Safe operation in wireless power transfer systems

Abstract

The present invention relates to the safe operation of a wireless power transmission system. A mobile side circuit of the wireless power transmission system comprises a mobile side resonant circuit (26) inductively coupled to a fixed side resonant circuit (18) of the wireless power transmission system. A mobile side control circuit (40) is adapted to change the operation mode of a mobile side rectifier (32) when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (24). The present invention ensures the safe operation of the wireless power transmission system while effectively avoiding damage to the mobile side circuit when a fault condition occurs on the mobile side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the safe operation of a wireless power transmission system, and in particular to a mobile-side circuit of the wireless power transmission system, wherein the circuit topology in the mobile-side rectifier is dynamically configurable when a fault state occurs in the mobile-side circuit; the present invention also relates to a wireless power transmission system using the mobile-side circuit, and related operating methods of the mobile-side circuit and the wireless power transmission system. Background Art

[0002] Wireless power transfer systems (also called inductive power transfer systems) have great advantages over cable connection systems. Due to technological advances, wireless power transfer systems used for charging of mobile batteries, for example, have received increasing attention.

[0003] Typically, a wireless power transmission system consists of a fixed side circuit and a mobile side circuit. The fixed side circuit has a switch mode electronic circuit that acts as a fixed excitation unit for a fixed side resonant circuit, wherein the fixed side resonant circuit consists of at least one capacitor and a transmission coil. At the mobile side circuit, a voltage and a current are induced in the mobile side resonant circuit. A passive or active rectifier directly powers a battery or a mobile energy system, wherein the mobile energy system consists of multiple loads, for example, a DC / DC converter and an energy storage device such as a battery, a supercapacitor (Supercap) and / or an ultracapacitor (Ultracap).

[0004] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wireless power transfer system using series-series compensation as known in the art is shown.

[0005] like Figure 1 As shown, the series-series compensation technique can be used in the wireless power transmission system. For the fixed side circuit, a fixed excitation unit 1 is provided to power the fixed side resonant circuit 2. In the mobile side circuit, the bridge rectifier 4 converts the received AC signal output by the mobile side resonant circuit 3 into a DC output voltage and current. The output of the rectifier 4 is connected in parallel with a smoothing capacitor and a load 6, where the load 6 can be a battery or any other consumer device or storage device. Typically, a switching element 5 is provided to protect the load 6 when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit.

[0006] However, the disconnection of the switch element 5 or any other event that causes an open circuit on the mobile side circuit may cause an overvoltage on the output side of the mobile side resonant circuit, because the fixed power supply still continues to provide energy to the mobile side resonant circuit. This may cause damage to the mobile side electronic equipment. In order to avoid damage to the mobile side electronic equipment, it is necessary to protect the mobile side circuit without delay when a mobile side fault state occurs.

[0007] In order to solve this problem, US-A-6,037,745 proposes a solution to short-circuit the mobile-side resonant circuit without short-circuiting the mobile-side battery or energy storage device. For the series-series compensation topology, this can be regarded as prior art. However, short-circuiting the mobile-side resonant circuit interrupts the power supply to the battery, but does not interrupt the current in the mobile-side resonant circuit. In view of this, EP 2 903 852 B1 proposes to short-circuit the mobile-side resonant circuit and detect the short circuit on the fixed side to interrupt the power supply from the fixed-side resonant circuit.

[0008] Figure 2 The voltage and current waveforms are shown for a series-series compensated inductive power transfer system after a mobile-side resonant circuit short circuit of the mobile-side circuit is established.

[0009] like Figure 2 As shown, shorting the mobile-side resonant circuit as described above causes a sudden and very hard step response in the mobile-side resonant circuit, resulting in very high current and extremely high voltage peaks in the power transmission coil and the resonant capacitor. This may cause isolation failure in these components, or damage or degradation of the short-circuit switch due to the high current.

[0010] Likewise Figure 2 As shown, the sudden voltage step generates an extremely high current, which is almost four times the initial steady-state current. This leads to very high voltages in the transmission coil and the resonant capacitor. On the other hand, short-circuiting the MOSFET circuit faces high current stress. Summary of the invention

[0011] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to ensure the safe operation of a wireless power transmission system while effectively avoiding damage to the mobile side circuit when a fault state occurs on the mobile side.

[0012] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by a mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system. The mobile side circuit comprises: a mobile side resonant circuit inductively coupled to a fixed side resonant circuit of the wireless power transmission system; a mobile side rectifier adapted to operate in a first operating mode during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, wherein the first operating mode is a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; and an energy storage circuit connected in parallel with an output terminal of the mobile side rectifier and adapted to smooth the output of the mobile side rectifier. In addition, the mobile side control circuit is adapted to control at least one switching element connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element of the mobile side rectifier to change the first operating mode of the mobile side rectifier to a second operating mode when a fault occurs in the mobile side circuit. According to the present invention, the second operating mode is different from the first operating mode and is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode the voltage across the energy storage circuit is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier, and in the inversion mode the input voltage and the input current of the mobile-side rectifier are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by a wireless power transmission system comprising a mobile side circuit according to the first aspect. The wireless power transmission system further comprises: a fixed side excitation unit adapted to excite the fixed side resonant circuit to transmit wireless power to the mobile side circuit; and a fixed side controller. The fixed side controller is adapted to control the operation of the fixed excitation unit, monitor the power transmission to the mobile side circuit, and interrupt the wireless power transmission when the amount of power transmitted to the mobile side circuit changes beyond a predetermined threshold.

