freely arranged (labeled 27).

[0132] As can be seen in this example, surface A is not parallel to line c on the ring finger side in the front-to-back direction. Instead, it expands outwards towards the front to accommodate the angle of the thumb's connection with the palm in this position. This also ensures that the direction of the thumb's force corresponds to the gripping force of the ring and little fingers, resulting in better mouse control. Line b is approximately parallel to line a, forming a rectangle with a consistent angle as the panel. This provides the thumb with good tactile feedback throughout this small area (surface T) and allows for the placement of some function buttons.

[0133] If a mouse has a tail end face and a tail area, the tail area can blend with the tail end face due to surface continuity and smooth tactile feedback. "Blending" means that the curvature and rate of change of curvature are equal, causing the boundaries between surfaces to disappear. The blending of the tail area with the mouse tail end face ensures that when the thumb rises from the desktop and touches the blended edge with the second knuckle, it won't feel uncomfortable. Figure 13 The dotted line indicated by number 25 shows that lines a and b gradually disappear in this area, and the curvatures of surfaces A, T, and B merge.

[0134] For traditional vertically elongated mice where the length exceeds the width, incorporating this design requires careful consideration of the "contraction" at the tail. This is because when a vertically elongated mouse extends far into the palm, the width at the tail needs to accommodate the muscles at the base of the thumb (thenar eminence, abductor pollicis brevis, and flexor pollicis brevis muscles). This is a common design feature seen in many traditional mice; in most vertically elongated mice, the left and right sides converge, shrink, merge, and disappear at the tail because the space under the palm ultimately disappears at the tail. Since this is not a core focus of this invention, it will not be discussed further.

[0135] The "strip-shaped surface" T of this invention emphasizes that it is not a surface that disappears by "completely merging" with surfaces A and B, but rather a separate, distinguishable surface with its own design features to highlight its design purpose and ensure its design effect. The purpose of this invention is to achieve further optimization of ergonomics. This means that the swept core area surface of surface T will not completely merge with the curvature of surface B, thus preventing the independence / independent image of surface T from disappearing (see reference). Figure 18 C), so that the curvature of the T-side doesn't simultaneously merge with that of the A-side and the B-side, causing the T-side's independence / independent image to disappear (see reference). Figure 17 C).

[0136] In contrast, in patent ZL200820126794.6 by the same inventor, Shen Jinpo, a single-groove or double-groove structure for the ring finger, or for both the ring and little fingers, was described in a horizontal mouse design. Furthermore, based on the aim of designing a symmetrical mouse suitable for both left and right hands, it was mentioned that the grooves were mirrored onto the thumb side. However, the ring and little fingers of the human hand have three joints, which descend from the height of the palm to the table. Therefore, the preferred design for the grooves is one that is lower at the front of the mouse and gradually rises towards the rear. The thumb, however, only has two joints, and it typically reaches the mouse from the table at an upward angle. Therefore, the last paragraph of the "Invention Content" section of that patent document mentions that "the structural shape of the extensions on both sides must simultaneously consider the characteristics of use by the corresponding ring and little fingers and the corresponding thumb."

[0137] Appendix ZL2008 2 0126794.6 Figure 8 In both examples, and in the design patent ZL2017 3 0478643.1 by the same inventor, Shen Jinpo, the grooves are outside the contact area of ​​the thumb; the thumb contacts the complete curved surface of the mouse shell without grooves. No deliberately designed features for further enhancement or optimization appear in the corresponding area. Figure 17 C)

[0138] In the basic series of patents and design patents for horizontal mice, apart from the "extension segment," one of the fundamental technical features of "horizontal mice," which separates the thumb from the index finger and provides some support, there are no other special design features. The thumb is essentially integrated naturally with the top surface. Figure 17 , Figure 18 Sometimes it also blends in with facade A. Figure 17 ).

[0139] Depend on Figure 17 B shows that when supported by the thumb, the contact area is small, resulting in high pressure. Note: Figure 17 The diagram for B does not show the three fingers behind the index finger.

[0140] exist Figure 18 The main problem with the design patent ZL2018 3 0086329.3 by the same inventor, myself, Shen Jinpo, is the lack of a clear right-side push surface; the top surface (the surface where the main button is located) is low, and there is insufficient height space to establish a sufficiently effective inclined T-surface; and because of the curvature of its upper surface in the front-back direction, the contact area between the thumb and the support surface is still relatively small when the thumb adopts a support posture (similar to the posture of standard operating posture 2), and the comfort of support and the control force at this time are much smaller than the design scheme described in this invention.

