Adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of metal forming, and discloses an adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device, wherein at least two coaxially arranged extrusion grooves are provided on the outer wall of the extrusion wheel, the die cavity is installed on the extrusion wheel, the extrusion grooves are located between the extrusion wheel and the die cavity, and the die cavity is provided with die cavity channels equal to the number of the extrusion grooves, each die cavity channel is separated by a die bridge, and the feed end of each die cavity channel is connected to each extrusion groove correspondingly; the mold is installed in the die cavity, and the discharge end of each die cavity channel is connected to the molding cavity of the mold through a welding area; one end of each die bridge and the feed end of each die cavity channel are located on the same plane tangent to the extrusion wheel, and the other end exceeds or does not reach the discharge end of the die cavity channel. In this device, two or more metal billets flowing out of the die cavity channel are "welded" in the welding area by an adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism, and the strength of the "weld" is greater than that of the non-weld due to severe shear deformation, which completely solves the problem of insufficient welding strength caused by the weld.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal forming, in particular to an adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device. Background Art

[0002] Current metal continuous extrusion forming devices, such as Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes an extrusion wheel 1, a mold cavity 2 and a mold 3. The outer wall of the extrusion wheel 1 is provided with at least two coaxially arranged extrusion grooves 101. The mold cavity 2 is installed on the extrusion wheel 1, and the extrusion grooves 101 are located between the extrusion wheel 1 and the mold cavity 2. The mold cavity 2 is provided with mold cavity channels 201 equal in number to the extrusion grooves 101. Each mold cavity channel 201 is separated by a mold bridge 202, and the feed end of each mold cavity channel 201 is connected with each corresponding extrusion groove 101; the mold 3 is installed in the mold cavity 2, and the discharge end of each mold cavity channel 201 is connected with the molding cavity 301 of the mold 3 through the welding area 4; one end of each mold bridge 202 and the feed end of each mold cavity channel 201 are located on the same plane tangent to the extrusion wheel 1, and the other end is located on the same plane as the discharge end of the mold cavity channel 201. In this device, after two (or more) metal billets enter the die cavity channel 201, the friction mode in the die cavity 2 is sliding friction. After flowing out of the die cavity channel 201, the two metal billets are welded in the welding area 4 in a pressure welding model, which requires very high pressure and temperature to achieve welding. In addition, there are strict requirements on the purity, gas content and structure of the two welding interfaces during welding. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an adhesion, friction, shear deformation continuous extrusion device, in which two or more metal billets flowing out of the die cavity channel are "welded" in the welding area by the adhesion, friction, shear deformation mechanism, and the strength of the "weld" is greater than that of the non-weld due to the severe shear deformation, which completely solves a series of problems such as insufficient welding strength caused by the weld.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention provides an adhesion, friction, shear and deformation continuous extrusion device, comprising an extrusion wheel, a die cavity and a mold, wherein the outer wall of the extrusion wheel is provided with at least two coaxially arranged extrusion grooves, the die cavity is installed on the extrusion wheel, and the extrusion grooves are located between the extrusion wheel and the die cavity, and the die cavity is provided with die cavity channels equal to the number of the extrusion grooves, each of the die cavity channels is separated by a die bridge, and the feed end of each of the die cavity channels is connected with the corresponding extrusion grooves respectively; the mold is installed in the die cavity, and the discharge end of each of the die cavity channels is connected with the forming cavity of the mold through a welding area; one end of each of the die bridges and the feed end of each of the die cavity channels are located on the same plane tangent to the extrusion wheel, and the other end exceeds or does not reach the discharge end of the die cavity channel; the metal billet to be formed is subjected to the adhesion, friction, shear and deformation mechanism in the die cavity channel and / or the welding area to form the desired product.

[0005] Preferably, if the other end of each mold bridge exceeds the discharge end of the mold cavity channel, the welding area is located in the mold, or part of the welding area is located in the mold cavity and the other part is located in the mold; if the other end of each mold bridge does not reach the discharge end of the mold cavity channel, the welding area is located in the mold cavity, or part of the welding area is located in the mold cavity and the other part is located in the mold.

