Operation part for endoscope and endoscope

Abstract

The utility model provides an operation part for an endoscope and the endoscope. The operating part comprises a first holding part, a cable connecting part and a first button; the first holding part comprises a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface which are sequentially connected around the longitudinal direction of the first holding part; the cable connecting part extends from the first side face to the lateral direction facing the fourth side face, and the cable connecting part is provided with a far-end side, a near-end side and a first cable connecting section; the first button is arranged on the second side face, the axis of the first button and the second side face intersect at a point C. On the far end side, the first cable connecting section and the first side face form a first boundary line which is in an arc shape and provided with a first end point and a second end point, and the point C is located between the first imaginary straight line and the second imaginary straight line in the longitudinal direction. The first imaginary straight line passes through the first end point and the second end point, and the second imaginary straight line is tangent to the first boundary line and is parallel to the first imaginary straight line. The first button may allow a user to press through the pulp of the index finger and substantially without changing the hand shape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, to an operating part for an endoscope and an endoscope. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of medical technology, insertion devices, such as endoscopes, are widely used in imaging examinations and treatments. An endoscope generally consists of three parts: a connecting part, an operating part, and an insertion part. The insertion part is the section inside the insertion port, and its tip can be bent in a controlled manner. The operating part is connected to the base of the insertion part (i.e., the side closest to the user) and is equipped with a rotating handwheel and button devices. The connecting part is connected to the operating part via a universal cable for connecting to peripheral devices such as light sources and image processors. During the examination, the user (e.g., a doctor) holds the operating part and controls the bending of the insertion tip by rotating the handwheel, and operates the peripheral devices connected to the endoscope, such as light sources or image processors, by pressing the button devices, thereby diagnosing the patient.

[0003] As the part that users need to hold for a long time and perform most of the operations during the endoscopic examination, the operating unit must take into account the user's comfort and ease of operation. However, the operating units currently on the market are still quite strenuous for users to hold and perform related operations, especially when pressing the button devices, after long-term use. Utility Model Content

[0004] To at least partially address the problems existing in the prior art, some embodiments of this application provide an operating part for an endoscope, the operating part comprising: a first grip portion, the first grip portion including a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface, and a fourth side surface sequentially connected around its longitudinal direction; a cable connection portion, the cable connection portion disposed on the first side surface and extending in a lateral direction, the lateral direction being the direction faced by the fourth side surface, the cable connection portion having a distal side and a proximal side opposite in the longitudinal direction; and a first button, the first button being disposed on the second side surface, wherein: the cable connection portion has a connection with the first grip portion. The first cable connection segment connected to the first side has a first boundary line formed with the first side at the far end of the cable connection. The first boundary line is arc-shaped and has a first endpoint A1 and a second endpoint A2. The second endpoint A2 is closer to the second side than the first endpoint A1. The axis of the first button intersects the second side at point C. Point C is located between the first imaginary line L1 and the second imaginary line L2 in the longitudinal direction. The first imaginary line L1 passes through the first endpoint A1 and the second endpoint A2. The second imaginary line L2 is tangent to the first boundary line and parallel to the first imaginary line L1.

[0005] For example, the cable connection portion further includes a second cable connection segment that extends from the end of the first cable connection segment in a lateral direction. The second cable connection segment has a first surface located on the distal side, the first surface facing the distal end of the first grip portion, and the projected outline on the surface where the first side is located is smoothly connected to the first boundary line at the first endpoint A1.

[0006] For example, the projected profile of the first surface is a straight line.

[0007] For example, the angle between the projected profile of the first surface and the longitudinal direction is in the range of 85-95 degrees.

[0008] For example, the second cable connection segment has a gradually decreasing cross-section along the direction away from the first grip.

[0009] For example, the outer surface of the second cable connection segment is a continuous and smoothly extending arc surface.

[0010] For example, the outer surface of the first cable connection segment is an arc surface that extends continuously and smoothly from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0011] For example, the first endpoint A1 is located at the junction of the first side and the fourth side.

[0012] For example, on the proximal side of the cable connector, the first cable connector segment forms a second boundary line with the first side surface, wherein: the second boundary line has a third endpoint A3 and a fourth endpoint A4, the third endpoint A3 being closer to the second side surface than the fourth endpoint A4; the third endpoint A3 coincides with the second endpoint A2.

[0013] For example, the fourth endpoint A4 is located at the junction of the first side and the fourth side, and the cable connection portion further includes a second cable connection segment. The second cable connection segment extends from the end of the first cable connection segment in a lateral direction. The second cable connection segment has a second surface located on the proximal side. The second surface faces the proximal end of the first grip portion, and the projected outline on the surface where the first side is located and the second boundary line are smoothly connected at the fourth endpoint A4.

[0014] For example, the operating part further includes a second button disposed on the second side, wherein: along the longitudinal direction, the second button is closer to the proximal side of the first grip than the first button; and the first imaginary straight line L1 intersects the outermost contour projected onto the surface where the second button is located.

[0015] For example, the second button is configured to be pressable laterally, and the protrusion height of the second button is greater than that of the first button.

[0016] For example, the operating part further includes a third button disposed on the second side, wherein: along the longitudinal direction, the third button is closer to the distal side of the first grip than the first button; and the third button is located between the first imaginary line L1 and the third imaginary line L3, the third imaginary line L3 being an extension of the projected contour line of the first surface.

[0017] For example, the operating part further includes a fourth button disposed on the second side, wherein: along the longitudinal direction, the fourth button is closer to the distal side of the first grip than the third button; and the outermost contour of the projection of the fourth button onto the surface on the first side intersects with the third imaginary straight line L3.

