A new type of bone lengthening intramedullary nail

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail, wherein the main nail of the intramedullary nail is composed of an upper nail body and a lower nail body, both of which are hollow structures and connected by a connecting pin, a sliding long groove is axially arranged on the upper part of the lower nail body, the connecting pin can slide up and down along the sliding long groove, the diameter of the upper nail body is larger than the diameter of the lower nail body, an extension device is installed between the inner wall of the upper nail body and the upper end of the lower nail body, a dynamic screw hole and a static screw hole are arranged on the upper nail body, a fixing screw hole is arranged on the lower nail body, an adjustment hole is arranged on the lower section of the lower nail body, and a dynamic bone screw, a static bone screw and a fixing bone screw are respectively installed in the dynamic screw hole, the static screw hole and the fixing screw hole, the dynamic bone screw can move up and down along the dynamic screw hole, a tail cap is arranged on the top of the upper nail body, and an elastic body is arranged between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw. Compared with the bone lengthening method of the external fixation bracket method, the disadvantages of nail channel infection, joint dysfunction, and complicated operation can be reduced, the operation and control are easy, and the complications of the bone lengthening method of the external fixation bracket can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] Bone lengthening surgery is an effective surgical method for treating limb shortening. The conventional treatment method is to close and amputate the long bones of the lower limbs at the epiphysis, use an extended external fixator to fix the upper and lower ends of the bones, and gradually lengthen them about a week after the operation, generally by 0.5-1.0mm per day. During the lengthening process, the body's tissue regeneration potential is constantly stimulated to form new bones, thereby achieving the purpose of lengthening the limbs. However, there are also many disadvantages, such as the complex structure of the extended external fixation frame, the exposure of the fixation pins to the body surface, the complex surgical operation, the long time of wearing the frame after surgery, the bone screws or Steinmann wires used for fixation can easily affect the sliding of muscles and tendons, and can easily cause joint stiffness, the nail channel care work is cumbersome and the nail channel is prone to infection, and the entire external fixator is exposed to the body surface, which has a great impact on the patient's life, is inconvenient, and is not easily accepted by patients.

[0003] In order to avoid the various disadvantages of extended external fixators, the design of bone extended intramedullary nails has become a trend. Magnetic-driven bone extended intramedullary nails are currently a method for achieving bone extension. However, the existing magnetic-driven bone extended intramedullary nails have a large nail body diameter and are not suitable for patients with a small medullary cavity diameter. The magnetic driving force is relatively small. When the extended length is greater than 5-6 cm, it will not be driven, resulting in extension termination. The bone extended intramedullary nail needs to be removed and another extension method needs to be used in the next surgery. The fracture end and the extended bone segment cannot be given stress stimulation, which is prone to stress shielding and slow healing and mineralization of the extended bone. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel bone extension intramedullary nail to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, such as the large diameter of the nail body when using the existing magnetic bone extension intramedullary nail, which is not suitable for patients with a small medullary cavity diameter, the small magnetic driving force, and the inability to drive when the extension length is greater than 5-6cm, resulting in the termination of the extension, and the need to remove the bone extension intramedullary nail and perform another surgery to extend it; the fracture end and the extended bone segment cannot be given stress stimulation, which is prone to stress shielding, and the extended bone healing and mineralization are slow, and other deficiencies and surgical risks.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a novel bone extension intramedullary nail, including an intramedullary nail main nail, the intramedullary nail main nail is composed of an upper nail body and a lower nail body, the upper nail body and the lower nail body are both hollow structures and are connected by a connecting pin, the upper part of the lower nail body is axially provided with a sliding long groove, the connecting pin can slide up and down along the sliding long groove, the diameter of the upper nail body is larger than the diameter of the lower nail body, an extension device is installed between the inner wall of the upper nail body and the upper end of the lower nail body, the upper nail body is provided with a dynamic screw hole and a static screw hole arranged up and down, a scale hole is provided on the lower wall of the upper nail body, a fixing screw hole is provided on the lower nail body, and an adjustment hole is provided on the lower section of the lower nail body, the dynamic screw hole, the static screw hole, and the fixing screw hole are respectively installed with a dynamic bone screw, a static bone screw, and a fixed bone screw, the dynamic bone screw can move up and down along the dynamic screw hole, and a tail cap is installed on the top of the upper nail body.

[0008] Furthermore, an elastic body 1 is arranged between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw, and the connecting pin can be configured as a single pin or a double pin connection.

