Road collapse intelligent monitoring and early warning system and processing method in collapsible loess area

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of collapsible loess region road collapse intelligent monitoring early warning system and processing method, belong to collapsible loess region road monitoring early warning and processing technical field, solve the problem that existing detection technology is difficult to comprehensively, intuitively timely monitoring and early warning to road collapse.The present application includes information acquisition device, office management facilities and communication facilities, communication facilities include 3S integrated system, commercial satellite and ground radar system, office management facilities include internet, computer and display device, 3S integrated system and ground radar system are connected with computer through internet respectively, information acquisition device is connected with 3S integrated system.Processing method: the information provided by 3S integrated system and ground radar system is compared, and the classification of road collapse hazard classification is judged, and corresponding collapse treatment measures are taken accordingly.The present application realizes 3S integrated system and ground radar detection system double control, and is more accurate and intuitive for collapse prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of monitoring, early warning and treatment technology for roads (including urban roads and highways) in collapsible loess areas, specifically involving an intelligent monitoring and early warning system and treatment method for road collapse in collapsible loess areas. Background Technology

[0002] Serious road collapses resulting in multiple deaths and injuries occur annually, causing significant loss of life and property and severe social impact. In collapsible loess areas, water is one of the primary causes of road collapses. Numerous researchers and engineers are actively exploring technologies for early warning and monitoring of road collapses, along with timely and effective treatment methods, to prevent and avoid such accidents, eliminate road traffic safety hazards, provide feasible solutions for managing and preventing accidents, and ensure road traffic safety.

[0003] Current domestic and international technologies for detecting road subsidence primarily rely on manual inspection. Typically, before a road collapse, cavities appear in the subsurface structure, leading to subsidence. Existing technologies mainly use detection equipment to identify potential cavities beneath the road surface, enabling early warning and appropriate mitigation measures. However, timely detection of soil cavities requires continuous and regular surveys and detection of key urban road sections and disaster-prone areas to keep the development of disasters under control. While some regions in China have used radar detection, high-density resistivity methods, transient surface wave methods, and transient electromagnetic methods for detection in recent years, these methods cannot provide comprehensive and timely, effective, and accurate early warnings and assessments of road subsidence. The current shortcomings or limitations of road subsidence detection technology are as follows:

[0004] (1) It is difficult to fully realize timely monitoring and early warning of road collapse, the real-time performance is poor, and the severity of road collapse cannot be reflected in advance and in a timely manner.

[0005] (2) The testing scope and workload are large, the efficiency is low, and periodic testing and re-testing are required year after year.

[0006] (3) It is difficult to intuitively and visually assess the specific geological conditions of the surrounding area and underground engineering, making it difficult to take timely and effective measures. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas, in order to solve the problems that existing detection technologies are difficult to comprehensively and intuitively monitor and warn of road subsidence in a timely manner, and that involve a large workload and low efficiency.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and early warning method for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention is: an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas, comprising an information collection device and office management facilities, as well as communication facilities. The communication facilities include a 3S integrated system, a commercial satellite, and a ground radar system. The 3S integrated system consists of a remote sensing system, a geographic information system, and a global positioning system. The office management facilities include the Internet, a computer, and a display device. The computer is connected to the display device. The 3S integrated system and the ground radar system are respectively connected to the computer via the Internet. The commercial satellite is connected to the 3S integrated system, the ground radar system, and the Internet. The information collection device is pre-buried underground in the road and is connected to the 3S integrated system.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the information acquisition device includes a humidity meter, a displacement meter, a pore water pressure meter, an earth pressure meter, a hydrostatic level, a soil sampler, and an automated data acquisition device. The humidity meter, displacement meter, pore water pressure meter, earth pressure meter, hydrostatic level, and soil sampler are respectively connected to the automated data acquisition device, which is connected to the 3S integrated system.

[0011] As a further improvement to the present invention, at least two ground radar survey lines are laid on both the sidewalk and the carriageway of the road. These ground radar survey lines are then manually re-surveyed in key monitoring areas on-site to further verify the accuracy of the monitoring and early warning systems.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the display device includes a screen.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the display device includes a mobile communication device.

