Organic Light-Emitting Device and Device Comprising the Same

Abstract

An organic light-emitting device and a device including the same are disclosed. The organic light-emitting device includes: a first pixel electrode located in a first emission region, a second pixel electrode located in a second emission region, and a third pixel electrode located in a third emission region; a counter electrode facing each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode; and an intermediate layer located between the counter electrode and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode. The intermediate layer includes an emission layer and a hole transport region located between the emission layer and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode. The hole transport region includes a planarization layer, and the planarization layer includes an amine compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B. The amine compound has a crystal peak with a noise peak ratio of 1.75 or greater in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0164804 filed on December 11, 2019, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] One or more aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an organic light emitting device and an apparatus including the organic light emitting device. Background Art

[0003] Organic light emitting devices are self-emissive devices that produce full-color images, and also have wide viewing angles, high contrast, short response times, and superior characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and / or response speed compared to related devices in the art.

[0004] The organic light-emitting device may include a first electrode located on a substrate and a hole transport region, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode sequentially arranged on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrode may move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. Then, carriers such as holes and electrons may recombine in the emission layer to generate excitons. These excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light.

[0005] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of an organic light emitting device according to the prior art. Figure 1 As shown in , when depositing the anode of the organic light-emitting device, foreign metal particles may adhere to the surface of the anode. In the process of depositing the intermediate layer, when the intermediate layer is deposited according to the shape of the metal particles attached to the surface of the anode, a significant height difference is generated, and therefore, the portion of the intermediate layer formed as a small thickness (e.g., thin thickness) on the side surface of the metal particles becomes a vulnerable point of the electric field. Then, when the cathode is deposited on the upper surface of the intermediate layer, diffusion of the cathode material may easily occur at (or through) the vulnerable point, resulting in a short circuit between the anode and the cathode. As a result, defects such as black spots may occur, resulting in a fatal (or harmful) impact on product yield and device reliability. Summary of the invention

[0006] One or more aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and one or more embodiments include an organic light-emitting device and a device including the organic light-emitting device, wherein the organic light-emitting device is capable of preventing or substantially reducing the occurrence of electric field vulnerable points caused by metal particles attached to the electrodes of the organic light-emitting device.

[0007] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented disclosed embodiments.

[0008] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device, which includes: a first pixel electrode located in a first emission area, a second pixel electrode located in a second emission area, and a third pixel electrode located in a third emission area; a counter electrode facing the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode; and an intermediate layer located between the counter electrode and the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode, wherein the intermediate layer includes an emission layer and a hole transport region located between the emission layer and the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode, the emission layer includes a first emission layer arranged to correspond to the first emission area and emit a first color light, and a second emission layer arranged to correspond to the second emission area or to the first emission area, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode. A second emission layer corresponding to all emission regions in the emission region and the third emission region and emitting second color light, and a third emission layer arranged to correspond to the third emission region and emitting third color light, wherein each of the maximum emission wavelength of the first color light and the maximum emission wavelength of the second color light is longer than the maximum emission wavelength of the third color light, the first color light and the second color light are emitted in a first-order resonance mode, the third color light is emitted in a first-order resonance mode or a second-order resonance mode, and the hole transport region includes a planarization layer, wherein the planarization layer includes an amine compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B, and the amine compound has a crystalline peak in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum, and the crystalline peak has a noise peak ratio of 1.75 or greater:

[0009] Formula 1

[0010]

[0011] Formula 2A

[0012]

[0013] Formula 2B

[0014]

[0015] In Formula 1, Formula 2A and Formula 2B,

[0016] L 11 To L 13 , L 211 To L 214 and L 221 To L 226 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted C1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0017] a11 to a13, a211 to a214 and a221 to a226 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0018] Ar 11 ,Ar 12 ,Ar 211 and Ar 213 may be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl, substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl and substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl,

[0019] Ar 13 ,Ar 212 and Ar 214 may be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted 9,9'-bifluorenyl and substituted or unsubstituted thienyl,

[0020] Ar 221 To Ar 224 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0021] b11 to b13, b211 to b214, and b221 to b224 may each independently be an integer of 1 to 3,

[0022] R 211 , R 212 , R 221 and R 222 can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphate or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 )、-N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-B(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 1 ) and -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0023] R 223 and R 224 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 alkyl,

[0024] c211 and c212 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 4,

[0025] c221 and c222 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 3,

[0026] Substituted C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic, substituted C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, substituted fluorenyl group, substituted biphenyl group, substituted naphthyl group, substituted 9,9'-bifluorenyl group, substituted thienyl group, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted C 1 -C 60 At least one substituent in the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

[0027] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl and C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0028] are substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) selected from at least one of C 1-C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl and C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0029] C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups;

[0030] are substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22)、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) selected from at least one of C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups; and

[0031] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),

[0032] Q 1 To Q 3 , Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60Alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted with C 1 -C 60 Alkyl C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted with C 6 -C 60 Aryl C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups, biphenyl groups and terphenyl groups.

[0033] In one embodiment, at least one of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode may include a plurality of metal particles on its surface, and the planarization layer may surround the side surfaces of the plurality of metal particles (e.g., each of the plurality of metal particles) and at least partially expose the upper region of the plurality of metal particles (e.g., each of the plurality of metal particles), and may be in direct contact with the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode may each independently include a plurality of metal particles on their surfaces, and the planarization layer may include: a first region surrounding the side surfaces of the plurality of metal particles (e.g., each of the plurality of metal particles) and at least partially exposing an upper region of the plurality of metal particles (e.g., each of the plurality of metal particles); and a second region horizontally adjacent to the first region and located on the surfaces of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode (e.g., each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode).

[0035] In one embodiment, the plurality of metal particles may include silver (Ag) particles.

[0036] In one embodiment, the planarization layer may have a thickness of about To about The thickness is within the range of .

[0037] In one embodiment, the counter electrode may include a first counter electrode region corresponding to the first emission region, a second counter electrode region corresponding to the second emission region, and a third counter electrode region corresponding to the third emission region, and a first distance (L) between a surface of the first counter electrode region facing the first pixel electrode and a surface of the first pixel electrode facing the first counter electrode region 1 ) may correspond to the first-order resonance distance of the first color light, and the second distance (L) between the surface of the second counter-electrode region facing the second pixel electrode and the surface of the second pixel electrode facing the second counter-electrode region 2 ) may correspond to the first-order resonance distance of the second color light, and a third distance (L) between a surface of the third counter-electrode region facing the third pixel electrode and a surface of the third pixel electrode facing the third counter-electrode region 3 ) may correspond to the first-order resonance distance or the second-order resonance distance of the third color light.

[0038] In one embodiment, the third color light may be emitted in a first-order resonant mode, L 1 Can be in about To about In the range of 2 Can be in about To about In the range of 3 Can be in about To about within the range.

[0039] In one embodiment, the third color light may be emitted in a second-order resonant mode, L 1 Can be in about To about In the range of 2 Can be in about To about In the range of 3 Can be in about To about within the range.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light.

