A modification component for tibial plateau osteotomy surface

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a modification component for a tibial plateau osteotomy surface. The modification component includes a drilling drill, a positioning guide, and an osteotome. The contour of the osteotomy surface limit plate of the positioning guide matches the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the inner side of the bone side limit plate of the positioning guide fits one of the side surfaces of the tibia, the positioning guide is used to achieve positioning in at least two directions of the tibia, the drilling is achieved through the cooperation of the drilling drill and the positioning guide, and the cutting of long holes is achieved through the cooperation of the osteotome and the positioning guide. During the entire modification process, the positioning guide only needs to be installed once until the modification of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface is completed. During the entire modification process, the modification reference is fixed to make the positioning more accurate, and the operation is simple and convenient, which can assist in achieving accurate positioning and installation of the tibial support prosthesis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a modification component for a tibial plateau osteotomy surface. Background Art

[0002] The osteotomy on the tibial side of knee replacement surgery is usually divided into two main steps. The first step is to perform a platform osteotomy to obtain the osteotomy surface for installing the tibial tray prosthesis. The second step is to modify the osteotomy surface, which mainly includes drilling holes on the osteotomy surface and removing the bone that interferes with the bottom structure of the tibial tray, so that the tibial tray prosthesis can be smoothly inserted into the tibial medullary cavity.

[0003] The bottom structure of the existing tibial tray prosthesis usually consists of a limit column and two side wings. The limit column is generally cylindrical, and the side wings are located on both sides of the limit column to enhance the mechanical strength of the tibial tray and limit the rotation of the prosthesis after implantation.

[0004] At present, in order to achieve the modification of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface during surgery, modular instruments are usually used in combination with the surgeon's personal experience to complete the modification of the osteotomy surface. This is not only complicated to operate, but also highly dependent on the surgeon's personal experience. In different surgical environments or when facing different recipient populations, the positioning and installation accuracy of the tibial tray prosthesis will vary greatly. When the installation accuracy cannot meet the requirements, it will seriously affect the surgical effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-operate modification component for the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, which can perform modification operations on the tibial plateau osteotomy surface and assist in the precise positioning and installation of the tibial support prosthesis, thereby solving the problems of complex operation and over-reliance on the personal experience of the surgeon in the existing technology.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modification component for a tibial plateau osteotomy surface, comprising a drilling drill bit, and further comprising:

[0009] The positioning guide plate comprises an osteotomy surface limiting plate and a bone side limiting plate, the contour of the osteotomy surface limiting plate matches the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the lower side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate fits and covers the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the osteotomy surface limiting plate is also provided with a guide hole and two long holes that penetrate the osteotomy surface limiting plate, one end of each of the two long holes is connected to the guide hole, and the two long holes are arranged at an angle, a raised guide wall is provided on the upper side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate along the contours of the guide hole and the long hole, a fixing hole for passing a bone screw is also provided on the osteotomy surface limiting plate, one end of the bone side limiting plate is connected to the outer peripheral side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate, and the other end extends to the bottom of the osteotomy surface limiting plate, and the inner side of the bone side limiting plate fits with the inner side of the tibial tubercle; and

[0010] The bone cutter comprises a guide column and two wing cutting plates, the two wing cutting plates are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide column, and the angle between the two wing cutting plates is the same as the angle between the two long holes, and the distance between the upper root of the wing cutting plate and the upper end of the guide column is the same as the distance between the upper side of the raised guide wall and the lower side of the osteotomy surface limit plate;

[0011] The guide hole matches the punching drill bit and the guide column, and can allow the punching drill bit and the guide column to move axially along the guide hole. After the guide column is inserted into the guide hole, the two side cutting plates can be respectively inserted into the two long holes.

[0012] Preferably, the osteotomy surface limiting plate is further provided with a pointing portion, which indicates directions in at least two opposite directions.

[0013] Preferably, the cutting surface of the wing cutting plate has cutting teeth.