[0009] Furthermore, an extension device is arranged between the upper nail body and the lower nail body, and the extension device is one of the following modes: a. elastic propulsion mode: an adjusting screw sleeve, an elastic body 2, and a spring base which are threadedly connected to the inner wall of the upper nail body are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body, a magnetic body 1 is fastened in the adjusting screw sleeve, the lower end of the adjusting screw sleeve is fastened to the upper end of the elastic body 2, the lower end of the elastic body 2 is fastened to the spring base, an annular groove is arranged on the lower side wall of the spring base, a spring pin is arranged on the upper side wall of the lower nail body, and the lower nail body is slidably connected with the annular groove arranged on the side wall of the spring base through the spring pin; b. screw rod propulsion mode: an adjusting screw sleeve and an elastic body 2 are arranged between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body, and a magnetic body 1 is fastened in the adjusting screw sleeve, the lower end of the adjusting screw sleeve is fastened to the upper end of the elastic body 2, the lower end of the elastic body 2 is fastened to the spring base, an annular groove is arranged on the lower side wall of the spring base, a spring pin is arranged on the upper side wall of the lower nail body, and the lower nail body is slidably connected with the annular groove arranged on the side wall of the spring base by the spring pin; There is a magnetic body, which is tightly connected to the adjusting screw sleeve, and the outer wall of the lower part of the adjusting screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the lower nail body; c. Pulling and extending method: a pulling and extending device is arranged on the lower nail body, and the pulling and extending device includes an adjusting piece, an adjusting hole, and a pulling device arranged on the lower nail body, and the adjusting piece includes an enlarged part and a body, and the enlarged part and the body can be integrated or separated, and the enlarged part is located in the hollow structure of the lower nail body, and the other end of the adjusting piece passes through the adjusting hole and is tightly fixed to the pulling device; d. Combined extension method: the extension method is one of the combination of the elastic propulsion method in method a and the pulling and extending method in method c, or the combination of the screw propulsion method in method b and the pulling and extending method in method c.

[0010] Furthermore, the pulling device is one of the following: a. The pulling device includes a rotating wheel, a fixed top screw 1, a fixed shaft, and a handle. The rotating wheel is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with a groove, a cable top screw hole, and a fixed top screw hole. A cable top screw 1 is installed in the cable top screw hole, and a fixed top screw 1 is installed in the fixed top screw hole. A fixed shaft hole is axially provided, and the fixed shaft is passed through the fixed shaft hole and is slidably connected to the rotating wheel. The cable top screw 1 fixes one end of the adjusting body to the rotating wheel. The handle is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel and is tightly connected to the rotating wheel. The fixed top screw 1 fixes the rotating wheel to the fixed shaft; b. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a fixing nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with a thread, and one end thereof An axial or radial fixing hole is provided, and a cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, in which a cable top screw 2 is installed. The cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the pulling rod. The fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The pulling rod is sequentially covered with a fixing nut, a base, and an adjusting nut; c. The pulling device includes a fixing seat, a fixing sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, and a fixing top screw 2. The fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The fixing sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixing top screw hole, in which a fixing top screw 2 for fixing the adjusting body is installed. The sleeve The outer wall of the part is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected with the adjusting sleeve, the fixing sleeve abuts against the fixing seat, and one end of the adjusting body is inserted into the fixing sleeve and the pulling hole 2; d. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a spring 3, a scale sleeve, a fixing nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with a thread, and one end of the pulling rod is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole, and a cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, and a cable top screw 2 is installed in the cable top screw 2. The cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole 1. The pulling rod is sequentially covered with a fixing nut, a base, a scale sleeve, a spring 3, and an adjusting nut. Mother, the adjusting nut is provided with a threaded portion and a sleeve portion, and the sleeve portion of the adjusting nut is sleeved on the outside of the scale sleeve; e. The pulling device includes a fixed seat, a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve with a scale, a fixed top screw 2, a spring 3, and a scale sleeve. The fixed seat includes a base and two pulling holes. The fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. A radial fixed top screw hole is provided on the side wall of the tail, in which a fixed top screw 2 of a fixed adjusting body is installed. A thread is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve portion, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting sleeve. The scale sleeve abuts against the fixed seat and is slidably connected to the adjusting sleeve. A spring 3 is installed in the scale sleeve, one end of which is lower than the adjusting sleeve, and one end of the adjusting body is passed through the fixed sleeve and the pulling hole 2.

