A reinforced steel trestle and a trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reinforced steel trestle, comprising a pipe pile group, wherein the pipe pile group includes a group of steel pipe piles arranged in an array along the transverse direction of the riverbed, the lower ends of the steel pipe piles are embedded in the riverbed bedrock and poured with pile foundation concrete, the upper part of the pipe pile group is connected to a steel beam, and the bridge deck is supported above the steel beam, and the pipe cavity of at least one steel pipe pile is also poured with a reinforcing filler, and the reinforcing filler is located in the pipe cavity above the pile foundation concrete. The present invention also discloses a trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: on the basis of ensuring the safety of the steel trestle and overall control of the cost budget, the stiffness of the steel pipe piles themselves and the strength of the connection with the riverbed are improved through a simple and economical method, the resistance to flood impact is enhanced, and the safety factor is improved. By real-time monitoring of the deformation of the trestle steel pipe piles, the status of the steel trestle can be grasped in real time, the safety of the steel trestle can be scientifically determined, and a reinforcement plan can be formulated, which is conducive to the intelligent management of the steel trestle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of bridge construction facilities, and in particular relates to a reinforced steel trestle and a trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology. Background Art

[0002] A trestle is a temporary bridge structure that plays an important role in the construction of cross-river bridges. It is an indispensable facility for transporting materials, equipment, and personnel. Currently, steel-structured trestle bridges are generally used. For rivers that are wide, deep, and undulating, the trestle project is large in scale and also faces complex factors such as fluctuating river water levels and the impact of flood peaks during the flood season. Its safety must be guaranteed during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance processes. A steel trestle generally consists of several parts, including pipe piles, steel beams, and a bridge deck. The pipe piles are driven into the rocks of the river channel to support the steel beams and bridge deck above. In addition to the design and connection of the trestle steel structure itself, which require strict consideration, the fixation of the pipe piles, as well as the strength and rigidity of the pipe piles, are key factors in determining the safety and stability of the trestle. Patent documents CN201810520404 and CN201810506336.3 respectively disclose a structure and construction method for a steel trestle pipe pile foundation, and the pile foundation stability meets the design requirements. However, faced with the impact of floods in high-flow, high-drop rivers during flood season, the safety of the pier caused by the stability of the pipe piles themselves remains a challenge due to the limitations of the performance of existing pipe pile materials and engineering costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a reinforced steel trestle. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A reinforced steel trestle comprises a pipe pile assembly, the pipe pile assembly comprising a group of steel pipe piles arranged in an array transversely along a riverbed, the lower ends of the steel pipe piles being embedded in the riverbed, a steel beam being connected to the upper portion of the pipe pile assembly, a bridge deck being supported above the steel beam, and at least one end of the bridge deck being connected to a riverbank. The key feature of the invention is that the lower ends of the steel pipe piles are embedded in the bedrock of the riverbed and are poured with pile foundation concrete.

[0005] A reinforcing filler is poured into the tube cavity of at least one of the steel pipe piles, and the reinforcing filler is located in the tube cavity above the pile foundation concrete.

[0006] The above design, based on the use of materials that meet the minimum structural strength requirements of the design, improves the stiffness of the steel pipe piles themselves and the strength of their connection with the riverbed through a simple and economical method, enhances the resistance to flood impact, and improves the safety factor.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the steel pipe piles on the upstream side of the pipe pile group close to the riverbed are filled with the reinforcing filler.

[0008] With the above design, the steel pipe piles close to the upstream side are more strongly affected by the impact of floods, so higher requirements are placed on their stiffness and strength.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, all the steel pipe piles are filled with the reinforcing filler.

[0010] The above design is adopted to improve the overall strength and rigidity of the steel pipe piles.

[0011] As an optimal technical solution, the upper end height of the steel pipe pile is recorded as h0, the filling height of the reinforced filler is recorded as h, the annual average water level of the river is recorded as H0, and h, h0 and H0 satisfy H0≤h≤h0.

[0012] The above design improves the impact resistance of the steel pipe pile with a smaller amount of reinforcing filler, which is low in cost and basically meets the requirements of withstanding the impact of river water under normal conditions.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the average water level of the river during flood season is recorded as H1, and h and H1 satisfy h≥H1.