[0006] Furthermore, if the welding area is partially or completely located in the mold cavity, a positioning ring is installed around the position of the welding area in the mold cavity. Positioning rings of different sizes determine welding areas of different depths.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of each mold cavity channel is a rough inner wall, and / or the surface of each mold bridge is a rough surface. The inner wall of the mold cavity channel is designed to be a rough inner wall, so that the metal blank can be subjected to the adhesion, friction and shearing action of the rough inner wall of the mold cavity channel when the inner wall of the mold cavity channel is extruded and deformed, which facilitates the smooth progress of the subsequent "welding" process; the rough treatment of the inner surface of the mold cavity channel and the mold bridge increases the friction between the blank and the channel and the mold bridge surface, making it difficult for the blank to slide on this rough surface, forming a large dead zone at the rear end of the mold cavity channel and the mold bridge, and when the blank flows through the dead zone surface, it belongs to the shear plastic deformation of the same material, that is, the adhesion, friction and shear deformation mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the rough inner wall is a serrated inner wall, and / or the rough surface is a serrated surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the extrusion groove is composed of an outer groove and an inner groove that are interconnected, the width w2 of the inner groove is greater than the width w1 of the outer groove, and when a plug that matches its shape is installed in the extrusion groove, a preset gap w3 is provided between the side walls of the plug and the inner walls of the outer groove. The contact area between the blank and the side walls of the wheel groove is increased, thereby increasing the driving force of the extrusion, and meeting the high power requirements of the adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism; the side gap w3 plays a role in releasing force. When the blank is blocked in the film cavity, or the extrusion pressure is too large, the blank no longer continues to enter the extrusion cavity, but flows out along this force-relieving gap to prevent the mold bridge from collapsing. Preferably, the spacing D between the central axes of two adjacent mold cavity channels is 2~5 w1.

[0010] Preferably, if there are two extrusion grooves, there are two cavity channels, and the end of the mold bridge close to the mold is a trapezoid or a triangle. The end of the mold bridge close to the mold is designed to be a trapezoid or a triangle, and a flow dead zone can be easily formed at the end of the trapezoid and the triangle close to the mold. The metal blank does not flow in the flow dead zone, and the metal blank in the flow dead zone can only flow through the edge of these flow dead zones by shearing. The two metal flows are "welded" in the welding area by the adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism. The strength of the "weld" is greater than that of the non-weld due to severe shear deformation, which completely solves a series of problems such as welding caused by the weld.

[0011] Preferably, if the end of the mold bridge close to the mold is a trapezoid, the upper base of the trapezoid is arranged opposite to the inlet of the molding cavity of the mold, and the angle between the two sides is 0-45°.

[0012] Preferably, if the end of the mold bridge close to the mold is a triangle, the sharp corner of the triangle is arranged opposite to the inlet of the molding cavity of the mold, and the sharp angle is 0-45 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the mold cavity channels are arranged parallel to each other.

[0014] Beneficial effect: In the present invention, after the metal strip to be formed is conveyed into the cavity channel of the die cavity under the action of the extrusion groove and the extrusion wheel, it is extruded from the discharge end of the cavity channel through extrusion deformation. Since the end of the die bridge between the two cavity channels exceeds or does not reach the discharge end of the cavity channel, after the deformed metal blank is extruded from the cavity channel, there will be a flow dead zone at the end of the die bridge (the end of the die bridge close to the die), and the metal blank does not flow in the flow dead zone, and the metal blank around the flow dead zone can only flow through the edges of these dead zones by shearing. The metal billets are "welded" in the welding area by the adhesion, friction and shear deformation mechanism. The strength of the "weld" is greater than that of the non-weld due to the severe shear deformation, which completely solves a series of problems such as welding caused by the weld. Then, the metal billets "welded" by the adhesion, friction and shear deformation mechanism enter the molding cavity of the mold for molding. The molded material has uniform and stable performance over the entire cross section, without problems such as poor weld performance and unstable properties. It is suitable for continuous extrusion of extrusion wheels with two or more grooves, and is particularly suitable for the preparation of profiles with a large width-to-thickness ratio.

[0015] When the end of the mold bridge does not reach the end face of the discharge end of the mold cavity: (1) the depth of the welding chamber is increased. Without changing other parameters, the hydrostatic pressure in the welding chamber is effectively increased, so that the welding pressure of the welding interface is increased and the welding time of the weld is prolonged, which is beneficial to the improvement of the weld quality; (2) the end of the mold bridge is more likely to accumulate the blank until it is flush with the discharge end of the mold cavity channel. This accumulated blank is a semi-flow dead zone (that is, the flow rate is less than the blank in the center of the mold cavity channel, but it is not zero and has a certain flow rate). The blank continuously flows in and out of this dead zone at a slower speed. The difference between the outflow speed and the outflow speed of the blank in the center area of ​​the mold cavity channel causes the material to shear deform, that is, the adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism.