[0014] Preferably, the cutting surface of the flank cutting plate is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface gradually moves away from the guide column from bottom to top in the axial direction of the guide column.

[0015] Preferably, a standard connecting block is also provided at the upper end of the guide column.

[0016] Preferably, an axial sliding groove is provided on the inner side of the guide hole and the raised guide wall corresponding to the guide hole, and a sliding block matching the axial sliding groove is provided on the outer peripheral side of the guide column.

[0017] Preferably, the height of the portion of the raised guide wall corresponding to the long hole in the axial direction of the guide hole gradually decreases in the direction from the guide hole to away from the guide hole.

[0018] Preferably, there are three fixing holes, and the three fixing holes are distributed around the periphery of the guide hole.

[0019] Preferably, a screw guide cylinder coaxial with the fixing hole is provided on the upper side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate.

[0020] Preferably, the axis of the guide hole is non-perpendicular to the osteotomy surface limiting plate, so that when the axis of the guide hole is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, there is an inclination angle between the osteotomy surface limiting plate and the horizontal plane; or

[0021] The axis of the guide hole is arranged perpendicularly to the osteotomy surface limiting plate.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects

[0023] The above technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages: the modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface provided by the present invention comprises a punching drill, a positioning guide and an osteotome, the contour of the osteotomy surface limit plate of the positioning guide matches the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the inner side of the bone side limit plate of the positioning guide fits with one of the side surfaces of the tibia, the positioning of the tibia in at least two directions is achieved by the positioning guide, drilling is achieved by the cooperation of the punching drill and the positioning guide, and long hole cutting is achieved by the cooperation of the osteotome and the positioning guide, the positioning guide only needs to be installed once during the entire modification process until the modification of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface is completed, and during the entire modification process, the modification reference is fixed to make the positioning more accurate, and the operation is simple and convenient, which can assist in achieving accurate positioning and installation of the tibial support prosthesis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings of the present invention are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the proportions and quantities of the components in the drawings may not necessarily be consistent with the actual products.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bone cutter and a positioning guide plate in cooperation with each other in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a positioning guide plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view in FIG.

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the middle positioning guide plate;

[0029] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a bone cutter in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-section.

[0031] In the figure: 1: positioning guide plate; 11: osteotomy surface limiting plate; 111: guide hole; 112: long hole; 113: fixing hole; 12: bone side limiting plate; 13: raised guide wall; 14: nail guide cylinder; 15: pointing part; 16: axial slide groove;

[0032] 2: bone cutter; 21: guide column; 22: wing cutting plate; 23: slider; 24: standard connecting block; 25: cavity; 26: discharge hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises a drilling bit, a positioning guide plate 1 and an osteotome 2, wherein in the modification process of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the positioning guide plate 1 mainly plays a role of positioning guidance, and the drilling bit and the osteotome 2 mainly cooperate with the positioning guide plate 1 to perform modification operations.

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the positioning guide plate 1 includes an osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 and a bone side limiting plate 12. The contour of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 matches the osteotomy surface of the tibial plateau, so that the lower side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 can fit and cover the osteotomy surface of the tibial plateau. The osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 is also provided with a guide hole 111 and two long holes 112 that penetrate the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11. Both of the two long holes 112 have one end connected to the guide hole 111, and the two long holes 112 are set at an angle. The positioning guide plate 1 adopts a thin plate structure, and a protruding guide wall 13 is set at the guide hole 111 and the two long holes 112 to increase the length of the guide. The osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 is also provided with a fixing hole 113 for passing a bone screw, one end of the bone side limiting plate 12 is connected to the peripheral side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11, and the other end extends to the bottom of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11, and the inner side of the bone side limiting plate 12 is fitted with the inner side of the tibial tubercle, so as to realize the positioning of the positioning guide plate 11 and the tibia in at least two directions. In some other embodiments, the inner side of the bone side limiting plate can also be arranged to fit the front side, left side or right side of the tibia as needed.