[0041] In one embodiment, the intermediate layer may further include at least one selected from a first resonance control layer between the first pixel electrode and the first emission layer, a second resonance control layer between the second pixel electrode and the second emission layer, and a third resonance control layer between the third pixel electrode and the third emission layer.

[0042] In one embodiment, the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode and the third pixel electrode may all be anodes, the counter electrode may be a cathode, the anode may be a reflective electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode, and the cathode may be a transmissive electrode.

[0043] In one embodiment, the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode and the third pixel electrode may all be anodes, the counter electrode may be a cathode, the anode may be a transmissive electrode, and the cathode may be a reflective electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode.

[0044] In one embodiment, the second emission layer may correspond to the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region.

[0045] In one embodiment, the second emission layer may include a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer and the first pixel electrode, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer and the third pixel electrode.

[0046] In one embodiment, the second emission layer may include a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer and the counter electrode, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer and the counter electrode.

[0047] In one embodiment, the second emission layer may include a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer and the first pixel electrode, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer and the counter electrode.

[0048] In one embodiment, the second emission layer may include a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer and the counter electrode, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer and the third pixel electrode.

[0049] In one embodiment, the intermediate layer may further include an electron transport region between the emission layer and the counter electrode.

[0050] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a device, comprising: a thin film transistor, including a source electrode, a drain electrode and an active layer; and an organic light-emitting device, wherein a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode and a third pixel electrode of the organic light-emitting device can be electrically connected to one selected from the source electrode and the drain electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the disclosed specific embodiments will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0052] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of an organic light emitting device according to the prior art;

[0053] FIG. 2A to FIG. 2E are cross-sectional views of organic light-emitting devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of an organic light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Figure 4 Atomic force microscope (AFM) images of organic layers are shown, each of which is formed by depositing a comparative example compound or an example compound on a film. Thickness or is made of a thickness of

[0056] Figure 5 It is shown that when the compounds of the comparative examples and the amine compounds of the present disclosure are The thickness of the silver (Ag) film is deposited on The thickness of the sample was then measured using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum in the θ-2θ mode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Now will refer to the embodiment in more detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals always represent the same element. In this regard, the present embodiment can have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the description set forth herein. Therefore, the embodiment is described below only by reference to the accompanying drawings to explain the various aspects of this specification. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any combination and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items. Throughout the disclosure, the expression "at least one (kind / person) of a, b and c" means only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b and c or their variations. When expressions such as "one (kind / person) in ... " and "selected from ... " are after (or before) a column of elements (elements), the entire column of elements (elements) is modified, without modifying the individual elements (elements) in the column. In addition, when describing the embodiments of the present disclosure, the use of "may" refers to "one or more embodiments of the present disclosure".

[0058] Since the embodiments allow for various changes and numerous embodiments, the example embodiments will be shown in the drawings and described in more detail in the written description. The effects and features of the present disclosure and the methods for achieving the effects and features will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in conjunction with the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but can be implemented in various forms.

[0059] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements, and thus redundant descriptions thereof will not be provided.

[0060] In the following embodiments, terms such as “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish one component from another component, rather than having a limiting meaning.

[0061] In the following embodiments, expressions used in the singular include expressions in the plural form unless clearly having different meanings in the context.

[0062] In the following embodiments, it should be understood that terms such as “include,” “have,” “comprises,” and variations thereof are intended to indicate the presence of features or components disclosed in the specification, but are not intended to exclude the possibility of adding one or more other features or components.

[0063] In this embodiment, it will be understood that when a layer, film, region or plate is referred to as being "on" or "formed on" another layer, film, region or plate, the layer, film, region or plate can be directly formed on the other layer, film, region or plate (without any intermediate elements in between), or indirectly formed on the other layer, film, region or plate (that is, for example, there may be intermediate layers, films, regions or plates).

[0064] For the convenience of explanation, the size of the components in the drawings may be exaggerated. In other words, since the size and thickness of the components in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for the convenience of explanation, the following embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0065] FIG. 2A to FIG. 2E 2 are cross-sectional views of organic light-emitting devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0066] Figure 2A Description

[0067] Reference Figure 2A , the structure of the organic light emitting device 1 according to the embodiment will be described in more detail.

[0068] The organic light-emitting device 1 includes a first pixel electrode 111, a second pixel electrode 112, and a third pixel electrode 113, and each of the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 is located in a first emission region, a second emission region, and a third emission region, respectively.

[0069] Each of the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can be formed as a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0070] When the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 are all transmissive electrodes, the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can all include a transparent conductive layer containing indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), indium gallium oxide (IGO), or any combination thereof.

[0071] In one embodiment, in addition to the transparent conductive layer, the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can all further include a semi-transmissive thin film having a thickness of several nanometers to several tens of nanometers and formed of silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), indium (In), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), iridium (Ir), chromium (Cr), lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), ytterbium (Yb), or any combination thereof to improve light efficiency.

[0072] When the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 are all reflective electrodes, the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can all include a reflective film and a transparent conductive layer located on the upper and / or lower portions of the reflective film, and the reflective film is formed of Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, In, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, Ca, Yb, or any combination thereof.

[0073] The first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can be formed of one or more suitable materials other than the above materials, and can all independently have a single-layer structure including a single layer or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers.

[0074] For example, the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0075] The first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 may all be independently located on the substrate.

[0076] The substrate may be a glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate that all have excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface flatness, processability, and / or water resistance. For example, the substrate may include polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyallylate, polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), and / or cellulose acetate propionate (CAP).

[0077] For example, in the case of a bottom-emission device in which the light of the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 is emitted in the direction toward the substrate, the substrate may be transparent.

[0078] In one embodiment, in the case of a top-emission device in which the light of the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 is emitted in the direction opposite to the substrate, the substrate basically does not need to be transparent, but may be opaque or translucent.

[0079] In some embodiments, a buffer layer, a thin-film transistor, and / or an organic insulating layer, etc. may also be included between the substrate and the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and / or the third pixel electrode 113.

[0080] The organic light-emitting device 1 may include a counter electrode 150 facing the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113.

[0081] The counter electrode 150 may include a first counter electrode region corresponding to the first emission region, a second counter electrode region corresponding to the second emission region, and a third counter electrode region corresponding to the third emission region.

[0082] The counter electrode 150 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0083] The counter electrode 150 may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), silver-magnesium (Ag-Mg), ITO, and IZO, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0084] The counter electrode 150 may be formed of one or more suitable materials other than the above materials, and may have a single-layer structure including a single layer or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers.

[0085] In one embodiment, the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 may all be anodes, and the counter electrode 150 may be a cathode. The anode may be a reflective electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode, and the cathode may be a transmissive electrode.

[0086] In one or more embodiments, the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 may all be anodes, and the counter electrode 150 may be a cathode. The anode may be a transmissive electrode, and the cathode may be a reflective electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode.

[0087] The organic light emitting device 1 may include an intermediate layer between the counter electrode 150 and the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113.