[0141] At the same time, because these designs are all based on symmetry, the design purpose of "raising the index finger side to increase the swing space of the thumb" is not shown, and of course, there is no tilt angle (on the button surface) that is close to the natural posture of the palm.

[0142] In contrast. Figure 21 Use three pictures, A, B, and C, to illustrate Figure 15 , Figure 16 The left-hand view of the mouse instance shown. Figure 21 A corresponds to Figure 15 For standard operating posture 1, the thumb is on the side of side A; Figure 21 B corresponds to Figure 16 For standard operating posture 2, press your thumb on the T-surface and partially press the edge of line a; Figure 21 C is also the standard operating posture 2, but the thumb is closer to the index finger (closer to line b). It is evident that when using the solution of this invention, in the standard operating posture 2, the thumb can have a large contact area with the support surface. Figure 21 The three figures also show the curvature changes of lines a and b from the left-hand perspective. Figure 21 B and Figure 21 C also shows the movement of the thumb on the T-surface.

[0143] Figure 19 This is roughly the state a person's hand will appear when it is naturally relaxed and placed on a table, shown in the diagram looking from the fingertips towards the wrist. That is, due to the support of the thumb and little finger on the table, the base of the four fingers, placed side-by-side, will be in a position where the index finger side is the highest and the little finger side is the lowest. The four fingers are lower at the fingertips and higher at the base because the fingertips are in contact with the table.

[0144] Because a mouse is actually a self-contained, protruding entity in space, while a human hand is a single entity composed of five interconnected fingers, the dimensions and angles of the facet A, support surface T, and main button area B, along with the natural structure and dimensions of the human hand, interact and influence each other. There is room for reasonable and optimized values. Understanding the range and reasons for these values ​​will make it easier to design excellent mouse products.

[0145] Figure 20 The influence between the height of facade A (in the swept core area), the tilt angle of the swept area of ​​facade T, the width of the swept area of ​​facade T, and the tilt angle of facade B is shown.

[0146] The angle between surface B and the horizontal plane, angle β, affects the height of line b on the outer side of the index finger. The vertical height difference and horizontal distance between line b and line a both affect the tilt angle of the swept area of ​​surface T, i.e., angle α. The horizontal distance w between line b and line a is the projected width of the swept area of ​​surface T. Line a is the top edge of surface A, so the height of line a is the height of surface A. Angle γ is formed by surface T and surface B, and is determined by the combined tilt angle α of the swept area of ​​surface T and the tilt angle β of surface B.

[0147] In mouse design, tilting the main button surface and raising the index finger side higher than the middle finger side not only makes the forearm angle closer to the natural posture of the human body, but also provides a force application surface for the four fingers of the hand to push the mouse in one direction with the thumb side, which has a good pushing force component.

[0148] However, this tilt is limited. For example, the base of the index finger cannot be 5 or even 10 finger diameters higher than the base of the little finger; this is impossible.

[0149] When the tilt angle of the key surface is greater than 45 degrees, the horizontal component of the force applied vertically to the key surface will be greater than the vertical component (the component in the direction of gravity), which will increase the likelihood of the mouse sliding on the desktop. At the same time, the larger the tilt angle, the more severe the situation will be where the upper finger slides down the slope due to gravity, thus pressing on the lower finger. Therefore, the angle β between the curved surface B where the main key area is located and the horizontal plane should preferably not be greater than 45°, that is, 0°<β≤45°.

[0150] Because a small β angle would be too close to horizontal and insufficient to have a significant impact, a lower limit of at least 5° is recommended. Based on the limitations of the human body's natural structure and design practices that prioritize human comfort, an upper limit of no more than 35° is recommended. Therefore, the preferred range for the β angle is 5° ≤ β ≤ 35°.