[0011] Furthermore, the connection between the tail cap and the upper nail body is one of the following methods: a. An internal thread is provided on the inner side of the upper nail body, and an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the tail cap, and the tail cap is threadedly connected to the upper nail body; b. An annular groove and a vertical guide groove connected to the annular groove are provided along the inner side of the upper nail body, and a protrusion is provided at the head end of the tail cap, and the protrusion can slide along the annular groove and the vertical guide groove; c. An expansion sleeve threadedly connected to the tail cap is provided at the head of the tail cap.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastomer one and the elastomer two are respectively pressure-regulating elastomer one and pressure-regulating elastomer two, or elastic balloon one and elastic balloon two. When the elastomer one is elastomer one, the installation form of the elastomer one is one of the following installation forms: a. installing the pressure-regulating elastomer one in the accommodating cavity formed by the inner wall of the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw and the upper nail body; b. a guide sleeve is provided on the outer side of the upper nail body, and a through hole corresponding to the dynamic screw hole is provided on the guide sleeve. The pressure-regulating elastomer one is mounted on the outer side of the upper nail body and the tail cap, one end of which abuts against the guide sleeve, and the other end abuts against the convex eaves of the tail cap; the elastic balloon is located in the accommodating cavity formed by the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw and the inner wall of the upper nail body, and a balloon base is provided below the elastic balloon.

[0013] Furthermore, a second magnetic body is arranged inside the tail cap, which can drive the tail cap to move up and down along the upper nail body under the action of an external magnetic field.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustment hole is arranged in the top end or the side wall of the intramedullary nail body, and is arranged as an oblique hole or a transverse hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjusting member is one of a cable, a rope, a metal rod, and a metal wire.

[0016] Furthermore, the main nail of the intramedullary nail is set to have a curvature that is suitable for human bones.

[0017] (III) Beneficial effects

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when using existing magnetic bone extension intramedullary nails, the nail body diameter is too large and is not suitable for patients with a small medullary cavity diameter; the magnetic driving force is too small and when the extension length is greater than 5-6 cm, the nail cannot be driven, resulting in extension termination and the bone extension intramedullary nail needs to be removed and another extension method needs to be used for another surgery; the fracture end and the extended bone segment cannot be given stress stimulation, which is prone to stress shielding, and the extended bone healing and mineralization are slow, and there are other deficiencies and surgical risks.

[0019] The present invention is easy to fix and convenient to operate. Compared with the bone extension external fixator, it avoids the disadvantages of the fixation needle being exposed to the body surface, the nail channel being easily infected, the frame being worn for a long time after surgery, the bone screws or Steinmann wires used for fixation easily affecting the sliding of muscles and tendons, and easily causing joint stiffness, and the entire external fixator being exposed to the body surface, which is inconvenient and has a great impact on the patient's life. Compared with the existing magnetic bone extension intramedullary nail, it avoids the disadvantages that the existing magnetic bone extension intramedullary nail has a small driving force, and cannot be driven when the extension length is greater than 5-6cm, resulting in extension termination, the bone extension intramedullary nail needs to be removed, and another surgery is performed to extend it; the fracture end and the extended bone segment cannot be given stress stimulation, stress shielding is prone to occur, and the extended bone healing and mineralization are slow; it has the following advantages: 1. The extension device is one of the following methods: a. Elastic propulsion method: an elastic body 2 is arranged between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body; b. Screw propulsion method c. Pull-out extension method: an elastic body 2 is arranged between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body; c. Pull-out extension method: a pull-out extension device is arranged on the lower nail body, and the pull-out extension device includes an adjustment member, an adjustment hole, and a pull-out device arranged on the lower nail body, and the other end of the adjustment member passes through the adjustment hole and is fastened to the pull-out device outside the body; d. Combination extension method: the extension method is a combination of the elastic propulsion method in method a and the pull-out extension method in method c, or a combination of the screw propulsion method in method b and the pull-out extension method in method c. The elastic body 2 and the pull-out extension device can continuously apply traction to the extended bone segment, avoiding the disadvantage that the magnetic force cannot drive, resulting in the termination of extension, the need to remove the bone extension intramedullary nail, and another operation to extend the bone segment. 2. The driving force is greatly improved, especially the pull-out extension device can apply traction outside the body, the diameter of the bone extension intramedullary nail can be not limited by the size of the magnetic force, and various specifications of bone extension intramedullary nails suitable for the diameter of the human medullary cavity can be manufactured to expand the scope of surgical application. 3. An elastic body 1 is arranged between the tail cap of the bone lengthening intramedullary nail and the dynamic bone screw, and a magnetic body 2 is arranged inside the tail cap, which can drive the tail cap to move up and down along the nail body under the action of the external magnetic field, thereby avoiding stress shielding, giving appropriate stress stimulation to the lengthened bone, accelerating the healing and shaping of the lengthened bone segment, and removing the internal fixation at an early stage, thus alleviating the patient's pain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 11 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment a of the pulling device A;

[0032] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment b of the pulling device A;

[0033] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment c of the pulling device A;

[0034] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment d of the pulling device A;

[0035] Fig.16 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment e of the pulling device A;