[0014] The above design is adopted to further improve the ability of the pier to resist the impact of river floods during the flood season.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the above-mentioned reinforcing filler is concrete or sand.

[0016] The above design has low cost and convenient construction.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the depth at which the lower end of the steel pipe pile is embedded in the moderately weathered rock layer is more than 3m.

[0018] The above design is adopted to ensure the firm connection between the lower end of the steel pipe pile and the riverbed bedrock.

[0019] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology. The technical solution is as follows:

[0020] A trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology is used for the above-mentioned reinforced steel trestle, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Establish a steel trestle monitoring system, which includes a steel trestle, a BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system, an on-site sensing element group, a remote data acquisition system and a server;

[0022] The on-site sensing element group is used to collect the strain data of the steel trestle △The strain data d and the river channel water level data H at the steel trestle are used to form a detection signal. The signal output end of the on-site induction element group transmits the detection signal to the signal input end of the remote data acquisition system. The signal output end of the remote data acquisition system is connected to a server, and this server receives the strain data △ d and the river channel water level data H, and inputs them into the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system in real time;

[0023] The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system also receives the expected maximum river channel water level data H' input manually;

[0024] Step Two: The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system is set with a strain safety threshold △ D1 and a strain alarm threshold △ D2, △ D1 < △ D2. The strain data △ d is compared with △ D1 and △ D2;

[0025] In the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system, H1 is also set as the warning water level, and the river channel water level data H and the expected maximum river channel water level data H' are respectively compared with H1;

[0026] If H ≤ H1, and △ d < △ D1, then continue to observe;

[0027] If H ≤ H1, and △ d gradually increases to △ d = △ D1, and the river channel water level data H continues to increase, then the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the first type of alarm prompt and proceeds to Step Three;

[0028] If H ≥ H1, H < H' < h0, and △ d < △ D1, then the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the second type of alarm prompt and proceeds to Step Four;

[0029] If H1 ≤ H ≤ H', and H' ≥ h0, and △ D1 ≤ △ d ≤ △ D2, then the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the third type of alarm prompt and proceeds to Step Five;

[0030] Step Three: Inject the strengthening filling material into the steel pipe piles, and the filling height h1 = H ~ 1.05H;

[0031] Step 4: inject the reinforcing filler into the steel pipe pile, with the filling height h1 = H1~1.05H1;

[0032] Step 5: Inject the reinforcing filler into the steel pipe pile, with the filling height h1 = 0.95h0~h0.

[0033] By adopting the above method and real-time monitoring of the deformation of the steel pipe piles of the trestle, the construction and supervision units can understand the status of the steel trestle. Based on the actual situation of the steel pipe piles and future flood conditions in the upper reaches of the river, they can scientifically determine the safety of the steel trestle and formulate a reinforcement plan, which is conducive to the intelligent management of the steel trestle.

[0034] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: on the basis of ensuring the safety of the steel trestle and overall control of the cost budget, the stiffness of the steel pipe piles themselves and the connection strength with the riverbed are improved through a simple and economical method, the impact force of floods is enhanced, and the safety factor is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the trestle;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation of the trestle relative to the river bank;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the steel pipe pile structure;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steel trestle monitoring system;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a graph showing water level changes in a river during the flood season in 2018. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a reinforced steel trestle includes a pipe pile group, which includes a group of steel pipe piles 1 arranged in an array along the transverse direction of the riverbed 6. The lower ends of the steel pipe piles 1 are buried in the riverbed 6. The upper part of the pipe pile group is connected to a steel beam 2, and a bridge deck 3 is supported above the steel beam 2. At least one end of the bridge deck 3 is connected to the river bank through an abutment.

[0043] like Figure 3 The lower ends of the steel pipe piles 1 are embedded in the riverbed bedrock and poured with pile foundation concrete 4. Specifically, the lower ends of the steel pipe piles 1 are embedded in the moderately weathered rock strata to a depth of at least 3 meters, but in practice, 4 to 5 meters. The steel pipe piles 1 are connected using flat joints and diagonal bracing.

[0044] A reinforcing filler 5 is poured into the lumen of at least one of the steel pipe piles 1, and the reinforcing filler 5 is located in the lumen above the pile foundation concrete 4. The reinforcing filler 5 is concrete or sand.

