A sand spreading device for studying sediment initiation in model tests

Abstract

The present application discloses a sand spreading device for model test sediment priming research, comprising: a sand loading trough for accommodating model sand, an observation plate connected to the top of the sand loading trough, a partition embedded in the middle of the sand loading trough, a glass plate covering the top of the sand loading trough, and a circular water filtering sponge ring surrounding the sand loading trough. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used to conduct sediment priming experiments on model sands of different properties, ensure the clarity of the sand spreading morphology and observation after priming, so that the test can be carried out smoothly, and the sediment priming flow rate results are more accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water conservancy experiments, and in particular to a sand spreading device used for sediment initiation research in model experiments. Background Art

[0002] In the field of water conservancy research, sediment flume physical model test is a common research method. Sediment flume model test analyzes water flow and sediment movement, and according to river dynamics theory, simulates the scouring and silting conditions near hydraulic structures in natural rivers in the laboratory, providing technical reference for the planning, design, and evaluation of actual projects.

[0003] The study of sediment scouring and silting in the experiment involves the selection of model sand. Since there are certain differences in the color and material of different model sands, the mastery of the properties of model sand is directly related to the accuracy of the model test. Among them, the starting flow velocity of model sand is the main factor in the selection of model sand in the experiment, so the determination of the starting flow velocity of model sand is the basic condition of hydraulic experiment. However, since the study of the starting flow velocity of sediment requires observing the movement of sediment at the bottom of the water, and quickly and accurately determining the starting flow velocity of the test sediment during the change of flow velocity, there are high requirements for the bottom sand spreading conditions, and conventional sand spreading methods cannot meet the test requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a sand-spreading device for use in model test sediment initiation research, so as to solve the problem that the conventional sand-spreading method in the related art cannot meet the requirements for model sand laying in sediment initiation research experiments, achieve the stability of bottom sand spreading, and at the same time facilitate the observation and determination of sediment initiation flow velocity.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present application, a sand-spreading device for studying the initiation of sediment in model tests is provided, which is characterized in that it includes: a sand-filling trough for accommodating model sand, an observation plate connected to the top of the sand-filling trough, a partition embedded in the middle of the sand-filling trough, a glass plate covering the top of the sand-filling trough, a circular water-filtering sponge ring surrounding the sand-filling trough, a sand-feeding funnel for injecting sand into the sand-filling trough, and a sand-scraping plate for scraping the sand in the sand-filling trough flat.

[0006] Furthermore, slide grooves are provided in the middle positions of both sides of the sand loading trough, and the partitions are embedded in the slide grooves to divide the sand loading trough into two parts.

[0007] Furthermore, the observation plate is of a concave structure and is fixedly connected to the sand trough by bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, the observation plate is composed of two colors, black and white, and is connected to the two parts.

[0009] Furthermore, the glass plate is provided with a handle.

[0010] Furthermore, the water filtering sponge ring has a loop-shaped structure.

[0011] Furthermore, a counterweight pressing piece may be included, wherein the counterweight pressing piece is pressed on the top of the glass plate and the water filtering sponge ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the counterweight pressing member is composed of one or more steel plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the sand delivery funnel is provided with an adjustable valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the sand feeding funnel regulating valve adjusts the sand filling flow rate through the cooperation between the knob and the circular paddle.

[0015] Furthermore, a hand-held handle is provided on the top of the sand scraper, and a sand scraper with a sharp edge is provided on the bottom.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the current sand spreading method of the present application is too rough, not only the flatness and uniformity are difficult to guarantee, but also underwater sand spreading is required in the sediment start-up research experiment, resulting in the floating of sediment due to uniformity, insufficient flatness making it difficult to observe the sand wave state after the sediment starts, and the different shades of model sand making it difficult to observe the strength of its movement. These problems increase the complexity of operation and the inaccuracy of the test results during the sediment start-up test. The present invention is simple and convenient to install, and the sand spreading uniformity is achieved by loading sand through an adjustable sand feeding funnel, and the sand scraping plate is used in conjunction to achieve the sand spreading flatness. The glass plate and the water filtering sponge ring protect the integrity of the underwater sand spreading plane before the test begins, and finally facilitate the observation of the formation of sand waves when the sediment starts. Various sediments can be put into the two parts of the sand loading trough for simultaneous testing and comparison for easy observation. When the sediment starts, the density of the sand particles rolling through the black and white observation plate corresponds to the sediment start-up state, and the actual test results are accurate and reliable. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used to conduct sediment mobilization experiments on model sands of different properties, ensuring the clarity of the sand spreading morphology and observation after mobilization, so that the experiment can proceed smoothly and the sediment mobilization flow rate results are more accurate and reliable.