[0036] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0037] 1: upper nail body; 2: tail cap; 3: spring 1; 4: dynamic screw hole; 5: dynamic bone screw; 6: static screw hole; 7: spring 2; 8: static bone screw; 9: elastic body base; 10: sliding long slot; 11: fixing screw hole 2; 12: connecting pin; 13: adjusting screw sleeve; 14: fixing screw hole 1; 15: magnetic body 1; 16: lower nail body; 17: fixing bone screw 1; 18: fixing bone screw 2; 19: elastic balloon; 20: guide sleeve; 21: expansion sleeve; 22: magnetic body 2; 23: protrusion; 24: annular groove; 25: vertical guide Slot; 26: adjusting body; 27: expansion; 28: adjusting hole; 29: fixing shaft; 30: rotating wheel; 31: cable top screw one; 32: cable top screw hole; 33: handle; 34: fixing top screw one; 35: pulling rod; 36: pulling hole one; 37: cable top screw two; 38: fixing nut; 39: base; 40: adjusting nut; 41: fixing top screw two; 42: adjusting sleeve; 43: pulling hole two; 44: fixing seat; 45: fixing sleeve; 46: spring three; 47: scale sleeve; 48: scale hole; 49: spring pin; 50: spring base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical means for realizing the present invention, the creative features, the objectives and effects to be achieved easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific diagrams. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection or a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internally connected between two elements.

[0039] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1As shown, a novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail comprises an intramedullary nail main nail, the intramedullary nail main nail is composed of an upper nail body 1 and a lower nail body 16, the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16 are both hollow structures and are connected by a connecting pin 12, a graduated hole 48 is arranged on the lower tube wall of the upper nail body 1, a sliding long groove 10 is axially arranged on the upper part of the lower nail body 16, the connecting pin 12 can slide up and down along the sliding long groove 10, the diameter of the upper nail body 1 is larger than the diameter of the lower nail body 16, an extension device is installed in the cavity formed between the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16, the extension device The long device includes an adjusting screw sleeve 13, a spring 27, and a spring base 50 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the static bone screw 8 and the lower nail body 16. The adjusting screw sleeve 13 is threadedly connected to the upper nail body 1, and a magnetic body 15 is arranged in the adjusting screw sleeve 13. The lower end of the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is tightly connected to the upper end of the spring 27, and the lower end of the spring 27 is tightly connected to the spring base 50. An annular groove is arranged on the lower side wall of the spring base 50, and a spring pin 49 is arranged on the upper side wall of the lower nail body 16. The lower nail body 16 is slidably connected through the spring pin 49 and the annular groove arranged on the side wall of the spring base 50.

[0040] In addition, the upper nail body 1 is provided with a dynamic screw hole 4 and a static screw hole 6, in which a dynamic bone screw 5 and a static bone screw 8 are installed respectively, and the dynamic bone screw can move up and down along the dynamic screw hole. The lower nail body 16 is provided with a fixing screw hole 14 and a fixing screw hole 2 11, in which a fixing bone screw 17 and a fixing bone screw 2 18 are installed respectively. A tail cap 2 is installed at the top of the upper nail body 1, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the upper nail body 1. An external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the tail cap 2, and the tail cap 2 is threadedly connected to the upper nail body 1. A spring 3 is installed in the accommodating cavity formed by the tail cap 2, the dynamic bone screw 5, and the inner wall of the upper nail body 1.

[0041] When in use, the intramedullary nail body of the present invention is first implanted into the medullary cavity of the extended bone, and then the fixed bone screw 17 and the fixed bone screw 2 18 are screwed into the fixed screw hole, and then the integrally connected adjusting screw sleeve 13, the magnetic body 15, the spring 27, the spring base 50, and the spring pin 49 are screwed in, and then the static bone screw 8 and the dynamic bone screw 5 are screwed in, and finally the spring 13 and the tail cap 2 are inserted, and the tail cap 2 is screwed down to apply a downward force to the spring 13, and then to the dynamic bone screw 5 and the proximal bone. The proximal bone reversely applies an upward reverse force to the dynamic bone screw 5, the spring 13, the tail cap 2, and the upper nail body 1. Due to the presence of the static bone screw 8, the upward and downward forces applied to the proximal bone are offset. Then, the bone is cut off at the extension position. After 7-10 days, the magnetic body 15 is rotated downward under the action of the external magnetic field, thereby driving the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the spring 2 7, the spring base 50, and the lower nail body 16 to move downward. The adjusting screw sleeve is rotated 1 circle every day, that is, it moves downward by about 1 mm. When the bone is extended to an appropriate length, the extension is stopped. The new bone callus of the extended bone is healed and mineralized to an appropriate time, and the static bone screw 8 is taken out. At this time, since the spring 1 3 applies a downward force to the dynamic bone screw 5 and the proximal bone, the proximal bone reversely applies an upward reverse force to the dynamic bone screw 5, the spring 1 3, the tail cap 2, and the upper nail body 1, and then the distal bone is given an upward force through the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the spring 2 7, the spring base 50, the spring pin 49, the lower nail body 16, the fixed bone screw 17, and the fixed bone screw 2 18, thereby giving appropriate stress stimulation to the new bone callus, stimulating the body tissue, avoiding stress shielding, and accelerating the mineralization and healing of the fracture.