[0151] Because the mouse button cover (the mouse shell that can be pressed during operation) and the outer shell of the area it is located on are often curved surfaces, the angle β between the curved surface B where the main button area is located and the horizontal plane, or the angle β between the main button area and the horizontal plane, can be measured in different appropriate ways, including: the line and plane formed by the line connecting the left and right edges of the main button area (equivalent to the left edge of the left button to the right edge of the right button); the tangent (tangent plane) at the center position of the left and right directions of the button area (generally the scroll wheel is at the center position of the left and right directions); the angle formed by the mouse shell at these two lines after extending the center line of the left and right directions by equal distances to both sides; the angle of the oblique line (oblique plane) formed by the line connecting the third knuckle of the index finger and the third knuckle of the middle finger in the standard operating posture, etc.

[0152] The surface B where the main key area is located has a left-right tilt with the index finger side higher and the little finger side lower, and sometimes (depending on the needs of different designs) it also has a front-back tilt with the fingertip side lower and the finger root side higher.

[0153] Considering the differences in finger shape and thickness among different users, and the differences in shape and thickness among the five fingers of the same person, when describing the height of surface A and the width of surface T using "finger diameter," since these parts are designed with the thumb as the target, it can be assumed that the diameter of the thumb is used as the standard. Considering that the thumb is generally a flattened cylinder, not a perfect circle, the width of the thumb (the major axis of the ellipse) can also be considered as the standard for "finger diameter." Therefore, "the diameter of 0.5 fingers" can be understood as the semi-major axis of the elliptical cross-section of the thumb. Because the final mass-produced product of the same design will be sold to many different end users, this dimension described by "finger diameter" will naturally produce slight errors for different users. Therefore, the data error caused by whether the thumb is considered a cylinder or an elliptical cylinder is negligible, thus simplifying the discussion.

[0154] The thumb grips the working surface, "Face A". As mentioned earlier, it is preferably a vertical surface, that is, the angle or equivalent angle with the horizontal plane is 90°. If the angle or equivalent angle with the horizontal plane deviates from this 90° reference angle and is tilted relative to the vertical direction, the "equivalent tilt angle θ" should not be greater than 15° to continue to ensure a good experience.

[0155] Within the sweeping core area, the height of facade A (i.e., the height of line a), which is the width of the surface the thumb needs to grip, will be difficult to hold if it is less than 0.5 finger diameters, creating an obstacle to picking it up. Considering that the same product will be sold to different people and that users' finger shapes and thicknesses vary, a lower limit of 0.8 finger diameter is suitable to ensure a reasonable design effect.

[0156] The height of facade A, within the swept core area, is preferably within a range of 1 to 2 finger diameters, with a typical value of 1.5 finger diameters. The upper limit of facade A's height within the swept core area is clearly influenced by the "envelope principle," as well as the combined effects of the height of line b and the tilt angle of the swept core area on facade T. Therefore, not imposing an "absolutely prohibited upper limit" on it will obviously not lead to design mismanagement.

[0157] However, the A-line is a three-dimensional line. When extending forward and backward, it can not only curve left and right but also vary in height. Since the front end of the A-line is outside the thumb's reach, it can be raised or lowered to suit the overall mouse design. The rear end of the A-line (behind the sweep core area, at the base of the thumb), if present, can have a suitable height variation or disappear in the interfacial blending to avoid affecting the smoothness of thumb movement and grip comfort. This is done (the rear end of the A-line disappears in the interfacial blending) because the range of motion at the base of the thumb is relatively smaller behind the sweep core area. (If the mouse is a horizontal layout mouse with a width greater than its length, the length is shorter, and the mouse body may end within the sweep core area. In this case, neither the A-line nor the T-surface will have a "rear end" beyond the sweep core area).

[0158] This invention designs and creates a strip-shaped curved surface T, and specifies that its sweep core area has an upward sloping trend from line a to line b. The design purpose of the sweep core area includes providing guidance and support for the swing of the thumb, providing support for the thumb in the standard operating posture 2 as a second working position, providing the horizontal component force required for the thumb to push the mouse horizontally, and not affecting the smoothness of switching between postures.

[0159] The angle of ascent reduces reliance on friction on the surface beneath the finger. If an object has a horizontal surface at its top, and the thumb rests on and touches that surface, pushing the object relies entirely on the friction between the thumb and the horizontal surface for the horizontal force. If the coefficient of friction is low, the horizontal friction provided by the weight of the thumb and palm alone is insufficient. To complete the task, additional downward pressure must be applied to increase friction—an extra physical burden compared to relying solely on the weight of the fingers / palm.