[0018] For example, the operating unit further includes a fifth button and a sixth button disposed on the fourth side, wherein: the fifth button and the sixth button are located on the proximal side of the first grip; in the transverse direction perpendicular to the lateral and longitudinal directions, the fifth button and the sixth button are disposed side by side, the fifth button being closer to the cable connection portion than the sixth button; and the fourth imaginary line L4 is spaced apart from the seventh imaginary line L7, and the fourth imaginary line L4 is closer to the third side than the seventh imaginary line L7, wherein the fourth imaginary line L4 extends vertically and is tangent to the outermost contour of the fifth button near the first side, and the seventh imaginary line L7 extends vertically and is tangent to the intersection line between the cable connection portion and the fourth side.

[0019] For example, in the vertical direction, the sixth button is closer to the cable connection than the fifth button.

[0020] Another aspect of this application provides an endoscope, including: an operating part as described above; and an insertion part, the base end of the insertion part being connected to the distal end of the operating part.

[0021] Based on the above-mentioned solution provided in this application, when using the first hand shape to hold the operating part, the index finger is in a relatively relaxed state, and the pad of the index finger can naturally rest on the fourth button at the bottom of the second side. The index finger is more flexible than the middle, ring, and little fingers, so even when using the first hand shape, the pad of the index finger can easily spread relative to the middle finger. Since the boundary line between the cable connection part and the first side is arc-shaped, and the intersection point C of the axis of the first button and the second side is located below the first imaginary straight line passing through the first endpoint and the second endpoint of the first boundary line, when the pad of the index finger is spread relative to the middle finger, the cable connection part will not obstruct the pivoting movement of the index finger. Therefore, the pad of the index finger can naturally rest on the first button or on the third button between the first button and the fourth button. Thus, the first button allows the user to press it with the pad of the index finger, and pressing the first button basically does not require changing the hand shape, ensuring stable operation.

[0022] This utility model description introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. This utility model description is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components or steps.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an endoscope according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 According to Figure 1 A first-view view of the operation unit in the illustrated embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 According to Figure 1 A second-view view of the operation unit in the illustrated embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 According to Figure 1 A third-view view of the operation unit in the illustrated embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 According to Figure 1 A fourth-view view of the operation unit in the illustrated embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the left hand gripping the operating part using the first hand shape;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the left hand gripping the control unit from a first-person perspective using a second-hand grip; and

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the left hand holding the control unit in a second-hand grip position from a second-view perspective.

[0032] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0033] 100. Insertion section; 110. Bending section; 120. Flexible insertion tube; 200. Operating section; 201. Instrument channel entrance; 210. First gripping section; 211. First side surface; 212. Second side surface; 2122. Support surface; 213. Third side surface; 214. Fourth side surface; 2141. Spacer protrusion; 220. Cable connection section; 221. Distal side; 222. Proximal side; 223. First boundary line; 224. First cable connection segment; 225. Second cable 2251. Connecting section; 2252. First surface; 2253. Second surface; 226. Second boundary line; 227. Outline of cable connection part; 231. First button; 232. Second button; 233. Third button; 234. Fourth button; 235. Fifth button; 236. Sixth button; 240. Second grip part; 241. Anti-slip strip; 250. Rotary handwheel; 251. First rotary handwheel; 252. Second rotary handwheel; 300. Universal cable; 400. Connecting part. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the following description, numerous details are provided to enable a thorough understanding of this application. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following description merely illustrates preferred embodiments of the application by way of example only. Furthermore, to avoid confusion with this application, some technical features well-known in the art have not been described in detail.

[0035] This application provides an endoscope. Although not illustrated, the endoscope has a known illumination optics system for illuminating the opening and a known observation optics system for photographing and observing the opening illuminated by the illumination optics system. The endoscope also includes one or more of the following: an air / water supply unit for cleaning the objective lens (not shown) of the observation optics system; and an aspiration unit for aspirating living tissue and blood.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the endoscope may include an insertion portion 100 for insertion into a port. The insertion portion 100 may include a curved portion 110 at its distal end, the distal end of which may include a tip. An optical imaging element of the aforementioned observation optical system may be provided on the tip. An instrument channel opening for the extension of a treatment instrument may also be provided on the tip. The insertion portion 100 may further include a flexible insertion tube 120 connected to the proximal end of the curved portion 110. The proximal end refers to the end of the endoscope closer to the user (i.e., the operator, such as a doctor) during use, and the distal end refers to the end closer to the patient and farther from the user. The endoscope may also include an operating portion 200, which may be connected to the proximal end of the flexible insertion tube 120. The operating portion 200 is held by one of the user's hands, particularly the left hand. The bending direction of the curved portion 110 can be controlled via the operating portion 200. In an embodiment not shown, a rigid tube without flexibility may be provided between the curved portion 110 and the operating portion 200. The base end of the insertion portion 100 is connected to the distal end of the operation portion 200. When the insertion portion 100 includes an instrument channel, the instrument channel can extend from the insertion portion 100 into the operation portion 200 and is connected to an instrument channel inlet 201 provided on the surface of the operation portion 200.

[0037] Reference Figures 2-5 The endoscope's operating section 200 may include a first gripping section 210. The first gripping section 210 includes a first side surface 211, a second side surface 212, a third side surface 213, and a fourth side surface 214 sequentially connected around its longitudinal direction YY. The internal space enclosed by the first side surface 211, the second side surface 212, the third side surface 213, and the fourth side surface 214 can accommodate functional components of the operating section, such as components of an air supply unit, a water supply unit, and / or a suction unit (e.g., valve bodies, pipes), components for adjusting the bending angle of the curved section 110 (e.g., sprockets), etc. It should be noted that these four sides do not necessarily have to be planar. Taking the fourth side surface 214 as an example, the fourth side surface 214 can be constructed as a curved surface formed by two curved surfaces joined together, or it can include multiple joined planes, or it can include both planes and curved surfaces. One or more of the four sides can be constructed as curved surfaces, and part or all of each of the four sides may not be parallel to the longitudinal direction YY, but rather have an angle with the longitudinal direction YY.