[0014] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by a method for operating a mobile side circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps: during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, operating the mobile side rectifier in an operation mode of a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; and when a fault state occurs in the mobile side circuit, controlling at least one switching element connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element of the mobile side rectifier to change the first operation mode of the mobile side rectifier to a second operation mode. Here, the second operation mode is different from the first operation mode, and the second operation mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit is switched to the input side of the mobile side rectifier, and in the inversion mode, the input voltage and the input current of the mobile side rectifier are shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined range.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the object is achieved by operating a method of a wireless power transmission system according to the second aspect of the present invention, the method comprising the steps of monitoring power transmission to a mobile side circuit, and interrupting wireless power transmission when a change in the amount of power transmitted to the mobile side circuit exceeds a predetermined threshold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The following embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transfer system using series-series compensation as known in the art;

[0018] Figure 2 shows voltage and current waveforms after a mobile-side resonant circuit short circuit of a mobile-side circuit is established for a series-series compensated inductive power transmission system;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a wireless power transmission system using series-series compensation according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 shows an operation flow chart of a mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 shows an operation flow chart of a fixed-side circuit of a wireless power transmission system according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 A first example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from full-bridge mode to half-bridge mode and from half-bridge mode to full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 A second example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 A third example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 A fourth example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.101 shows voltage and current signal diagrams of the fixed-side circuit and the mobile-side circuit when the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 1 shows voltage and current signal diagrams of the fixed-side circuit and the mobile-side circuit when the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode and from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.12 A first example is shown in which the operating mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from full-bridge mode to DC mode without polarity reversal and from DC mode without polarity reversal to full-bridge mode according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.13 It shows that Fig.12 An equivalent schematic diagram showing the change of the operating mode of the mobile side rectifier from full bridge mode to DC mode without polarity reversal;

[0030] Fig.14 A second example is shown: according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from full-bridge mode to DC mode with polarity reversal, and from DC mode with polarity reversal to full-bridge mode;

[0031] Fig.15 It shows that Fig.14 Equivalent schematic diagram showing the change of the operating mode of the mobile side rectifier from full bridge mode to DC mode with polarity reversal;

[0032] Fig.16 An example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the reverse-phase mode and from the reverse-phase mode to the full-bridge mode according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.17 shows the negative cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier, as Fig.16 An equivalent schematic diagram showing the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier changing from full-bridge mode to reverse mode;

[0034] Fig.18 shows the positive cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier, as Fig.16 An equivalent schematic diagram showing the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier being changed from full bridge mode to reverse mode; and

[0035] Fig.19The following example is shown: according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when a fault occurs on the mobile side, the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier is changed from half-bridge mode to DC mode without polarity reversal, and from DC mode without polarity reversal to half-bridge mode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that such explanation is only related to the examples of the present invention and is not bound to the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims. When referring to specific circuit components, they are considered to be examples for the underlying functions, and these circuit components can obviously be interchanged as long as the same functions are achieved.

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission system 10 using series-series compensation according to the present invention is shown.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the inductive power transmission system 10 has a fixed-side circuit 12 including a fixed-side DC / AC converter 14 , a fixed-side controller 16 , and a fixed-side resonant circuit 18 composed of at least one fixed-side capacitor 20 and at least one fixed-side transmitter coil 22 .

[0039] In operation, the fixed-side DC / AC converter 14 is adapted to excite the fixed-side resonant circuit 18 to generate an oscillating magnetic field during wireless power transmission. In addition, in operation, the fixed-side controller 16 is adapted to measure the fixed-side high-frequency current and optionally the fixed-side high-frequency voltage to control the primary-side DC / AC converter 14. Further, in operation, the fixed-side controller 16 is optionally adapted to measure the amount of electricity wirelessly transmitted from the fixed-side circuit 12 of the wireless power transmission system 10 to the mobile-side circuit 24.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the wireless power transmission system 10 further has at least one mobile-side circuit 24 separate from the fixed-side circuit 12 .

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the mobile side circuit 24 includes a mobile side resonant circuit 26, which is composed of at least one receiver coil 28 connected in series with at least one mobile side capacitor 30. The mobile side circuit 24 also includes a mobile side rectifier 32. On the input side, the mobile side rectifier 32 is connected to the mobile side resonant circuit 26, and on the output side, the mobile side rectifier 32 is connected to an energy storage circuit 34. The energy storage circuit 34 (e.g., a capacitor) is connected to a load 38 through a switch 36. The mobile side circuit 24 includes a mobile side controller 40 adapted to control the mobile side rectifier 32.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, the mobile side circuit may further include a mobile side fault detector 42, which is adapted to detect a fault state occurring in the mobile side circuit 24 and is coupled to the mobile side controller 40. Optionally, the mobile side controller 40 may include a mobile side communication interface 46 adapted to indicate the occurrence of a fault state to the fixed side controller 16.

[0043] In operation, the receiver coil 28 receives energy transmitted by the transmitter coil 22 through inductive coupling when placed in the magnetic field generated by the transmitter coil 22. The inductive coupling causes a moving-side high-frequency voltage and a moving-side high-frequency current to be generated in the moving-side resonant circuit 26.

[0044] In operation, the mobile-side rectifier 32 is adapted to convert the mobile-side high-frequency voltage and the mobile-side high-frequency current into a mobile-side rectified voltage under the control of the mobile-side controller 40 for subsequent smoothing by the energy storage circuit 34. In addition, in operation, the mobile-side rectifier 32 outputs the mobile-side direct current to provide it to the load 38 through the switch 36.

[0045] In operation, as an option, the mobile side controller 40 may be adapted to measure the mobile side high frequency current and measure the mobile side high frequency voltage as an input to the mobile side rectifier 32. In addition, the mobile side controller 40 is adapted to measure the mobile side direct current and / or the mobile side DC voltage, and process the generated measurement results to control the mobile side rectifier 32.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, according to the present invention, it is an option to provide a wireless communication link 44 between the fixed side circuit 12 and the mobile side circuit 24. In this case, the fixed side controller 16 includes a first communication interface 48, and the mobile side controller 40 includes a second communication interface 46. It should be noted that according to the present invention, there is no limitation on the type of wireless communication implemented for the wireless communication link 44, which can rely on, for example, the IrDa standard, or alternatively rely on Bluetooth WiFi, WLAN, etc.

[0047] Generally speaking, the rectifier on the mobile side of the wireless power transmission system usually uses a full-bridge or half-bridge rectifier composed of at least two rectifying elements (eg, diodes or active switching elements controlled by the mobile side controller 40) to achieve the rectifying function.