[0160] When the top surface is inclined, the pressure exerted by the thumb on the inclined surface and the thumb's weight will have a direct horizontal thrust component. Therefore, the sweep core area has an inclination angle that rises from the thumb side to the index finger side. Considering the horizontal pushing of the mouse towards the opposite side of the thumb (little finger side), this inclination angle should be larger than 0 degrees. Considering the supporting and stabilizing effect of the thumb when placed on the sweep core area, this inclination angle should be smaller than 90 degrees. Based on practical experience and taking into account factors such as not obstructing the movement of the thumb, the preferred range for this inclination angle α is 20° to 60°.

[0161] The optimal range for angle α is 20°–60°, based on a comprehensive consideration of the interplay between the height of the index finger (the height of line b), the height of surface A (the height of line a), and the width of surface T (the distance between the index finger and the thumb). If the angle is too small, there won't be enough of a tilted surface to provide sufficient support. If the angle is too large, the thumb may slip due to insufficient friction when supported in standard operating posture 2. Furthermore, increasing angle α while maintaining the height of surface A will reduce the selectable width range of surface T within the sweeping core area. However, the projection width of the portion of surface T within the sweeping core area onto the table should be at least 0.5 finger diameters to ensure adequate support for the thumb and sufficient distance between surface A and the index finger, producing the desired effect.

[0162] Therefore, it is essential to consider all factors comprehensively.

[0163] Based on practical product experience, the optimal range for the projected width of the T-side sweep core area should be between 0.5 and 2 finger diameters. 0.5 finger diameters is the lower limit. Reaching 1 finger width will effectively widen the A-side, making the thumb feel comfortable in both standard operating posture 2 and standard operating posture 1. In different designs, a projected width of 2 fingers is still very comfortable. However, considering the shortness of the thumb and the upper limit of its opening angle, it's easy to understand that further widening this area would make the A-side too far away, causing the thumb to be in an "over-open" state in standard operating posture 1. "Over-opening" will cause muscle tension, violating our design principles.

[0164] From the inventor's design practice, the preferred angle γ between the core area of ​​the T-side and the B-side is between 120° and 150° (90° + (30° to 60°)). At this angle, the thumb sweeping area exhibits better functional performance. A typical value for the γ angle is preferably 135 degrees: considering the γ angle between the T-side and the B-side, since the known limit positions of the thumb's swing angle are on the α swing plane perpendicular to the palm and the β swing plane within the palm plane, and the swing limit is greater than or equal to 90°, theoretically, the optimal position of the T-side that provides comfortable guidance for the mixed α and β swing of the thumb should be at an angle of γ = 135°, at an angle where the two swings are balanced and mixed.

[0165] Because the sweeping core area of ​​the T-zone does not participate in the integration with the front and rear surfaces of the mouse, the strip-shaped T-zone will be a prominent design feature in both horizontal mouse designs with short front and rear dimensions and vertically elongated mouse designs with long front and rear dimensions.

[0166] Definition of "Primary Button Area": ​​The area where the main buttons are located. Since its invention, the mouse has contained at least one button and a tracking system. Currently, mainstream computer operating systems, such as Windows, standardly support a "left button (primary button)," a "right button (secondary button)," a "middle button (button below the scroll wheel)," and a scroll wheel that indicates "up" and "down." Apple's operating system, for a period in its history, only had one button and a scroll wheel (ball). The "primary button area" refers to the area where the most important button (such as the "left button" in Windows) is located. Other buttons may be adjacent to the primary button, forming a larger area, or they may be located in a separate area. Attached Figure Description

[0167] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0168] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention in standard operating posture 1 and its cross-sectional view.

[0169] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention in standard operating posture 2 and its cross-section.

[0170] Figure 3 uses a cross-section of an abstract mouse to illustrate the location and name of the key variables in this invention.

[0171] Figure 4A Explain the different effects on the (swinging) motion of the thumb when the t-line sweeping the core area is a (large) convex arc compared to when the t-line is a straight line.

[0172] Figure 4B Explain the different effects on the (swinging) motion of the thumb when the t-line sweeping the core area is a (large) concave arc compared to when the t-line is a straight line.

[0173] Figure 5A Explain the effect of tilting facade A inward at a large angle on the transition of the thumb from standard operating posture 1 to standard operating posture 2.