[0088] The intermediate layer may include emission layers 131, 132, and 133 and a hole transport region 120 between the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 and the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113.

[0089] The emission layers 131, 132, and 133 may include: a first emission layer 131 corresponding to a first emission region and emitting first color light; a second emission layer 132 corresponding to a second emission region or corresponding to the entirety of the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region and emitting second color light; and a third emission layer 133 corresponding to a third emission region and emitting third color light.

[0090] Figure 2A It is shown that the second emission layer 132 is disposed corresponding to the second emission region.

[0091] Each of the maximum emission wavelength of the first color light and the maximum emission wavelength of the second color light may be longer than the maximum emission wavelength of the third color light.

[0092] For example, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0093] For example, the maximum emission wavelength of the first color light may be in the range of about 620 nm to about 750 nm; the maximum emission wavelength of the second color light may be in the range of about 495 nm to about 570 nm; and the maximum emission wavelength of the third color light may be in the range of about 450 nm to about 495 nm, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0094] The first color light and the second color light may both be emitted in a first harmonic mode, and the third color light may be emitted in a first harmonic mode or a second harmonic mode.

[0095] In order to effectively (or suitably) emit the light generated in the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 to the outside, a fine resonance structure can be applied to the organic light-emitting device 1. For example, when light is repeatedly reflected between the counter electrode 150 as a reflective electrode and the pixel electrodes 111, 112, or 113 as semi-transmissive electrodes (wherein the counter electrode 150 and the pixel electrodes 111, 112, or 113 are spaced apart by an optical length), light having a specific wavelength can be amplified due to constructive interference, and light having other wavelengths can be canceled out. The amplified light can pass through the pixel electrodes 111, 112, or 113 as semi-transmissive electrodes and be emitted to the outside.

[0096] Each of the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region may include corresponding pixel electrodes 111, 112, and 113, a hole transport region 120, corresponding emission layers 131, 132, and 133, an electron transport region 140, and a counter electrode 150. The distance between the front surface (i.e., the surface facing the counter electrode 150) of each pixel electrode among the pixel electrodes 111, 112, and 113 included in the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region and the bottom surface (i.e., the surface in the direction facing the pixel electrodes 111, 112, and 113) of the counter electrode 150 is defined as the resonance distance (Lc), and Lc can be calculated using Equation 1 below:

[0097] Equation 1

[0098]

[0099] In Equation 1, Nc represents the effective refractive index of the resonance structure, λ represents the wavelength of the light to be resonated, and k represents the resonance order. The resonance structure may include all the organic layers between the counter electrode 150 and the pixel electrodes 111, 112, and 113.

[0100] A first-order resonance structure is a structure in which the resonance distance corresponds to the first-order resonance distance of the wavelength of the light emitted from the organic light-emitting device, and in this case, k in Equation 1 is 1. A second-order resonance structure is a structure in which the resonance distance corresponds to the second-order resonance distance of the wavelength of the light emitted from the organic light-emitting device, and in this case, k in Equation 1 is 2.

[0101] Since each of the first color light and the second color light is emitted in a first-order resonance mode and the third color light is emitted in a first-order resonance mode or a second-order resonance mode, the intermediate layer can be made thinner. Therefore, the amount of material used for the intermediate layer can be reduced. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost of the organic light-emitting device 1 can also be reduced. In addition, as the thickness of the intermediate layer becomes smaller, the organic light-emitting device 1 can have a reduced driving voltage and an increased current efficiency.

[0102] In one embodiment, at least one of the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 may include a plurality of metal particles on its surface. In one embodiment, the plurality of metal particles may include silver (Ag) particles.

[0103] In one embodiment, the hole transport region 120 of the organic light emitting device 1 may include a planarization layer. The planarization layer may surround the side surfaces of the plurality of metal particles, while the upper surfaces of the plurality of metal particles may remain at least partially exposed, and the planarization layer may be in direct contact with the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113.

[0104] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of an organic light emitting device including a planarization layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 3 shown, the planarization layer includes a first region and a second region, wherein the first region is located on the side surfaces of the metal particles while at least partially exposing the upper regions of the metal particles, and the second region is horizontally adjacent to the first region and is located on the surface of the first electrode (e.g., the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113).

[0105] The first region may refer to the region of the planarization layer that surrounds the side surfaces of the metal particles while at least partially exposing the upper regions of the metal particles.

[0106] In one embodiment, the first region may have a curved surface (e.g., a smoothly curved surface).

[0107] Since the planarization layer is not formed on at least a part of the upper regions of the metal particles but is provided to surround the side surfaces of the metal particles, the height difference caused (e.g., generated) by the metal particles can be reduced. In addition, since a portion where the intermediate layer is thinly deposited on the side surfaces of the metal particles is substantially not formed, the generation of electric field vulnerable points can be prevented or reduced.

[0108] The planarization layer may include an amine compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B:

[0109] Formula 1

[0110]

[0111] Formula 2A

[0112]

[0113] Formula 2B

[0114]

[0115] In Formula 1, Formula 2A and Formula 2B,

[0116] L 11 to L 13 、L 211 to L 214 and L 221 to L 226 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0117] a11 to a13, a211 to a214 and a221 to a226 can each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0118] Ar 11 、Ar 12 、Ar 211 and Ar 213 can each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group,

[0119] Ar 13 、Ar 212 and Ar 214 can each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted 9,9'-bifluorenyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted thiophene group,

[0120] Ar 221 to Ar 224 can each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0121] b11 to b13, b211 to b214 and b221 to b224 can each independently be an integer from 1 to 3,

[0122] R 211 、R 212 、R 221 and R 222 can each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amidino group, hydrazino group, hydrazone group, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 )、-N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-B(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 1 ) and -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0123] R 223 and R 224 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 alkyl,

[0124] c211 and c212 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 4,

[0125] c221 and c222 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 3,

[0126] Substituted C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic, substituted C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, substituted fluorenyl group, substituted biphenyl group, substituted naphthyl group, substituted 9,9'-bifluorenyl group, substituted thienyl group, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted C 2 -C 60Alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted C 1 -C 60 At least one substituent selected from among heteroaryl, substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups may be selected from:

[0127] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl and C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0128] All are substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13)、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) selected from at least one of C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl and C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0129] C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups;

[0130] are substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), at least one selected from C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; and

[0131] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), where

[0132] Q 1 to Q 3 、Q 11 to Q 13 、Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31To Q 33 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C-substituted 1 -C 60 alkyl C 6 -C 60 aryl, C-substituted 6 -C 60 aryl C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0133] In one embodiment, in Formula 1, Formula 2A and Formula 2B, a11 to a13, a211 to a214 and a221 to a226 may each be 0.

