An elevator stopping device and an elevator including the same

Abstract

The elevator stopping device disclosed by the present invention includes a bottom plate assembly, a column assembly, an anti-fall locking assembly, and a status detection switch. The column assembly is flipped relative to the bottom plate assembly. When the column is flipped to the upright state, the anti-fall locking assembly locks the column in the upright state. When the column is in the lying state, the locking hook is in the free state. The status monitoring switch monitors the status of the column and is connected to the elevator control system. The present invention also discloses an elevator including the above elevator stopping device. When the elevator is in use, the column is in the horizontal state. When the elevator is under maintenance, the column is in the vertical state to limit the descending height of the car to ensure the safety of the operators in the pit. Or when the elevator is in use, the column is in the vertical state. When the top space is under maintenance, the column is in the horizontal state to increase the descending depth of the counterweight, so that the car can increase a rising height in the top space, facilitating the maintenance of the top space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of elevators, and particularly to an elevator stopping device that can greatly reduce the depth of the elevator pit or facilitate the maintenance of the top space of the elevator, and an elevator including this device. Background Art

[0002] Current conventional elevators require a certain amount of building space. In addition to the hoistway for the elevator to move up and down, there are also machine rooms and pits. Generally speaking, in order to meet the requirements of relevant standards for the elevator pit space, the pit must have a certain depth, which increases the construction volume and engineering costs.

[0003] For some elevator installations, it is usually necessary to build an additional hoistway. If there are underground pipelines within a certain depth below the excavation range of the pit, when the pit depth is too deep, it is necessary to relocate the underground pipelines or take other equivalent measures, further increasing the construction volume, prolonging the construction period, and further increasing the engineering costs. And if it is not suitable to dig deep below the hoistway, it will also lead to the inability to install an elevator.

[0004] Therefore, how to efficiently utilize the building space, especially how to reduce the excavation depth of the pit for elevator installations, reduce the relocation of underground pipelines, and reduce the impact on the original building foundation, is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

[0005] In addition, for machine - room - less elevators, the height of the top space is higher than that of conventional elevators, and a large number of elevator components such as traction machines and speed limiters are installed in the top space, making maintenance inconvenient and with a large workload. For the maintenance of the elevator top space, the car is run to an appropriate position at the top and fixed, and then maintenance is carried out on the elevator components in the top space standing on the car top. When the top height of the elevator is relatively high, even if the relevant car - running limits and extremes are bypassed by electrical means, since the counterweight of the elevator will touch the buffer in the pit, the elevator cannot be lifted and continue to move upward, making it quite difficult to maintain the elevator components in the top space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elevator stopping device necessary for a shallow - pit elevator in view of the above problems caused by the need for a relatively deep pit in existing elevators. It is installed under the car in the pit, can be turned over and laid flat during normal elevator operation, and can be erected during elevator maintenance operations. While meeting the requirements of relevant elevator regulations and standards, it greatly reduces the depth of the elevator pit, reduces the excavation volume of the elevator pit and the impact on underground pipelines and building foundations, with significant economic benefits.

[0007] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elevator stopping device installed below the counterweight in the pit, which can adjust the depth of the counterweight descent of the elevator and the position of the car in the top space of the elevator to facilitate the maintenance of the elevator components in the top space of the elevator when the top floor of the elevator is high.

[0008] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elevator including the above-mentioned elevator stopping device.

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] An elevator stopping device mainly comprises: a base plate assembly, a column assembly, an anti-reverse locking assembly and a status detection switch.

[0011] The bottom plate of the bottom plate assembly is used to install and fix the entire stop device into the pit, including but not limited to bolt fixation, anchor fixation, and welding fixation; it also serves as the assembly and fixation basis for the main components of the stop device;

[0012] The columns in the column assembly are hinged on the base plate assembly and can be flipped relative to the base plate in the base plate assembly; the columns mainly have an upright state and a flat state; a buffer is installed on the top of the column, and the buffer includes but is not limited to a spring type, a rubber type, a polyester type, and a hydraulic type;

[0013] The anti-fall locking assembly includes a locking hook hinged on the column. When the locking hook enters the locked state, the locking hook is inserted into the lock hole in the support frame to lock the column, ensuring that the column stands upright and does not fall. The locking hook, the weight and the support frame are used to form the assembly.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the locking hook is mounted on the column and its position is adjustable, and the support frame is mounted on the bottom plate, and the support frame has a locking opening. A weight block is slidably arranged on the column, and after the column is in a vertical state, the weight block slides down along the guide groove in the column and touches the locking hook to drive the locking hook into a locked state. The position of the locking hook on the column is adjustable so that the position can be adjusted so that the locking hook does not touch the support frame when the column is flipped, and when the column is upright in place, the end of the locking hook can be accurately inserted into the locking opening of the support frame. Unlocking between the locking hook and the support frame is achieved by manually toggling the locking hook.