[0036] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the osteotome 2 includes a guide column 21 and two wing cutting plates 22, the two wing cutting plates 22 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide column 21, and the angle between the two wing cutting plates 22 is the same as the angle between the two long holes 112. The distance H between the upper root of the wing cutting plate 22 (where the upper end of the wing cutting plate 22 is connected to the guide column 21) and the upper end of the guide column 21 is the same as the distance h between the upper side of the raised guide wall 13 and the lower side of the osteotomy surface stop plate 11, so as to ensure that the wing cutting plate 22 is fully inserted into the tibial plateau and the insertion depth is just right. For example, if force is applied by directly knocking the guide column 21, the upper end surface of the guide column 21 can be flush with the upper side of the raised guide wall 13.

[0037] In the present embodiment, the positioning guide plate 1 and the osteotome 2 can be obtained by reverse design according to the tibial plateau osteotomy surface data of the person to be installed with the tibial tray prosthesis and the data of the tibial tray prosthesis to be installed, that is, the contour of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 is exactly the same as the shape and size of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface of the person to be installed with the tibial tray prosthesis, and the tibial plateau osteotomy surface can be completely covered. The medial surface of the bone side limiting plate 12 is consistent with the angle, curvature and other changes of the medial surface of the tibial tubercle of the person to be installed with the tibial tray prosthesis. It should be noted that the contour shape of the bone side limiting plate 12 can be determined according to the range of the intact bone surface area of ​​the patient, and does not interfere with the soft tissue. During positioning, it is only necessary to place the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 on the osteotomy surface of the tibial plateau, the contour of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 matches the contour of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, and the lower side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11 fits with the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, and the inner side of the bone side limiting plate 12 fits with the inner side of the tibial tuberosity, so as to realize the positioning of the positioning guide plate 1, and the positioning guide plate 1 can be fixed to the tibial plateau osteotomy surface by passing the bone screw through the fixing hole 113.

[0038] The diameter of the guide post 21 of the osteotome 2 is the same as the diameter of the limiting post of the tibial tray prosthesis, and the shape of the two flank cutting plates 22 and the position and angle between the two flank cutting plates 22 relative to the guide post 21 are the same as the position and angle of the two flanks of the tibial tray prosthesis relative to its limiting post. Of course, the tibial tray prosthesis can also be obtained by reverse design, so that the positioning, installation and installed prosthesis can be personalized and customized, thereby improving the success rate and effect of the operation. The shape of the guide hole 111 and the guide post 21 is determined according to the shape of the limiting post of the tibial tray prosthesis, the size of the drilling drill bit is matched with the size of the guide hole 111, so as to process the required guide hole 111, and the size of the long hole 112 is matched according to the flank of the tibial tray prosthesis, and the specific size and shape are not limited in this embodiment.

[0039] When in use, after the positioning guide plate 1 is positioned and installed on the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the drilling drill bit passes through the guide hole 111 and drills a hole on the tibial plateau osteotomy surface under the limit of the guide hole 111. The drilled hole is the installation hole of the limit column of the tibial support prosthesis, and then the drilling drill bit is taken out, and then see Figure 1 As shown, the guide column 21 of the osteotome 2 is inserted into the guide hole 111, and the two flank cutting plates 22 can be respectively inserted into the two long holes 112, and the guide column 21 can be inserted into the mounting hole. The two flank cutting plates 22 cut two long holes on the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, and the modification of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface is completed. After taking out the bone screw and removing the positioning guide plate 1, the tibial tray prosthesis can be installed. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface has a simple structure, accurate positioning, and convenient operation, and can assist in the precise positioning and installation of the tibial tray prosthesis.

[0040] In order to facilitate the positioning and installation of the positioning guide plate 1, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, a pointing portion 15 is provided on the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11, and the pointing portion 15 indicates directions in at least two relative directions, for example, the front and rear sides at the same time, or the left and right sides at the same time. Preferably, the pointing portion 15 indicates the front and rear sides at the same time. During the installation process of the positioning guide 1, the pointing portion 15 can be used to determine the general direction, and then fine-tuning can be performed according to its shape to achieve precise positioning and installation.