[0134] In one embodiment, in Formula 1 and Formula 2A, Ar 11 , Ar 12 , Ar 211 and Ar 213 may each independently be selected from the groups represented by Formula 3A-1 to Formula 3A-3, and Ar 13 , Ar 212 and Ar 214 may each independently be selected from the groups represented by Formula 3B-1 and Formula 3B-2:

[0135]

[0136] In Formula 3A-1 to Formula 3A-3, Formula 3B-1 and Formula 3B-2,

[0137] R 31 to R 36may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, spirofluorobenzo[9,10]fluorene, benzo[9,10]fluorene, dibenzo[9,10]fluorene, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzosilolyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) and -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),

[0138] c31 may be an integer from 1 to 3,

[0139] c32 may be an integer from 1 to 4,

[0140] c33 may be an integer from 1 to 5,

[0141] c34 may be an integer from 1 to 7,

[0142] Q 31 to Q 33 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, aryl substituted with C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group and terphenyl, and

[0143] * represents the bonding position to the adjacent atom.

[0144] In one embodiment, in Formula 1 and Formula 2A, Ar 11 , Ar 12 , Ar 211 and Ar 213 may each independently be selected from the groups represented by Formulae 3A-11 to 3A-19, and Ar 13 , Ar 212 and Ar 214 may each independently be selected from the groups represented by Formulae 3B-11 to 3B-16:

[0145]

[0146] In Formulae 3A-11 to 3A-19 and Formulae 3B-11 to 3B-16,

[0147] R 31 to R 36 and c31 to c34 can each be understood by reference to their respective descriptions presented herein, and

[0148] * represents a bonding position to an adjacent atom.

[0149] In one embodiment, in Formula 2B, R 223 and R 224 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 20 alkyl.

[0150] In one embodiment, Formula 2B may be represented by Formula 2B-1:

[0151] Formula 2B-1

[0152]

[0153] In Formula 2B-1,

[0154] R 221 to R 224 , c221 and c222 can each be understood by reference to their respective descriptions presented in conjunction with Formula 2B,

[0155] Z 221 to Z 224 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, spirofluorobenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzosilolyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) and -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),

[0156] d221 to d224 can each independently be an integer from 1 to 5, and

[0157] Q 31 to Q 33 can each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 alkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and terphenyl.

[0158] For example, R 223 and R 224 in Formula 2B-1 can each independently be substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 20 alkyl.

[0159] In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 2A or Formula 2B can have a symmetric structure.

[0160] In one embodiment, the amine compound can be the following compound, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0161]

[0162] The amine compound represented by Formula 1 or Formula 2A can have high crystallinity by including a substituent capable of improving crystallinity in any one of Ar 11 to Ar 13 and Ar 211 to Ar 214 and having high crystallinity.

[0163] The amine compound represented by Formula 2B can have high crystallinity by including an alkyl group having 6 or more and 60 or less carbon atoms at the 9-position carbon of fluorene.

[0164] The amine compound has a low affinity with the metal materials used for the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113. For example, in the amine compound, since the affinity between organic molecules is greater than the affinity between organic molecules and the metal material, the organic molecules of the planarization layer can be deposited on the side surfaces of the metal particles, rather than on the upper surfaces of the metal particles. However, the mechanism by which the amine compound is deposited on the side surfaces of the metal particles is not limited to this.

[0165] The affinity between the amine compound and the metal materials used for the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 can be confirmed as follows: For example, after depositing an organic film of the amine compound on a metal film formed of the metal material, the surface topography is observed with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Since the intermolecular attraction of the amine compound is greater than the affinity between the amine compound and the metal material, more self-aggregation patterns of the organic film appear in the AFM image.

[0166] Figure 4 Shows the deposition of the TPAC compound of the comparative example and the HIL-1 compound of the example on a silver (Ag) film having a thickness, respectively, as and thickness to prepare AFM images of the organic films. In Figure 4 , it was confirmed that the organic film on which the compound of the example was deposited showed more self-aggregation patterns and greater surface roughness compared to the organic film on which the compound of the comparative example was deposited.

[0167] The amine compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B can have a crystallization peak with a noise peak ratio of 1.75 or greater in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.

[0168] The XRD spectrum of the amine compound can be measured as follows: Depositing the amine compound on a metal film having a thickness as The thickness is then scanned in a θ-2θ (θ / 2θ) mode. The metal film can be, for example, a silver (Ag) film.

[0169] When the amine compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A or Formula 2B has a crystallization peak with a noise peak ratio of 1.75 or greater in the XRD spectrum and is used for the planarization layer, the amine compound can be deposited on the side surfaces of the metal particles, but not on the upper surfaces of the metal particles.

[0170] Figure 5 A graph showing 2θ in the XRD spectrum in the range of 2.5° to 5° is shown. The XRD spectrum was measured in a θ / 2θ mode after depositing the compound of the comparative example and the compound of the example on an Ag film with a thickness of of thickness After the thickness of Figure 5 In, the compound of the example showed a peak at about 3.5° at 2θ, while the compound of the comparative example did not show a peak. The peak at 3.5° at 2θ expected to appear in the compound of the example is a crystallization peak caused by aggregation, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. That is, it was confirmed that the compound of the example has high crystallinity and low affinity with Ag compared to the compound of the comparative example.

[0171] In one embodiment, the metal particles can be Ag particles, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first electrode can be an electrode having a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, and the metal particles can be Ag particles, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0172] The metal particles can be spherical or ellipsoidal, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the metal particles can have any suitable shape.

[0173] When the metal particles are spherical, the diameter of the metal particles can be in the range of about 50 nm to about 100 nm. When the metal particles are ellipsoidal, the minor axis of the metal particles can be in the range of about 50 nm to about 100 nm.

[0174] Since the planarization layer is formed on the side surfaces of the metal particles, rather than on the upper surfaces of the metal particles, the thickness of the planarization layer can be less than or equal to the maximum vertical length of the metal particles from the anode surface. For example, the thickness of the planarization layer can be in the range of about to about The thickness of the planarization layer can be the thickness of the second region.

[0175] In one embodiment, a first distance L between a surface of a first pair of electrode regions (of the counter electrode 150) facing the first pixel electrode 111 and a surface of the first pixel electrode 111 facing the first pair of electrode regions 1 may correspond to a first-order resonance distance of a first color light, and a second distance L between a surface of a second pair of electrode regions facing the second pixel electrode 112 and a surface of the second pixel electrode 112 facing the second pair of electrode regions 2 may correspond to a first-order resonance distance of a second color light, and a third distance L between a surface of a third pair of electrode regions facing the third pixel electrode 113 and a surface of the third pixel electrode 113 facing the third pair of electrode regions 3 may correspond to a first-order resonance distance or a second-order resonance distance of a third color light.

[0176] In one or more embodiments, L 1 、L 2 and L 3 may each satisfy Equation 1 to Equation 3, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0177] Equation 1

[0178] L 1 =λ 1 / 2N 1

[0179] Equation 2

[0180] L 2 =λ 2 / 2N 2

[0181] Equation 3

[0182] L 3 =λ 3 / 2N 3 ×n.