[0016] When the end of the die bridge exceeds the end face of the discharge end of the die cavity: (1) the size of the welding chamber along the Z-axis direction becomes larger, which is equivalent to increasing the extrusion ratio without changing the mold structure, making the resistance in the welding chamber larger and the hydrostatic pressure higher, which is beneficial to welding and improves the quality of the weld; (2) the dead zone on the surface of the die bridge is lengthened, increasing the resistance between the billet and the die bridge, making it easier for the billet to flow in the form of adhesion, friction and shear deformation along the extrusion direction, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the weld; (3) it is beneficial to discharge the residual gas at the end of the die bridge, so that the weld is free from the difficult-to-eliminate pore defects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the die cavity channel and the die in the metal continuous extrusion molding device in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the mold cavity channel and the mold in implementation mode 1;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of an extrusion groove in the extrusion wheel;

[0021] Figure 5 is a front view of the extrusion slot;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a front view of an extrusion groove in the extrusion wheel and the plug when they are matched;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the mold cavity channel and the mold in implementation mode 2;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the mold cavity channel and the mold in implementation mode 3;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the mold cavity channel and the mold in Implementation Method 4;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold bridge in implementation mode 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Implementation 1:

[0029] This embodiment provides an adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, it is mainly composed of an extrusion wheel 1, a mold cavity 2 and a mold 3. The outer wall of the extrusion wheel 1 is provided with two coaxially arranged extrusion grooves 101. The mold cavity 2 is installed on the extrusion wheel 1, and the extrusion groove 101 is located between the extrusion wheel 1 and the mold cavity 3. Two mutually parallel mold cavity channels 201 are provided in the mold cavity 3. The two mold cavity channels 201 are separated by a mold bridge 202, and the feed ends of the two mold cavity channels 201 are respectively connected to the two extrusion grooves 101; the mold 3 is installed in the mold cavity 2 , the discharge ends of the two cavity channels 201 are connected to the molding cavity 301 of the mold 3 through the welding area 4 located in the mold 3; one end of the mold bridge 202 and the feed ends of the two cavity channels 201 are located on the same plane tangent to the extrusion wheel 1, and the other end of the mold bridge 202 that extends beyond the cavity channel 201 is located in the welding area 4, and the end of the mold bridge 202 close to the mold 3 is a trapezoid, the upper base of the trapezoid is arranged opposite to the discharge end of the cavity channel 201, and the angle α1 between the two waists is 0~45°.

[0030] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, the extrusion groove 101 is composed of an outer groove 1011 and an inner groove 1012 which are connected to each other. The width w2 of the inner groove 1012 is greater than the width w1 of the outer groove 1011. When a plug 6 matching its shape is installed in the extrusion groove 101, a preset gap w3 is provided between the side walls of the plug 6 and the inner walls of the outer groove 1011. The spacing D between the central axes of two adjacent cavity channels 201 is 3 w1.

[0031] First, the metal blank to be formed is cleaned by alkali washing + acid washing + water washing (ultrasound) and then peeled to remove the impurities and oxide scale on the surface of the blank. Then, the metal blank to be formed is transferred to the cavity channel 201 of the die cavity 2 under the action of the extrusion groove 101 and the extrusion wheel 1. The metal blank is extruded from the discharge end of the cavity channel 201 through extrusion deformation. Since the end of the mold bridge 202 between the two cavity channels 201 exceeds the discharge end of the cavity channel 201, the deformed metal blank is discharged from the cavity channel After extrusion of 201, there will be a flow dead zone 5 at the end of the mold bridge 202 (the end of the mold bridge 202 close to the mold 3), in which the metal billet does not flow, and the metal billet around the flow dead zone 5 can only flow through the edge of these flow dead zone 5 by shearing, and the two metal flows are "welded" in the welding area 4 by the adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism, and then these metal billets "welded" by the adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism enter the molding cavity 301 of the mold 3 for molding.

[0032] Implementation 2:

[0033] This embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment 1, the main difference being that in this embodiment, the welding area 4 is partially located in the mold cavity 2 and partially located in the mold 3, and a positioning ring 5 is installed around the portion of the welding area 4 located in the mold cavity, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0034] Apart from this, this embodiment is completely the same as Embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Implementation 3:

[0036] This embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment 1, the main difference being that in this embodiment, the ends of the two mold bridges 202 close to the mold 3 do not reach the discharge end of the mold cavity channel 201, and the welding area 4 is located in the mold cavity 2. Figure 8 shown.

