A percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor

Abstract

The invention discloses a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor, comprising a guide needle, and also comprising an expansion sleeve, whose inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the guide needle; an outer sleeve, whose inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve; a bone extraction tube, whose outer diameter is less than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, and a plurality of first saw teeth are provided on the end surface of one end of the bone extraction tube, wherein the first saw teeth are oblique teeth, and the opposite sides of the first saw teeth respectively have a blade and a back of the blade, the length of the blade is greater than the length of the back of the blade, and the thickness of the outer end of the blade is greater than the thickness of the inner end of the blade. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor provided by the invention causes a small skin incision, realizes minimally invasive surgery, is simple to operate, and greatly improves the efficiency of bone extraction, is conducive to reducing the damage to the patient caused by the surgery, and reduces the risk of further damage to the patient caused by breaking the tail end of the ilium, and alleviates the iatrogenic injury of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor. Background Art

[0002] Autologous bone transplantation is the gold standard for bone fusion. For patients who need bone transplantation, the patient's own iliac bone is generally removed and crushed for transplantation. The existing method of removing the iliac bone is to make an incision on the patient's hip and expand the incision, separate the periosteum with an electric knife, and then insert the bone knife into the incision to chisel a rectangular bone block on the iliac wing. The removed iliac bone is crushed and set aside. However, in the traditional iliac bone removal, there will be complications such as lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury, subcutaneous hematoma infection, severe trauma, iliac bone fracture, severe postoperative pain, and unsightly incision. Most patients are unwilling to remove their own iliac bone. In order to avoid these problems, we designed a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor. Existing bone drills are usually tubular, and one end of the bone drill has saw teeth for cutting bones. However, during the ilium extraction process, part of the cut ilium may still be connected to other bones and difficult to break, resulting in a prolonged bone extraction operation. In addition, the patient may suffer more serious injuries during the breaking process. Therefore, a percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor is needed to facilitate the separation of the cut part of the ilium from other bones during minimally invasive bone extraction, so as to improve the bone extraction efficiency and reduce the risk of further injury to the patient. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor which can make a small opening (percutaneous) and reduce the damage to the patient.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the present invention discloses a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor, including a guide needle, and also including an expansion sleeve, whose inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the guide needle; an outer sleeve, whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve; and a bone removal tube, whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, and a plurality of first serrations are provided on the end surface of one end of the bone removal tube, the first serrations are oblique teeth, and the opposite sides of the first serrations respectively have a blade and a back, the length of the blade is larger than the length of the back, and the thickness of the outer end of the blade is larger than the thickness of the inner end of the blade.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor provided by the present invention selects a suitable bone extraction position through a guide needle, and then sequentially sleeves the expansion sleeve and the outer sleeve onto the guide needle to expand the small hole punctured on the skin by the guide needle. Since the skin and muscle tissue have a certain flexibility, the guide needle and the sleeve expand step by step in the muscle gap, causing zero damage to the muscle and other subcutaneous tissues, which is beneficial to reducing the damage suffered by the patient due to the operation. After the outer sleeve is inserted into the human body, the outer sleeve and the guide needle are taken out and the bone extraction tube is extended into the human body along the outer sleeve. The bone extraction tube is rotated to cut off part of the ilium through the first serration at the end of the bone extraction tube, and the shape of the first serration makes the diameter of the cut ilium smaller than the inner diameter of the bone extraction tube. The unseparated part of the ilium can be broken by gently swinging the bone extraction tube, and then the removed ilium can be removed from the human body. The operation is simple, the bone extraction efficiency is greatly improved, and the risk of further injury to the patient due to broken ilium is reduced, thereby reducing the iatrogenic injury of the patient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion sleeve in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0007] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the expansion sleeve in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0008] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an outer sleeve in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0010] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bone extraction tube in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0012] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of a bone extraction tube in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ejector pin in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Fig. 9 A partial cross-sectional view of a bone cutting tube in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0015] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of a bone cutting tube in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0016] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of another cross section of the bone cutting tube in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Description of labels:

[0018] 1. Expansion sleeve; 2. Outer sleeve; 21. Positioning teeth; 22. Handle; 3. Bone removal tube; 31. First sawtooth; 311. Blade; 312. Back of knife; 313. Outer end of blade; 314. Inner end of blade; 32. First rotating handle; 4. Ejector pin; 5. Bone cutting tube; 51. Second sawtooth; 52. Second rotating handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in conjunction with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The present invention discloses a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor, comprising a guide needle, and also comprising an expansion sleeve 1, whose inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the guide needle; an outer sleeve 2, whose inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve 1; and a bone removal tube 3, whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2. A plurality of first serrations 31 are arranged on the end surface of one end of the bone removal tube 3, wherein the first serrations 31 are oblique teeth, and opposite sides of the first serrations 31 are respectively provided with a blade 311 and a blade back 312, wherein the length of the blade 311 is greater than the length of the blade back 312, and the thickness of the outer end 313 of the blade is greater than the thickness of the inner end 314 of the blade.

[0021] The working principle of the present invention is briefly described as follows: a suitable bone removal position is selected through a guide needle, and then the expansion sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 are sequentially sleeved onto the guide needle to expand the small hole punctured by the guide needle on the skin. Since the skin and muscle tissue have a certain flexibility, the wound caused by the guide needle will not expand. After the outer sleeve 2 is inserted into the human body, the outer sleeve 2 and the guide needle are taken out and the bone removal tube 3 is extended into the human body along the outer sleeve 2. The bone removal tube 3 is rotated to cut off part of the ilium through the first serration 31 at the end of the bone removal tube 3, and the shape of the first serration 31 makes the diameter of the cut ilium smaller than the inner diameter of the bone removal tube 3. By gently swinging the bone removal tube 3, the unseparated part of the ilium can be broken and the removed ilium can be removed from the human body.

[0022] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor provided by the present invention causes a small skin incision, realizes minimally invasive surgery, is simple to operate, and greatly improves the efficiency of bone extraction, which is beneficial to reducing the damage to patients caused by surgery, and reduces the risk of further damage to patients due to broken tail end of iliac bone, thereby alleviating iatrogenic damage to patients.

[0023] Furthermore, the expansion sleeve 1 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the diameter of the guide needle, and the outer diameter of the first sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2.

[0024] From the above description, it can be seen that the expansion sleeve 1 has multiple layers. The expansion sleeves are sequentially put on the guide needle in order from small to large sizes to gradually expand the hole punctured by the guide needle, preventing the large-sized expansion sleeve 1 from being directly put on the guide needle, which may make it difficult to enter the hole or cause skin rupture.

[0025] Furthermore, one end of the outer sleeve 2 has a positioning tooth 21, the positioning tooth 21 is a straight tooth, and the end of the positioning tooth 21 is a plane.

[0026] From the above description, it can be seen that a positioning tooth 21 is provided at the end of the outer sleeve 2 to fix the outer sleeve 2 at the selected bone removal position, and the end of the positioning tooth 21 is a plane, which can prevent the positioning tooth 21 from causing unnecessary harm to the patient and avoid curling of the positioning tooth 21 during use.

[0027] Furthermore, one end of the outer sleeve 2 away from the positioning teeth 21 has a handle 22 , and the handle 22 is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 2 .

[0028] It can be seen from the above description that the outer sleeve 2 can be conveniently held by operating the handle 22 to prevent it from shaking during the bone removal process.

[0029] Furthermore, the end of the first sawtooth 31 is a plane.

[0030] As can be seen from the above description, the end of the first serration 31 is designed to be flat to prevent the first serration 31 from being too sharp and causing the preset drilling depth to be exceeded during the bone removal process, and to prevent the first serration 31 from curling during the use of the bone removal tube 3.