[0045] In one embodiment, the steel pipe piles 1 on the upstream side of the pile assembly, near the riverbed 6, are filled with the reinforcing filler 5. Steel pipe piles 1 near the center of the river are particularly susceptible to deformation due to their length and the impact of flooding. The height of the top of the steel pipe pile 1 is denoted as h0, the filling height of the reinforcing filler 5 is denoted as h, and the annual average water level of the river is denoted as H0. h, h0, and H0 satisfy the relationship H0 ≤ h ≤ h0.

[0046] In another embodiment, all steel pipe piles 1 are filled with the aforementioned reinforcing filler 5 to ensure the overall flood resistance of the pile group. For example, a river experiences flooding from May to September each year, with the flood season water level higher than the annual average water level. The average flood season water level is denoted as H1, where h and H1 satisfy h ≥ H1. During the design phase of a steel trestle, the fluctuating river water level is taken into account, and the design height is generally higher than the average flood season water level, ensuring that the steel trestle deck remains above the water level for the majority of the time.

[0047] In one project, the foundation of a trestle bridge was constructed using rock-embedded piles. The rock-embedded portion of the steel pipe piles was poured with C30 concrete. The steel pipe piles were connected by flat joints and diagonal braces.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology, used for the above-mentioned reinforced steel trestle, comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Establish a steel trestle monitoring system, such as Figure 4 The steel trestle monitoring system includes a steel trestle, a BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system, a field sensing element group, a remote data acquisition system and a server;

[0051] Establish a BIM steel trestle 3D simulation system based on the design and construction drawing data of the steel trestle;

[0052] The on-site sensing element group is used to collect the strain data of the steel trestle △ d and the river water level data H at the steel trestle to form a detection signal, the signal output end of the on-site sensing element group transmits the detection signal to the signal input end of the remote data acquisition system, the signal output end of the remote data acquisition system is connected to a server, and the server receives the strain data △ d and river water level data H, and input them into the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system in real time;

[0053] The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system also receives the expected maximum river water level data H' input manually;

[0054] Step 2: The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system sets a strain safety threshold △ D1 and a strain alarm threshold △ D2, △ D1 < △ D2, and compares the strain data △ d with the strain safety threshold △ D1 and △ D2;

[0055] The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system also sets H1 as the warning water level, and compares the river water level data H and the expected maximum river water level data H' with H1 respectively;

[0056] If H ≤ H1, and △ d < △ D1, then continue to observe;

[0057] If H ≤ H1, and △ d gradually increases to △ d = △ D1, and the river water level data H continues to increase, then the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the first type of alarm prompt and proceeds to Step 3;

[0058] If H ≥ H1, H < H' < h0, and △ d < △ D1, then the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the second type of alarm prompt and proceeds to Step 4;

[0059] If H1 ≤ H ≤ H', and H' ≥ h0, and △ D1 ≤ △ d ≤ △ D2, then the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the third type of alarm prompt and proceeds to Step 5;

[0060] Step 3: Inject the enhanced filler 5 into the steel pipe pile 1, and the filling height h1 = H ~ 1.05H;

[0061] Step 4: Inject the enhanced filler 5 into the steel pipe pile 1, and the filling height h1 = H1 ~ 1.05H1;

[0062] Step 5: Inject the enhanced filler 5 into the steel pipe pile 1, and the filling height h1 = 0.95h0 ~ h0.

[0063] In Step 1, the specific process of establishing the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system is as follows:

[0064] S1, extract the stake plane coordinates from the design drawing, including:

[0065] (1) Convert the centerline;

[0066] (2) Generate pile number sequence;

[0067] (3) Export the stake coordinates;

[0068] S1, calculate the elevation of each pile number, including:

[0069] (1) Arrange the data of the slope change points of the longitudinal section;

[0070] (2) Write the elevation calculation algorithm into EXCEL, enter the slope change point pile number, elevation, and curve radius in the parameter table, and you can batch calculate the elevation of each point within the range:

[0071] S3, organize 3D points: organize the X, Y and elevation of each pile number in an Excel table to facilitate subsequent Dynamo reading;

[0072] S4, Dynamo node program: Fit the 3D points obtained in steps S1 to S3 above to obtain a 3D spatial curve, i.e., the bridge centerline. A coordinate system is established at each 3D point, and the bridge cross-section profile family is placed for lofting and fusion. Finally, the obtained soild is converted into a regular model and automatically loaded into the Revit project.