[0042] Embodiment 2, as Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the connection mode between the tail cap 2 and the upper nail body 1: an annular groove 24 and a vertical guide groove 25 connected to the annular groove 24 are provided on the inner wall of the upper nail body 1, and a protrusion 23 is provided on the tail cap 2, and the protrusion 23 can rotate along the annular groove 24 and slide vertically along the vertical guide groove 25. When adjusting the tail cap 2, the protrusion 23 slides vertically along the vertical guide groove 25, and when sliding to the annular groove 24, the tail cap 2 is rotated to fix the tail cap 2 at the annular groove 24.

[0043] Embodiment three, as Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the connection method between the tail cap 2 and the upper nail body 1: in this embodiment, an expansion sleeve 21 is provided at the head of the tail cap 2, and the expansion sleeve 21 can be fixed to the inner wall of the upper nail body 1 by screwing in the tail cap 2.

[0044] Embodiment 4, as Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the spring 3 is replaced with an elastic balloon 19 , and an elastomeric base 9 is provided below the elastic balloon 19 .

[0045] Embodiment 5, as Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that an adjusting screw sleeve 13 and a spring 2 7 are arranged between the static bone screw 8 and the upper end of the lower nail body 16, a magnetic body 15 is arranged inside the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the magnetic body 15 is tightly connected to the adjusting screw sleeve 13, and the lower outer wall of the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is threadedly connected to the upper inner wall of the lower nail body 16. An auxiliary extension device is arranged on the lower nail body 16, and the auxiliary extension device includes an adjustment member arranged on the lower nail body 16, and the adjustment member includes an enlarged portion 27 and an adjustment body 26. The enlarged portion 27 and the adjustment body 26 can be integrated or separated. In this embodiment, an integrated structure is arranged, and the enlarged portion 27 is located in the hollow structure of the lower nail body 16. The other end of the adjustment body 26 passes through the adjustment hole 28 and a pulling device A is arranged. The adjustment hole 28 is arranged on the side wall of the lower nail body 16 and is arranged as an oblique hole. The adjusting body 26 is one of a cable, a rope, a metal rod, and a metal wire. In this embodiment, a cable is selected.

[0046] Embodiment six, as Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that no extension device is provided between the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16 , and only an auxiliary extension device is provided on the lower nail body 16 .

[0047] Embodiment seven, as Figure 7 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment six is ​​that an extension device is arranged between the upper nail body 1 and the lower nail body 16, and the extension device includes an adjusting screw sleeve 13, a spring 27, and a spring base 50 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the static bone screw 8 and the lower nail body 16, the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is threadedly connected to the upper nail body 1, a magnetic body 15 is fastened in the adjusting screw sleeve 13, the lower end of the adjusting screw sleeve 13 is fastened to the upper end of the spring 27, the lower end of the spring 27 is fastened to the spring base 50, an annular groove is arranged on the lower side wall of the spring base 50, a spring pin 49 is arranged on the upper side wall of the lower nail body 16, and the lower nail body 16 is slidably connected through the spring pin 49 and the annular groove arranged on the side wall of the spring base 50.

[0048] Embodiment eight, as Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that a second magnetic body 22 is provided in the tail cap 2, and the second magnetic body 22 can drive the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the upper nail body 1 under the action of an external magnetic field.

[0049] Embodiment 9, as Fig. 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the eighth embodiment lies in the position of the adjustment hole 28 . In this embodiment, the adjustment hole 28 is arranged on the top end of the lower nail body 16 .

[0050] Embodiment ten, as Fig.10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that a second magnetic body 22 is provided in the tail cap 2, and the second magnetic body 22 can drive the tail cap 2 to move up and down along the upper nail body under the action of an external magnetic field.

[0051] Embodiment eleven, as Fig.11 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the tenth embodiment is that a guide sleeve 20 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper nail body 1, and a through hole corresponding to the power screw hole 4 is provided on the guide sleeve 20, and a pressure regulating spring 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper nail body 1 and the tail cap 2, with one end of the spring abutting against the guide sleeve 20 and the other end abutting against the convex edge of the tail cap 2. The guide sleeve 20 can also be provided on the inner wall of the upper nail body 1.