[0031] Furthermore, scales are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the bone removal tube 3 at intervals along the length direction of the bone removal tube 3 .

[0032] As can be seen from the above description, the drilling depth of the bone removal tube 3 can be obtained through the scale, thereby facilitating the control of the size of the removed ilium.

[0033] Furthermore, a first rotating handle 32 is provided at one end of the bone removal tube 3 away from the first sawtooth 31 , and the first rotating handle 32 is fixedly connected to the bone removal tube 3 .

[0034] It can be seen from the above description that the bone removal tube 3 can be conveniently driven to rotate by operating the first rotating handle 32 .

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a ejector pin 4 , the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone removal tube 3 .

[0036] It can be known from the above description that the ilium taken out by the bone taking tube 3 is cylindrical and is inside the bone taking tube 3 , and the ilium can be pushed out of the bone taking tube 3 by the ejector pin 4 .

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes a bone cutting tube 5, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2, and one end of the bone cutting tube 5 has a plurality of second serrations 51, and the second serrations 51 are perpendicular to the inner circumferential wall of the bone cutting tube 5.

[0038] From the above description, it can be seen that when the part of the ilium drilled by the bone removal tube 3 is difficult to break, the bone removal tube 3 can be taken out and then the bone cutting tube 5 can be inserted and the ilium can be cut through the bone cutting tube 5, so as to facilitate the removal of the removed ilium from the patient's body and shorten the operation time.

[0039] Furthermore, a second rotating handle 52 is provided at one end of the bone cutting tube 5 away from the second saw teeth 51 , and the second rotating handle 52 is fixedly connected to the bone cutting tube 5 .

[0040] It can be seen from the above description that the bone cutting tube 5 can be conveniently driven to rotate by operating the first step and rotating the handle.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 Embodiment 1 of the present invention is: a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor, comprising a guide needle, an expansion sleeve 1, an outer sleeve 2 and a bone extraction tube 3, which is used to extract part of the iliac bone of a patient who needs bone transplantation for transplantation. The injury to the patient when the bone is extracted from the patient's body is small, and the removed iliac bone can be conveniently removed from the patient's body, effectively shortening the operation time, reducing the chance of further injury to the patient, and reducing the injury caused to the patient.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor is used for bone extraction, a tiny incision is first made on the patient's skin and the patient's bone is pierced with a puncture needle, and then the guide needle is replaced to determine the bone extraction position, or an electric drill is used to insert the guide needle into the patient's bone to determine the bone extraction position. After the bone extraction position is selected by the guide needle, the expansion sleeve 1 is sleeved on the guide needle. The inner diameter of the expansion sleeve 1 is larger than the diameter of the guide needle so that the guide needle can smoothly pass through the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve is extended into the patient's body through the hole pierced by the guide needle on the patient's skin. Since the skin and muscle tissue of the human body have a certain degree of flexibility, the wound caused by the guide needle will not expand after the expansion sleeve is extended into the patient's body, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the wound caused to the patient during the bone extraction process, realizing minimally invasive surgery, and reducing the damage to the patient.

[0044] Preferably, the expansion sleeve 1 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve, and the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the diameter of the guide needle, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the guide needle so that the hole punctured by the guide needle on the patient's skin is gradually expanded to a desired size, thereby preventing the expansion sleeve 1 from being too large and causing the patient's skin to rupture when the expansion sleeve 1 is extended into the patient's body, wherein the number and size of the expansion sleeves 1 are selected according to the actual surgical requirements of different patients.

[0045] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the expansion sleeve 1 expands the wound on the patient's skin to a corresponding size, the outer sleeve 2 is sleeved onto the expansion sleeve 1. The inner diameter of the expansion sleeve 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve 1. The end of the outer sleeve 2 extending into the patient's body has a positioning tooth 21. The positioning tooth 21 abuts against the patient's bone to fix the outer sleeve 2 at the bone removal position. After the outer sleeve 2 is set, the expansion sleeve and the guide needle are removed to perform bone removal.