[0018] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0020] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a sand spreading device used for studying sediment initiation in model tests according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a glass plate according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a steel plate according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a sand feeding funnel according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a sand scraper according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] The reference numerals in the figure are: sand loading trough 1, chute 2, partition 3, observation plate 4, bolt 5, sand feeding funnel 6, regulating valve 7, knob 8, round paddle 9, sand scraping plate 10, hand handle 11, sand scraper 12, glass plate 13, handle 14, water filter sponge ring 15, steel plate 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0027] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0028] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sand spreading device for studying the mobilization of sediment in a model test according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1As shown, it includes: a sand trough 1 for accommodating model sand, an observation plate 4 connected to the top of the sand trough 1, a partition 3 embedded in the middle of the sand trough 1, a glass plate 13 covering the top of the sand trough 1, a circular water filtering sponge ring 15 surrounding the sand trough 1, a sand feeding funnel for injecting sand into the sand trough, and a sand scraping plate for scraping the sand in the sand trough flat. Through the use of the glass plate and the water filtering sponge ring, the integrity of the underwater sand-laying plane is protected under the pressure of the steel plate before the test begins, which is convenient for observing the formation of sand waves caused by sediment. The partition embedded in the sand trough allows multiple sediments to be placed in the two parts of the sand trough, and the test is carried out at the same time to form a comparison for easy observation. When the sediment is started, the rolling sand density on the black and white observation board corresponds to the sediment start state, so that the observation is more intuitive and the conclusion is more accurate.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, a chute 2 is provided in the middle of both sides of the sand trough 1, and the partition 3 is embedded in the chute 2 to divide the sand trough 1 into two parts. The combination of the sand trough 1 and the partition 3 divides the sand loading area into two parts, and two types of model sand can be loaded for testing at the same time.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the observation plate 4 is a concave structure and is fixedly connected to the sand trough 1 by bolts 5 .

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the observation board 4 is composed of black and white colors and is connected to the two parts, so as to form a color contrast between the light and dark model sands and more effectively observe the starting status.

[0032] In the present application embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the glass plate 13 is provided with a handle 14. In this example, there are two handles 14, which facilitate horizontal sliding underwater to pick up the glass plate and reduce the impact on the flatness of the sand-covered surface.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the glass plate 13 covers the top of the sand trough 1, and the water filtering sponge ring 15 is in a U-shaped structure. The water filtering sponge ring 15 is placed around it to weaken the water force and protect the sand-laying surface, so that the model sand as a whole will not be disturbed by the water flow when the trough is filled with water.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, a counterweight pressing piece may also be included, and the counterweight pressing piece is pressed on the top of the glass plate and the water filter sponge ring. Further, the counterweight pressing piece is composed of one or more steel plates 16, such as Figure 3 As shown, the steel plate 16 is pressed on the top of the glass plate 13 and the water filtering sponge ring 15 to ensure that the glass plate 13 and the water filtering sponge ring 15 will not float when protecting the sand-covered surface at the bottom of the water.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, a sand feeding funnel 6 is also included. Figure 4As shown, further, the sand feeding funnel 6 is provided with an adjustable valve 7. The regulating valve 7 of the sand feeding funnel 6 adjusts the sand filling flow rate through the cooperation of the knob 8 and the circular paddle 9, so as to be suitable for the spreading of model sands of different densities, and further ensure the uniformity of the spread of sand.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, a sand scraping plate 10 is also included. Figure 5 As shown, further, the sand scraper 10 is provided with a hand-held handle 11 at the top and a sand scraper 12 with a sharp edge at the bottom to ensure the uniformity of sand spreading and the flatness of the surface.

[0037] During operation, first, insert the partition 3 into the chute 2 of the sand trough 1, fix the observation plate 4 on the top of the sand trough 1 through four hexagonal bolts 5, and place the concave sand trough 1 at the bottom of the test water tank, so that the concave sand trough 1 is flush with the water tank floor. According to the density of the submerged model sand in the test, adjust and fix the regulating valve 7 of the sand feeding funnel 6. The regulating valve 7 cooperates with the knob 8 and the circular paddle 9 to adjust the sand flow rate. The sand of different densities or different types is respectively loaded into the two sides of the sand trough 1 through the sand feeding funnel 6, and the sand scraping plate 10 is used to trim the sand surface. After the sand trough 1 is full, cover the glass plate 13 on the top of the sand surface of the sand trough 1, and take a steel plate 16 and press it in the middle of the glass plate 13. Then put the water filtering sponge ring 15 around the sand trough 1 and the glass plate 13, and take 4 steel plates 16 and press them in the middle of the four sides of the sponge ring. After the operation is completed, water can be released normally to carry out the sediment start-up test. After the water surface stabilizes, the pressed steel plate 16 and the water filtering sponge ring 15 are removed in turn, the glass plate 13 is horizontally slid to the tail of the sand tank 1 and taken out, and the underwater movement of sediment is observed through the black and white edges of the observation plate 4.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0039] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research, characterized in that: include: A sand trough for accommodating model sand, an observation plate connected to the top of the sand trough, a partition plate embedded in the middle of the sand trough, a glass plate covering the top of the sand trough, a circular water filtering sponge ring surrounding the sand trough, a sand feeding funnel for injecting sand into the sand trough, and a sand scraping plate for scraping the sand in the sand trough flat; Wherein, slide grooves are provided in the middle of both sides of the sand loading trough, and the partitions are embedded in the slide grooves to divide the sand loading trough into two parts; Wherein, the observation plate is a concave structure and is fixedly connected to the sand trough by bolts.

2. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation plate is composed of black and white colors and is connected to the two parts.

3. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass plate is provided with a handle.

4. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water filtering sponge ring is in a loop-shaped structure.

5. The sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a counterweight pressing piece, which is pressed on the top of the glass plate and the water filtering sponge ring.

6. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 5, characterized in that: The counterweight pressing part is composed of one or more steel plates.

7. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand feeding funnel is provided with an adjustable valve.

8. A sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sand feeding funnel regulating valve adjusts the sand loading flow rate through the cooperation between the knob and the circular paddle.

9. The sand spreading device for model test sediment initiation research according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sand scraping board is provided with a hand-held handle, and the bottom is provided with a sand scraping knife with a sharp edge.

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