[0183] In Equations 1 to 3,

[0184] L 1 represents the distance between the first pixel electrode and the counter electrode;

[0185] L 2 represents the distance between the second pixel electrode and the counter electrode;

[0186] L 3 represents the distance between the third pixel electrode and the counter electrode;

[0187] λ 1 represents the maximum emission wavelength of the first color light;

[0188] λ 2Represents the maximum emission wavelength of the second color light;

[0189] λ 3 Represents the maximum emission wavelength of the third color light;

[0190] N 1 Represents the refractive index of the intermediate layer between the first pixel electrode and the counter electrode;

[0191] N 2 Represents the refractive index of the intermediate layer between the second pixel electrode and the counter electrode;

[0192] N 3 Represents the refractive index of the intermediate layer between the third pixel electrode and the counter electrode; and

[0193] n is 1 or 2.

[0194] In one embodiment, the third color light can be emitted in a first-order resonance mode, and in this case, L 1 can be in the range of about to about of L 2 can be in the range of about to about of L 3 can be in the range of about to about of the range.

[0195] In one or more embodiments, the third color light can be emitted in a second-order resonance mode, and in this case, L 1 can be in the range of about to about of L 2 can be in the range of about to about of L 3 can be in the range of about to about of the range.

[0196] Hereinafter, each layer included in the intermediate layer of the organic light-emitting device 1 will be described in more detail.

[0197] The hole transport region 120 can have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0198] The hole transport region 120 can include at least one layer selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assisting layer, and an electron blocking layer.

[0199] The hole transport region 120 may include a planarization layer in direct contact with the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113. The planarization layer may be a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer.

[0200] For example, the hole transport region 120 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The single-layer structure includes a single layer containing a variety of different materials, and the multi-layer structure has a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission assist layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission assist layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission assist layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure. For each structure, the constituent layers are sequentially stacked in the stated order from the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0201] The hole transport region 120 may include at least one selected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4’,4”-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), and polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS):

[0202]

[0203]

[0204] In one embodiment, the intermediate layer may further include a first resonance control layer 141 located between the first pixel electrode 111 and the first emission layer 131, a second resonance control layer 142 located between the second pixel electrode 112 and the second emission layer 132, and / or a third resonance control layer 143 located between the third pixel electrode 113 and the third emission layer 133.

[0205] In one embodiment, the organic light-emitting device 1 may have a structure in which each of the first emission region and the second emission region has a first-order resonance structure, and the third emission region has a first-order resonance structure or a second-order resonance structure, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. For example, when each of the first emission region to the third emission region has a first-order resonance structure, the resonance control layers 141, 142, and / or 143 may have a small thickness. Therefore, the use of materials for the resonance control layers 141, 142, and / or 143 can be saved (reduced).

[0206] Each of the first resonance control layer 141, the second resonance control layer 142, and the third resonance control layer 143 may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0207] Each of the first resonance control layer 141, the second resonance control layer 142, and the third resonance control layer 143 may include any one of the above hole-transporting materials for the hole-transporting region 120.

[0208] Each of the first resonance control layer 141, the second resonance control layer 142, and the third resonance control layer 143 may be set to appropriately (or suitably) control L 1 、L 2 and L 3 .

[0209] The emission layers 131, 132, and 133 may each include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include at least one selected from a phosphorescent dopant and a fluorescent dopant.

[0210] Based on 100 parts by weight of the host, the amount of the dopant in each of the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 may be in the range of about 0.01 part by weight to about 15 parts by weight, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0211] The thicknesses of the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 may each independently be in the range of about to about , for example, in the range of about to about . When the thicknesses of the emission layers 131, 132, and 133 are within any of the above ranges, excellent (or suitable) light-emitting characteristics may be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0212] The host may be 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq 3) 4,4',4”-tris(carbazol-9-yl)-triphenylamine (TCTA) and / or 2,2′,2"-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi), etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0213] The first emission layer 131 may include PtOEP, Ir(piq) 3 , Btp 2 Ir(acac), Ir(piq) 2 (acac), Ir(2-phq) 2 (acac), Ir(2-phq) 3 , Ir(flq) 2 (acac), Ir(fliq) 2 (acac), DCM, DCJTB, tris(dibenzoylmethyl) europium phenanthroline (PBD: Eu(DBM) 3 (Phen)) and / or perylene derivatives, etc. as dopants, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] The second emission layer 132 may include tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium (Ir(ppy) 3 ), bis(2-phenylpyridine)(acetylacetonate) iridium(III) (Ir(ppy) 2 (acac)), tris(2-(4-methylphenyl)phenylpyridine) iridium (Ir(mppy) 3 ) and / or 10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H,11H-[1]benzopyrano[6,7,8-ij]-quinazolin-11-one (C545T), etc. as dopants, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] The third emission layer 133 may include 4,6-F 2 Irpic, (F 2 ppy) 2 Ir(tmd), Ir(dfppz) 3, PD1 to PD9, fluorene, 4,4'-bis(4-diphenylaminostyryl)biphenyl (DPAVBi), DPVBi, 2,5,8,11-tetra-tert-butylperylene (TBPe), divinylbenzene (DSB), distyryl-arylene (DSA), polyfluorene (PFO) polymers and / or poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) polymers, etc. as dopants, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0220]

[0221]

[0222] In some embodiments, the intermediate layer may further include an electron transport region 140 between the counter electrode 150 and the emission layers 131, 132, and 133.

[0223] The electron transport region 140 may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0224] The electron transport region 140 may include at least one layer selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0225] For example, the electron transport region 140 may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, where for each structure, the constituent layers are sequentially stacked in the stated order from the emission layers 131, 132, and 133. However, the embodiments of the structure of the electron transport region 140 are not limited thereto.

[0226] The electron transport region 140 may include at least one compound selected from 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq 3 , BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), and 4-(naphthalen-1-yl)-3,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NTAZ):

[0227]

[0228] The thicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and the electron control layer may all independently be approximately to about in the range of, for example, from about to about When the thickness of the buffer layer, hole-blocking layer or electron control layer is within any of the above ranges, excellent (or suitable) hole-blocking characteristics and / or excellent (or suitable) electron control characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0229] The thickness of the electron transport layer can be in the range of about to about in the range of, for example, from about to about When the thickness of the electron transport layer is within any of the above ranges, the electron transport layer can have satisfactory (or suitable) electron transport characteristics without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0230] In addition to the materials described above, the electron transport region 140 (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region 140) may further include a metal-containing material.

[0231] The metal-containing material may include at least one selected from alkali metal complexes and alkaline earth metal complexes. The alkali metal complex may include metal ions selected from Li ions, Na ions, K ions, Rb ions, and Cs ions; the alkaline earth metal complex may include metal ions selected from Be ions, Mg ions, Ca ions, Sr ions, and Ba ions. The ligands coordinated with the metal ions of the alkali metal complex or alkaline earth metal complex may each independently be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, and cyclopentadiene, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0232] For example, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (lithium 8-hydroxyquinoline, LiQ) and / or compound ET-D2:

[0233]

[0234] The electron transport region 140 may include an electron injection layer that promotes electron injection from the counter electrode 150. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the counter electrode 150.

[0235] The electron injection layer may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer containing a plurality of different materials; or iii) a multilayer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0236] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0237] The alkali metal may be selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In one embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In one or more embodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0238] The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

[0239] The rare earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and Gd.