[0048] In the most general sense, according to the invention, it is proposed to provide the option of bypassing or short-circuiting at least the rectifying elements in the mobile-side rectifier 32 in the event of a fault. As will be explained in more detail below, this allows the operating mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 to be changed to one of the following operating modes:

[0049] Half-bridge mode;

[0050] Full-bridge mode;

[0051] a DC mode without polarity reversal, in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier 32, wherein the polarity of the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 is not reversed;

[0052] a DC mode with polarity reversal, in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier 32, wherein the polarity of the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 is reversed;

[0053] An inversion mode, in which the input voltage and the input current of the mobile-side rectifier 32 are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift range, for example, by mapping the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier while maintaining the voltage polarity when the current flowing through the mobile-side resonant circuit 26 has a negative polarity, and by mapping the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier while reversing the voltage polarity when the current flowing through the mobile-side resonant circuit 26 has a positive polarity.

[0054] In the most general sense, a change in the operating mode in the mobile side rectifier 32 changes the output power of the mobile side rectifier 32, thereby reducing stress and avoiding damage to the mobile side circuit. For example, a switch from full bridge mode to half bridge mode suddenly reduces the output power by half. According to the present invention, this event can be detected on the fixed side to interrupt the wireless power transmission from the fixed side circuit to the mobile side circuit.

[0055] An important advantage of the present invention is that it is not mandatory to provide a communication channel between the fixed side circuit and the mobile side circuit to notify the occurrence of a fault with a delay. Instead, the present invention enables the mobile side circuit to take immediate action to handle the occurrence of a fault without delay.

[0056] Furthermore, while one skilled in the art would consider shorting the secondary resonant circuit 26 to be safer than switching from full-bridge mode to half-bridge mode, such a perception ignores the very high currents generated during this switching event leading to a new type of hazard. This hazard is overcome by the present invention.

[0057] Furthermore, according to the present invention, in the event of a fault, the current stress in the mobile-side rectifier 32 is significantly reduced because the voltage variation is not as large as in the case of a switched hard short circuit.

[0058] Another important advantage of the present invention is that, in order to change the operating mode of the mobile side rectifier with a minimum configuration, in the event of a fault, only one switching element is required to bypass or short-circuit at least one rectifying element in the mobile side rectifier 32, instead of two switches. This reduces the cost and complexity of the system.

[0059] Furthermore, it should be noted that as long as the operating mode during fault-free operation is different from the target operating mode of the mobile side rectifier 32 used when a fault occurs in the mobile side circuit 24, the change of the operating mode in the mobile side rectifier 32 is not subject to any restrictions and is only changed in one direction, for example, from full-bridge mode to half-bridge mode.

[0060] Next, we will refer to Figures 4 to 19 Various embodiments for realizing the basic concept of the present invention as described above are described.

[0061] Figure 4 The flowchart of the operation of the mobile side circuit of the wireless power transmission system according to the present invention is shown.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S10, the wireless power transmission system 10 starts wireless power transmission by being operably executed by the fixed side circuit 12 under the control of the fixed side controller 16 and by the mobile side circuit 24 under the control of the mobile side controller 40. At this stage, in step S12, it will be checked whether a fault occurs on the mobile side by being operably executed by the mobile side fault detector 42 and the mobile side controller 40. If so, the fault handling procedure according to the present invention will start, otherwise the processing flow will be carried out according to the standard procedure.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S14, the mobile-side controller 40 is operable to determine the first operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 according to the main operation conditions, such as the type of the load 38, the power consumption of the load 38, etc. Then, during the fault-free operation of the mobile-side circuit, the mobile-side rectifier operates in the first operation mode, such as the half-bridge rectification mode or the full-bridge rectification mode;

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S16, whether a fault occurs on the mobile side is again checked by the mobile side fault detector 42 and the mobile side controller 40. Such checking can be performed according to a predetermined interval, when a relevant control signal is issued, or under any other suitable conditions.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, if the result of step S16 is that a fault state occurs on the mobile side, step S18 follows, which is operably executed by the mobile side controller 40 to determine a second operating mode, which is different from the first operating mode and is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal of switching the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 to the input side of the mobile side rectifier 32, and an inversion mode of shifting the input voltage and input current of the mobile side rectifier 32 relative to each other according to a predetermined range.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S20, the mobile-side rectifier 32 is operated in the second operation mode, which is operatively performed by the mobile-side controller 40. As outlined above and explained in more detail below, this can be achieved by controlling at least one switching element of at least one rectifying element connected in parallel to the mobile-side rectifier 32, so as to change the first operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 to the second operation mode when a fault condition occurs in the mobile-side circuit.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, in step S22, it is operatively performed by the mobile side fault detector 42 and the mobile side controller 40 to check whether a fault occurs on the mobile side. Such a check can be implemented according to a predetermined interval, when a relevant control signal is issued, or under any other suitable conditions. If the result of step 22 is negative, the operation of the mobile side circuit in the second operation mode will continue, otherwise the process will continue with the mobile side circuit 24 operating in the first operation mode.

[0068] It should be noted that according to the present invention, the first operating mode may remain unchanged, for example in full-bridge mode or half-bridge mode, or may be changed from full-bridge mode to half-bridge mode when operating conditions during trouble-free operation of the mobile side require.

[0069] Figure 5 The flowchart of the operation of the fixed-side circuit of the wireless power transmission system according to the present invention is shown.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, assuming that wireless power transmission has started, in step S24, the wireless power transmission is carried out from the fixed side to the mobile side by operatively controlling by the fixed side controller 16. Then, in step S26, the amount of power transmitted to the mobile side is monitored by operatively executing by the fixed side controller 16. It should be noted that such monitoring can be implemented at fixed intervals, when operating conditions change, or under any other suitable conditions.

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, in step S28, operatively executed by the fixed-side controller 16, it is determined whether the change in the amount of transmitted power or current exceeds a predetermined threshold. A typical range of the predetermined threshold according to the present invention may be in the range of 5% to 20%. If the evaluation in step S28 is positive, then step S30 follows, which is operatively executed by the fixed-side controller 16 to interrupt the wireless power transmission to the mobile side. The interruption of the power supply to the mobile-side circuit 24 allows any damage to the circuit elements of the mobile-side circuit 24 to be avoided in a very efficient and safe manner.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown and as an option, if the evaluation in step S28 is not positive, another way to achieve power supply interruption to the mobile side circuit 24 is to exchange a fault status notification from the mobile side circuit to the fixed side circuit in step 32, which is operably performed by the mobile side controller 40 and the mobile side communication interface 46 and the fixed side controller 16 and the fixed side communication interface 48.