[0015] The status monitoring switch is realized by an electrical switch and a switch contact plate. In a preferred embodiment, the switch contact plate is connected to the column through a shaft. During the flipping process of the column, the switch contact plate and the shaft rotate synchronously with the column. On the working surface of the outer edge of the switch contact plate, there are multiple arc-shaped surfaces for triggering the action and reset of the electrical switch. At least one electrical switch is triggered by the switch contact plate, and all the electrical switches are connected to the elevator control system. The electrical switches include photoelectric switches, microswitches and limit switches.

[0016] The switch contact plate with a reasonably designed outer working surface has the function of preventing the electrical switch from malfunctioning. That is, when the electrical switch operates, the switch contact is continuously pressed by the convex arc surface of the outer working surface and cannot extend back to its original position, so the electrical switch cannot be reset. When the electrical switch is reset, after the switch contact extends back to its original position, it still remains in contact with the outer working surface, and foreign objects cannot enter, avoiding the possibility of being disturbed by foreign objects and malfunctioning.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is also a bracket for installing the electrical switch. The electrical switch is installed on the bracket, and the bracket passes through the shaft and is fixed on the bottom plate. The bracket also functions as a protective cover to prevent the electrical switch from being damaged by being stepped on or collided.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are two electrical switches, which are distributed on both sides of the switch contact plate and installed on the bracket; the number and sequence of the arc-shaped surfaces on the working surface of the switch contact plate for triggering the action or reset of the electrical switch are set according to the requirements for the state of the electrical switch in each state of the column, so that the electrical switch can accurately monitor the state of the column.

[0019] An elevator of the present invention includes the elevator stopping device described above. The elevator stopping device is installed under the car in the pit of the elevator. When the elevator is in use, the column is in a horizontal state; when the elevator is under maintenance, the column is in a vertical state to limit the descending height of the car of the elevator, so as to ensure the safety of the personnel working in the pit.

[0020] An elevator of the present invention includes the elevator stopping device described above. The elevator stopping device is installed under the counterweight in the pit of the elevator. When the elevator is in use, the column is in a vertical state. When maintaining the elevator components in the top space of the elevator, the column is in a horizontal state to increase the descending depth of the counterweight of the elevator, so that the car of the elevator can increase an ascending height in the top space of the elevator, facilitating the maintenance of the elevator components in the top space of the elevator.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. It meets the relevant elevator regulations, significantly reduces the depth of the elevator pit, reduces the amount of pit excavation, and reduces the impact on underground pipelines and building foundations, resulting in remarkable economic benefits. 2. It has a real-time monitoring function for the state of the upright columns to achieve automated electrical control. 3. When the upright columns are erected, they can achieve self-locking in the upright state, with an anti-fooling effect, and there is no risk of the control system receiving incorrect signals due to tipping caused by forgetting the operation steps. Moreover, the switch touch plate in the present invention has the function of preventing the electrical switch from malfunctioning. 4. When the present invention is installed under the car in the pit, it provides two levels of safety protection for the elevator pit space. First, electrical safety protection. After the stop device is erected, the monitoring signal of the electrical switch is fed back to the elevator control system, and the normal operation of the elevator is stopped in the elevator control system, and the lowest position of the car during manual operation by professionals is restricted. Second, mechanical safety protection. When the electrical safety protection system fails, the car continuing to descend will be stopped by the stop device of the present invention to ensure the safety of the pit space. 5. When the elevator stop device of the present invention is installed under the counterweight in the pit, when the upright column of the stop device is in a lying state, the counterweight can continue to descend, and the car can continue to ascend, which can solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance when the elevator top is relatively high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the upright column of the elevator stop device of the present invention being turned to the vertical state.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the upright column of the elevator stop device of the present invention being turned to the horizontal state.

