Barrier panel and arrangement of barrier panels for preventing compression failure of compression vertical joint

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of anti-seepage face plate and anti-seepage face plate arrangement structure for preventing pressure vertical joint extrusion damage.The purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of anti-seepage face plate and anti-seepage face plate arrangement structure for reducing reservoir leakage loss and ensuring dam safe operation, which is convenient to construct, safe and reliable.The technical scheme of the present application is: an anti-seepage face plate for preventing pressure vertical joint extrusion damage, characterized by: consisting of face plate main body and elastic face plate located at the edge of the anti-seepage face plate, wherein the elastic face plate is poured by elastic epoxy concrete.An anti-seepage face plate arrangement structure for preventing pressure vertical joint extrusion damage, with several anti-seepage face plates laid on the surface of the project, characterized by: the anti-seepage face plate is the anti-seepage face plate for preventing pressure vertical joint extrusion damage, and the elastic face plate on the anti-seepage face plate corresponds to the position of panel vertical joint.The present application is suitable for hydropower and water conservancy projects.

Description

Waterproof panels and their arrangement to prevent damage from compression of vertical joints Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a waterproof panel and its arrangement structure for preventing damage from compressive vertical joints. It is applicable to hydropower and water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete-faced rockfill dams have been widely used in my country's water conservancy and hydropower projects due to their advantages such as cost savings, convenient construction, and full utilization of local materials. However, due to factors such as excessively steep valley slopes, valley-direction displacement of the rockfill, stress concentration at vertical joints, and premature pouring of the concrete panels, several projects, especially high dams, have experienced compressive failure of the concrete anti-seepage panels near the compressive vertical joints during operation. For pumped-storage power stations, the cyclic loading of reservoir storage and release causes new irreversible deformations in the dam, making the anti-seepage panels even more susceptible to compressive failure.

[0003] Concrete-faced rockfill dam projects, especially high dams, mainly have the following problems:

[0004] 1. When the panel is crushed and damaged, it is generally necessary to drain the water or lower the reservoir water level for repairs as a safety precaution, which greatly affects the power generation efficiency of the power station.

[0005] 2. The causes of compression damage near the vertical seams of the panel are complex. In some projects, even after multiple repairs, no significant effect has been seen. The compression damage phenomenon recurs, wasting a lot of manpower and resources for reinforcement.

[0006] 3. Due to settlement and deformation of the rockfill, some high dams have voids under the panels in the middle and upper elevations. Severe voids can cause bending cracks or even breakage of the panels, while even moderate voids will put the panels in an unfavorable stress state. The voids in the panels and the squeezing damage near the vertical joints further increase the safety risks to the seepage-proof panels. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seepage-proof panel and seepage-proof panel arrangement structure that is easy to construct, safe and reliable to prevent damage from compression of vertical joints, so as to reduce reservoir seepage losses and ensure the safe operation of dams.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a seepage-proof panel to prevent damage from compression of vertical joints, characterized in that: it is composed of a panel body and an elastic panel located at the edge of the seepage-proof panel, wherein the elastic panel is cast from elastic epoxy concrete.

[0009] The waterproof panel is internally equipped with panel steel bars and reinforcing bars that pass through the construction joint between the panel body and the elastic panel.

[0010] The width of the elastic panel extending inward from the edge of the waterproof panel is 50-100cm.

[0011] A seepage-proof panel arrangement structure for preventing damage from compression vertical joints includes several seepage-proof panels laid on the surface of an engineering project. The seepage-proof panel is the seepage-proof panel for preventing damage from compression vertical joints, and the elastic panel on the seepage-proof panel corresponds to the position of the vertical joint of the panel.

[0012] A cement mortar pad is provided below the vertical seam of the panel, and a gasket and a copper waterstop are located above the cement mortar pad.

[0013] Above the vertical seam of the panel, a neoprene rubber rod, a plastic filler, and a seepage-proof protective cover are arranged in sequence, wherein the seepage-proof protective cover extends to both sides through the construction joint between the elastic panel and the panel body on the corresponding seepage-proof panel.