[0073] Hereinafter, various examples of changing the operation mode in the mobile-side rectifier 32 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described assuming that the mobile-side rectifier has a full-bridge circuit topology.

[0074] Figure 6 A first example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode, and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, the mobile side rectifier 32 is a full bridge rectifier and has a first rectifying element 50 and a second rectifying element 52 connected in series between a first output terminal 54 and a second output terminal 56 of the full bridge rectifier and has a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal 58 of the full bridge rectifier.

[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, the mobile-side rectifier 32 also has a third rectifying element 60 and a fourth rectifying element 62 connected in series between the first output terminal 54 and the second output terminal 56 of the full-bridge rectifier 32 and having a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal 64 of the full-bridge rectifier.

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, the mobile-side rectifier further includes a first switching element 66 , which is connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50 .

[0078] like Figure 6 As shown, assuming that the first rectifying element 50 is bypassed when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Figure 6 As shown in the right figure.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, during the positive half cycle of the input current, current flows through the first switching element 66, the energy storage circuit 34 and the fourth rectifying element 62. In contrast, during the negative half cycle of the input current, current flows through the third rectifying element 60 and the first switching element 66.

[0080] As can be clearly seen from the above, the change of the operating mode of the mobile-side rectifier from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode is achieved by short-circuiting or equivalently bypassing the first rectifying element 50, thereby realizing the first half-bridge circuit 68. In addition, since the current will always flow through one rectifying element of the first half-bridge circuit 68, the first switching element 66 and (during the positive half cycle) the energy storage circuit 34, the short-circuiting of the mobile-side resonant circuit 26 and the related excessive transient behavior of the voltage and current at the mobile-side circuit 24 can be avoided.

[0081] Figure 7 A second example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Figure 7 The basic circuit topology of the mobile rectifier circuit 32 shown in FIG. 1 is similar to that described above with respect to FIG. Figure 6 The topology outlined, differs in that the second switching element 70 is connected to the second rectifying element 52 .

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown, assuming that the second rectifying element 52 is bypassed when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Figure 7 As shown in the right figure.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, during the positive half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the second switching element 70 and the fourth rectifying element 62. In contrast, during the negative half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the third rectifying element 60 and the energy storage circuit 34 and the second switching element 70.

[0085] It can be clearly seen from the above that by short-circuiting or equivalently bypassing the second rectifying element 52, the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode, thereby realizing the second half-bridge circuit 72. Figure 7 The example shown achieves the same effect as described above. Figure 6 Same as described.

[0086] Figure 8 A third example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 8The basic circuit topology of the mobile rectifier circuit 32 shown is similar to that described above with respect to Figure 6 The topology outlined, except that the third switching element 74 is connected to the third rectifying element 60 .

[0088] like Figure 8 As shown, assuming that the third rectifying element 60 is bypassed when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Figure 8 As shown in the right figure.

[0089] like Figure 8 As shown, during the positive half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the first rectifying element 50 and the third switching element 74. In contrast, during the negative half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the third switching element 74, the energy storage circuit 34 and the second rectifying element 52.

[0090] It can be clearly seen from the above that by short-circuiting or equivalently bypassing the third rectifying element 60, the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode, thereby realizing the third half-bridge circuit 76. Figure 8 The example shown achieves the same effect as described above. Figure 6 Same as described.

[0091] Fig. 9 A fourth example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode, and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] Fig. 9 The basic circuit topology of the rectifier circuit shown is similar to the above Figure 6 The topology outlined, except that the fourth switching element 78 is connected to the fourth rectifying element 62 .

[0093] like Fig. 9 As shown, assuming that the fourth rectifying element 62 is bypassed when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Fig. 9 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Fig. 9 As shown in the right figure.

[0094] like Fig. 9As shown, during the positive half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the first rectifying element 50, the energy storage unit 34 and the fourth switching element 78. In contrast, during the negative half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the fourth switching element 78 and the second rectifying element 52.

[0095] It can be clearly seen from the above that by short-circuiting or equivalently bypassing the fourth rectifying element 62, the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode, thereby realizing the fourth half-bridge circuit 80. Figure 8 The example shown achieves the same effect as described above. Figure 6 Same as described.

[0096] Fig.10 Graphs showing voltage and current signals of the fixed-side circuit 12 and the mobile-side circuit 24 when the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode and from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] like Fig.10 As shown, according to the present invention Figure 2 Compared to the graphs shown, the transient behavior of the voltage and current shows a significant reduction in overshoot, thereby achieving a correspondingly reduced load on the circuit elements of the mobile side circuit 24. Fig.10 As shown, since neither high current nor high voltage is generated, current stress in the mobile rectifier circuit 32 is avoided compared to a hard short circuit situation.

[0098] Fig.11 Graphs showing voltage and current signals of the fixed-side circuit 12 and the mobile-side circuit 24 when the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 is changed from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode and from the full-bridge mode to the half-bridge mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] like Fig.11 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the operation mode of the mobile side resonant circuit 32 is changed from the half-bridge mode to the full-bridge mode, the present invention obtains the same Fig.10 Similar results were shown.

[0100] also, Fig.11 The examples shown are similar to those above regarding Figure 5 The illustrated case relates to a situation in which the fixed-side controller 16 detects an increase in power supply to the mobile-side circuit 32 or receives a notification that a failure has occurred in the mobile-side circuit 32 , and then interrupts wireless power transmission to the mobile-side circuit 32 .

[0101] In the following, different examples of changing the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described assuming that the mobile-side rectifier has a full-bridge circuit topology. Figures 6 to 10 Compared with the example shown in FIG. 1 , the difference is that, in the following example, two switching elements for changing the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 are provided.