[0024] Figures 3a to 3c It is a schematic diagram of the movement relationship among the weight, the locking hook, and the locking holes of the support frame during the process of the upright column of the elevator stop device of the present invention being turned from the horizontal state to the vertical state.

[0025] Figures 4a to 4c It is a schematic diagram of the movement relationship between the switch touch plate and the two electrical switches during the process of the upright column of the elevator stop device of the present invention being turned from the horizontal state to the vertical state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the detailed description of the embodiments.

[0027] The following embodiments are mainly for shallow-pit elevators.

[0028] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a stop device for a shallow-pit elevator shown in the figure, includes a bottom plate assembly, and the bottom plate assembly includes a bottom plate 10 and a support frame 20. The bottom plate 10 can install the stop device on the ground of the pit (not shown in the figure) by means of anchor bolts, bolts, or welding.

[0029] A support frame 20 is fixed on the bottom plate 10. The support frame 20, together with the locking hook 50 and the weight 60, constitutes an anti - toppling locking assembly. A locking hole 21 is provided on the support frame 20. The function of the support frame 20 is to support the upright column and hold the end of the locking hook, and it can also be replaced by other structures that can make the locking hook 50 engage to achieve locking.

[0030] The bottom of the upright column 30 is hinged on the bottom plate 10 through a shaft 32. In this way, the upright column 30 can be flipped relative to the bottom plate 10 to achieve the upright and laid - flat states of the upright column 30. The shaft 32 rotates synchronously with the upright column 30. A buffer 40 is installed at the top of the upright column 30. The buffer 40 can be spring - type, rubber - type, polyester - type, hydraulic - type, etc.

[0031] The locking hook 50 and the weight 60 are arranged on the upright column 30, which can be inside the upright column 30 or outside the upright column 30, depending on the needs.

[0032] The locking hook 50 is installed on the upright column 30 through an oblong hole 33a, and the installation position is adjustable to accurately hook the locking hole 21 on the support frame 20 on the bottom plate 10. In the non - locked state, the locking hook 50 can rotate freely. When the upright column 30 turns to the upright state, the weight 60 slides along the guide groove 33b on the upright column 30 towards the locking hook 50 and touches the locking hook 50, forcing the locking hook 50 to rotate so that the end of the locking hook 50 is inserted into the locking hole 21 of the support frame 20, thus locking the upright column 30 in the upright state.

[0033] The weight 60 is installed on the upright column 30, which can be inside the upright column 30 or outside the upright column 30. The installation position of the weight 60 is above the locking hook 50 so that the weight 60 can accurately touch the locking hook 50 when it slides. A guide groove 33b for the weight 60 to slide is also provided on the upright column 30. Through reasonable design of the guide groove 33b, when the upright column 30 lies flat, the weight 60 slides along the guide groove 33b to one end away from the locking hook 50 under the action of gravity; when the upright column 30 is flipped to the upright state, the weight 60 slides along the guide groove 33b towards the locking hook 50 under the action of gravity and touches the locking hook 50 to make it rotate.

[0034] At least one electrical switch is installed on the bottom plate 10 through a bracket 70. The bracket 70 also functions as a protective cover to protect the electrical switch from being trampled or damaged by impact. After the shaft 32 passes through the bracket 70, at least one switch contact plate 80 is provided at the end. The switch contact plate 80 rotates synchronously with the upright column 30 through the shaft 32.

[0035] The working surface of the outer edge of the switch contact plate 80 is a multi-segment concave-convex arc surface reasonably designed according to the requirements of the action and reset of the electrical switch during the rotation of the column 30. During the flipping process of the column 30, the contact of the electrical switch always contacts the working surface of the outer edge of the switch contact plate 80. When the contact encounters the concave arc surface on the working surface of the outer edge of the switch contact plate 80, it extends back to reset the electrical switch. When it encounters the convex arc surface on the working surface of the outer edge of the switch contact plate 80, the contact is compressed and shrunk, causing the electrical switch to act. One switch contact plate 80 can correspond to at least one electrical switch. At least one switch contact plate can be installed on the shaft 32.