[0073] S5, other structures: Bridge substructures and other ancillary structures can be automatically placed based on the pile position or range.

[0074] The following is an engineering example to illustrate.

[0075] For example, a steel trestle is required for an upcoming bridge across a river. Steel pipe piles 1, sized Φ820 x 10 mm, are used. According to the design, the high water level of the steel trestle is 187.0 m, the normal water level is 175.0 m, the bridge deck elevation is 185 m, and the top height of steel pipe piles 1 is h0 = 182 m.

[0076] During the construction of the steel trestle, a BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system was established based on the design and construction drawings of the steel trestle. A field sensing element group was arranged on the steel trestle, including a sensor for monitoring the lateral offset of the upper end of the steel pipe pile 1. △ d displacement sensor, and equipment such as ultrasonic water level meters for monitoring the river water level H. The remote data acquisition system transmits the collected data to the server, which inputs the data into the BIM steel trestle 3D simulation system in real time. The warning water level H1 = 175.0m is set in the BIM steel trestle 3D simulation system, as shown in Table 1. The strain safety threshold △ D1=120mm, strain alarm threshold △D2 = 200 mm, as shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 1 River Channel Water Level

[0078] Water level numerical item River water level H <![CDATA[Warning water level H1]]> Expected highest river water level H' Water level (m) Actual measurement 175.0 According to the forecast data of the water conservancy department

[0079] Table 2 Strain of Steel Pipe Piles

[0080]

[0081] Generally, when the water level is low, i.e., H ≤ 175.0 m, and △ d < 120 mm, continue the observation and judge it as safe.

[0082] During the flood season, when the real-time water level H ≤ 175.0 m, but the river channel water level data H continues to increase, and △ d gradually increases to △ d = 120 mm, the BIM steel trestle 3D simulation system outputs the first type of alarm prompt. The construction personnel inject concrete into the corresponding steel pipe pile 1, and the filling height h1 = 175 m.

[0083] If the real-time water level rises to H ≥ 175.0 m, and according to the prediction of the water conservancy department, the expected highest water level data of the river channel within the next week is H’ = 179 - 180.5 m, i.e., H’ < h0, and △ d = 100 mm, that is △ d < △ D1, the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the second type of alarm prompt. The construction personnel continue to inject concrete into the corresponding steel pipe pile 1 until the filling height h1 = 178 m.

[0084] If the real-time water level rises to H = 181 m, i.e., H1 ≤ H ≤ H’, and according to the prediction of the water conservancy department, the expected highest water level data of the river channel H’ = 186 m, i.e., H’ > h0, and the real-time strain is △ d = 150 mm, that is △ D1 ≤ △ d ≤ △ D2, the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the third type of alarm prompt. The construction personnel continue to inject concrete into the corresponding steel pipe pile 1 until the filling height h1 = 181 m.

[0085] In addition, according to the historical water level records of the previous year, before the flood season comes, the highest water level record of the previous year can be used as the expected highest water level data H’ of the river channel and input into the BIM system. For example, after query, the water level change curve of the river channel at this trestle during the flood season of the previous year (2018) is as Figure 5As shown, the highest water level reached 188.7 m, which was directly used as the expected highest river water level data H'. To ensure the safety of the trestle, the trestle was reinforced in June 2019. Since H'>h0=182 m, the concrete filling height of steel pipe pile 1 was h1=181.5~182 m.