[0014] A method for intelligent monitoring, early warning, and handling of road subsidence in collapsible loess areas includes the following steps:

[0015] A. The automated data acquisition instrument sends the road underground information obtained by the humidity meter, displacement meter, pore water pressure meter, earth pressure meter, hydrostatic level and soil sampler to the 3S integrated system. The 3S integrated system analysis software automatically compiles, models and runs the data, and transmits the information to the computer via the Internet and displays it in a visual way on the display device.

[0016] B. The ground radar system transmits information to a computer via the Internet and displays it on a display device;

[0017] C. Compare the information provided by the 3S integrated system and the ground radar system. If the information provided by the 3S integrated system and the ground radar system is inconsistent, further analyze and compare the data. If the information provided by the 3S integrated system and the ground radar system is consistent, on-site drilling verification is required for the work sites where potential collapse hazards have been detected. Combine the on-site drilling verification and verification of relevant data on road collapse to make a road collapse hazard classification and assessment.

[0018] D. Based on the classification in step C, take appropriate measures to deal with the road collapse.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step C, the road collapse is classified according to the depth and area of ​​the collapse.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step C, the road collapse hazard is divided into four categories: severe hazard, relatively severe hazard, moderate hazard, and relatively minor hazard. The specific classification criteria are as follows:

[0021] For urban roads, a roadway collapse depth of ≤0.5m is classified as a relatively serious hazard, a roadway collapse depth >0.5m is classified as a severely serious hazard, and a roadway collapse area of ​​≤2.0m² is classified as a hazard. 2 It is classified as a relatively serious hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the roadway is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the collapse depth of the non-motorized vehicle lane is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a serious hazard; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a moderate hazard; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a significant hazard. 2 The damage is classified as moderate if the collapsed area of ​​the non-motorized vehicle lane is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the sidewalk collapse depth is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the sidewalk collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the sidewalk collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a relatively serious hazard. 2 It is then classified as a minor hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the sidewalk is >2.0m². 2 This is classified as a relatively serious threat;

[0022] For highways, a roadway collapse depth of ≤0.5m is classified as a relatively serious hazard, a roadway collapse depth >0.5m is classified as a severely serious hazard, and a roadway collapse area of ​​≤2.0m² is classified as a hazard. 2 It is classified as a relatively serious hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the roadway is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the shoulder collapse depth is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a serious hazard; if the shoulder collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the road surface collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a more serious hazard. 2 It is then classified as a minor hazard if the shoulder collapse area is >2.0m². 2 It is then classified as having a relatively high degree of harm.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step D, the trenchless grouting treatment technology or the excavation and replacement technology is selected according to the road nature, whether municipal pipelines are laid, the depth of the collapse, and the area of ​​the collapse. The specific selection criteria are as follows:

[0024] For urban roads with municipal pipelines, if the collapse depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology should be used; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, excavation and replacement technology should be used; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², trenchless grouting technology should be used. 2 If the collapse area is >2.0m², trenchless grouting technology will be used. 2 The excavation and replacement technique is then adopted;

[0025] For urban roads without municipal pipelines, if the subsidence depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology should be used; if the subsidence depth is >0.5m, a combination of trenchless grouting technology and excavation and replacement technology should be used; if the subsidence area is ≤2.0m², the subsidence should be treated accordingly. 2 If the collapse area is >2.0m², trenchless grouting technology will be used. 2 The approach combines trenchless grouting technology with excavation and replacement technology.

[0026] For highways, if the collapse depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology is used; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, a combination of trenchless grouting technology and excavation and replacement technology is used; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m²... 2 In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The approach combines trenchless grouting technology with excavation and replacement technology.

[0027] Information acquisition devices (hygrometers, displacement gauges, pore water pressure gauges, earth pressure gauges, hydrostatic levels, and soil sampling instruments) pre-embedded within a certain depth range along roads or key monitoring areas will transmit real-time monitoring data, including geological structure characteristics, groundwater content, the extent of subsidence cavities, and roadbed settlement, remotely to the office management computer to establish a relevant database. The data will then be automatically compiled, modeled, and processed by 3S integrated system analysis software, dynamically and intuitively displayed on a 3D visualization device. Based on the severity of water seepage and subsidence, the system will perform mechanical stability grading and early warning, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the requirements for early monitoring, early warning, and visualization.