[0038] The operating unit 200 may further include a cable connector 220, which is disposed on the first side surface 211 and extends in a lateral direction, the direction facing the fourth side surface 214. For ease of understanding, the direction of the longitudinal direction YY toward the far end is referred to as downward, and the direction of the longitudinal direction YY toward the near end is referred to as upward, corresponding to "up" and "down" in the figure. In some embodiments, the lateral direction may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction YY. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the angle between the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction YY may be slightly greater than or slightly less than 90 degrees. It should be noted that the extension of the cable connector 220 in the lateral direction does not limit the centerline of the cable connector 220 to be parallel to the lateral direction.

[0039] The cable connector 220 has a distal side 221 and a proximal side 222 that are opposite in the longitudinal direction YY. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the cable connector 220 has a first cable connector segment 224 connected to a first side surface 211 of the first gripping portion 210. At the distal end 221 of the cable connector 220, the first cable connector segment 224 and the first side surface 221 form a first boundary line 223. At the proximal end 222 of the cable connector 220, the first cable connector segment 224 and the first side surface 211 form a second boundary line 226. In the illustrated orientation, the first boundary line 223 refers to the portion of the boundary line between the first cable connector segment 224 and the first side surface 221 that is visible from the distal end (i.e., from bottom to top), while the second boundary line 226 refers to the portion of the boundary line between the first cable connector segment 224 and the first side surface 221 that is visible from the proximal end (i.e., from top to bottom). The first boundary line 223 may be arc-shaped. The middle portion of the arc protrudes outwards (i.e., from the distal end) of the first cable connector segment 224. Wherein: the first boundary line 223 has a first endpoint A1 and a second endpoint A2, and the second endpoint A2 is closer to the second side surface 212 than the first endpoint A1. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 2 The second endpoint A2 can be the connection point of the first boundary line 223 and the second boundary line 226. The second boundary line 226 will be described further below. Although in the illustrated embodiment, the second boundary line 226 between the proximal side 222 of the cable connection portion 220, the first cable connection segment 224 and the first side surface 211 is arc-shaped, in other embodiments not shown, the second boundary line 226 may be other curved shapes or may be straight.

[0040] The cable connector 220 also includes a second cable connector segment 225, which will be mentioned below. The second cable connector segment 225 is connected to the universal cable 300. The other end of the universal cable 300 can be connected to the connector 400. During user operation, the operating unit 200 can be held, for example, with the left hand. Exemplarily, the thumb can be placed on the fourth side 214, or around the side where the fourth side 214 is located to the side where the third side 213 is located, while the other four fingers can be around the side where the first side 211 is located to the side where the second side 212 is located, or even around the side where the third side 213 is located, so that the five fingers can firmly grip the operating unit 200 in the circumferential direction around the longitudinal direction YY. The web of the thumb can be located below the cable connector 220 to support the cable connector 220 upwards.

[0041] The first grip portion 210 of the operating unit 200 can be made of plastic. The first grip portion 210 can be divided into multiple parts, each manufactured by injection molding and connected together by bonding, ultrasonic welding, interference fit, snap-fit, or fasteners. This allows functional components to be easily installed inside the first grip portion 210. In one exemplary embodiment, the first grip portion 210 of the operating unit 200 can be injection molded in two parts, with the dividing line between these two parts generally located on the first side surface 211 and the fourth side surface 214. The cable connector 220 can be separately injection molded from the first grip portion 210 and then connected to the first side surface 211 of the first grip portion 210. In another embodiment, the cable connector 220 can be injection molded together with the first side surface 211 of the first grip portion 210. Regardless of which method is used to connect the cable connector 220 to the first side 211, it is necessary to ensure that the connection between the cable connector 220 and the first side 211 has a sufficiently large area to distribute the force and prevent deformation or even breakage after long-term use.

[0042] The operating unit 200 may also include function buttons, which may be located on the second side 212. Exemplarily, all function buttons on the operating unit 200 may be standard components to reduce the cost of the operating unit 200 and ensure reliable performance. In some embodiments, even if the function buttons are not standard components, their dimensions are generally fixed to match the size of the user's fingers, facilitating user operation. (Refer to reference...) Figures 2-3The operating unit 200 may include a first button 231, a second button 232, a third button 233, and a fourth button 234 arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction YY on the second side surface 212. The second button 232, the first button 231, the third button 233, and the fourth button 234 are arranged sequentially from the proximal end to the distal end. Specifically, the axis of the first button 231 intersects the second side surface 212 at point C, which can be located between a first imaginary line L1 and a second imaginary line L2 in the longitudinal direction YY. Specifically, the first imaginary line L1 passes through the first endpoint A1 and the second endpoint A2 of the aforementioned first boundary line 223, and the second imaginary line L2 is tangent to the first boundary line 223 and parallel to the first imaginary line L1.

[0043] Exemplarily, the first button 231 and the second button 232 can be configured, for example, in a control unit (not shown) of the endoscope to freeze the image and switch the imaging mode (e.g., switch the imaging mode from a normal light (white light) mode to a special light (e.g., fluorescence) mode). The third button 233 is used to aspirate living tissue and blood located outside the tip of the bend 110. The fourth button 234 can be used to deliver air and liquid from the tip of the bend 110. The third button 233 and the fourth button 234 are respectively part of the aspiration unit and the air / water delivery unit extending from the tip of the bend 110 of the endoscope through the flexible insertion tube 110 and to the operation section 200. Furthermore, it is preferred that the third button 233 and the fourth button 234 in this embodiment have the same size and shape. It is understood that in practical applications, the functions corresponding to these four buttons can also be set as needed.

[0044] For example, the operating part 200 may include a second gripping part 240 extending along the longitudinal direction YY. The second gripping part 240 may be connected to the distal end of the first gripping part 210. The distal end of the second gripping part 240 may also be connected to the base end (i.e., the proximal end) of the insertion part 100. The second gripping part 240 may have an elongated rod-like structure. The second gripping part 240 allows for better control of the angle of the operating part 200, better fits the user's palm, improves grip comfort and stability, and prevents the operating part 200 from tilting in an undesirable direction.