[0037] Apart from this, this embodiment is completely the same as Embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Implementation 4:

[0039] This embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment 3, the main difference being that in this embodiment, the welding area 4 is partially located in the mold cavity 2 and partially located in the mold 3, and a positioning ring 5 is installed around the portion of the welding area 4 located in the mold cavity, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0040] Apart from this, this embodiment is exactly the same as Embodiment 3 and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Implementation 5:

[0042] This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 4, and the main improvement is that in this embodiment, the inner wall of the die cavity channel is set to be a serrated rough inner wall, and the surface of the die bridge is set to be a serrated rough surface. In this way, when the metal blank is extruded and deformed in the die cavity channel, it can be subjected to the adhesion, friction and shearing action of the serrated rough inner wall of the die cavity channel and the serrated rough surface of the die bridge at the same time, which facilitates the smooth progress of the subsequent "welding" process.

[0043] Apart from this, this embodiment is completely the same as Embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 4 and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Implementation 6:

[0045] This embodiment is substantially the same as Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and the main improvement is that in this embodiment, the end of the mold bridge 202 close to the mold 3 is triangular, the sharp corner of the triangle is arranged opposite to the entrance of the molding cavity 301 of the mold 3, and the sharp angle α2 is 0-45°. Fig.10 .

[0046] Apart from this, this embodiment is completely the same as Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformation or modification made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device, comprising an extrusion wheel (1), a die cavity (2) and a die (3), wherein the outer wall of the extrusion wheel (1) is provided with at least two coaxially arranged extrusion grooves (101), the die cavity (2) is mounted on the extrusion wheel (1), and the extrusion grooves (101) are located between the extrusion wheel (1) and the die cavity (2), the die cavity (2) is provided with die cavity channels (201) having a number equal to the number of the extrusion grooves (101) and having rough inner walls, each of the die cavity channels (201) is separated by a die bridge (202), and the feed end of each of the die cavity channels (201) is connected to a corresponding extrusion groove (101); the die (3) is mounted in the die cavity (2), and the discharge end of each of the die cavity channels (201) is connected to the molding cavity (301) of the die (3) through a welding area (4); characterized in that One end of each mold bridge (202) and the feed end of each mold cavity channel (201) are located on the same plane tangent to the extrusion wheel (1), and the other end exceeds or does not reach the discharge end of the mold cavity channel (201); the metal blank to be formed is subjected to an adhesion friction shear deformation mechanism in the mold cavity channel (201) and / or the welding area (4) to form a desired product; If there are two extrusion grooves (101), there are two mold cavity channels (201), and one end of the mold bridge (202) close to the mold (3) is a trapezoid or a triangle; If the end of the mold bridge (202) close to the mold (3) is a trapezoid, the upper base of the trapezoid is arranged directly opposite the entrance of the molding cavity (301) of the mold (3), and the angle α1 between the two sides is 0-45°; If the end of the mold bridge (202) close to the mold (3) is in the shape of a triangle, the sharp corner of the triangle is arranged facing the entrance of the molding cavity (301) of the mold (3), and the sharp angle α2 is 0-45°; The extrusion groove (101) is composed of an outer groove (1011) and an inner groove (1012) which are interconnected, the width w2 of the inner groove (1012) being greater than the width w1 of the outer groove (1011), and when a plug (6) having a shape matching that of the extrusion groove (101) is installed in the extrusion groove (101), a preset gap w3 is provided between the side walls of the plug (6) and the inner walls of the outer groove (1011).

2. The adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the other end of each mold bridge (202) exceeds the discharge end of the mold cavity channel (201), the welding area (4) is located in the mold (3), or part of the welding area (4) is located in the mold cavity (2) and the other part is located in the mold (3); If the other end of each mold bridge (202) does not reach the discharge end of the mold cavity channel (201), the welding area (4) is located in the mold cavity (2), or part of the welding area (4) is located in the mold cavity (2) and the other part is located in the mold (3).

3. The adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the welding area (4) is partially or completely located in the mold cavity (2), a positioning ring (5) is installed around the position of the welding area in the mold cavity.

4. The adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of each mold bridge (202) is a rough surface.

5. The adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rough inner wall is a serrated inner wall, and / or the rough surface is a serrated surface.

6. The adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance D between the central axes of two adjacent mold cavity channels (201) is 2-5 w1.

7. The adhesion friction shear deformation continuous extrusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The mold cavity channels (201) are arranged parallel to each other.

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