[0052] In Embodiment 5, the structures of the pulling device A are shown in the following five embodiments:

[0053] Embodiment a, such as Fig.12 As shown, the pulling device includes a rotating wheel 30, a fixed top screw 34, a fixed shaft 29, a handle 33, and a cable top screw 31. The rotating wheel 30 is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with grooves, a cable top screw hole 32, an adjusting body hole, and a fixed top screw hole. The adjusting body hole and the cable top screw hole 32 are connected. A cable top screw 31 is installed in the cable top screw hole 32, and a fixed top screw 34 is installed in the fixed top screw hole. A fixed shaft hole is axially provided, and the fixed shaft 29 is penetrated through the fixed shaft hole and is slidably connected to the rotating wheel 30. The cable top screw 31 fixes one end of the adjusting body 26 to the rotating wheel 30. The handle 33 is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel 30 and is tightly connected to the rotating wheel 30. The fixed top screw 34 can fix the rotating wheel 30 on the fixed shaft 29, and the rotating wheel 30 can be rotated by loosening it. Loosen the fixing top screw 34 and rotate the handle 33 to drive the rotating wheel 30 to rotate, and then drive the adjusting body 26 to move distally, and then drive the lower nail body 16, the fixing bone screw 17, the fixing bone screw 2 18, and the distal bone segment to move distally to achieve bone lengthening. Tighten the fixing top screw 34 to fix the rotating wheel 30 on the fixing shaft 29 to stop bone lengthening.

[0054] Embodiment b, as Fig.13As shown, the pulling device includes a pulling rod 35, an adjusting nut 40, a fixing nut 38, and a base 39. The outer wall of the pulling rod 35 is provided with a thread, and one end of the pulling rod 35 is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole. A cable top screw hole 32 connected to the fixing hole is provided radially, and a cable top screw 2 37 is installed therein. The cable top screw 2 37 can fix one end of the adjusting body 26 in the fixing hole of the pulling rod 35. The adjusting nut 40 is threadedly connected to the pulling rod 35, and the fixing seat includes a base 39 and a pulling hole 1 36. The fixing nut 38, the base 39, and the adjusting nut 40 are sequentially mounted on the pulling rod 35; loosening the fixing nut 38 and screwing in the adjusting nut 40 can drive the pulling rod 35 to move distally, thereby driving the adjusting body 26, the lower nail body 16, the fixing bone screw 17, the fixing bone screw 2 18, and the distal bone segment to move distally to achieve bone lengthening.

[0055] Embodiment c, such as Fig.14 As shown, the pulling device includes a fixed seat 44, a fixed sleeve 45, an adjusting sleeve 42, and a fixed top screw 41. The fixed seat 44 includes a base 39 and a pulling hole 43. The fixed sleeve 45 is a hollow sleeve, including a tail portion and a sleeve portion. The side wall of the tail portion is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole, in which a fixed top screw 41 of a fixed adjusting body is installed. The outer wall of the fixed sleeve 45 is provided with a thread, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting sleeve 42. The fixed sleeve 45 abuts against the fixed seat 44, and one end of the adjusting body 26 is penetrated by the fixed sleeve 45 and the pulling hole 43.

[0056] Screwing in the adjusting sleeve 42 can drive the adjusting body 26, the lower nail body 16, the first fixing bone screw 17, the second fixing bone screw 18, and the distal bone segment to move distally, thereby achieving bone lengthening.

[0057] Embodiment d, as Fig.15As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment b is that a spring three 46 and a scale sleeve 47 are additionally provided, specifically as follows: the pulling device includes a pulling rod 35, an adjusting nut 40, a spring three 46, a scale sleeve 47, a fixing nut 38, and a fixing seat. The outer wall of the pulling rod 35 is provided with a thread, and an axial or radial fixing hole is provided at one end thereof. A cable top screw hole two connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, and a cable top screw two 37 is installed therein. The cable top screw two 37 can fix one end of the adjusting body 26 in the fixing hole of the pulling rod 35. The fixing nut 38 is threadedly connected to the pulling rod 35. The fixing seat includes a base 39 and a pulling hole one 36. The pulling rod 35 is sequentially covered with a fixing nut 38, a base 39, a scale sleeve 47, a spring three 46, and an adjusting nut 40. The adjusting nut 40 is provided with a threaded portion and a sleeve portion, and the sleeve portion of the adjusting nut 40 is sleeved on the outside of the scale sleeve 47. Loosening the fixing nut 38 and screwing in the adjusting nut 40 can give a proximal force to the spring three 46, the scale sleeve 47, and the base 39. Since the base 39 is fixed to the human body, an opposite distal force can be given to the spring three 46, the scale sleeve 47, and the adjusting nut 40, thereby driving the pulling rod 35, the adjusting body 26, the lower nail body 16, the fixing bone screw one 17, the fixing bone screw two 18, and the distal bone segment to move distally, thereby achieving bone lengthening.