[0014] The anti-seepage protective cover is bonded to the contact surface of the elastic panel with epoxy adhesive, and the anti-seepage protective cover is bonded to the contact surface of the panel body with elastic edge sealing agent.

[0015] The seepage-proof protective cover is fixed to the seepage-proof panel by stainless steel flat bars and stainless steel expansion bolts.

[0016] The nose of the copper waterstop is filled with a rubber rod.

[0017] A construction method for the aforementioned anti-seepage panel arrangement structure, characterized in that:

[0018] S1, Cement mortar pad layer below the vertical joint of the construction panel;

[0019] S2. Construction shims: The shims are placed on the cement mortar bedding layer and centered across the joint.

[0020] S3, Construction copper waterstop plate;

[0021] S4. Install panel reinforcement bars and reinforcing bars;

[0022] S5. Vertical formwork casting of the main panel;

[0023] S6. Remove the formwork, roughen the construction joint, erect the formwork at the vertical joint, first pour the elastic panel on one side of the vertical joint, and then pour the elastic panel on the other side.

[0024] S7. The second waterstop at the top of the vertical joint of the construction panel includes a neoprene rubber rod, plastic filler, and anti-seepage protective cover.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention uses elastic epoxy concrete within a range of 50cm to 100cm on both sides of the compressive vertical joints on the riverbed panel that are prone to compression damage. This concrete has a higher compressive strength than ordinary panel concrete, enabling the compressive vertical joint to withstand greater local compressive stress and greatly improving the resistance of the vertical joint to compression damage.

[0026] Vertical seam crushing failure of panels is mostly due to the significant reduction in the contact area between the two sides of the panel after deformation, resulting in excessive local compressive stress that gradually develops. In this invention, elastic epoxy concrete has a low compression modulus, good flexibility, and uniform force transmission, and has a significant homogenizing effect on local compressive stress.

[0027] In this invention, the elastic epoxy concrete exhibits post-contraction rebound and shrinkage, with reinforcing bars passing through the joint surface of the panel and the joint surface roughened. It is further supplemented by a seepage-proof protective cover and edge sealing agent, resulting in a reliable structure that ensures the joints do not leak after the reservoir is filled with water.

[0028] In some high dams, voids exist beneath the panels in the middle to upper elevations, which can lead to bending cracks or even breakage in severe cases. These problems often originate and develop near the compressive vertical joints where stress is most concentrated. This invention incorporates a certain width of elastic epoxy concrete on both sides of the vertical joints in the panels, with a flexural strength ≥12MPa, significantly improving the panels' resistance to breakage and substantially reducing or preventing the formation of bending cracks.

[0029] In this invention, elastic epoxy concrete is only used on both sides of the vertical joint of the compressive concrete within 50cm to 100cm. The area is small, and the increase in investment during the construction period is limited. However, it avoids the problem of repairing the vertical joint of the panel due to compression damage and lower water level after the reservoir is filled, resulting in significant economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment.

[0032] 1. Elastic panel; 2. Panel body; 3. Construction joint; 4. Plastic filler; 5. Neoprene rubber rod; 6. Anti-seepage protective cover; 7. Epoxy adhesive; 8. Elastic edge sealant; 9. Vertical joint; 10. Copper waterstop; 11. Gasket; 12. Cement mortar bedding layer; 13. Panel reinforcement; 14. Reinforcing ribs. Detailed Implementation

[0033] This embodiment provides a seepage-proof panel arrangement structure to prevent crushing damage to the pressure-sensitive vertical joint. The seepage-proof panel consists of a panel body and an elastic panel located at the edge of the seepage-proof panel and close to the pressure-sensitive vertical joint. The elastic panel is made of elastic epoxy concrete. In this example, the elastic panel is arranged within a width of 50cm to 100cm on both sides of the pressure-sensitive vertical joint on the riverbed panel, where crushing damage is likely to occur.

[0034] In this example, the anti-seepage panel is equipped with panel steel bars and reinforcing bars, which pass through the construction joint between the panel body and the elastic panel.

[0035] In this embodiment, a cement mortar pad is provided below the vertical seam of the panel, and a gasket and a W-shaped copper waterstop are sequentially provided above the cement mortar pad.