[0028] Commercial satellites, comprising transmission, reception, and launch equipment, can transmit detection signals of different frequencies to the ground in the monitored area. They then receive and collect these signals, ensuring connectivity between the 3S integrated system, the ground radar system, and the internet. The 3S integrated system organically integrates relevant components of three independent but complementary technologies: RS (Remote Sensing), GIS (Geographic Information System), and GPS (Global Positioning System), forming a unified technological system. The ground radar system can analyze, monitor, and transmit information from the 3S integrated system to the screen regarding suspected subsidence points and key areas, allowing for on-site re-measurement for further accurate verification.

[0029] This invention can continuously monitor data on geological changes such as soil moisture, pressure, and displacement in the surrounding environment of roads and underground areas during collapses or cavities. The data is transmitted in real-time to the monitoring host, where it is analyzed and processed by the "3S integrated system" to achieve visualization. Combined with a ground radar detection system, this makes the detection and monitoring data more accurate, reliable, practical, and operable, with wider applications. It can effectively monitor and warn of road collapses and the actual conditions around the site, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the requirements for accurate early warning and visualization. Furthermore, it can assess and classify the stability of road collapses and soil, allowing for reasonable and targeted treatment to eliminate road safety hazards and ensure pedestrian and traffic safety.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] 1. This invention combines the "3S integrated system" with the "ground radar detection system" to detect and verify suspicious locations within the 3S integrated system's monitoring area. This achieves a more accurate subsidence prediction function through "dual control" of the "3S integrated system + ground radar detection system." It integrates digitalization, process optimization, and intelligence. Through mutual comparison, analysis, and detection, it can comprehensively, accurately, in real-time, dynamically, and continuously monitor and warn of road surface environment and underground subsidence. On-site, it can dynamically and intuitively transmit the road subsidence range, depth, water leakage degree, engineering geology, underground facilities, and other information to screens and mobile communication devices in a digital and intelligent manner in real time and in a visual way. This solves the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the requirements for accurate early monitoring, warning, and visualization.

[0032] 2. This invention provides principles for classifying the severity of road collapse hazards in collapsible loess areas and targeted technical measures for treating road collapses. It can assess and classify road collapses and soil stability in real time, take timely measures to eliminate road safety hazards, ensure pedestrian and traffic safety, and thus completely prevent and avoid road collapse accidents.

[0033] 3. The technology of this invention has the advantages of convenient implementation, simple process, low cost, green environmental protection, and investment saving. It can accurately, reliably and effectively solve the problems of road collapse and safety hazards, and has good social and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the intelligent monitoring and early warning processing method for road collapse in collapsible loess areas according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the layout of ground radar survey lines in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the layout of ground radar survey lines in this invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1 is an information acquisition device; 1-1-1 is a humidity meter; 1-1-2 is a displacement meter; 1-1-3 is a pore water pressure gauge; 1-1-4 is a soil pressure gauge; 1-1-5 is a hydrostatic level; 1-1-6 is a soil sampler; 1-2 is an automated data acquisition device; 2 is a communication facility; 2-1 is a 3S integrated system; 2-2 is a commercial satellite; 2-3 is a ground radar system; 3 is an office management facility; 3-1 is the Internet; 3-2 is a computer; 3-3 is a screen; 3-4 is a mobile communication device; 4 is a driveway; 5 is a sidewalk; 6 is a ground radar survey line. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figures 1-4 As shown, an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas includes an information acquisition device 1 and an office management facility 3, as well as a communication facility 2. The communication facility includes a 3S integrated system 2-1, a commercial satellite 2-2, and a ground radar system 2-3. The 3S integrated system 2-1 consists of a remote sensing technology system, a geographic information system, and a global positioning system. The office management facility 3 includes an Internet 3-1, a computer 3-2, and a display device. The computer 3-2 is connected to the display device. The 3S integrated system 2-1 and the ground radar system 2-3 are respectively connected to the computer 3-2 via the Internet 3-1. The commercial satellite 2-2 is connected to the 3S integrated system 2-1, the ground radar system 2-3, and the Internet 3-1. The information acquisition device 1 is pre-buried underground in the road and is connected to the 3S integrated system 2-1.