[0102] Fig.12 A first example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 is changed from the full-bridge mode to the DC mode without polarity inversion and from the DC mode without polarity inversion to the full-bridge mode according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] like Fig.12 As shown, the mobile-side rectifier 32 includes a switching element 82 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50 and a switching element 84 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62 .

[0104] In operation, the mobile-side control circuit 40 is adapted to simultaneously close or open the switch element 82 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50 and the switch element 84 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62 when a fault condition occurs in the mobile-side circuit 32 .

[0105] like Fig.12 As shown, assuming that the first rectifying element 50 and the fourth rectifying element 62 are bypassed when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Fig.12 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Fig.12 As shown in the right figure.

[0106] like Fig.12 As shown, during the positive half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the switch element 82 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50, the energy storage circuit 34, and the switch element 84 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 50. In addition, during the negative half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the switch element 84 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62, the energy storage circuit 34, and the switch element 82 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50.

[0107] Fig.13 It shows that Fig.12 An equivalent schematic diagram showing the change in operation mode of the mobile side rectifier from full bridge mode to DC mode without polarity reversal.

[0108] like Fig.13As shown, the second operating mode is changed to a DC mode in which there is no polarity reversal of the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34. By switching both switching elements 82 and 84, the power transmission to the load 38 is immediately interrupted. The secondary resonant circuit is connected to a DC voltage equal to the voltage of the energy storage circuit 34. Optionally, the fixed side circuit 12 of the wireless power transmission system detects this event and shuts down the power supply from the fixed side circuit 12 to the mobile side circuit 24.

[0109] Fig.14 A second example is shown in which the operating mode of the mobile-side rectifier is changed from full-bridge mode to DC mode with polarity reversal and from DC mode with polarity reversal to full-bridge mode according to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0110] like Fig.14 As shown, the mobile-side rectifier 32 includes a switching element 86 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52 and a switching element 88 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60 .

[0111] In operation, the mobile-side control circuit 40 is adapted to simultaneously close or open the switch element 86 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52 and the switch element 88 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60 when a fault condition occurs in the mobile-side circuit 32 .

[0112] like Fig.14 As shown, assuming that the second rectifying element 52 and the third rectifying element 60 are bypassed when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Fig.14 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Fig.14 As shown in the right figure.

[0113] like Fig.14 As shown, during the positive half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the switch element 86 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52, the energy storage circuit 34, and the switch element 88 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60. In addition, during the negative half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the switch element 88 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60, the energy storage circuit 34, and the switch element 86 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52.

[0114] Fig.15 It shows that Fig.14 Equivalent schematic diagram showing the change of the operating mode of the mobile side rectifier from full bridge mode to DC mode with polarity reversal.

[0115] like Fig.15 As shown above, Fig.12 and Fig.13 The first example of the second embodiment of the present invention is described with respect to Fig.13 and Fig.14 The difference between the second example of the second embodiment of the present invention described is the DC mode in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 is mapped to the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 32 in a polarity-inverted manner. In addition, here, the mobile-side resonance circuit 26 is never short-circuited, so for the second example of the second embodiment of the present invention, similar effects as those outlined above for the first example of the second embodiment of the present invention can be achieved.

[0116] In the following, different examples of changing the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described assuming that the mobile-side rectifier has a full-bridge circuit topology. Figures 6 to 10 Compared with the illustrated example, the difference is that, in the following embodiment, four switching elements for changing the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 are provided.

[0117] Fig.16 An example is shown in which the operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier 32 is changed from the full-bridge mode to the reverse-phase mode, and from the reverse-phase mode to the full-bridge mode according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0118] like Fig.16 As shown, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the mobile-side rectifier 32 has a switching element 90 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50, a switching element 92 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52, a switching element 94 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60, and a switching element 96 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62.

[0119] In operation, the mobile side control circuit 40 is suitable for achieving an inverting mode during a negative cycle of the current from the mobile side resonant circuit 26 by simultaneously closing the switch element 90 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50 and the switch element 96 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62, and simultaneously opening the switch element 92 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52 and the switch element 94 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60.

[0120] Furthermore, operationally, the mobile side control circuit 40 is adapted to achieve an inverting mode during a positive cycle of the current from the mobile side resonant circuit 26 by simultaneously closing the switch element 92 connected in parallel with the second rectifying element 52 and the switch element 94 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60 and simultaneously opening the switch element 90 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50 and the switch element 96 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62.

[0121] like Fig.16As shown, assuming that when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, the first rectifying element 50 and the fourth rectifying element 62 are bypassed, during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Fig.16 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Fig.16 As shown in the right figure.

[0122] like Fig.16 As shown, during the negative half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the switch element 92 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 50, the energy storage circuit 34, and the switch element 96 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62. In addition, during the positive half cycle of the input current, the current flows through the switch element 94 connected in parallel with the third rectifying element 60, the energy storage circuit 34, and the switch element 96 connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element 62.

[0123] Fig.17 shows the negative cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier, as Fig.16 An equivalent schematic diagram showing the change in operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier from full-bridge mode to inverting mode.

[0124] like Fig.17 As shown in FIG. 3 , in the event of a fault condition in the mobile side circuit 32, the four switching elements 90, 92, 94, 96 generate a voltage u_2,hf with a 180° phase shift compared to the current i_2,hf, i.e., a positive voltage u_2,hf is generated during the negative half cycle of the current i_2,hf. As a result, energy will be transferred back to the fixed side, where the fixed side controller 15 can detect the event and shut down the power supply to the fixed side resonant circuit 26, thereby also shutting down the power supply to the mobile side circuit 24.

[0125] Fig.18 shows the positive cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier, as Fig.16 An equivalent schematic diagram showing the change in operation mode of the mobile-side rectifier from full-bridge mode to inverting mode.

[0126] like Fig.18 As shown in FIG. 1 , in the case of a fault condition in the mobile side circuit 32, the four switching elements 90, 92, 94, 96 generate a voltage u_2,hf with a 180° phase shift compared to the current i_2,hf, i.e., a negative voltage u_2,hf is generated during the positive half cycle of the current i_2,hf. Therefore, also during the positive half cycle of the current i_2,hf, energy will be delivered back to the fixed side. Similarly, the fixed side controller 16 can shut down the power supply to the mobile side circuit 24.