[0174] Figure 5B Explain the impact of excessively high facade A on the transition of the thumb from standard operating posture 1 to standard operating posture 2.

[0175] Figure 6This is used to explain the effects of different tilt angles and different curvatures of facade A.

[0176] Figure 7 illustrates the natural hand gestures, deliberate hand gestures, and the movement capabilities of the thumb.

[0177] Figure 8 This demonstrates a typical traditional mouse operation gesture and the position of each finger at that moment.

[0178] Figure 9 Discuss the different designs of the mouse's side profile on the thumb side.

[0179] Figure 10 shows the “Envelope Principle” and various forms of violation of the Envelope Principle when sweeping the core area on the T-plane.

[0180] Figure 11 A is shown in the cross-sectional diagram, illustrating the division of labor between surface A and surface T.

[0181] Figure 11 B presents a design case in the sectional diagram that does not conform to the division of labor between surface A and surface T.

[0182] Figure 12 Various different states of the cross section t of the sweeping core area segment T.

[0183] Figure 13 This is the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0184] Figure 14 This demonstrates the impact of the b-line setting on our ergonomic purposes.

[0185] Figure 15 This is the third embodiment of the horizontal mouse scheme of the present invention, standard operating posture 1.

[0186] Figure 16 This is the third embodiment of the horizontal mouse scheme of the present invention, standard operating posture 2.

[0187] Figure 17 The following is a comparative example that does not employ the solution of this invention: ZL201730478643.1.

[0188] Figure 18 The following is a comparative example that does not employ the solution of this invention: ZL201830086329.3.

[0189] Figure 19 The image shows the general state of a person's hand when it is naturally relaxed and placed on a table, viewed from the fingertips towards the wrist.

[0190] Figure 20 The influence between the height of facade A (in the swept core area), the tilt angle of the swept area of ​​facade T, the width of the swept area of ​​facade T, and the tilt angle of facade B is shown.

[0191] Figure 21 Using three diagrams, A, B, and C, the standard operating posture 1 and standard operating posture 2 of the third embodiment are shown from the left-hand perspective.

[0192] Figure 22 The third embodiment of the present invention is supplemented with a separate three-dimensional external view, in which the cover of the palm is removed, and the drawing of the buttons and scroll wheel is also omitted. Detailed Implementation

[0193] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is the first embodiment of the present invention: a vertically elongated mouse, wherein the length of the mouse body in the front-to-back direction is greater than its width in the left-to-right direction. Figure 1 Demonstrate standard operating posture 1. Figure 2 Demonstrate standard operating posture 2. In the sweep core area section: A-side is vertical, and the height (h) of A-side is 1.5 thumb widths. A-side gradually expands in front of the mouse. T-side sweeps the core area (horizontal projection width) and is 0.8 thumb widths (w). The width of the front area of ​​T-side gradually increases. The α angle is approximately 45°, the β angle is approximately 20°, and the γ angle is approximately 115°.

[0194] Figure 13 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Based on the first embodiment, it uses a dashed line scheme to show that after the b line adopts a different design style, a T-surface with a relatively uniform width is formed. In order to maintain the simplicity of the design, the height of the B-surface at the fingertip end is also reduced compared to the first embodiment.

[0195] Figure 15 , Figure 16 and Figure 21 , Figure 22 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, a horizontally laid-out mouse, wherein the length of the mouse body in the front-to-back direction is smaller than its width in the left-to-right direction. Figure 1 Demonstrate standard operating posture 1. Figure 2 The standard operating posture 2 is demonstrated. Its sweeping core area is incomplete; in standard operating posture 2, it cannot fully support the first knuckle of the thumb, but only a portion of the front end of the first knuckle. It has a clearly visible tail end face (shown as 26), named the D-side. The mouse is generally low-profile; the height (h) of the A-side is the width of one thumb, the horizontal projection width (w) of the T-side is approximately 1.2 thumb widths, the α angle of the T-side is approximately 20 degrees, the β angle of the B-side is approximately 12 degrees, and the angle γ between the T-side and the B-side is approximately 148°.