[0045] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The operating unit 200 in this embodiment of the application may have at least two gripping methods.

[0046] like Figure 6As shown, when the user's left hand holds the operating unit 200 in a first hand position, at least the thumb (TH), middle finger (MF), ring finger (RF), and palm can position the operating unit 200 in the circumferential direction so that the operating unit 200 is generally kept in a neutral position, that is, the longitudinal direction YY of the operating unit 200 is parallel to a predetermined direction, such as the vertical direction. The thumb (TH) and index finger (IF) can act on the first gripping part 210 of the operating unit 200, the middle finger (MF) can act on both the first gripping part 210 and the second gripping part 240 of the operating unit 200, while the ring finger (RF) and little finger (LF) can act on the second gripping part 240, and the palm acts on both the first gripping part 210 and the second gripping part 240. Along the vertical direction, the operator mainly relies on the web of the thumb and middle finger (MF) to support the lower part of the second side 212 of the cable connector 220 and the first grip 210 (e.g., the support surface 2122 below the fourth button 234), thereby holding the operator 200, along with the insertion part 100 connected to the operator 200 and the universal cable, in the desired position along the longitudinal direction YY. Optionally, an anti-slip strip 241 may be provided on the second grip 240 of the operator 200 to prevent the operator 200 from falling to a certain extent by using friction.

[0047] During use, the user also needs to operate the buttons and other components on the control unit 200. When holding the control unit 200 in the first hand position, the index finger (IF) is in a relatively relaxed state, and the pad of the index finger (IF) can naturally rest on the fourth button 234 at the bottom of the second side 212. At this time, guided by the second cable connection section 225 and the web of the hand, the index finger (IF) can be in a roughly horizontal position. The index finger (IF) is more flexible than the middle finger (MF), ring finger (RF), and little finger (LF), so even when using the first hand position, the pad of the index finger (IF) can be easily spread relative to the middle finger (MF). Because the first boundary line 223 is arc-shaped, and the intersection point C of the axis of the first button 231 and the second side 212 is located below the first imaginary straight line L1 passing through the first endpoint A1 and the second endpoint A2 of the first boundary line 223, the cable connection 220 will not obstruct the pivoting movement of the index finger when the fingertip of the index finger is spread relative to the middle finger. Therefore, the fingertip of the index finger IF can naturally rest on the first button 231 or on the third button 233 between the first button 231 and the fourth button 234. Thus, the first button 231 can be pressed by the user using the fingertip of the index finger IF.

[0048] When using the first hand-held operating unit 200 but without needing to operate the first button 231, such as Figure 6As shown, at least the thumb (TH), middle finger (MF), ring finger (RF), and palm can position the operating part 200 in the circumferential direction, thus reliably holding the operating part 200 in a neutral position. Therefore, the user's index finger (IF) can be in a naturally relaxed state, requiring little or no force to apply to the operating part 200, thus reducing fatigue even during prolonged gripping. In an exemplary embodiment, in the first hand configuration, the first cable connection segment 224 and the second cable connection segment 225 can primarily support the user's second metacarpal bone (the metacarpal bone connecting the index finger IF), while the second cable connection segment 225 can also support the thumb carpal joint and / or the second carpal joint, allowing the user to lift the operating part 200 more easily. Of course, since user hand sizes may vary, the operating part of this application may also be supported on other bones, joints, or soft tissues.

[0049] Reference Figures 2-4 The operating unit 200 may also include a rotary handwheel 250 disposed on the third side 213. When operating the rotary handwheel 250 with one hand, the user can reach across the fourth side 214 to touch one side of the outer periphery of the rotary handwheel 250, and reach across the second side 212 to touch the other side of the outer periphery of the rotary handwheel 250, thereby rotating the rotary handwheel.

[0050] To facilitate one-handed operation of the components on the operating unit 200, it may be necessary to use a second hand to hold the operating unit 200. See [link / reference]. Figures 7 to 8 Typically, the time spent holding the operating unit 200 using the first hand position is roughly equal to or longer than the time spent operating the components on the operating unit 200 using the second hand position. Regardless of whether the operating unit 200 is held using the first or second hand position, the thumb and forefinger are always supported on the first cable connection section 224. When holding the operating unit 200 using the second hand position, the middle finger MF can slide across the support surface 2122 to above the fourth button 234, facilitating the index finger IF to operate buttons closer to the proximal side, such as the first button 231, or facilitating the operation of the rotary handwheel 250 on the third side 213 by the middle finger MF or the ring finger RF together with the thumb TH. The ring finger RF can rest against the support surface 2122 to support the operating unit 200. In this case, the user's index finger IF has a sufficiently large range of motion to operate almost all the buttons on the button surface 2121. During operation of the rotary handwheel 250, such as Figure 8 As shown, a portion of the ring finger RF may move away from the support surface 2122 to make room for the middle finger MF to rotate the handwheel 250 clockwise. However, since the web of the hand always supports the cable connector 220 and the middle finger MF can support the rotating handwheel 250, the operating part 200 can also be kept in a generally neutral position.

[0051] As described above, by way of example, the cable connector 220 further includes a second cable connector segment 225, which extends laterally from the end of the first cable connector segment 224. (See reference...) Figure 2 The dashed line mm indicates the first cable connection segment 224 to the left and the second cable connection segment 225 to the right. The first cable connection segment 224 connects to the first side surface 211 of the first gripping part 210, forming a first boundary line 223 and a second boundary line 226. The second cable connection segment 225 is generally rod-shaped.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, exemplarily, the second cable connection segment 225 can be physically constructed as a two-segment structure, forming a dividing line n. The front segment is integral with the first cable connection segment 224, and the rear segment is connected to the front segment by ultrasonic welding, adhesive, or fasteners. In some embodiments, the rear segment can be formed as a tapered protective sleeve for a general-purpose cable, thereby preventing bending of the cable. The physical two-segment design of the second cable connection segment 225 also simplifies the mold used to process the first gripping portion 210. Both the front and rear segments of the second cable connection segment 225 have relatively regular shapes, and the end of the rear segment can be inserted into the front segment, thereby facilitating the connection between the two segments. This reduces the mold cost for the rear segment. The outer surface of the second cable connection segment 225 is a continuous and smoothly extending arc surface. In other words, the two segments of the second cable connection segment 225 are smoothly connected, meaning that the cross-section of the front segment at the connection point and the cross-section of the rear segment at the connection point have substantially the same shape and size. In this way, no steps or protrusions will be formed between the front and rear sections of the second cable connection section 225, making it less likely for dirt to remain when the user cleans the operating section 200, and the second cable connection section 225 will not feel uncomfortable in the user's hand.