[0046] Preferably, the positioning teeth 21 are straight teeth and the ends of the positioning teeth 21 are flat, which effectively prevents the positioning teeth 21 from scratching the patient's skin or muscles when the positioning teeth 21 are inserted into the patient's body, and prevents the outer sleeve 2 from colliding with the patient's bones during use, causing the positioning teeth 21 to curl, which is conducive to repeated use of the outer sleeve 2. The end of the outer sleeve 2 away from the positioning teeth 21 is also provided with a handle 22 fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 2. By operating the handle 22, the outer sleeve 2 can be conveniently held to prevent it from shaking during the bone removal process, ensuring that the outer sleeve 2 will not produce unexpected displacement during the bone removal process.

[0047] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, after the guide needle and the expansion sleeve 1 are taken out from the outer sleeve 2, the bone removal tube 3 is extended into the patient's body along the outer sleeve 2 to remove bones. A plurality of first serrations 31 are provided on the end surface of one end of the bone removal tube 3. By rotating the bone removal tube 3, the patient's ilium can be cut through the first serrations 31 and part of the ilium can be removed and kept in the bone removal tube 3. The cut part of the ilium is cylindrical. Then the bone removal tube 3 can be taken out of the outer sleeve 2 to complete the bone removal.

[0048] Specifically, the first sawtooth 31 is an oblique tooth, and a blade 311 and a blade back 312 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the first sawtooth 31. The length of the blade 311 is greater than the length of the blade back 312, and the thickness of the outer end 313 of the blade is greater than the thickness of the inner end 314 of the blade, that is, the blade 311 gradually becomes thinner along the axial thickness of the bone removal tube 3, so that the interval between the outer ends 313 of the two first sawtooths 31 arranged opposite to each other is smaller than the interval between the inner ends 314 of the blades, and thus the diameter of the cylindrical part of the ilium cut by the first sawtooth 31 is smaller than the diameter of the bone removal tube 3. When the bone removal tube 3 does not cut off part of the ilium, the part of the ilium can be broken and taken out of the patient's body by shaking the bone removal tube 3 so that the side wall of the bone removal tube 3 collides with part of the ilium, so that the part of the ilium cut off by the bone removal tube 3 is easy to remove, thereby improving the bone removal efficiency and reducing the probability of further injury to the patient due to breaking part of the ilium during the bone removal process. The end of the first saw tooth 31 is preferably flat to prevent the first saw tooth 31 from being too sharp and causing the drilling depth to exceed a preset range during bone extraction, thereby facilitating control of the length of the removed cylindrical ilium and avoiding excessive damage to the patient's bones.

[0049] Preferably, scales are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the bone removal tube 3 at intervals along the length direction of the bone removal tube 3. When the bone removal tube 3 is placed in the outer sleeve 2, the end of the outer sleeve 2 is aligned with the scales. During the bone removal process, the length of the bone removal tube 3 extending into the patient's ilium can be judged based on the scales aligned with the end of the outer sleeve 2.

[0050] A first rotating handle 32 is provided at one end of the bone removal tube 3 away from the first serration 31. The first rotating handle 32 is fixedly connected to the bone removal tube 3. The bone removal tube 3 can be driven to rotate by operating the first rotating handle 32, which greatly facilitates the operation of the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 8 The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor also includes a thimble 4, the diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone extraction tube 3. After the bone extraction tube 3 extracts part of the iliac bone, the cylindrical part of the iliac bone remains in the bone extraction tube 3. By inserting the thimble 4 into the bone extraction tube 3, part of the iliac bone can be removed from the bone extraction tube 3 for use.