[0036] In this example, a neoprene rubber rod, a plastic filler, and a seepage-proof protective cover are sequentially installed above the vertical seam of the panel. The seepage-proof protective cover extends to both sides through the construction seam between the elastic panel and the panel body on the corresponding seepage-proof panel, extending outward by about 50cm.

[0037] In this embodiment, the contact surface between the seepage-proof protective cover and the elastic panel is bonded with epoxy adhesive, and the contact surface between the seepage-proof protective cover and the panel body is bonded with elastic edge sealing agent. The seepage-proof protective cover is fixed to the seepage-proof panel with stainless steel flat bars and stainless steel expansion bolts.

[0038] In this embodiment, the elastic epoxy concrete is a polymer formulated with elastic epoxy resin and fillers. It possesses characteristics such as low density, high compressive and flexural strength, strong adhesion to concrete, low compressive modulus of elasticity, and excellent plasticity. Its compressive strength is 30MPa–60MPa, flexural strength ≥12MPa, and bond strength ≥3MPa. In this example, the concrete grade of the main panel is no lower than C25, with a two-stage mix design.

[0039] In this embodiment, the plastic filler is the main seepage barrier, serving as the second layer of waterproofing at the top of the vertical joint of the panel. It is typically made of SR or GB material, with a filling cross-sectional area of ​​200 cm². 2 ~450cm 2 Neoprene rubber rods are used to fill the vertical joints of the panel, and their diameter is generally 30mm to 50mm. The seepage-proof protective cover protects the plastic waterproofing filler and is generally selected according to the type of plastic waterproofing material.

[0040] In this example, the epoxy adhesive ensures a tight bond between the resilient panel and the waterproof protective cover; the resilient edge sealant ensures a tight bond between the panel body and the waterproof protective cover.

[0041] In this embodiment, the copper waterstop is the first line of defense against water leakage at the vertical joints of the panel. The copper waterstop is 1mm to 1.2mm thick. The roll material is transported to the construction site and pressed into the dimensions required by the design. The top of the lug of the copper waterstop should be filled with a rubber rod, and then filled with polyurethane foam board or other plastic materials, and sealed.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gasket is placed below the copper waterstop plate to protect it. The gasket can be made of rubber, polyvinyl chloride, or geotextile. The gasket thickness should preferably be 4mm to 6mm.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cement mortar cushion layer serves to support the copper waterstop and side formwork, and forms the basis for the control panel dimensions. The total width of the cement mortar cushion layer is greater than the width of the copper waterstop, its strength grade should not be lower than M10, and its thickness should preferably be 5cm to 10cm.

[0044] In this example, the panel reinforcement remains unchanged from the conventional design, generally using grade III steel with a diameter of 18mm to 22mm and a spacing of 15cm to 20cm, arranged in a single layer in two directions or in a double layer in two directions.

[0045] Based on the stress calculation results of the dam panel, reinforcing bars are arranged within a 1m to 2m width range near the vertical joints of the panel to prevent panel crushing failure. The reinforcing bars are generally made of Grade III steel, with a diameter of 18mm to 22mm, spaced 15cm to 20cm apart, arranged in a double layer and bidirectional pattern. When the panel thickness is greater than 50cm, insert bars can be placed at the construction joint between the panel concrete and the epoxy concrete. These insert bars are made of Grade III steel, with a diameter of 18cm to 25mm, spaced approximately 30cm apart, and inserted 30cm to 50cm into the elastic epoxy concrete.

[0046] The construction method for the waterproof panel arrangement structure to prevent damage from compression of vertical joints in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Cement mortar pad at the bottom of the vertical joint of the construction panel. The total width of the cement mortar pad should be greater than the width of the W-type copper waterstop, the strength grade should not be lower than M10, and the thickness should be 5cm to 10cm.

[0048] S2. Construction gaskets. The gaskets are placed on the cement mortar bedding layer, centered across the joint. The gaskets can be made of rubber, polyvinyl chloride, or geotextile. The gasket thickness is 4mm–6mm.