[0053] The second cable connection segment 225 has a first surface 2251 located on the distal side 221 of the cable connection portion 220, facing the distal end of the first grip portion 210. When gripping the operating portion 200, the first surface 2251 is mainly supported on the web of the hand. The projected outline of the first surface 2251 on the surface where the first side 211 is located is smoothly connected to the first boundary line 223 at the first endpoint A1, that is, the tangents of the projected outline and the first boundary line 223 at the first endpoint A1 have approximately the same slope to avoid forming a step at the junction. This design prevents the user from feeling uncomfortable when using the operating portion 200. Normally, to improve grip comfort, the first side 211 may be generally flat, and the edge area of ​​the first side 211 may be curved towards the adjacent surface to make the first side 211 and the adjacent surface smoothly transition. Therefore, "the plane where the first side 211 is located" can refer to the plane where the central region of the first side 211 is located, and the first endpoint A1 and the second endpoint A2 can be located in this plane.

[0054] For example, the projected contour line of the first surface 2251 can be a straight line. When a hand of average size holds the operating part 200, the first surface 2251 extends substantially beyond the wrist line to the forearm in the lateral direction. Thus, even if the user's hand size is different, the first surface 2251 extending in a straight line can ensure that the portion of the cable connector 220 resting on the web of the hand is smooth, thereby providing stable support for the cable connector 220 while ensuring user comfort. Furthermore, when the user's wrist is relaxed, the first surface 2251 will not interfere with the user's forearm. In some usage scenarios, the user may drape a portion of the universal cable 300 over their arm. The first surface 2251 extending in a straight line can make the end of the second cable connector 225 approximately flush with the outer surface of the universal cable 300, so that there is not a large height difference between the universal cable 300 and the arm. When the universal cable 300 is draped over the user's arm, the operating part 200 can be held more firmly.

[0055] For example, the angle between the projected contour line of the first surface 2251 and the longitudinal direction YY can be in the range of 85-95 degrees. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 2 The projected outline of the first surface 2251 in the plane containing the first side surface 211 lies on the third imaginary straight line L3. The angle between the third imaginary straight line L3 and the longitudinal direction YY can be within the range of 85-95 degrees. When the user's hand grasps the second grip 240, the surface formed by the second metacarpal bone at the web of the hand can be parallel to the extension direction of the second cable connection segment 225, thereby providing better support for the operating part 200. In this way, the operating part 200 is less likely to fall off, and it is less tiring to use for a long time. For users with larger hands, this angle range will not cause problems such as pinching or slipping.

[0056] In some embodiments, since a universal cable 300 is connected to the end of the second cable connection segment 225, the universal cable 300 hangs down under the action of gravity. The second cable connection segment 225 forms a fulcrum at the base of the thumb, and the universal cable 300 and the operating part 200 can achieve gravitational balance on both sides of the second cable connection segment 225. This can prevent the operating part 200 from rotating, and the user does not need to prevent the operating part 200 from rotating when holding it, making it more effortless.

[0057] For example, the second cable connector 225 has a gradually decreasing cross-section along the direction away from the first grip portion 210. This ensures that the end of the cable connector 220 near the operating portion 200 has sufficient area to connect to the first side 211, thereby ensuring a sufficiently strong connection between the cable connector 220 and the first grip portion 210. Furthermore, this end of the cable connector 220 has a sufficiently large diameter, providing a sufficiently large surface area for support in the user's hand. Since the operating portion 200 is relatively heavy, a larger support area reduces discomfort and improves the user experience. The end furthest from the operating portion 200 can have a diameter matching that of the universal cable 300, reducing the size and weight of the operating portion 200.

[0058] Taking the embodiment shown in the figure as an example, the second cable connection segment 225 can be generally constructed as a cone shape with its tip shaved off. The first surface 2251 can be an arcuate surface. The cross-sectional shape (i.e., arc) of this arcuate surface is generally similar at different positions on the third imaginary straight line L3, except that the opening size of the arc gradually decreases along the direction away from the first gripping portion 210.

[0059] like Figure 7As shown, the user holds the operating unit 200 with a second hand position. The user's second metacarpophalangeal joint (i.e., the metacarpophalangeal joint F1 of the index finger IF) can be located in the lateral direction between the first endpoint A1 and the second endpoint A2, and below the second endpoint A2. The user's index finger IF can pivot around the second metacarpophalangeal joint. When the first button 231 is needed, the center line of the index finger IF can be approximately located at the dotted line F1F2. When the second button 232 needs to be pressed, the index finger IF can move upwards until its center line is approximately along the dotted line F1F3. The position of the second endpoint A2 is set such that when the user holds the operating unit 200 and the index finger IF pivots to a large extent around the second metacarpophalangeal joint to operate the second button 232, it is almost unaffected by the cable connection part 220, thereby avoiding obstruction of the user's index finger IF pressing the second button 232 located above the first button 231 in the longitudinal direction YY. When the index finger IF moves upward to operate the second button 232, a portion of the index finger IF may overlap the first boundary line 223. Therefore, the height of the generally arc-shaped area enclosed by the first boundary line 223 and the first imaginary straight line L1 protruding from the first side 211 is less than the maximum height of the first cable connection segment 224 protruding from the first side 211. Thus, the obstruction of the first cable connection segment 224 to the upwardly pivoting index finger IF can be reduced.