[0052] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor also includes a bone cutting tube 5, the outer diameter of the bone cutting tube 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2, and one end of the bone cutting tube 5 is provided with a plurality of second serrations 51, and the second serrations 51 are perpendicular to the inner circumferential wall of the bone cutting tube 5. When the part of the ilium drilled by the bone extraction tube 3 is difficult to break, the bone extraction tube 3 is taken out and the bone cutting tube 5 is inserted into the outer sleeve 2 and the bone cutting tube 5 is rotated to cut off the part of the ilium through the second serrations 51, and then the cylindrical part of the ilium is kept in the bone cutting tube 5 and taken out of the patient's body together with the bone cutting tube 5, which effectively solves the problem that the cut part of the ilium is difficult to break and prevents the patient from being further injured due to the broken ilium.

[0053] Preferably, a second rotating handle 52 is provided at one end of the bone cutting tube 5 away from the second saw teeth 51 , and the second rotating handle 52 is fixedly connected to the bone cutting tube 5 , and the bone cutting tube 5 can be driven to rotate by operating the second rotating handle 52 .

[0054] The method for using the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: S1, using a puncture needle or an electric drill to set the guide needle to the selected bone extraction position; S2, sequentially sleeve the expansion sleeve 1 onto the guide needle in order of size from small to large; S3, sleeve the outer sleeve 2 onto the expansion sleeve 1, and after the positioning teeth 21 are stably abutted against the patient's ilium, the guide needle and the expansion sleeve are removed; S4, inserting the bone extraction tube 3 into the outer sleeve 2 and rotating the bone extraction tube 3 so that the bone extraction tube 3 is inserted into the corresponding depth of the patient's ilium, slightly shaking the bone extraction tube 3 to break the cut part of the ilium, and then removing the bone extraction tube 3; S5, inserting the ejector pin 4 into the bone extraction tube 3 to remove the cut part of the ilium, and properly keeping it; S6, removing the outer sleeve 2, and properly treating the patient's wound. If it is difficult to break the ilium by slightly shaking the bone removal tube 3 in step S4, proceed to step S41, take out the bone removal tube 3 and place the bone cutting tube 5 into the outer sleeve 2, rotate the bone cutting tube 5 to cut the ilium, and then take the bone cutting tube 5 and the cut part of the ilium out of the outer sleeve 2.

[0055] In summary, the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor provided by the present invention is simple to operate and greatly improves the efficiency of bone extraction, which is beneficial to reducing the damage caused to patients by surgery, and reduces the risk of further injury to patients due to broken iliac bones, thereby reducing the damage caused to patients' bones.

[0056] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor, comprising a guide needle, characterized in that: Also includes, an expansion sleeve having an inner diameter greater than the diameter of the guide needle; An outer sleeve, whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve, one end of the outer sleeve is provided with a positioning tooth, the positioning tooth is a straight tooth, and the end of the positioning tooth is a plane; A bone removal tube, whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, is provided with a plurality of first serrations on the end surface of one end of the bone removal tube, wherein the first serrations are oblique teeth, and the first serrations have a blade and a back on opposite sides thereof, respectively, the length of the blade is greater than the length of the back, the thickness of the outer end of the blade is greater than the thickness of the inner end of the blade, and the interval between the outer ends of the blades of two oppositely arranged first serrations is smaller than the interval between the inner ends of the blades.

2. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the diameter of the guide needle, and the outer diameter of the first sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve.

3. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve has a handle at one end away from the positioning teeth, and the handle is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve.

4. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the first sawtooth is a flat surface.

5. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall of the bone removal tube is provided with scales at intervals along the length direction of the bone removal tube.

6. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first rotating handle is provided at one end of the bone extraction tube away from the first sawtooth, and the first rotating handle is fixedly connected to the bone extraction tube.

7. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a thimble, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone removal tube.

8. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bone cutting tube, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, and one end of the bone cutting tube has a plurality of second serrations, and the second serrations are perpendicular to the inner circumferential wall of the bone cutting tube.

9. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac bone extractor according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second rotating handle is provided at one end of the bone cutting tube away from the second saw teeth, and the second rotating handle is fixedly connected to the bone cutting tube.

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