[0041] The information acquisition device 1 includes a humidity meter 1-1-1, a displacement meter 1-1-2, a pore water pressure meter 1-1-3, an earth pressure meter 1-1-4, a hydrostatic level 1-1-5, a soil sampler 1-1-6, and an automated data acquisition device 1-2. The humidity meter 1-1-1, displacement meter 1-1-2, pore water pressure meter 1-1-3, earth pressure meter 1-1-4, hydrostatic level 1-1-5, and soil sampler 1-1-6 are respectively connected to the automated data acquisition device 1-2, and the automated data acquisition device 1-2 is connected to the 3S integrated system 2-1.

[0042] At least two ground radar lines 6 are laid on the sidewalk 5 and the carriageway 4 of the road, respectively.

[0043] The display device includes a screen 3-3. The display device includes a mobile communication device 3-4.

[0044] A method for intelligent monitoring, early warning, and handling of road subsidence in collapsible loess areas includes the following steps:

[0045] A. The automated data acquisition instrument 1-2 sends the road subsurface information acquired by the humidity meter 1-1-1, displacement meter 1-1-2, pore water pressure meter 1-1-3, earth pressure meter 1-1-4, hydrostatic level 1-1-5, and soil sampler 1-1-6 to the 3S integrated system 2-1. The 3S integrated system analysis software automatically compiles, models, and runs the data. The information is then transmitted to the computer 3-2 via the Internet 3-1 and dynamically and intuitively displayed on the display device (screen 3-3 and mobile communication device 3-4) in a three-dimensional visualization manner.

[0046] B. The ground radar system 2-3 transmits information to the computer 3-2 via the Internet 3-1 and displays it on the display device;

[0047] C. Compare the information provided by the 3S integrated system 2-1 and the ground radar system 2-3. If the information provided by the 3S integrated system 2-1 and the ground radar system 2-3 is inconsistent, further analysis and comparison of the data is required. If the information provided by the 3S integrated system 2-1 and the ground radar system 2-3 is consistent, on-site drilling verification is required for the work sites where potential collapse hazards have been detected. Based on the on-site drilling verification and verification of relevant road collapse data, a road collapse hazard classification and assessment is performed.

[0048] D. Based on the classification in step C, take appropriate measures to deal with the road collapse.

[0049] In step C, road collapse hazards are classified into four categories based on their depth and area: severe, significant, moderate, and minor. The specific classification criteria are as follows:

[0050] For urban roads, a roadway collapse depth of ≤0.5m is classified as a relatively serious hazard, a roadway collapse depth >0.5m is classified as a severely serious hazard, and a roadway collapse area of ​​≤2.0m² is classified as a hazard. 2 It is classified as a relatively serious hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the roadway is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the collapse depth of the non-motorized vehicle lane is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a serious hazard; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a moderate hazard; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a significant hazard. 2 The damage is classified as moderate if the collapsed area of ​​the non-motorized vehicle lane is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the sidewalk collapse depth is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the sidewalk collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the sidewalk collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a relatively serious hazard. 2 It is then classified as a minor hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the sidewalk is >2.0m². 2 This is classified as a relatively serious threat;

[0051] For highways, a roadway collapse depth of ≤0.5m is classified as a relatively serious hazard, a roadway collapse depth >0.5m is classified as a severely serious hazard, and a roadway collapse area of ​​≤2.0m² is classified as a hazard. 2 It is classified as a relatively serious hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the roadway is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the shoulder collapse depth is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a serious hazard; if the shoulder collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the road surface collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a more serious hazard. 2 It is then classified as a minor hazard if the shoulder collapse area is >2.0m². 2 It is then classified as having a relatively high degree of harm.