[0240] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may each independently be selected from oxides and halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides) of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals.

[0241] The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides (such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and / or K 2 O) and alkali metal halides (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI). In one embodiment, the alkali metal compound may be selected from LiF, Li 2 O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0242] The alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from alkaline earth metal oxides (such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (0 < x < 1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-x O (0 < x < 1)). In one embodiment, the alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0243] The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF 3 、ScF 3 、Sc 2 O 3 、Y 2 O 3 、Ce 2 O 3 、GdF 3 and TbF3 In one embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF 3 , ScF 3 , TbF 3 , YbI 3 , ScI 3 and TbI 3 , but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0244] The alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex and rare earth metal complex may respectively include ions of the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal as described above, and the ligands coordinated with the metal ions of the alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex or rare earth metal complex may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline and cyclopentadiene, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0245] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal compound, alkaline earth metal compound, rare earth metal compound, alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, rare earth metal complex or any combination thereof as described above (for example, it may be composed of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal compound, alkaline earth metal compound, rare earth metal compound, alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, rare earth metal complex or any combination thereof as described above). In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include an organic material. When the electron injection layer further includes an organic material, the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal compound, alkaline earth metal compound, rare earth metal compound, alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, rare earth metal complex or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the matrix including the organic material.

[0246] The thickness of the electron injection layer may be in the range of about to about , for example, in the range of about to about . When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within any of the ranges described above, satisfactory (or appropriate) electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0247] Each layer included in the intermediate layer may be formed in a specific area by using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing and laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI).

[0248] When forming a layer included in the intermediate layer by vacuum deposition, by considering the material included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed, vacuum deposition can be performed at a deposition temperature of about 100 °C to about 500 °C, a degree of vacuum of about 10 -8 Torr to about 10 -3 Torr, and a deposition rate of about to about .

[0249] When forming a layer included in the intermediate layer by spin coating, by considering the material included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed, spin coating can be performed at a coating rate of about 2000 rpm to about 5000 rpm and at a heat treatment temperature of about 80 °C to about 200 °C.

[0250] Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 2B to FIG. 2E , the structure of each of the organic light emitting devices 2, 3, 4, and 5 will be described in more detail with respect to the differences from Figure 2A . The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same elements in the above embodiments.

[0251] FIG. 2B to FIG. 2E description

[0252] In the organic light emitting devices 2, 3, 4, and 5 according to one or more embodiments, the second emission layer 132 may be provided to cover all of the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region. In one embodiment, each of the organic light emitting devices 2, 3, 4, and 5 may not include the second resonance control layer 142 between the second pixel electrode 112 and the second emission layer 132. In one embodiment, not shown in FIG. 2B to FIG. 2E , each of the organic light emitting devices 2, 3, 4, and 5 may further include the second resonance control layer 142.

[0253] When the second emission layer 132 covers all of the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region, the number of masks required to manufacture the organic light emitting devices 2, 3, 4, and 5 can be reduced.

[0254] In the organic light emitting device 2, the second emission layer 132 may include a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer 131 and the first pixel electrode 111, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer 133 and the third pixel electrode 113.

[0255] In the organic light-emitting device 3, the second emission layer 132 may include a first portion corresponding to a first emission region, a second portion corresponding to a second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to a third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer 131 and the counter electrode 150, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer 133 and the counter electrode 150.

[0256] In the organic light-emitting device 4, the second emission layer 132 may include a first portion corresponding to a first emission region, a second portion corresponding to a second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to a third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer 131 and the first pixel electrode 111, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer 133 and the counter electrode 150.

[0257] In the organic light-emitting device 5, the second emission layer 132 may include a first portion corresponding to a first emission region, a second portion corresponding to a second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to a third emission region, wherein the first portion may be located between the first emission layer 131 and the counter electrode 150, and the third portion may be located between the third emission layer 133 and the third pixel electrode 113.

[0258] Device

[0259] The organic light-emitting devices 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 may be included in various suitable devices.

[0260] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a device includes: a thin-film transistor including a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and the organic light-emitting device 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the first pixel electrode 111, the second pixel electrode 112, and the third pixel electrode 113 of the organic light-emitting device 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 may be electrically connected to one selected from the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin-film transistor.

[0261] The thin-film transistor may further include a gate electrode and / or a gate insulating layer, etc.

[0262] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, an organic semiconductor, and / or an oxide semiconductor, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0263] The device may further include a sealing portion for sealing the organic light-emitting device 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. The sealing portion may be capable of realizing an image from the organic light-emitting device 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and may prevent or reduce the penetration of external air and / or moisture into the organic light-emitting device 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin-film encapsulation layer including a plurality of organic layers and / or a plurality of inorganic layers. When the sealing portion is a thin-film encapsulation layer, the device may be completely flexible.

[0264] For example, the device can be a light-emitting device, an authentication device, and / or an electronic device.

[0265] The light-emitting device can be used in various suitable displays and / or light sources, etc.

[0266] The authentication device can be, for example, a biometric authentication device for authenticating an individual by using biometric information of a biometric body (e.g., fingertip and / or pupil, etc.). In addition to the organic light-emitting devices 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, the authentication device can also include a biometric information collector.

[0267] The electronic device can be applied to a personal computer (e.g., a mobile personal computer), a mobile phone, a digital camera, an electronic notepad, an electronic dictionary, an electronic game console, a medical device (e.g., an electronic thermometer, a sphygmomanometer, a blood glucose meter, a pulse measurement device, a pulse wave measurement device, an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor, an ultrasonic diagnostic device, and / or an endoscope monitor), a fish finder, various measuring instruments, meters (e.g., meters for vehicles, aircraft, and / or ships), and / or a projector, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0268] General definition of substituents

[0269] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 alkyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched-chain aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 alkylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 1 -C 60 alkyl.

[0270] As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 alkenyl" refers to a hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle and / or at either end of C 2 -C 60 alkyl, and non-limiting examples thereof include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl. As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 alkenylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 2 -C 60 alkenyl.

[0271] As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 alkynyl" refers to a group in C 2 -C 60A hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at the middle and / or any one end of the alkyl group, non-limiting examples of which include ethynyl and propynyl. As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 alkynylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 2 -C 60 alkynyl.

[0272] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 alkoxy" refers to a monovalent group represented by -OA 101 (wherein A 101 is C 1 -C 60 alkyl), non-limiting examples of which include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0273] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, non-limiting examples of which include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl. As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 cycloalkylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl.

[0274] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as ring-forming atoms and 1 to 10 carbon atoms as the remaining ring-forming atoms, non-limiting examples of which include 1,2,3,4-oxadiazolyl, tetrahydrofuryl, and tetrahydrothienyl. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl.

[0275] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 ring-forming carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond and not having aromaticity, non-limiting examples of which include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl.