[0060] Exemplarily, the outer surface of the first cable connector 224 is an arc surface that extends continuously and smoothly from the proximal side 222 to the distal side 221. From the proximal side 222 to the distal side 221, the outer surface gradually moves away from the first side 211 and then gradually moves closer to the first side 211. Exemplarily, the outer surface of the first cable connector 224 may not have any protrusions and / or depressions, making the outer surface smooth. (Refer to reference...) Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The first cable connector 224 protrudes from the first side 211 toward the direction facing the first side 211, so that when the user holds the operating part 200, the web of the hand can rest against the first side 211, and the second metacarpal bone can support the protruding first cable connector 224. Compared with existing cables where there is a flat surface on the outer surface of the cable connector for attaching labels, the cable connector 220 of this application can reduce the discomfort and provide a better tactile experience.

[0061] Exemplarily, the first endpoint A1 can be located at the junction of the first side 211 and the fourth side 214. Since the second endpoint A2 is above the first endpoint A1, and the first junction line 223 is a smooth curve, the first junction line 223 curves upward from the first endpoint A1 toward the second side 212. Setting the first endpoint A1 at the junction of the first side 211 and the fourth side 214 better accommodates the user's upward tilting second metacarpal bone and index finger IF. Thus, when the user's index finger IF is relaxed, it can rest on the surface of the first button 231 or be suspended above the surface of the first button 231. Furthermore, this design allows the user to move their index finger IF upward to press the second button 232 laterally. Exemplarily, in an embodiment not shown, the first endpoint A1 can be spaced apart from the junction of the first side 211 and the fourth side 214, so that for the portion of the cable connection 220 between the first endpoint A1 and the junction of the first side 211 and the fourth side 214, the bottom support surface can be flat along the longitudinal direction YY. The supporting surface can be coplanar with the first surface 2251 of the aforementioned second cable connection segment 225. Compared to the illustrated embodiment, this embodiment (not shown) may shorten the length of the first boundary line 223. The first boundary line 223 in the illustrated embodiment can have a greater length. In both embodiments, where the angle (i.e., slope) between the tangent at the second endpoint A2 and the longitudinal direction YY is the same, the illustrated first boundary line 223 can gradually change its slope toward the second endpoint A2. Moreover, by using the illustrated shape of the first boundary line 223, more of the cable connection portion 220 can be cut off, thereby avoiding interference with the index finger IF pivoting upward around the second metacarpophalangeal joint to operate the second button 232.

[0062] The second button 232 is located closer to the proximal end of the first grip portion 210 than the first button 231. (See reference) Figure 2 Figure W shows the distance between the center lines of the second button 232 and the first button 231 in the longitudinal direction YY. This distance is related to the slope of the first imaginary line L1, that is, to the pivot angle of the index finger when the user holds the operating part 200. For example, the first imaginary line L1 intersects the outermost contour projected onto the plane containing the second button 232 on the first side surface 211, for example, at... Figure 2The intersection point B. Therefore, the position of the second button 232 can be associated with the extension direction of the cable connector 220 and the shape of the junction between the cable connector 220 and the first side surface 211. As described above, the angle between the projected outline of the first surface 2251 on the surface containing the first side surface 211 and the longitudinal direction YY is within the range of 85-95 degrees. The position of the second button 232 can be appropriately adjusted according to the size of this angle, so that when the user's index finger IF is supported on the web of their hand while the cable connector 220 is supported, the second button 232 can always be easily reached, allowing as many buttons as possible to be operated with one hand without requiring significant hand adjustments. In the illustrated embodiment, the first imaginary line L1 intersects the outermost contour of the projection of the second button 232 at one point, but in other embodiments not shown, the first imaginary line L1 may intersect the outermost contour of the projection of the second button 232 at multiple points. For example, without changing the shape and structure of the second button 232, the position of the second endpoint A2 can be raised. Alternatively, without changing the first imaginary straight line L1, the shape and position of the second button 232 can be adjusted.

[0063] Exemplarily, the second button is configured to be pressable laterally, and the protrusion height of the second button 232 may be higher than that of the first button 231. In the figure, H represents the height of the surface of the second button 232 above the second side, which is also related to the slope of the first imaginary straight line L1. When the user presses the second button 232 laterally with their index finger IF, the index finger IF does not need to be excessively bent, allowing for better force application. In some embodiments, the first button 231 is lower than the second button 232, allowing the user's index finger IF to pass over the first button 231. Thus, in the second hand position, without adjusting the grip posture of the palm and other fingers, the second button 232 can be triggered laterally simply by moving the index finger slightly upwards, improving the convenience of operating the second button 232.

[0064] As described above, exemplarily, on the proximal side 222 of the cable connector 220, the first cable connector segment 224 and the first side surface 211 form a second boundary line 226. The second boundary line 226 has a third endpoint A3 and a fourth endpoint A4, with the third endpoint A3 being closer to the second side surface 212 than the fourth endpoint A4. The third endpoint A3 may coincide with the second endpoint A2. When viewing the operating unit from above, the second boundary line 226 completely obscures the first boundary line 223; conversely, when viewing the operating unit 200 from below, the first boundary line 223 also completely obscures the second boundary line 226. The connection points A2 and A3 of the first boundary line 223 and the second boundary line 226 are closer to the second side surface 212 on the first side surface 211 than any other point on the two boundary lines. Therefore, the first imaginary straight line L1 passing through A1 and A2 can satisfy the aforementioned slope requirement.

[0065] For example, the fourth endpoint A4 is located at the junction of the first side surface 211 and the fourth side surface 214. The cable connection portion 220 also includes a second cable connection segment 225, which extends laterally from the end of the first cable connection segment 224. The second cable connection segment 225 has a second surface 2252 located on the proximal side of the cable connection portion 220, facing the proximal end of the first grip portion 210. The projected outline of the second surface 2252 on the surface where the first side surface 211 is located and the second boundary line 226 are smoothly connected at the fourth endpoint A4. This makes it less likely to form hard-to-clean corners, making disinfection more convenient. The smoothly connected surface is not only more aesthetically pleasing, but also eliminates any potentially sharp edges.