[0052] In step D, based on the road type, whether municipal pipelines are laid, the depth of the collapse, and the area of ​​the collapse, either trenchless grouting or excavation-replacement technology is selected. The specific selection criteria are as follows:

[0053] For urban roads with municipal pipelines, if the collapse depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology should be used; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, excavation and replacement technology should be used; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², trenchless grouting technology should be used. 2 In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The excavation and replacement technique is then adopted;

[0054] For urban roads without municipal pipelines, if the subsidence depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology will be used; if the subsidence depth is >0.5m, a combination of trenchless grouting and excavation-replacement technology will be used (grouting technology for the bottom layer and replacement technology and leveling for the top layer); if the subsidence area is ≤2.0m²... 2In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The approach combines trenchless grouting technology with excavation and replacement technology.

[0055] For highways, if the collapse depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology is used; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, a combination of trenchless grouting technology and excavation and replacement technology is used; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m²... 2 In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The approach combines trenchless grouting technology with excavation and replacement technology.

[0056] The 3S integrated system 2-1 enables rapid, mobile, accurate, and reliable collection, processing, and updating of various spatial and environmental information launched by the commercial satellite 2-2. It collects engineering geological environmental information about the ground and surrounding underground areas via the commercial satellite 2-2, transmits it to the computer 3-2 via the Internet 3-1 in the office management facility 3, and then processes it through the respective software of RS remote sensing technology, GIS geographic information system, and GPS global positioning system within the 3S integrated system 2-1 to achieve visualization and real-time dynamic monitoring. The ground radar system 1-3 can deploy ground radar survey lines 6 on-site to conduct on-site detection and verification of areas identified as suspicious by the 3S integrated system 2-1, achieving the goal of "dual control" through the "3S integrated system + ground radar".

[0057] In this invention, radar detection and data processing are performed using RadarView, a radar data processing software developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences; the 3S integrated system uses software from RS remote sensing technology system, GIS geographic information system, and GPS global positioning system, and processes, manages, and maintains the data on an office computer using Internet technology.

[0058] The humidity meter 1-1-1 is used to collect humidity information; the displacement meter 1-1-2 is used to collect information on the movement and changes of underground soil; the pore water pressure gauge 1-1-3 is used to collect information on the changes in pore water pressure after underground soil is soaked; the earth pressure gauge 1-1-4 is used to collect information on the changes in earth pressure after underground soil collapse; the hydrostatic level 1-1-5 is used to measure the settlement changes at the observation point; and the soil sampler 1-1-6 is used to collect geological, soil, and environmental information. The above sensors are laid along the road at important road sections requiring monitoring, as well as at the lowest points of the road's longitudinal slope and at road intersections (the burial depth, spacing, and number of sensors are set according to needs, typically with a burial depth of no less than 80cm, and the spacing and number determined based on monitoring accuracy requirements). Automated data acquisition devices 1-2 monitor the data in real time and transmit the collected data, including geological structure characteristics, groundwater content, subsidence cavity range, and roadbed settlement, to the 3S integrated system 2-1. The data is then remotely transmitted via the Internet 3-1 and loaded onto the office management computer 3-2 to establish a relevant database. The 3S integrated system analysis software automatically compiles, models, and processes the data, dynamically and intuitively displaying it in a 3D visualization on the screen 3-3 and mobile communication devices 3-4. Based on the severity of water seepage and subsidence, this system performs mechanical stability grading and early warning, addressing the limitations of existing technologies in achieving early monitoring, warning, and visualization.

[0059] Ground radar system 2-3 analyzes the detected information and data to preliminarily determine the extent, depth, area, and water content of road collapses or cavities. After a series of automatic data processing, editing, and interpretation, the detection data is transmitted via the Internet 3-1 to a remote management computer 3-2 using specialized software (Radar View software is used in this invention). The data is then analyzed and a visualized three-dimensional numerical model is established, which is compared with the visualized imaging model formed by the 3S integrated system 2-1. For example... Figure 2 As shown, if the image data is inconsistent, further analysis and comparison of the data are needed; if the conclusions are consistent, on-site drilling verification is required for the work sites where potential collapse hazards are detected. A safety warning level should be proposed based on collapse-related indicators (see Tables 1 and 2), and promptly transmitted to screen 3-3 and mobile communication device 3-4, allowing management personnel to select appropriate measures in real time based on the collapse level. This invention proposes classification standards based on collapse depth, collapse area, and water leakage, specifically four types: severe hazard, significant hazard, moderate hazard, and minor hazard, as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the classification indicators for the severity of urban road collapse hazards, and Table 2 shows the classification indicators for highway collapse hazards. Water leakage conditions can be judged based on experience.