[0058] Embodiment e, as Fig.16 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment c is that a spring 3 46 and a scale sleeve 47 are added, which are as follows: the pulling device includes a fixed seat 44, a fixed sleeve 45, an adjustment sleeve 42 with a scale, a fixed top screw 2 41, a spring 3 46, and a scale sleeve 47. The fixed seat 44 includes a base 39 and a pulling hole 2 43. The fixed sleeve 45 is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixed top screw hole 2, in which a The fixing top screw 2 41 of the fixing adjustment body 26 is fixed, the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 45 is provided with a thread, and is threadedly connected with the adjustment sleeve 42, the scale sleeve 47 abuts against the fixing seat 44, and the other end is slidably connected with the adjustment sleeve 42, and a spring 3 46 is installed in the scale sleeve 47, one end of the spring 3 46 abuts against the adjustment sleeve 42, and the other end abuts against the scale sleeve, and one end of the adjusting body 26 is penetrated through the fixing sleeve 45, the spring 3 46, the scale sleeve 47, and the pulling hole 2 43. Screwing into the adjustment sleeve 42 can give the spring 3 46, the scale sleeve 47, and the base 39 a force toward the proximal end. Because the fixing seat 44 is fixed to the human body, the spring 3 46, the scale sleeve 47, the adjustment sleeve 42, and the fixing sleeve 45 can give a reverse force toward the distal end, and the adjusting body 26, the lower nail body 16, the fixed bone screw 17, the fixed bone screw 2 18, and the distal bone segment move toward the distal end to achieve bone lengthening.

[0059] In the above embodiments, the main nail of the intramedullary nail is set to have a curvature that is suitable for human bones.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail, comprising an intramedullary nail main nail, characterized in that: The main nail of the intramedullary nail is composed of an upper nail body and a lower nail body. Both the upper nail body and the lower nail body are hollow structures and are connected by a connecting pin. A sliding long groove is axially arranged on the upper part of the lower nail body, and the connecting pin can slide up and down along the sliding long groove. The diameter of the upper nail body is larger than the diameter of the lower nail body. An extension device is installed between the inner wall of the upper nail body and the upper end of the lower nail body. The upper nail body is provided with a power screw hole and a static screw hole arranged up and down. A scale hole is arranged on the lower wall of the upper nail body, a fixing screw hole is arranged on the lower nail body, and a lower section of the lower nail body is provided with a An adjustment hole is provided, and the dynamic screw hole, static screw hole, and fixed screw hole are respectively installed with dynamic bone screws, static bone screws, and fixed bone screws. The dynamic bone screw can move up and down along the dynamic screw hole, and a tail cap is installed on the top of the upper nail body; an elastic body is provided between the tail cap and the dynamic bone screw, and the connecting pin can be set as a single pin or a double pin connection; an extension device is provided between the upper nail body and the lower nail body, and the extension device is one of the following methods: a. Elastic propulsion method: between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body From top to bottom, an adjusting screw sleeve, an elastic body 2, and a spring base are sequentially arranged with threaded connections between the inner wall of the upper nail body. A magnetic body 1 is fastened in the adjusting screw sleeve. The lower end of the adjusting screw sleeve is fastened with the upper end of the elastic body 2. The lower end of the elastic body 2 is fastened with the spring base. An annular groove is arranged on the lower side wall of the spring base. A spring pin is arranged on the upper side wall of the lower nail body. The lower nail body is slidably connected with the annular groove arranged on the side wall of the spring base through the spring pin. b. Screw rod advancing method: an adjusting screw sleeve and an elastic body 2 are arranged between the static bone screw and the upper end of the lower nail body. A magnetic body 1 is arranged inside the adjusting screw sleeve, the magnetic body 1 is tightly connected to the adjusting screw sleeve, and the outer wall of the lower part of the adjusting screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the lower nail body; c. Pulling and extending method: a pulling and extending device is arranged on the lower nail body, the pulling and extending device comprises an adjusting piece, an adjusting hole, and a pulling device arranged on the lower nail body, the adjusting piece comprises an enlarged part and a body part, the enlarged part and the body part can be integrated or separated, the enlarged part is located in the hollow structure of the lower nail body, and the other end of the adjusting piece passes through the adjusting hole and is tightly fixed to the pulling device; d. Combined extension method: The extension method is a combination of the elastic propulsion method in method a and the pulling extension method in method c, or a combination of the screw propulsion method in method b and the pulling extension method in method c.

2. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pulling device is one of the following: a. The pulling device includes a rotating wheel, a fixed top screw, a fixed shaft, and a handle. The rotating wheel is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with a groove, a cable top screw hole, and a fixed top screw hole. A cable top screw is installed in the cable top screw hole, and a fixed top screw is installed in the fixed top screw hole. A fixed shaft hole is axially arranged, and the fixed shaft is passed through the fixed shaft hole and is slidably connected to the rotating wheel. The cable top screw fixes one end of the adjusting body to the rotating wheel. The handle is located on the side wall of the rotating wheel and is tightly connected to the rotating wheel. The fixed top screw fixes the rotating wheel to the fixed shaft; b. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a fixing nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with a thread, and one end of the pulling rod is provided with an axial or A radial fixing hole, a cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is arranged radially or axially, and a cable top screw 2 is installed in the cable top screw 2, and the cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod, and the adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The pulling rod is sequentially covered with a fixing nut, a base, and an adjusting nut; c. The pulling device includes a fixing seat, a fixing sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, and a fixing top screw 2. The fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole. The fixing sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve. The side wall of the tail is provided with a radial fixing top screw hole, in which a fixing top screw 2 of the fixing adjusting body is installed, and the outer wall of the sleeve A thread is provided, which is threadedly connected with the adjusting sleeve, the fixing sleeve abuts against the fixing seat, and one end of the adjusting body is inserted into the fixing sleeve and the pulling hole 2; d. The pulling device includes a pulling rod, an adjusting nut, a spring 3, a scale sleeve, a fixing nut, and a base. The outer wall of the pulling rod is provided with a thread, and one end thereof is provided with an axial or radial fixing hole, and a cable top screw hole connected to the fixing hole is provided radially or axially, and a cable top screw 2 is installed in the cable top screw 2. The cable top screw 2 can fix one end of the adjusting body in the fixing hole of the pulling rod. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected with the pulling rod, and the fixing seat includes a base and a pulling hole 1. The fixing nut, the base, the scale sleeve, the spring 3, and the adjusting nut are sequentially mounted on the pulling rod. The adjusting nut is provided with a threaded portion and a sleeve portion, and the sleeve portion of the adjusting nut is sleeved on the outside of the scale sleeve; e. The pulling device includes a fixed seat, a fixed sleeve, an adjusting sleeve with a scale, a fixed top screw 2, a spring 3, and a scale sleeve. The fixed seat includes a base and two pulling holes. The fixed sleeve is a hollow sleeve, including a tail and a sleeve portion. A radial fixed top screw hole is provided on the side wall of the tail, in which a fixed top screw 2 for fixing an adjusting body is installed. A thread is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve portion, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting sleeve. The scale sleeve abuts against the fixed seat and is slidably connected to the adjusting sleeve. A spring 3 is installed in the scale sleeve, one end of which is lower than the adjusting sleeve, and one end of the adjusting body is passed through the fixed sleeve and the pulling hole 2.

3. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connection between the tail cap and the upper nail body is one of the following ways: a. An internal thread is provided on the inner side of the upper nail body, and an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the tail cap, and the tail cap is threadedly connected to the upper nail body; b. An annular groove and a vertical guide groove connected to the annular groove are provided along the inner side of the upper nail body, and a protrusion is provided at the head end of the tail cap, and the protrusion can slide along the annular groove and the vertical guide groove; c. An expansion sleeve threadedly connected to the tail cap is provided at the head of the tail cap.

4. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elastomer one and the elastomer two are respectively the pressure-regulating elastomer one and the pressure-regulating elastomer two, or the elastic balloon one and the elastic balloon two. When the elastomer one is the elastomer one, the installation form of the elastomer one is one of the following installation forms: a. The pressure-regulating elastomer one is installed in the accommodating cavity formed by the inner wall of the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw and the upper nail body; b. A guide sleeve is provided on the outer side of the upper nail body, and a through hole corresponding to the dynamic screw hole is provided on the guide sleeve. The pressure-regulating elastomer one is sleeved on the outer side of the upper nail body and the tail cap, one end of which abuts against the guide sleeve, and the other end abuts under the convex eaves of the tail cap; the elastic balloon is located in the accommodating cavity formed by the inner wall of the tail cap, the dynamic bone screw and the upper nail body, and a balloon base is provided below the elastic balloon.

5. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A second magnetic body is arranged inside the tail cap, which can drive the tail cap to move up and down along the upper nail body under the action of an external magnetic field.

6. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The adjustment hole is arranged in the top end or the side wall of the intramedullary nail body and is arranged as an oblique hole or a transverse hole.

7. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting member is one of a cable, a rope, a metal rod and a metal wire.

8. The novel bone lengthening intramedullary nail according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The main nail of the intramedullary nail is set to a curvature suitable for human bones.

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