[0036] The switch contact plate 80 with a reasonably designed outer working surface has the function of preventing the electrical switch from malfunctioning. That is, when the electrical switch acts, the switch contact is continuously pressed by the convex arc surface of the outer working surface and cannot extend back to reset, so the electrical switch cannot be reset. When the electrical switch is reset, after the switch contact extends back to reset, it still remains in contact with the outer working surface, and foreign objects cannot enter, avoiding the possibility of being interfered by foreign objects and acting.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one switch contact plate 80 and two electrical switches 91 and 92 are provided. The two electrical switches 91 and 92 are respectively located on both sides of the switch contact plate 80 and are installed on the bracket 70. During the flipping process of the column 30, the two electrical switches 91 and 92 are triggered or reset by the same switch contact plate 80.

[0038] As Figure 3a shown, when the column 30 of the present invention is in a lying state, under the action of gravity, the weight 60 slides along the guide groove 33b to the end far from the locking hook 50, and the locking hook 50 is in a free state.

[0039] As Figure 3b shown, when the column 30 is slowly erected, the weight 60 is about to slide off under the action of gravity. At this time, the weight 60 does not act on the locking hook 50 yet, and the locking hook 50 is still in a free state, avoiding the end of the locking hook 50 hitting the support frame 20 on the bottom plate 10 during the flipping process of the column 30.

[0040] As Figure 3c shown, when the column 30 is completely erected vertically, the weight 60 slides along the guide groove 33b and touches the locking hook 50, driving the locking hook 50 to rotate, so that the end of the locking hook 50 is inserted into the locking hole 21 on the support frame 20 and hooks the support frame 20, thereby preventing the column 30 from flipping back. At the same time, because the column 30 is blocked by the support frame 20 after turning to the vertical state and cannot continue to rotate forward, the column 30 is locked in the vertical state and will not fall. If unlocking is required, the weight 60 and the locking hook 50 need to be manually toggled to disengage the locking hook 50 from the locking hole 21 to unlock.

[0041] AsFigure 4a As shown, in a preferred embodiment, when the column 30 of the present invention is in a lying state, through the reasonably designed outer working surface of the switch contact plate 80, both electrical switches 91 and 92 are in the reset state. The lying state is the reset state of the stop device of the shallow pit elevator of the present invention and is a non-working state. In this state, the monitoring signals of the electrical switches 91 and 92 are transmitted to the elevator control system as a necessary condition for elevator reset.

[0042] As Figure 4b shown, in a preferred embodiment, when the column 30 slowly stands up, the switch contact plate 80 rotates with the column 30, and the arc surface 81a on the switch contact plate 80 that forces the electrical switch to act will trigger the electrical switch 92 to act. At this time, the arc surface 82a on the switch contact plate 80 corresponding to the reset of the other electrical switch still makes the electrical switch 91 in the reset state.

[0043] As Figure 4c shown, when the column 30 stands upright completely, the switch contact plate 80 rotates with the column 30, and the arc surface 81b on the switch contact plate 80 that forces the electrical switch to trigger will trigger the electrical switch 91 to act. At this time, the arc surface 82d on the switch contact plate 80 corresponding to the reset of the other electrical switch makes the electrical switch in the reset state. The upright state is the operating state of the stop device of the shallow pit elevator of the present invention and is a working state. In this state, the column position monitoring signal output by the electrical switch is transmitted to the elevator control system, which will abort the normal operation of the elevator and limit the lowest point of the car when a professional manually operates the elevator to run downward to ensure that there is enough safe space in the pit.

[0044] This device provides two levels of safety protection for the elevator pit space. First: Electrical safety protection. After the stop device stands up, the monitoring signal of the electrical switch is fed back to the elevator control system. The elevator control system aborts the normal operation of the elevator and limits the lowest position of the car when a professional manually operates it. Second: Mechanical safety protection. When the electrical safety protection fails, the car that continues to descend will be stopped by the stop device of the present invention to ensure the safety of the pit space.

[0045] In addition, the above embodiments can also be used to solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance when the top of the elevator is relatively high. When the embodiment of the present invention is installed below the counterweight of the elevator to solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance when the top of the elevator is relatively high, the specific implementation method is as follows: when the elevator is running normally, the column 30 of the elevator stopping device installed below the counterweight is in a vertical state, and the vertical state signal of the column 30 detected by the electrical switch output is transmitted to the elevator control system as one of the necessary conditions for the normal operation of the elevator; when it is necessary to maintain the top space of the elevator, the column 30 of the elevator stopping device below the counterweight is changed from a vertical state to a horizontal state, and the counterweight can descend to a lower position than usual, and at the same time, the car can also ascend to a higher position. According to actual needs, the length of the column of the elevator stopping device is reasonably calculated, and the car can ascend to the required height position during the maintenance state, which greatly facilitates the maintenance work of the top space.