[0060]

[0061] Based on the classification of road hazard levels in Tables 1 and 2, corresponding road collapse treatment measures are implemented accordingly. The treatment measures are tailored to factors such as the nature of the collapsed road, the presence or absence of municipal pipelines, the depth of the collapse, the area of ​​the collapse, and the severity of water leakage. This invention provides two different treatment measures: "trenchless grouting treatment technology" or "replacement technology," for a reasonable selection, as shown in Table 3.

[0062]

[0063] This invention can monitor potential hazards such as water seepage, subsidence, and cavities underground in real time and dynamically. It can also transmit relevant information and data remotely to the control room computer via the Internet. The invention analyzes, judges, and issues warnings about subsidence, underground geological conditions, and water seepage, and outputs the results in a visual manner to video screens and mobile devices, allowing managers to take appropriate preventive measures in real time. Based on the assessment of the subsidence hazard level, the invention can promptly implement relevant foundation treatment measures according to the severity of the subsidence.

[0064] This invention enables timely and accurate monitoring and early warning of road collapses in a visual manner, allowing for targeted measures to be taken to eliminate potential road traffic safety hazards. It provides a reliable basis for the early prevention and control of road collapses, ensuring traffic safety and protecting people's lives and property from loss.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent monitoring, early warning, and processing of road subsidence in collapsible loess areas, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: A. Pre-install humidity meters, displacement gauges, pore water pressure gauges, earth pressure gauges, hydrostatic levels, and soil sampling devices in roads or key monitoring areas. Humidity meters are used to collect humidity information; displacement gauges are used to collect data on changes in underground soil movement; pore water pressure gauges are used to collect data on changes in pore water pressure after underground soil is soaked; earth pressure gauges are used to collect data on changes in earth pressure after underground soil collapse; hydrostatic levels are used to measure settlement changes at observation points; and soil sampling devices are used to collect geological, soil, and environmental information. Automated data acquisition systems transmit the road underground information acquired by humidity meters, displacement gauges, pore water pressure gauges, earth pressure gauges, hydrostatic levels, and soil sampling devices to the 3S integrated system. Commercial satellites collect engineering geological environmental information about the ground and surrounding underground areas and transmit it to the 3S integrated system. The 3S integrated system analysis software automatically compiles, models, and processes the data, and transmits the information to a computer via the Internet and displays it visually on a display device. The 3S integrated system classifies and warns about the mechanical stability of roads or key monitoring areas based on the severity of water leakage and subsidence; the road underground information includes the geological structure of the layers, groundwater content, the extent of subsidence cavities, and roadbed settlement information; the 3S integrated system consists of a remote sensing technology system, a geographic information system, and a global positioning system. B. The ground radar system analyzes the detected information and data to preliminarily determine the extent, depth, area, and water content of road collapses or cavities, and transmits the information to a computer via the Internet and displays it on a display device; at least two ground radar survey lines are laid on the sidewalks and carriageways of the road, and manual re-surveying is carried out on key monitoring areas of the ground radar survey lines; the ground radar system conducts on-site detection and verification of areas with suspicious points detected by the 3S integrated system by deploying ground radar survey lines on-site; C. Compare the information provided by the 3S integrated system and the ground radar system. If the information provided by the 3S integrated system and the ground radar system is inconsistent, further analysis and comparison of the data is required. If the information provided by the 3S integrated system and the ground radar system is consistent, on-site drilling verification is required for the work sites where potential collapse hazards are detected. Based on the on-site drilling verification and verification of relevant data on road collapse, classification standards are proposed according to the collapse depth, collapse area, and water leakage, and the road collapse hazard classification is determined and categorized. In step C, the collapses are classified according to their depth and area. In step C, road collapse hazards are divided into four categories: severe, significant, moderate, and minor. The specific classification criteria are as follows: For urban roads, a roadway collapse depth of ≤0.5m is classified as a relatively serious hazard, a roadway collapse depth >0.5m is classified as a severely serious hazard, and a roadway collapse area of ​​≤2.0m² is classified as a hazard. 