[0276] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 heterocyclenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having, in its ring, at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as ring-forming atoms, 1 to 10 carbon atoms as the remaining ring-forming atoms, and at least one double bond. C 1 -C 10 Non-limiting examples of C 1 -C 10 heterocyclenyl include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothienyl. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 heterocyclenylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C

[0277] As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system including 6 to 60 carbon atoms. C 6 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of aryl include phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, and yl. The term "C 6 -C 60 arylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 6 -C 60 aryl. When both C 6 -C 60 aryl and C 6 -C 60 arylene independently include two or more rings, the corresponding two or more rings may be fused to each other.

[0278] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having a heteroaromatic system having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as ring-forming atoms in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms as the remaining ring-forming atoms. As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl. C 1 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, and isoquinolinyl. When C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl and C1 -C 60 When a heteroarylene independently includes two or more rings, the corresponding two or more rings may be fused to each other (e.g., condensed).

[0279] As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 aryloxy" refers to a group represented by -OA 102 (wherein A 102 is C 6 -C 60 aryl), and the term "C 6 -C 60 arylthio" as used herein refers to a group represented by -SA 103 (wherein A 103 is C 6 -C 60 aryl).

[0280] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, with only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms (e.g., 8 to 60 carbon atoms) and not having aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the overall molecular structure is non-aromatic). Non-limiting examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups are 9,10-dihydroanthracenyl. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0281] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, with at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as ring-forming atoms in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms) and not having aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the overall molecular structure is non-aromatic). Non-limiting examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups are 9,9-dihydroacridinyl. As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0282] As used herein, the term "C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, wherein the ring-forming atoms are only carbon atoms. As used herein, C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group refers to an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group may be a ring (such as benzene), a monovalent group (such as phenyl), or a divalent group (such as phenylene). In one or more embodiments, depending on the connection to C5 -C 60 The number of substituents of the carbocyclic group, C 5 -C 60 The carbocyclic group can be a trivalent group or a tetravalent group.

[0283] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group" means: a group having the same structure as the C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group, except that at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S (the number of carbon atoms can range from 1 to 60) is used as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon.

[0284] In this specification, at least one substituent in the substituted C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group can be selected from:

[0285] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amidino group, hydrazino group, hydrazone group, C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, and C1 -C 60 alkoxy;

[0286] each is substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) of C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl and C 1 -C 60 alkoxy;

[0287] C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group;

[0288] All are substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) selected from at least one of C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups; and

[0289] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),and

[0290] Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups, biphenyl groups and terphenyl groups.

[0291] The term "Ph" as used herein refers to phenyl, the term "Me" as used herein refers to methyl, the term "Et" as used herein refers to ethyl, the term "tert-Bu" or "Bu" as used herein refers to ethyl. t ” refers to tert-butyl, the term “OMe” as used herein refers to methoxy, and “D” may refer to deuterium.

[0292] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" means "phenyl substituted with phenyl". For example, "biphenyl" can be described as "substituted phenyl" having " 6 -C 60 aryl" as a substituent.

[0293] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" means "phenyl substituted with biphenyl". For example, "terphenyl" can be described as "substituted phenyl" having "substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl of C 6 -C 60 aryl" as a substituent.

[0294] Unless otherwise defined, both * and *' as used herein refer to the bonding positions to adjacent atoms in the corresponding formula.

[0295] Hereinafter, the compounds according to the embodiments and the organic light-emitting devices according to the embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to synthesis examples and examples. The phrase "using B instead of A" used in the synthesis examples means using the same molar equivalent of B instead of A.

[0296] Examples

[0297] Example 1

[0298] A TFT is formed on a glass substrate, a planarization film is formed on the TFT by using a polyimide resin, and then a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO as an anode is patterned thereon to a thickness of 7 nm / 100 nm / 7 nm, thereby forming a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, and a third pixel electrode.

[0299] Then, compound HIL-1 is formed on the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode to a thickness of to form a planarization layer (here, a hole injection layer).

[0300] Compound HIL-1

[0301]

[0302] On the hole injection layer, TCTA is deposited in the region defined by the first pixel electrode to a thickness of to form a red emission assisting layer. Then, on the red emission assisting layer, p-TPATHZ as a host and Ir(piq) 3 are co-deposited at a volume ratio of 100:4 to a thickness of to form a red emission layer.

[0303] On the hole injection layer, TPD is deposited in a region defined by the second pixel electrode to a thickness of to form a green emission assisting layer. Then, on the green emission assisting layer, m-CF-PhCz as a host and Ir(ppy) 2 (acac) are co-deposited at a volume ratio of 100:8 to a thickness of to form a green emission layer.

[0304] On the hole injection layer, in a region defined by the third pixel electrode, mCBP as a host and 3-DPADBC as a blue dopant are co-deposited at a volume ratio of 100:3 to a thickness of to form a blue emission layer.

[0305] On the red emission layer, green emission layer, and blue emission layer, TPBi is deposited to a thickness of to form a buffer layer. Then, on the buffer layer, PBD and LiQ are co-deposited at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form an electron transport layer having a thickness of Then, AgMg is deposited on the electron transport layer to form a counter electrode (here, a cathode) having a thickness of and α-NPD is deposited on the counter electrode to a thickness of to form a capping layer, thus completing the fabrication of the organic light-emitting device.

[0306]

[0307] Comparative Example 1

[0308] An organic light-emitting device is fabricated in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that TPAC is used instead of compound HIL-1 when forming the hole injection layer.

[0309]

[0310] Evaluation example

[0311] Regarding the organic light-emitting devices fabricated according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the average number of dark spots is observed by an autovisual inspection (AVI) and with the naked eye, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0312] Table 1

[0313]

[0314] Referring to Table 1, it is confirmed that the organic light-emitting device of Example 1 shows a significantly reduced number of defective black dots compared to the organic light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1.

[0315] According to one or more embodiments, the organic light-emitting device may have improved characteristics in terms of the defect of black dots.

[0316] As used herein, the term "use" and its variants may be considered to be synonymous with the term "utilize" and its variants, respectively.

[0317] Furthermore, the terms "substantially", "about" and similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent deviations of measured or calculated values that would be recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art.

[0318] In addition, any numerical range stated herein is intended to include all sub-ranges of the same numerical precision contained within the stated range. For example, the range "1.0 to 10.0" is intended to include all sub-ranges between the stated minimum value of 1.0 and the stated maximum value of 10.0 (and including the stated minimum value of 1.0 and the stated maximum value of 10.0), that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitation stated herein is intended to include all lower numerical limitations contained therein, and any minimum numerical limitation stated in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limitations contained therein. Accordingly, the applicant reserves the right to modify this specification (including the claims) to expressly state any sub-ranges contained within the ranges expressly stated herein.