[0049] S3. Construction of W-type copper waterstop. The nose of the copper waterstop is 30mm-50mm high, the nose width is generally 12mm, the height of the upright is 60mm-80mm, the width of the two flat sections is not less than 160mm, and the thickness is 1mm-1.2mm. The top of the nose of the copper waterstop is filled with a rubber rod, which is then filled with polyurethane foam board or other plastic materials and sealed.

[0050] S4. Install panel reinforcement bars, reinforcing bars and dowel bars, with the reinforcement bars passing through the construction joint.

[0051] S5. Casting the main panel. Wooden formwork is installed at the construction joint between the main panel and the elastic panel. The main panel is formed by casting the concrete in place. The concrete grade of the panel is not lower than C25 and has a two-stage mix design.

[0052] S6. Remove the formwork, roughen the construction joint, erect the formwork at the compression vertical joint, and pour elastic epoxy concrete on one side of the vertical joint; fill the compression vertical joint surface of the panel with compressible materials such as anti-compression board or apply asphalt emulsion; pour elastic epoxy concrete on the other side.

[0053] S7. The second waterproofing layer at the top of the vertical joint of the construction panel includes a neoprene rubber rod, plastic filler, and a top waterproofing cover. The waterproofing cover is 5mm-7mm thick, and its width is controlled to extend approximately 50cm beyond the joint between the concrete panel and the epoxy concrete. The surface in contact with the epoxy concrete is bonded with epoxy adhesive (epoxy primer), and the surface in contact with the concrete panel is bonded with an elastic edge sealant. Finally, the edges are sealed with an edge sealant. Stainless steel flat steel or stainless steel expansion bolts can be added to fix the waterproofing cover as needed.

Claims

1. A seepage-proof panel arrangement structure for preventing damage from compressive vertical joints, comprising a plurality of seepage-proof panels laid on the surface of an engineering project, characterized in that: The seepage-proof panel is a seepage-proof panel designed to prevent damage from compression joints. This seepage-proof panel consists of a panel body and an elastic panel located at the edge of the seepage-proof panel, wherein the elastic panel is cast from elastic epoxy concrete. The seepage-proof panel is internally equipped with panel reinforcement bars and reinforcing ribs that pass through the construction joint between the panel body and the elastic panel. The width of the elastic panel from the edge of the seepage-proof panel inwards is 50-100 cm. The position of the elastic panel on this seepage-proof panel corresponds to the position of the vertical joint of the panel.

2. The waterproof panel arrangement structure for preventing damage from compression of vertical joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cement mortar pad is provided below the vertical joint of the panel, and a gasket and a copper waterstop are located above the cement mortar pad; a neoprene rubber rod, a plastic filler and a seepage-proof protective cover are arranged in sequence above the vertical joint of the panel, wherein the seepage-proof protective cover extends to both sides through the construction joint between the elastic panel and the panel body on the corresponding seepage-proof panel.

3. The waterproof panel arrangement structure for preventing damage from compression of vertical joints according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-seepage protective cover is bonded to the contact surface of the elastic panel with epoxy adhesive, and the anti-seepage protective cover is bonded to the contact surface of the panel body with elastic edge sealing agent.

4. The waterproof panel arrangement structure for preventing damage from compression of vertical joints according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The seepage-proof protective cover is fixed to the seepage-proof panel by stainless steel flat bars and stainless steel expansion bolts.

5. The waterproof panel arrangement structure for preventing damage from compression of vertical joints according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nose of the copper waterstop is filled with a rubber rod.

6. A construction method for the anti-seepage panel arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: S1. Cement mortar pad under the vertical joint of the construction panel; S2. Construction shim, placed on the cement mortar pad and centered across the joint; S3. Construction copper waterstop; S4. Erecting panel reinforcement and reinforcing bars; S5. Erecting formwork and pouring the main body of the panel; S6. Removing the formwork, roughening the construction joint, erecting formwork at the vertical joint, first pouring the elastic panel on one side of the vertical joint, then pouring the elastic panel on the other side; S7. The second waterstop at the top of the pressure vertical joint of the construction panel, including neoprene rubber rod, plastic filler, and anti-seepage protective cover.

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