2 It is classified as a relatively serious hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the roadway is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the collapse depth of the non-motorized vehicle lane is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a serious hazard; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a moderate hazard; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a significant hazard. 2 The damage is classified as moderate if the collapsed area of ​​the non-motorized vehicle lane is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the sidewalk collapse depth is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the sidewalk collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the sidewalk collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a relatively serious hazard. 2 It is then classified as a minor hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the sidewalk is >2.0m². 2 This is classified as a relatively serious threat; For highways, a roadway collapse depth of ≤0.5m is classified as a relatively serious hazard, a roadway collapse depth >0.5m is classified as a severely serious hazard, and a roadway collapse area of ​​≤2.0m² is classified as a hazard. 2 It is classified as a relatively serious hazard if the collapsed area of ​​the roadway is greater than 2.0 m². 2 If the shoulder collapse depth is ≤0.5m, it is classified as a serious hazard; if the shoulder collapse depth is >0.5m, it is classified as a relatively serious hazard; if the road surface collapse area is ≤2.0m², it is classified as a more serious hazard. 2 It is then classified as a minor hazard if the shoulder collapse area is >2.0m². 2 This is classified as a relatively serious threat; D. Based on the classification in step C, take appropriate measures to deal with the road collapse. In step D, based on the road type, whether municipal pipelines are laid, the depth of the collapse, and the area of ​​the collapse, either trenchless grouting or excavation-replacement technology is selected. The specific selection criteria are as follows: For urban roads with municipal pipelines, if the collapse depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology should be used; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, excavation and replacement technology should be used; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m², trenchless grouting technology should be used. 2 In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The excavation and replacement technique is then adopted; For urban roads without municipal pipelines, if the subsidence depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology should be used; if the subsidence depth is >0.5m, a combination of trenchless grouting technology and excavation and replacement technology should be used; if the subsidence area is ≤2.0m², the subsidence should be treated accordingly. 2 In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The approach combines trenchless grouting technology with excavation and replacement technology. For highways, if the collapse depth is ≤0.5m, trenchless grouting technology is used; if the collapse depth is >0.5m, a combination of trenchless grouting technology and excavation and replacement technology is used; if the collapse area is ≤2.0m²... 2 In this case, trenchless grouting technology should be used if the collapse area is >2.0m². 2 The approach combines trenchless grouting technology with excavation and replacement technology.

2. A smart monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas, applied to the smart monitoring and early warning processing method for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas as described in claim 1, comprising an information acquisition device and office management facilities, characterized in that: It also includes communication facilities, which include a 3S integrated system, a commercial satellite and a ground radar system. The 3S integrated system consists of a remote sensing technology system, a geographic information system and a global positioning system. The office management facilities include the Internet, a computer and a display device. The computer is connected to the display device. The 3S integrated system and the ground radar system are respectively connected to the computer via the Internet. The commercial satellite is connected to the 3S integrated system, the ground radar and the Internet respectively. The information collection device is buried underground in the road and is connected to the 3S integrated system. The display device includes a screen; The display device includes a mobile communication device.

3. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The information acquisition device includes a humidity meter, a displacement meter, a pore water pressure meter, an earth pressure meter, a hydrostatic level, a soil sampler, and an automated data acquisition device. The humidity meter, displacement meter, pore water pressure meter, earth pressure meter, hydrostatic level, and soil sampler are all connected to the automated data acquisition device, which is connected to the 3S integrated system.

4. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for road subsidence in collapsible loess areas according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: At least two ground radar lines are laid on the sidewalk and the roadway of the road.

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