Claims

1. An elevator stopping device, characterized in that: include: Base plate assembly, column assembly, anti-reverse locking assembly and status detection switch; The base plate assembly serves as the installation base for the main components of the stop device and is also the fixed end of the stop device when it is installed in the elevator pit; The column assembly includes a column and a buffer, the column is hinged to the bottom plate of the bottom plate assembly and can be flipped relative to the bottom plate of the bottom plate assembly; the column has at least an upright state and a horizontal state; a buffer is installed on the top of the column; The anti-fall locking assembly is composed of a lock hook, a weight block and a supporting frame; the supporting frame is fixed to the bottom plate; the lock hook is hinged on the column; the weight block is slidably arranged on the column; when the column is flipped to the upright state, the weight block falls under the action of gravity and touches the lock hook, driving the lock hook to rotate and insert into the supporting frame, locking the column to the supporting frame in the upright state; the unlocking between the lock hook and the supporting frame is achieved by manually toggling the lock hook; when the column is in a lying state, the weight block slides to the end away from the lock hook under the action of gravity, and the lock hook is in a free state; The state monitoring switch is implemented by at least one electrical switch and a switch contact plate. The switch contact plate is mounted on the column and rotates with the turning of the column. An arc surface for forcing the electrical switch to operate and an arc surface for automatically resetting the electrical switch are provided on the outer edge working surface of the switch contact plate. The electrical switch is triggered and reset by the switch contact plate. The electrical switches are connected to the elevator control system. A lock hole is provided on the support frame, and when the lock hook enters a locked state, it cooperates with the lock hole on the support frame to lock the column on the support frame in a vertical state; The bottom of the column is mounted on the bottom plate via a shaft bracket and a shaft hinge. When the column flips, the shaft rotates synchronously with the flipping of the column. The switch touch plate is fixed to one end of the shaft. The switch touch plate also rotates synchronously with the column when the column flips. The locking hook is mounted on the column through an oblong hole to ensure that the position of the locking hook is adjustable; A guide groove is provided on the column, and the weight block is slidably installed in the guide groove so that the weight block slides along a set trajectory; The guide groove is rationally designed so that when the column is lying flat, the weight block can slide along the guide groove to the end away from the locking hook and stay there by relying solely on its own gravity without any external force; when the column is slowly erected, the weight block will still not slide down, and only when the column is fully upright will the weight block slide along the guide groove to the end with the locking hook and touch the locking hook, driving the locking hook to rotate into a locked state.

2. An elevator stopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes at least one bracket for mounting the electrical switch, which is fixed to the base plate and passed through by the shaft. The bracket also serves as a protective cover to prevent the electrical switch from being damaged by being stepped on or impacted.

3. An elevator stopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is one or more electrical switches. When two electrical switches are used, the two electrical switches are respectively installed on the bracket and located on both sides of the switch touch plate; the outer edge working surface of the switch touch plate is reasonably designed with multiple arc-shaped surfaces that trigger the action and reset of the electrical switch. The corresponding electrical switch can be triggered according to the state requirements of the electrical switch in various states of the column, thereby ensuring that the electrical switch accurately monitors the state of the column.

4. An elevator stopping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock hook is hinged on the column and its position is adjustable, which makes it easy to adjust the lock hook so that it can be accurately inserted into the lock hole.

5. An elevator, comprising the elevator stopping device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elevator stopping device is installed below the car in the pit of the elevator, and when the elevator is in use, the column is in a horizontal state; when the elevator is being repaired, the column is in a vertical state, limiting the descending height of the elevator car to ensure the safety of workers in the pit.

6. An elevator, comprising the elevator stopping device according to claim 4, wherein the elevator stopping device is installed below the counterweight in the bottom pit of the elevator, and when the elevator is in use, the column is in a vertical state. When the elevator components in the top space of the elevator are inspected and maintained, the column is in a horizontal state to increase the depth of the counterweight descent of the elevator, thereby increasing the rising height of the elevator car in the top space of the elevator to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the elevator components in the top space of the elevator.

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