Claims

1. An ergonomic structure for a mouse, characterized by: Mouse is designed for single hand, mouse itself is asymmetric left and right; Mouse main key area for index finger and middle finger operation is named B face, B face is inclined, height gradually decreases from index finger side to middle finger side, B face and horizontal plane angle β is greater than 0 degree and less than 45 degree; B face index finger outside edge is named b line, B face middle finger outside edge is named c line; Mouse side vertical surface for thumb holding contact is named A face, A face deviates from index finger outside edge a certain distance to thumb side, A face top edge is named a line; a line and b line form T face for thumb support, rest and control, T face is strip-shaped curved surface; Strip-shaped curved surface T is different from A face and B face, independent between A and B, its feature is observable; Mouse supports at least two standard operation postures, wherein standard operation posture 1 is that thumb is placed outside A face, standard operation posture 2 is that thumb is placed above T face; When using standard operation posture 2, when thumb swings left and right on T face, area that first knuckle thumb pad can touch is called sweeping core area; Sweeping core area is face that thumb touches when swinging left and right between a line and b line; In sweeping core area paragraph, a line is lower than b line, sweeping core area of T face gradually decreases from b line side to a line side; a line, b line and c line are all space curves.

2. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Design of sweeping core area is based on an abstract plane, which is formed by thumb swinging from a line to b line with shortest distance between two points, in front and back direction, this abstract plane has as large as possible contact area with first knuckle of thumb, so that contact pressure between them is as small as possible, so that relatively complete support can be formed, in left and right direction, this abstract plane shares part of weight of thumb with same slope in whole process; But because thumb itself is not simple abstract straight line or right circular cylinder, but has complex curved surface shape, And thumb mainly swings in fan shape, And sweeping core area needs to cooperate with actual shape of other parts of mouse, so actual sweeping core area is not an ideal mathematical plane, but has proper curvature change; Design purpose of sweeping core area includes providing guidance and support for swing of thumb, providing support for thumb as second working position when using standard operation posture 2, providing horizontal component force needed by thumb when horizontally pushing mouse, not affecting smooth switching between standard operation posture 1 and standard operation posture 2.

3. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In vertical section of mouse in left and right direction through sweeping core area, section line t of T face is straight line or straight line with small transition circular arc at both ends.

4. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In vertical section of mouse in left and right direction through sweeping core area, section line t of T face is small curvature convex arc line, wherein small curvature means that degree of arc is not greater than 30°, if the arc line is not positive circular arc, it is converted into equivalent positive circular arc for measurement.

5. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the vertical section of the mouse in the left-right direction through the sweeping core area, the profile line t of the T face is a concave arc with a small curvature, i.e. the degree of the arc is not greater than 30°, and if the arc is not a positive circular arc, it is converted into an equivalent positive circular arc for measurement.

6. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the vertical section of the mouse in the left-right direction through the sweeping core area, the profile line t of the T face is a concave arc with a degree not greater than 20°, and if the arc is not a positive circular arc, it is converted into an equivalent positive circular arc for measurement.

7. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The side surface A for the thumb to hold and contact, in the sweeping core area paragraph, the angle deviated from the vertical face, or the equivalent angle deviated from the vertical face, θ, is not greater than 15°.

8. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the use of the standard operation posture 1, the sweeping core area of the T face does not protrude from the envelope surface around the human hand and palm, i.e. does not protrude from the curved surface formed by the outer edge connecting line of the thumb and the index finger, and at this time the standard operation posture 1 is based on the thumb contacting the desktop.

9. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle α between the T face in the sweeping core area paragraph and the horizontal plane is 20°≤α≤60°.

10. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, wherein: The angle β between the B face and the horizontal plane is 5°≤β≤35°.

11. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle γ between the sweeping core area of the T face and the B face is in the range of 120°-150°.

12. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection width w of the T face in the sweeping core area paragraph on the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 0.5 thumb width and less than or equal to 2 thumb width.

13. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height h of the side surface A in the sweeping core area paragraph is in the range of 0.8-1.5 thumb width.

14. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mouse has a width dimension in the left-right direction greater than its length dimension in the front-back direction, which is a horizontal layout mouse.

15. The ergonomic structure of a mouse according to claim 1, wherein: The mouse has a length dimension in the front-back direction greater than its width dimension in the left-right direction, which is a vertical layout mouse.

16. An ergonomic mouse characterized by: The mouse has the ergonomic structure described in claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15.

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