[0086] By monitoring the deformation of the steel pipe piles of the trestle, the construction and supervision units can grasp the status of the steel trestle in real time. Based on the actual situation of the steel pipe piles and future flood conditions upstream of the river, they can scientifically determine the safety of the steel trestle and formulate reinforcement plans, which helps to combine BIM technology to achieve intelligent management of the steel trestle.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can make various similar expressions without violating the purpose and claims of the present invention. Such changes fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology, comprising a reinforced steel trestle, the reinforced steel trestle comprising a pipe pile group, the pipe pile group comprising a group of steel pipe piles (1) arranged in an array along the transverse direction of a riverbed (6), the lower ends of the steel pipe piles (1) being buried in the riverbed (6), the upper portion of the pipe pile group being connected to a steel beam (2), the upper portion of the steel beam (2) supporting a bridge deck (3), at least one end of the bridge deck (3) being connected to a riverbank, the lower ends of the steel pipe piles (1) being embedded in the riverbed bedrock, and the lower ends of the steel pipe piles (1) being poured with pile foundation concrete (4); A reinforcing filler (5) is poured into the lumen of at least one of the steel pipe piles (1), and the reinforcing filler (5) is located in the lumen above the pile foundation concrete (4); The height of the upper end of the steel pipe pile (1) is recorded as h0, the filling height of the reinforced filler (5) is recorded as h, the annual average water level of the river is recorded as H0, and h, h0 and H0 satisfy H0≤h≤h0; The average water level of the river during flood season is recorded as H1, and h and H1 satisfy h ≥ H1; The lower end of the steel pipe pile (1) is embedded in the medium-weathered rock layer to a depth of more than 3m, and the steel pipe piles are connected by flat joints and diagonal braces; It is characterized by The following steps are involved: Step 1: Establish a steel trestle monitoring system, which includes a steel trestle, a BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system, an on-site sensing element group, a remote data acquisition system and a server; The field sensing element group includes a displacement sensor for monitoring the lateral offset Δd of the upper end of the steel pipe pile (1), and a device for monitoring the river water level H, such as an ultrasonic water level meter. The field sensing element group is used to collect the strain data of the steel trestle. △ d and the river water level data H at the steel trestle to form a detection signal, the signal output end of the on-site sensing element group transmits the detection signal to the signal input end of the remote data acquisition system, the signal output end of the remote data acquisition system is connected to a server, and the server receives the strain data △ d and river water level data H, and input them into the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system in real time; The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system also receives manually input expected river channel maximum water level data H'; Step 2: The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system is set with a strain safety threshold △ D1 and strain alarm thresholds △ D2, △ D1< △ D2, the strain data △ d and △ D1 and △ D2 performs comparison; The BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system also sets H1 as the warning water level, and compares the river water level data H and the expected river maximum water level data H' with H1 respectively; If H≤H1, and △ d< △ D1, then continue to observe; If H≤H1, and △ d gradually increases to △ d= △ D1, and the river water level data H continues to increase, the BIM steel trestle 3D simulation system outputs the first alarm prompt and proceeds to step 3; If H≥H1, H<H’<h0, and △ d < △ D1, the BIM steel trestle 3D simulation system outputs the second alarm prompt and proceeds to Step 4; If H1≤H≤H', and H'≥h0, and △ D1≤ △ d≤ △ D2, the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system outputs the third alarm prompt and proceeds to step five; Step 3: injecting the reinforcing filler (5) into the steel pipe pile (1), with the filling height h1=H~1.05H; Step 4: injecting the reinforcing filler (5) into the steel pipe pile (1), with the filling height h1 = H1~1.05H1; Step 5: inject the reinforcing filler (5) into the steel pipe pile (1), with the filling height h1=0.95h0~h0.

2. The trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the specific process of establishing the BIM steel trestle three-dimensional simulation system is as follows: S1, extract the stake plane coordinates from the design drawing, including: (1) Convert the centerline; (2) Generate pile number sequence; (3) Export the stake coordinates; S2, calculate the elevation of each pile number, including: (1) Arrange the data of the slope change points of the longitudinal section; (2) Write the elevation calculation algorithm into EXCEL, enter the slope change point pile number, elevation, and curve radius in the parameter table, and you can batch calculate the elevation of each point within the range: S3, organize 3D points: organize the X, Y and elevation of each pile number in an Excel table to facilitate subsequent Dynamo reading; S4, Dynamo node program: Fit the 3D points obtained in steps S1 to S3 above to obtain a 3D spatial curve, i.e., the bridge centerline. A coordinate system is established at each 3D point, and the bridge cross-section profile family is placed and then lofted and fused. Finally, the obtained soild is converted into a regular model and automatically loaded into the Revit project. S5, other structures: Bridge substructures and other ancillary structures can be automatically placed based on the pile position or range.

3. The trestle reinforcement method based on BIM technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reinforcing filler (5) is concrete or sand.

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