[0127] It should be noted that according to the present invention, the phase shift between the voltage u_2,hf and the current i_2,hf is not limited to a value of 180°. Generally, according to the present invention, the mobile side controller 40 can be adapted to control the switching elements 90, 92, 94, 96 to generate a voltage u_2,hf having a phase shift in the range of 180°±30° compared to the current i_2,hf. Alternatively, the phase shift can be in the range of 90°±30°, which results in a reduction in power delivery to the mobile side circuitry compared to the range of 180°±30°, while reducing stress on the associated circuit elements.

[0128] Next, an example of changing the operation mode in the mobile-side rectifier 32 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described assuming that the mobile-side rectifier has a half-bridge circuit topology.

[0129] Fig.19 The following example is shown: according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when a fault occurs on the mobile side, the operation mode of the mobile side rectifier is changed from half-bridge mode to DC mode without polarity reversal, and from DC mode without polarity reversal to half-bridge mode.

[0130] like Fig.19 As shown, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the mobile-side rectifier 32 is a half-bridge rectifier having a first rectifying element 98 and a second rectifying element 100 connected in series between a first output terminal 102 and a second output terminal 104 of the half-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element 98 and the second rectifying element 100 have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal 106 of the half-bridge rectifier, and have a connection terminal of the second rectifying element different from the common connection point connected to a second input terminal 108 of the half-bridge rectifier. In addition, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, one switching element 110 is connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 98.

[0131] According to the fourth embodiment, in operation, the mobile-side control circuit 40 is adapted to close the switch element 110 connected in parallel with the first rectifying element 98 to change the second operation mode to a DC mode in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit 34 has no polarity reversal.

[0132] like Fig.19 As shown, assuming that when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit 32, the first rectifying element 98 of the half-bridge rectifier is bypassed, then during the positive half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as follows: Fig.19 As shown in the middle figure of FIG. 3 , during the negative half cycle of the input current to the mobile side rectifier 32, the current flows as Fig.19 That is, in the two cases, the current will flow through the switch element 110 and the energy storage circuit 34 in different directions.

Claims

1. A mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system, comprising: a mobile-side resonant circuit (26) inductively coupled to a fixed-side resonant circuit (18) of the wireless power transmission system; a mobile side rectifier (32), the mobile side rectifier (32) being adapted to operate in a first operating mode during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, the first operating mode being a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; an energy storage circuit (34), the energy storage circuit (34) being connected in parallel with the output terminal of the moving-side rectifier (32) and being adapted to smooth the output of the moving-side rectifier (32); It is characterized in that A mobile side controller (40) adapted to control at least one switching element (66, 70, 74, 78; 82, 84, 86, 88; 90, 92, 94, 96; 110) connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element (50, 52, 60, 62; 98, 100) of the mobile side rectifier (32) to change the first operating mode of the mobile side rectifier (32) to a second operating mode when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (24); wherein The second operation mode is different from the first operation mode, and the second operation mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier (32), and in the inversion mode, the input voltage and input current of the mobile-side rectifier (32) are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift range; The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; a switching element (82) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50); and a switch element (84) connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element (62); wherein The mobile side control circuit (53) is adapted to simultaneously close or open the switch element (82) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50) and the switch element (84) connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element (62) when a fault state occurs in the mobile side circuit (24), so as to change the second operating mode to the DC mode in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) has no polarity reversal or to the full bridge mode.

2. The mobile side circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The moving-side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier including four rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), and includes a switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected to one of the rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), wherein the moving-side rectifier (32) is adapted to close or open the switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) when a fault condition occurs in the moving-side rectifier (32) to change the second operating mode to the half-bridge mode or the full-bridge mode.

3. The mobile side circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; as well as A switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50), the second rectifying element (52), the third rectifying element (60) or the fourth rectifying element (62).

4. The mobile side circuit according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a mobile side detector (42), the mobile side detector (42) being adapted to detect the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32), wherein the mobile side controller (40) is adapted to disconnect the switch (36) connecting the energy storage circuit (36) and the mobile side load (38) when the mobile side detector (42) detects the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32).

5. The mobile-side circuit according to claim 4, comprising a mobile-side communication interface (46), wherein the mobile-side communication interface (46) is adapted to indicate the occurrence of a fault condition at the mobile-side circuit (24) to a fixed-side controller (16) of the wireless power transmission system.

6. A mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system, comprising: a mobile-side resonant circuit (26) inductively coupled to a fixed-side resonant circuit (18) of the wireless power transmission system; a mobile side rectifier (32), the mobile side rectifier (32) being adapted to operate in a first operating mode during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, the first operating mode being a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; an energy storage circuit (34), the energy storage circuit (34) being connected in parallel with the output terminal of the moving-side rectifier (32) and being adapted to smooth the output of the moving-side rectifier (32); It is characterized in that A mobile side controller (40) adapted to control at least one switching element (66, 70, 74, 78; 82, 84, 86, 88; 90, 92, 94, 96; 110) connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element (50, 52, 60, 62; 98, 100) of the mobile side rectifier (32) to change the first operating mode of the mobile side rectifier (32) to a second operating mode when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (24); wherein The second operation mode is different from the first operation mode, and the second operation mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier (32), and in the inversion mode, the input voltage and input current of the mobile-side rectifier (32) are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift range; The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; a switching element (86) connected in parallel with the second rectifying element (52); and a switch element (88) connected in parallel with the third rectifying element (60); wherein The mobile side controller (40) is adapted to simultaneously close or open the switch element (86) connected in parallel with the second rectifying element (52) and the switch element (88) connected in parallel with the third rectifying element (60) when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (32), so as to change the second operating mode to the DC mode in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) has a reversed polarity or to the full bridge mode.

7. The mobile side circuit according to claim 6, wherein: The moving-side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier including four rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), and includes a switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected to one of the rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), wherein the moving-side rectifier (32) is adapted to close or open the switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) when a fault condition occurs in the moving-side rectifier (32) to change the second operating mode to the half-bridge mode or the full-bridge mode.