[0041] The pointing portion 15 can be a pointing plate distributed on both sides of the guide hole 111, or a faceted indicating line on both sides of the guide hole 111, or other indicating marks, such as text pointing, which is not limited here. Preferably, a pointing plate structure is adopted to facilitate clear and rapid determination of the direction during surgery. More preferably, the two pointing plates are arranged coplanarly.

[0042] Preferably, the guide column 21 is clearance-matched with the guide hole 111. More preferably, the clearance is 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0043] In order to facilitate the rotation or shaking of the guide column 21 during the guiding process and to assist the positioning of the guide column 21 relative to the guide hole 111, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner side of the guide hole 111 and the protruding guide wall 13 corresponding to the guide hole 111 is provided with an axial slide groove 16, and the outer peripheral side of the guide column 21 is provided with a slider 23 matching the axial slide groove 16. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a sliding block 23 matching the axial sliding groove 16 is provided on the outer circumference of the guide column 21 .

[0044] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in some preferred embodiments, there are cutting teeth on the cutting surface of the wing cutting plate 22. Of course, in some other embodiments, the cutting surface can also be a cutting edge structure.

[0045] In order to facilitate better cutting, the cutting surface of the side cutting plate 22 (the side away from the guide column 21) is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface gradually moves away from the guide column 21 from bottom to top in the axial direction of the guide column 21, so that the side cutting plate 22 is a triangle or a nearly triangle as a whole. When cutting, the cutting starts from the tip first and gradually expands the cutting, making the cutting relatively labor-saving.

[0046] For further savings in material costs, see Figure 1 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the portion of the raised guide wall 13 corresponding to the long hole 112 gradually decreases in height in the axial direction of the guide hole 111 in a direction away from the guide hole 111 .

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, there are three fixing holes 113, and the three fixing holes 113 are distributed around the periphery of the guide hole 111. Preferably, the fixing holes 111 are arranged as follows: Figure 2 Of course, in some other embodiments, the fixing holes 113 may also be two, four, etc., as long as the positioning guide plate 1 is fixed, which is not limited here. Preferably, a screw guide cylinder 14 coaxial with the fixing hole 113 is provided on the upper side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate 11.

[0048] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 As shown, the axis of the guide hole 111 is not perpendicular to the osteotomy surface stop plate 11, so that when the axis of the guide hole 111 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, there is an inclination angle α (corresponding to the posterior tilt angle of the tibial tray prosthesis) between the osteotomy surface stop plate 11 and the horizontal plane 11, so as to be applicable to surgeries where the tibial plateau osteotomy surface is an inclined surface. In another embodiment, the axis of the guide hole 111 is perpendicular to the osteotomy surface stop plate 11, so as to be applicable to surgeries where the tibial plateau osteotomy surface is a flat surface.

[0049] In one embodiment, the upper end of the guide column 21 is provided with a standard connection block 24 for connecting other standardized basic instruments, for example, for connecting a handle, so as to facilitate the operation of applying force, pulling out, etc. In this embodiment, other standardized basic instruments can be used to limit the insertion depth of the guide column 21. For example, the outer diameter of other standardized basic instruments such as the handle is larger than the inner diameter of the raised guide wall 13 corresponding to the guide hole, thereby limiting the axial insertion depth of the guide column 21. At this time, according to the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that the distance between the upper root of the flank cutting plate 22 (the upper end of the flank cutting plate 22 connected to the guide column 21) and the lower end (blocked part) of other standardized basic instruments such as the handle is H, and the distance h between it and the upper side surface of the raised guide wall 13 and the lower side surface of the osteotomy surface limit plate 11 is set to be the same, which can also ensure that the flank cutting plate 22 is fully inserted into the tibial plateau, and at the same time ensure that the insertion depth is just right.