[0066] For example, the operation unit 200 may further include a third button 233 disposed on the second side 212. Along the longitudinal direction YY, the third button 233 is closer to the distal side of the first grip 210 than the first button 231, that is, it is disposed lower than the first button 231 in the figure. The third button 233 may be located between the first imaginary line L1 and the third imaginary line L3, the third imaginary line L3 being the extension of the projected outline of the first surface 2251. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the user holding the operation unit 200 when viewed from the third side 213 is shown. As shown, when the user holds the operation unit 200, the flexible range of motion of the index finger IF is approximately between the third imaginary line L3 and the first imaginary line L1. Therefore, the user can flexibly operate the first button 231 and the third button 233 without changing the grip shape.

[0067] For example, the operating unit 200 may further include a fourth button 234 disposed on the second side 212. Along the longitudinal direction YY, the fourth button 234 is closer to the distal end of the first grip 210 than the third button 233. The outermost contour of the projection of the fourth button 234 onto the plane containing the first side 211 intersects with the third imaginary line L3. Thus, without changing the hand shape, the fourth button 234 is also within the range of movement of the user's index finger IF, and the user can operate the fourth button 234 by using the index finger IF.

[0068] For example, the operation unit 200 may also include a fifth button 235 and a sixth button 236 disposed on the fourth side 214. Figure 4 As shown, the fifth button 235 and the sixth button 236 can be located on the proximal side of the first grip portion 210. In the lateral direction perpendicular to the lateral and longitudinal directions YY (i.e.... Figure 4In the left-right direction, the fifth button 235 and the sixth button 236 can be arranged side by side. In the horizontal direction, the cable connector 220 can be spaced apart from both the fifth button 235 and the sixth button 236. When the user holds the operating unit 200 with a first-hand grip, the web of the hand supports the cable connector 220, and the thumb TH extends upward naturally and rests against or hangs on the fourth side 214. The pad of the thumb TH can be approximately at the fifth button 235. At this time, along the horizontal direction, the thumb TH and the palm can clamp the cable connector 220, thereby providing positioning for the operating unit 200. The user's thumb TH can pivot around the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint, thereby selecting to press either the fifth button 235 or the sixth button 236. To prevent users with larger fingers from accidentally pressing the fifth button 235 and the sixth button 236 simultaneously when operating the buttons, a spacer protrusion 2141 can be provided between the fifth button 235 and the sixth button 236. The height of the spacer protrusion 2141 can be equal to or higher than the height of the fifth button 235 and the sixth button 236 when they are not pressed. This prevents the two buttons from being pressed simultaneously if the user mistakenly presses them at the same time. Additionally, the spacer protrusion 2141 allows the user to determine whether their thumb TH is currently pressing the fifth button 235 or the sixth button 236.

[0069] For example, in the horizontal direction, the fifth button 235 is closer to the cable connection portion 220 than the sixth button 236; and in the vertical direction (YY), the sixth button 236 is closer to the cable connection portion 220 than the fifth button 235. In other words, the sixth button 236 is positioned lower than the fifth button 235. Figure 4 As shown, the edge contour of the fifth button 235 can be spaced apart from the first side 211, so that when the user holds the operating part 220, the opening angle of the thumb allows the thumb TH to be naturally positioned at the fifth button 235, without needing to bend the thumb TH towards the cable connection part 220 when operating the fifth button 235. Figure 4 In the specific embodiment shown, a fourth imaginary line L4 and a seventh imaginary line L7 can be constructed. The fourth imaginary line L4 extends vertically and is tangent to the outermost contour of the fifth button 235 near the first side 211. The seventh imaginary line L7 extends vertically and is tangent to the intersection line 227 between the cable connector 220 and the fourth side 214. The fourth imaginary line L4 and the seventh imaginary line L7 are spaced apart, and the fourth imaginary line L4 is closer to the third side 213 than the seventh imaginary line L7. There is an appropriate distance d between the fourth imaginary line L4 and the seventh imaginary line L7, allowing the thumb TH to rest naturally on the fifth button 235.

[0070] When the thumb (TH) pivots around the metacarpophalangeal joint, the trajectory of the tip of the thumb (TH) is roughly as shown by the dotted line L in the diagram.f The arc shape shown is positioned so that its center is closer to the fifth button 235 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the sixth button 236 is positioned lower, allowing the user to easily operate it by pivoting their thumb TH without moving their hand. Figure 4 This is represented as follows: Draw a fifth imaginary line L5 and a sixth imaginary line L6 perpendicular to the vertical direction YY. The fifth imaginary line L5 is the horizontal axis of the fifth button 235, and the sixth imaginary line L6 is the horizontal axis of the sixth button 236. The fifth imaginary line L5 is above the sixth imaginary line L6.

[0071] By way of example, the operating unit 200 may also include a rotary handwheel 250 disposed on the third side 213. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 8 The rotary handwheel 250 may include a first rotary handwheel 251 and a second rotary handwheel 252. The first rotary handwheel 251 and the second rotary handwheel 252 may be coaxially arranged and may be roughly star-shaped. Taking the first rotary handwheel 251 as an example, the first rotary handwheel 251 may include a circular central portion and multiple protrusions arranged circumferentially along the central portion. The multiple protrusions protrude radially along the central portion. The user can push the first rotary handwheel 251 to rotate with relatively little effort by using their thumb (TH) and middle finger (MF) to press against the multiple protrusions. The second rotary handwheel 252 may also include multiple circumferentially arranged protrusions, and its central portion is smaller than the central portion of the first rotary handwheel 251. The circumcircle of the multiple protrusions of the second rotary handwheel 252 is smaller than the circumcircle of the multiple protrusions of the first rotary handwheel 251. Therefore, the user will not interfere with the second rotary handwheel 252 when operating the first rotary handwheel 251. In the embodiment shown, the first rotating handwheel 251 can be used to operate the bending portion 110 of the insertion portion 100 to bend vertically, and the second rotating handwheel 252 is used to operate the bending portion 110 to bend horizontally. In an embodiment not shown, the first rotating handwheel can be used to operate the bending portion to bend horizontally, and the second rotating handwheel can be used to operate the bending portion to bend vertically. In some embodiments, only one rotating handwheel may be provided on the operating part.