[0319] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered only in a descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. The description of a feature or aspect within each embodiment is generally considered applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic light-emitting device, the organic light-emitting device comprising: a first pixel electrode in a first emission region, a second pixel electrode in a second emission region, and a third pixel electrode in a third emission region; a counter electrode facing each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode; and an intermediate layer located between the counter electrode and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode, wherein the intermediate layer includes an emission layer and a hole transport region located between the emission layer and each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode, the emission layer includes: a first emission layer arranged to correspond to the first emission region and emit first-color light; a second emission layer arranged to correspond to the second emission region or to all of the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region and emit second-color light; and a third emission layer arranged to correspond to the third emission region and emit third-color light, wherein each of the maximum emission wavelengths of the first-color light and the second-color light is longer than the maximum emission wavelength of the third-color light, the first-color light and the second-color light are emitted in a first-order resonance mode, and the third-color light is emitted in a first-order resonance mode or a second-order resonance mode, and the hole transport region includes a planarization layer, wherein the planarization layer includes an amine compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2A, or Formula 2B, and the amine compound has a crystal peak in an X-ray diffraction spectrum, and the crystal peak has a noise peak ratio of 1.75 or greater: Formula 1 Formula 2A Formula 2B wherein, in Formula 1, Formula 2A, and Formula 2B, L 11 to L 13 、L 211 to L 214 and L 221 to L 226 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, a11 to a13, a211 to a214, and a221 to a226 are each independently an integer from 0 to 3, Ar 11 、Ar 12 、Ar 211 and Ar 213 are each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl, substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl, and substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, Ar 13 selected from substituted or unsubstituted 9,9'-bifluorenyl and substituted or unsubstituted thienyl, Ar 212 and Ar 214 are each independently selected from the groups represented by Formula 3B-1 and Formula 3B-2: wherein, in Formula 3B-1 and Formula 3B-2, R 31 to R 36 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, spirofluorobenzo[a]fluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a,h]fluorene, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzosilolyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) and -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), c31 is an integer from 1 to 3, c32 is an integer from 1 to 4, Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 alkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 1 -C 20 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, and terphenyl, and * represents a bonding position with an adjacent atom, Ar 221 to Ar 224 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, b11 to b13, b211 to b214, and b221 to b224 are each independently an integer from 1 to 3, R 211 , R 212 , R 221 and R 222 are independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphate or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 )、-N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-B(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 1 ) and -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ), R 223 and R 224 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 alkyl c211 and c212 are each independently an integer from 1 to 4, c221 and c222 are each independently an integer from 1 to 3, The substituted C 5 -C 60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group, the substituted fluorenyl group, the substituted biphenyl group, the substituted naphthyl group, the substituted 9,9'-bifluorenyl group, the substituted thiophenyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, at least one substituent of the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is selected from: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl and C 1 -C 60 alkoxy; All are substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=O)(Q 11 ), -S(=O) 2 (Q 11 ), and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), and at least one selected from C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, and C 1 -C 60 alkoxy; C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group; All are substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) of C selected from at least one of 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group; and -If(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 )和-P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and also Q 1 to Q 3 and Q 11 to Q 13 and Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, aryl substituted with C 1 -C 60 alkyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, aryl substituted with C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl and terphenyl.

2. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, at least one of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode includes a plurality of metal particles on its surface, and the planarization layer surrounds side surfaces of the plurality of metal particles and at least partially exposes upper regions of the plurality of metal particles, and the planarization layer is in direct contact with the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode.

3. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 2, wherein, the planarization layer includes: a first region surrounding the side surfaces of the plurality of metal particles and at least partially exposing the upper regions of the plurality of metal particles; and A second region, horizontally adjacent to the first region, is located on the surfaces of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode.

4. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 2, wherein, the plurality of metal particles include silver particles.

5. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, The planarization layer has a thickness in the range of to .

6. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, In Formulas 1 and 2A, Ar 11 、Ar 12 、Ar 211 and Ar 213 are each independently selected from the groups represented by Formulas 3A-1 to 3A-3, and Ar 13 is selected from the groups represented by Formulas 3B-1 and 3B-2: wherein, in Formulae 3A-1 to 3A-3, Formulae 3B-1, and Formulae 3B-2, R 31 to R 36 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, spirofluorobenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, benzo[9,10]fluorenyl, dibenzo[9,10]fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzosilolyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ) and -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), c31 is an integer from 1 to 3, c32 is an integer from 1 to 4, c33 is an integer from 1 to 5, c34 is an integer from 1 to 7, Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 -aryl, C 1 -C 20 -aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 -aryl, C 6 -C 20 -aryl substituted with C 6 -C 20 -aryl, C 1 -C 20 -heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group and terphenyl, and * represents a bonding position with an adjacent atom.

7. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the counter electrode includes a first counter electrode region corresponding to the first emission region, a second counter electrode region corresponding to the second emission region, and a third counter electrode region corresponding to the third emission region, a first distance between a surface of the first counter electrode region facing the first pixel electrode and a surface of the first pixel electrode facing the first counter electrode region corresponds to a first-order resonance distance of the first color light, a second distance between a surface of the second counter electrode region facing the second pixel electrode and a surface of the second pixel electrode facing the second counter electrode region corresponds to a first-order resonance distance of the second color light, and a third distance between a surface of the third counter electrode region facing the third pixel electrode and a surface of the third pixel electrode facing the third counter electrode region corresponds to a first-order resonance distance or a second-order resonance distance of the third color light.

8. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 7, wherein, the third color light is emitted in the first-order resonance mode, The first distance is within to range. The second distance is within to and The third distance is within to .

9. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 7, wherein, the third color light is emitted in the second-order resonance mode, The first distance is within to range. The second distance is within to and The third distance is within to .

10. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the first color light is red light, the second color light is green light, and the third color light is blue light.

11. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the intermediate layer further includes at least one selected from the following: a first resonance control layer, located between the first pixel electrode and the first emission layer, a second resonance control layer, located between the second pixel electrode and the second emission layer, and a third resonance control layer, located between the third pixel electrode and the third emission layer.

12. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode are all anodes, and the counter electrode is a cathode, the anode is a reflective electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode, and the cathode is a transmissive electrode.

13. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode are all anodes, the counter electrode is a cathode, the anode is a transmissive electrode, and the cathode is a reflective electrode or a semi-transmissive electrode.

14. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the second emission layer is arranged to correspond to all of the emission regions among the first emission region, the second emission region, and the third emission region.

15. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein, the second emission layer includes a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, the first portion is located between the first emission layer and the first pixel electrode, and the third portion is located between the third emission layer and the third pixel electrode.

16. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein, the second emission layer includes a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, the first portion is located between the first emission layer and the counter electrode, and the third portion is located between the third emission layer and the counter electrode.

17. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein, the second emission layer includes a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, the first portion is located between the first emission layer and the first pixel electrode, and the third portion is located between the third emission layer and the counter electrode.

18. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein, the second emission layer includes a first portion corresponding to the first emission region, a second portion corresponding to the second emission region, and a third portion corresponding to the third emission region, the first portion is located between the first emission layer and the counter electrode, and the third portion is located between the third emission layer and the third pixel electrode.

19. The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, the intermediate layer further includes an electron transport region located between the emission layer and the counter electrode.

20. A device, the device comprising: a thin-film transistor including a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and the organic light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode of the organic light-emitting device are electrically connected to one selected from the source electrode and the drain electrode.

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