8. The mobile side circuit according to claim 7, wherein: The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; as well as A switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50), the second rectifying element (52), the third rectifying element (60) or the fourth rectifying element (62).

9. The mobile side circuit according to one of claims 7 to 8, comprising a mobile side detector (42), the mobile side detector (42) being adapted to detect the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32), wherein the mobile side controller (40) is adapted to disconnect the switch (36) connecting the energy storage circuit (36) and the mobile side load (38) when the mobile side detector (42) detects the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32).

10. The mobile-side circuit of claim 9, comprising a mobile-side communication interface (46) adapted to indicate the occurrence of a fault condition at the mobile-side circuit (24) to a fixed-side controller (16) of the wireless power transfer system.

11. A mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system, comprising: a mobile-side resonant circuit (26) inductively coupled to a fixed-side resonant circuit (18) of the wireless power transmission system; a mobile side rectifier (32), the mobile side rectifier (32) being adapted to operate in a first operating mode during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, the first operating mode being a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; an energy storage circuit (34), the energy storage circuit (34) being connected in parallel with the output terminal of the moving-side rectifier (32) and being adapted to smooth the output of the moving-side rectifier (32); It is characterized in that A mobile side controller (40) adapted to control at least one switching element (66, 70, 74, 78; 82, 84, 86, 88; 90, 92, 94, 96; 110) connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element (50, 52, 60, 62; 98, 100) of the mobile side rectifier (32) to change the first operating mode of the mobile side rectifier (32) to a second operating mode when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (24); wherein The second operation mode is different from the first operation mode, and the second operation mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier (32), and in the inversion mode, the input voltage and input current of the mobile-side rectifier (32) are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift range; The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; a switching element (90) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50); a switching element (92) connected in parallel with the second rectifying element (52); a switching element (94) connected in parallel with the third rectifying element (60); and a switch element (96) connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element (62); wherein The mobile side controller (40) is adapted to change the second operating mode to the reverse phase mode by: During a negative cycle of the current from the mobile-side resonant circuit (26), the switch element (90) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50) and the switch element (96) connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element (62) are simultaneously closed, and the switch element (92) connected in parallel with the second rectifying element (52) and the switch element (94) connected in parallel with the third rectifying element (60) are simultaneously opened; and During a positive cycle of the current from the mobile-side resonant circuit (26), the switch element (92) connected in parallel with the second rectifying element (51) and the switch element (94) connected in parallel with the third rectifying element (60) are closed simultaneously, and the switch element (90) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50) and the switch element (96) connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element (62) are opened simultaneously.

12. The mobile side circuit according to claim 11, wherein: The moving-side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier including four rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), and includes a switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected to one of the rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), wherein the moving-side rectifier (32) is adapted to close or open the switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) when a fault condition occurs in the moving-side rectifier (32) to change the second operating mode to the half-bridge mode or the full-bridge mode.

13. The mobile side circuit according to claim 12, wherein: The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; as well as A switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50), the second rectifying element (52), the third rectifying element (60) or the fourth rectifying element (62).

14. The mobile side circuit according to one of claims 11 to 13, comprising a mobile side detector (42), the mobile side detector (42) being adapted to detect the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32), wherein the mobile side controller (40) is adapted to disconnect the switch (36) connecting the energy storage circuit (36) and the mobile side load (38) when the mobile side detector (42) detects the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32).

15. The mobile-side circuit of claim 14, comprising a mobile-side communication interface (46) adapted to indicate the occurrence of a fault condition at the mobile-side circuit (24) to a fixed-side controller (16) of the wireless power transfer system.

16. A mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system, comprising: a mobile-side resonant circuit (26) inductively coupled to a fixed-side resonant circuit (18) of the wireless power transmission system; a mobile side rectifier (32), the mobile side rectifier (32) being adapted to operate in a first operating mode during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, the first operating mode being a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; an energy storage circuit (34), the energy storage circuit (34) being connected in parallel with the output terminal of the moving-side rectifier (32) and being adapted to smooth the output of the moving-side rectifier (32); It is characterized in that A mobile side controller (40) adapted to control at least one switching element (66, 70, 74, 78; 82, 84, 86, 88; 90, 92, 94, 96; 110) connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element (50, 52, 60, 62; 98, 100) of the mobile side rectifier (32) to change the first operating mode of the mobile side rectifier (32) to a second operating mode when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (24); wherein The second operation mode is different from the first operation mode, and the second operation mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier (32), and in the inversion mode, the input voltage and input current of the mobile-side rectifier (32) are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift range; The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; a switching element (90) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50); a switching element (92) connected in parallel with the second rectifying element (52); a switching element (94) connected in parallel with the third rectifying element (60); and a switch element (96) connected in parallel with the fourth rectifying element (62); wherein The mobile side controller (40) is adapted to change the second operating mode to the anti-phase mode so that the input voltage to the mobile side rectifier (32) has a phase shift within the range of 180°±30° or 90°±30° relative to the input current to the mobile side rectifier (32) to transfer power from the mobile side circuit (32) of the wireless power transmission system back to the fixed side circuit (12).

17. The mobile side circuit according to claim 16, wherein: The moving-side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier including four rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), and includes a switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected to one of the rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), wherein the moving-side rectifier (32) is adapted to close or open the switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) when a fault condition occurs in the moving-side rectifier (32) to change the second operating mode to the half-bridge mode or the full-bridge mode.

18. The mobile side circuit according to claim 17, wherein: The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; as well as A switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50), the second rectifying element (52), the third rectifying element (60) or the fourth rectifying element (62).

19. The mobile side circuit according to one of claims 16 to 18, comprising a mobile side detector (42) adapted to detect the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32), wherein the mobile side controller (40) is adapted to disconnect the switch (36) connecting the energy storage circuit (36) and the mobile side load (38) when the mobile side detector (42) detects the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32).

20. The mobile-side circuit of claim 19, comprising a mobile-side communication interface (46) adapted to indicate the occurrence of a fault condition at the mobile-side circuit (24) to a fixed-side controller (16) of the wireless power transfer system.