[0072] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "front", "rear", "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship, which are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself.

[0073] For ease of description, relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," and "above" are used here to describe the regional positional relationship of one or more components or features shown in the figures to other components or features. It should be understood that relative terms include not only the orientation of the component as depicted in the figure but also different orientations during use or operation. For example, if the components in the figures are inverted as a whole, "above" or "above other components or features" will include cases where the component is "below" or "under" other components or features. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." Furthermore, these components or features may also be positioned at other different angles (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other angles), and this document intends to include all such cases.

[0074] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0075] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0076] This utility model has been described through the above embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the utility model to the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and many more variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of this utility model, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An operating portion for an endoscope, characterized by, The operating unit includes: A first grip portion, the first grip portion including a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface connected sequentially around its longitudinal direction; A cable connector, wherein the cable connector is disposed on the first side and extends in a lateral direction, the lateral direction being the direction faced by the fourth side, the cable connector having a distal side and a proximal side opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction; and A first button is located on the second side, wherein: The cable connection portion has a first cable connection segment connected to the first side of the first grip portion. On the distal side of the cable connection portion, the first cable connection segment and the first side form a first boundary line, wherein the first boundary line is arc-shaped and has a first endpoint A1 and a second endpoint A2, and the second endpoint A2 is closer to the second side than the first endpoint A1. The axis of the first button intersects the second side at point C, which is located in the longitudinal direction between the first imaginary line L1 and the second imaginary line L2, wherein: the first imaginary line L1 passes through the first endpoint A1 and the second endpoint A2, and the second imaginary line L2 is tangent to the first boundary line and parallel to the first imaginary line L1.

2. The operating portion according to claim 1, wherein The cable connector further includes a second cable connector segment, which extends from the end of the first cable connector segment toward the lateral direction. The second cable connection segment has a first surface located on the distal side, the first surface facing the distal end of the first grip, and the projected outline of the first side surface and the first boundary line are smoothly connected at the first endpoint A1.

3. The operating portion according to claim 2, wherein The projected contour line of the first surface is a straight line.

4. The operating portion according to claim 3, wherein The angle between the projected contour line of the first surface and the longitudinal direction is in the range of 85-95 degrees.

5. The operating portion according to claim 2, wherein The second cable connector has a gradually decreasing cross-section along the direction away from the first grip; and / or The outer surface of the second cable connection segment is a continuous and smoothly extending arc surface.

6. The operating portion according to claim 1, wherein The outer surface of the first cable connection segment is an arc surface that extends continuously and smoothly from the proximal end to the distal end.

7. The operating portion according to claim 1, wherein The first endpoint A1 is located at the junction of the first side and the fourth side.

8. The operating portion according to claim 1, wherein On the proximal side of the cable connector, the first cable connector segment and the first side surface form a second boundary line, wherein: The second boundary line has a third endpoint A3 and a fourth endpoint A4, wherein the third endpoint A3 is closer to the second side than the fourth endpoint A4; The third endpoint A3 coincides with the second endpoint A2.

9. The operating portion according to claim 8, wherein The fourth endpoint A4 is located at the junction of the first side and the fourth side. The cable connector further includes a second cable connector segment, which extends from the end of the first cable connector segment toward the lateral direction. The second cable connection segment has a second surface located on the proximal side, the second surface facing the proximal end of the first grip, and the projected outline on the surface where the first side is located is smoothly connected to the second boundary line at the fourth endpoint A4.

10. The operating portion according to claim 1, wherein The operating unit further includes a second button disposed on the second side, wherein: Along the longitudinal direction, the second button is closer to the proximal side of the first grip portion than the first button; and The first imaginary straight line L1 intersects the outermost contour of the projection of the second button onto the surface where the first side is located.

11. The operating portion according to claim 10, wherein The second button is configured to be pressed laterally, and the protrusion height of the second button is greater than that of the first button.

12. The operating portion according to claim 3, wherein The operating unit further includes a third button disposed on the second side, wherein: Along the longitudinal direction, the third button is closer to the distal end of the first grip portion than the first button; and The third button is located between the first imaginary line L1 and the third imaginary line L3, where the third imaginary line L3 is an extension of the projected contour line of the first surface.

13. The operating unit as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, The operating unit further includes a fourth button disposed on the second side, wherein: Along the longitudinal direction, the fourth button is closer to the distal end of the first grip portion than the third button; and The outermost contour of the fourth button projected onto the surface where the first side is located intersects with the third imaginary straight line L3.

14. The operating portion according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein The operating unit further includes a fifth button and a sixth button disposed on the fourth side, wherein: The fifth button and the sixth button are located on the proximal side of the first grip portion; In the transverse direction perpendicular to both the lateral and longitudinal directions, the fifth button and the sixth button are arranged side by side, with the fifth button closer to the cable connection portion than the sixth button; and The fourth imaginary line L4 is spaced apart from the seventh imaginary line L7, and the fourth imaginary line L4 is closer to the third side than the seventh imaginary line L7. The fourth imaginary line L4 extends vertically and is tangent to the outermost contour of the fifth button near the first side, and the seventh imaginary line L7 extends vertically and is tangent to the intersection between the cable connection and the fourth side.

15. The operating unit as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, In the longitudinal direction, the sixth button is closer to the cable connection than the fifth button.

16. An endoscope, characterized by include: The operating unit as described in any one of claims 1-15; as well as An insertion part, the base end of which is connected to the distal end of the operating part.

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