[0050] In one embodiment, the positioning guide plate 1 and the bone cutter 2 are processed by 3D printing technology. Preferably, the guide column 21 has a cavity 25, which can save materials and processing time, and a discharge hole 26 connected to the cavity 25 is provided on the guide column 21 for discharging printing residual (waste) materials. Preferably, the wall thickness of the guide column 21 is 0.5-3mm, and the diameter of the discharge hole 26 is 0.3-4mm.

[0051] Of course, in some other implementations, traditional machining methods may also be used for processing, which is not limited here.

[0052] In one embodiment, the thickness of the osteotomy surface stopper 11 is 1-3 mm, the thickness of the bone side stopper 12 is 0.5-2 mm, the wall thickness of the raised guide wall 13 is 1.2-3 mm, and the height is 5-15 mm. The width of the axial slide groove 16 is 0.3-2 mm, and the depth is 0.2-1 mm.

[0053] It is worth mentioning that the long hole 112 is a hole structure with a long strip-shaped cross section.

[0054] It is also worth mentioning that the upper side, upper end, lower side, lower end, etc. in the present invention, which indicate directions or positional relationships involving up and down, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that the drilling drill bit can be any drilling drill bit in the prior art, so it will not be described in detail in this application.

[0056] It should also be noted that the reverse design and 3D printing technologies involved in this embodiment are both existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. In the absence of a conflict of solutions, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0058] In addition, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents, without causing the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modification component for a tibial plateau osteotomy surface, comprising a drilling drill, characterized in that: Also includes: The positioning guide plate comprises a osteotomy surface limiting plate and a bone side limiting plate, the contour of the osteotomy surface limiting plate matches the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the lower side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate fits and covers the tibial plateau osteotomy surface, the osteotomy surface limiting plate is also provided with a guide hole and two long holes that penetrate the osteotomy surface limiting plate, one end of the two long holes is connected to the guide hole, and the two long holes are arranged at an angle, and a raised guide wall is provided on the upper side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate along the contours of the guide hole and the long hole, the osteotomy surface limiting plate is also provided with a fixing hole for passing a bone screw, one end of the bone side limiting plate is connected to the outer peripheral side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate, and the other end extends to the bottom of the osteotomy surface limiting plate, and the inner side of the bone side limiting plate fits with the inner side of the tibial tubercle; and A bone cutter, the bone cutter comprising a guide column and two flank cutting plates, the two flank cutting plates being arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide column, and the angle between the two flank cutting plates being the same as the angle between the two long holes, and the distance between the upper root of the flank cutting plate and the upper end of the guide column being the same as the distance between the upper side of the raised guide wall and the lower side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate; The guide hole matches the punching drill bit and the guide column, and can allow the punching drill bit and the guide column to move axially along the guide hole. After the guide column is inserted into the guide hole, the two side cutting plates can be inserted into the two long holes respectively. The osteotomy surface limiting plate is also provided with a pointing portion, and the pointing portion indicates directions in at least two opposite directions; A standard connecting block is also provided at the upper end of the guide column.

2. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing cutting plate has cutting teeth on its cutting surface.

3. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cutting surface of the flank cutting plate is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface gradually moves away from the guide column from bottom to top in the axial direction of the guide column.

4. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial sliding groove is arranged on the inner side of the guide hole and the protruding guide wall corresponding to the guide hole, and a sliding block matching the axial sliding groove is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide column.

5. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the raised guide wall corresponding to the long hole gradually decreases in height in the axial direction of the guide hole in a direction away from the guide hole.

6. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three fixing holes, and the three fixing holes are distributed around the periphery of the guide hole.

7. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: A screw guide cylinder coaxial with the fixing hole is provided on the upper side of the osteotomy surface limiting plate.

8. The modification component of the tibial plateau osteotomy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the guide hole is non-perpendicular to the osteotomy surface limiting plate, so that when the axis of the guide hole is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, there is an inclination angle between the osteotomy surface limiting plate and the horizontal plane; or The axis of the guide hole is arranged perpendicular to the osteotomy surface limiting plate.

Images