21. A mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system, comprising: a mobile-side resonant circuit (26) inductively coupled to a fixed-side resonant circuit (18) of the wireless power transmission system; a mobile side rectifier (32), the mobile side rectifier (32) being adapted to operate in a first operating mode during a fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, the first operating mode being a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; an energy storage circuit (34), the energy storage circuit (34) being connected in parallel with the output terminal of the moving-side rectifier (32) and being adapted to smooth the output of the moving-side rectifier (32); It is characterized in that A mobile side controller (40) adapted to control at least one switching element (66, 70, 74, 78; 82, 84, 86, 88; 90, 92, 94, 96; 110) connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element (50, 52, 60, 62; 98, 100) of the mobile side rectifier (32) to change the first operating mode of the mobile side rectifier (32) to a second operating mode when a fault condition occurs in the mobile side circuit (24); wherein The second operation mode is different from the first operation mode, and the second operation mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inversion mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier (32), and in the inversion mode, the input voltage and input current of the mobile-side rectifier (32) are phase-shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined phase shift range; The mobile side rectifier (32) is a half-bridge rectifier, and the half-bridge rectifier has: a first rectifying element (98) and a second rectifying element (100) connected in series between a first output terminal (102) and a second output terminal (104) of the half-bridge rectifier, wherein the first rectifying element (98) and the second rectifying element (100) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (106) of the half-bridge rectifier, and a connection terminal of the second rectifying element (100) different from the common connection point connected to a second input terminal (108) of the half-bridge rectifier; and a switching element (102) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (98); wherein The mobile-side controller (40) is adapted to close the switching element (110) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (98) to change the second operation mode to the DC mode in which the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) has no polarity reversal.

22. The mobile side circuit according to claim 21, wherein: The moving-side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier including four rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), and includes a switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected to one of the rectifying elements (50, 52, 60, 62), wherein the moving-side rectifier (32) is adapted to close or open the switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) when a fault condition occurs in the moving-side rectifier (32) to change the second operating mode to the half-bridge mode or the full-bridge mode.

23. The mobile side circuit according to claim 22, wherein: The mobile side rectifier (32) is a full-bridge rectifier, and the full-bridge rectifier has: A first rectifying element (50) and a second rectifying element (52) connected in series between a first output terminal (54) and a second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the first rectifying element (50) and the second rectifying element (52) have a common connection terminal connected to a first input terminal (58) of the full-bridge rectifier; a third rectifying element (60) and a fourth rectifying element (62) connected in series between the first output terminal (54) and the second output terminal (56) of the full-bridge rectifier, and the third rectifying element (60) and the fourth rectifying element (62) have a common connection terminal connected to the second input terminal (64) of the full-bridge rectifier; as well as A switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected in parallel with the first rectifying element (50), the second rectifying element (52), the third rectifying element (60) or the fourth rectifying element (62).

24. A mobile side circuit according to one of claims 21 to 23, comprising a mobile side detector (42), the mobile side detector (42) being adapted to detect the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32), wherein the mobile side controller (40) is adapted to disconnect the switch (36) connecting the energy storage circuit (36) and the mobile side load (38) when the mobile side detector (42) detects the occurrence of a fault state in the mobile side circuit (32).

25. The mobile-side circuit of claim 24, comprising a mobile-side communication interface (46) adapted to indicate the occurrence of a fault condition at the mobile-side circuit (24) to a fixed-side controller (16) of the wireless power transfer system.

26. A wireless power transmission system, characterized in that: The wireless power transmission system comprises: at least one mobile-side circuit (24) according to one of claims 1, 6, 11, 16 and 21; a fixed-side exciting unit (14), the fixed-side exciting unit (14) being adapted to excite the fixed-side resonant circuit (18) to transmit wireless power to the at least one mobile-side circuit (24); A fixed-side controller (16), wherein the fixed-side controller (16) is adapted to: controlling the operation of the fixed-side excitation unit (14), monitoring power delivery to the at least one mobile side circuit (24), and When the amount of power transmitted to the at least one mobile side circuit (32) changes beyond a predetermined threshold, the wireless power transmission is interrupted.

27. The wireless power transmission system according to claim 26, wherein: The fixed-side controller (16) is adapted to interrupt wireless power transmission to the at least one mobile-side circuit (24) when the amount of power transmitted to the mobile-side circuit (24) changes by 5% or more.

28. A wireless power transmission system according to claim 26 or 27, comprising a fixed side communication interface (48), wherein the fixed side communication interface (48) is suitable for receiving a notification of a fault occurring at the at least one mobile side circuit (24), wherein the fixed side controller (16) is suitable for interrupting the wireless power transmission when receiving a notification of a fault occurring at the at least one mobile side circuit (24).

29. A method of operating a mobile side circuit of a wireless power transmission system according to one of claims 1, 6, 11, 16 and 21, the method comprising: Step (S14): during the fault-free operation of the mobile side circuit, operating the mobile side rectifier (32) in a first operation mode, the first operation mode being a half-bridge rectification mode or a full-bridge rectification mode; Steps (S16, S18, S20): controlling at least one switching element (66, 70, 74, 78) connected in parallel with at least one rectifying element (50, 52, 60, 62) of the mobile-side rectifier (32) to change the first operating mode of the mobile-side rectifier (32) to a second operating mode when a fault state occurs in the mobile-side circuit; in The second operating mode is different from the first operating mode, and the second operating mode is selected from a half-bridge mode, a full-bridge mode, a DC mode with or without polarity reversal, and an inverting mode, wherein in the DC mode, the voltage across the energy storage circuit (34) is switched to the input side of the mobile-side rectifier (32), and in the inverting mode, the input voltage and input current of the mobile-side rectifier (32) are shifted relative to each other according to a predetermined range.

30. A method of operating a wireless power transmission system according to one of claims 26 to 28, comprising: Step (S26, S8): monitoring the power transmission of the mobile side circuit (24); as well as Step (S30): When the amount of power transmitted to the mobile side circuit (24) changes beyond a predetermined threshold, the wireless power transmission is interrupted.

Images