Thermal plasma torch

Abstract

The application aims to provide a hot plasma torch capable of freely adjusting power while providing more stable arc. The hot plasma torch has a first anode assembly and a second anode assembly, and the two anode assemblies are respectively configured with independent first power supply and second power supply, so that when the hot plasma torch is used, the high-temperature arc generated can be inside the first anode assembly or inside the second anode assembly, avoiding local high-temperature electrode ablation caused by a single anode, and providing the service life of the hot plasma torch. Specifically, the hot plasma torch provided by the application comprises a cathode assembly, a first anode assembly and a second anode assembly, a first power supply is arranged between the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly, a second power supply is arranged between the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly, and the first power supply and the second power supply are independent of each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal plasma technology, and in particular to a thermal plasma spray gun. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal plasma has advantages such as high temperature, high enthalpy, high energy density, high chemical activity, rich in active particles, fast reaction speed, large temperature gradient, and rapid start-up and shutdown. The high temperature and high energy it generates are superior to most existing high temperature technologies. In particular, thermal plasma technology provides a technical path for the treatment of hazardous waste that can achieve "harmlessness, volume reduction, and resource recovery".

[0003] The core device for practical applications of thermal plasma technology is the thermal plasma spray gun. The thermal plasma spray gun uses a high-temperature electric arc formed by the discharge between the cathode and anode to heat the gas. After entering the compression section of the anode nozzle, the gas is heated to 1×10⁻⁶ by the electric arc. 4 After reaching temperatures above Kelvin, the plasma ionizes and expands and accelerates in the expansion section of the anode nozzle, ultimately forming a plasma jet. Thermal plasma technology is now widely used in various fields such as machinery, chemical engineering, materials science, and aerospace. The main performance parameters of a thermal plasma spray gun depend on the temperature and velocity distribution of the plasma jet, which in turn depends on the structural characteristics of the thermal plasma spray gun. Therefore, improving the structure of the thermal plasma spray gun to make it more rational is a common concern in this field.

[0004] Currently, most commonly used thermal plasma spray guns employ a pair of electrodes, consisting of a cathode assembly and an anode assembly, which generate a plasma jet under the influence of a DC power supply. Within the anode assembly, the interaction of the flow field and electromagnetic field (i.e., the gas flow velocity and the power supply voltage) causes a high-temperature electric arc to continuously move within the anode assembly, resulting in constantly changing plasma energy and jet instability. Furthermore, the single-anode structure easily leads to the accumulation of the high-temperature electric arc inside the anode, causing electrode ablation.

[0005] Moreover, the cathode and anode of most thermal plasma spray guns are structurally fixed, and the distance between them is also fixed, so that the input power of the spray gun is constant under the same operating current. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal plasma spray gun with a more stable electric arc and freely adjustable power.

[0007] The thermal plasma spray gun provided by the present invention includes a cathode assembly, a first anode assembly, and a second anode assembly. A first power source is provided between the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly, and a second power source is provided between the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly. The first power source and the second power source are independent of each other.

[0008] According to the technical solution, firstly, the thermal plasma spray gun provided by the present invention has a first anode assembly and a second anode assembly, and the two anode assemblies are respectively configured with an independent first power supply and a second power supply. Thus, when the thermal plasma spray gun is used, the high-temperature electric arc generated can be inside the first anode assembly or inside the second anode assembly, avoiding local high-temperature electrode ablation caused by a single anode and improving the service life of the thermal plasma spray gun.

[0009] Secondly, the thermal plasma spray gun is equipped with two anodes. Compared to a single anode which can only generate one arc, the dual anode configuration allows the thermal plasma spray gun to generate a longer arc. At the same time, the independent power supply for the dual anodes allows for the configuration of different voltage power supplies based on the different arc lengths generated between the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly, and between the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly. This makes the arc generated between the cathode assembly and the anode assembly, especially between the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly which generates a longer arc, more stable.

[0010] Finally, the dual-anode configuration means that the power of the thermal plasma spray gun is no longer singular. Furthermore, the independent power supply configuration can further expand the power adjustment range of the thermal plasma spray gun. Specifically, the electric arc generated by the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly is the first power of the thermal plasma spray gun provided by this invention; the electric arc generated by the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly is the second power of the thermal plasma spray gun provided by this invention; and the simultaneous generation of electric arcs by the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly and the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly is the third power of the thermal plasma spray gun provided by this invention.

[0011] Preferably, the cathode assembly, the first anode assembly, and the second anode assembly are arranged coaxially and spaced apart in sequence.

[0012] According to this technical solution, the electric arcs generated by the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly, and the electric arcs generated by the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly, are on the same axis. This allows the first anode assembly, which is close to the cathode assembly, to be used for arc initiation. When the power of the thermal plasma spray gun is adjusted, the electric arc can be transferred along the axis between the first and second anode assemblies. Furthermore, the coaxial arrangement allows the first and second electric arcs to combine on the same axis, thereby generating a higher temperature electric arc. The spacing between the components can prevent short circuits between the cathode and anode assemblies from damaging the spray gun, and can also prevent short circuits between the first and second anode assemblies from changing the arc length.

[0013] Preferably, the cathode assembly includes a cathode head capable of emitting electrons and a cathode sleeve disposed around the cathode head, the cathode sleeve being connected to a cathode cooling water passage and a first gas passage.

[0014] According to this technical solution, a cathode sleeve is wrapped around the cathode head, allowing the cathode head to stably generate electrons and preventing external impurity ions from combining with electrons and affecting the stability of the electric arc generated by the thermal plasma gun. Simultaneously, by forming a gas passage on the cathode sleeve, ionizing gas (helium, argon, hydrogen, etc.) can be continuously supplied to the cathode, ensuring a continuous ionization process and forming a stable electric arc. Furthermore, since the plasma arc temperature is very high, installing cathode cooling water on the cathode sleeve can reduce the temperature radiated from the arc to the cathode sleeve, facilitating operation and extending the service life of the plasma gun.

[0015] Preferably, the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly are formed as hollow sleeve structures, and the sidewalls of the first anode assembly and / or the second anode assembly are connected to the anode cooling water passage.

[0016] According to the technical solution, the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly are formed into a hollow sleeve structure. The ionized gas is ionized under the action of a high-temperature electric arc. The ionized plasma can be ejected outward through the hollow parts of the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly, which is more conducive to the thermal plasma spray gun to eject thermal plasma jets for waste treatment. In addition, anode cooling water passages are also provided on the side wall of the hollow sleeve, which can reduce the temperature on the anode sleeve when the thermal plasma spray gun is used, making it easier for technicians to operate while improving the service life of the thermal plasma spray gun.

[0017] Preferably, both the first and second anode components have a necked section along the axial direction in their hollow portions. According to this technical solution, the fluid entering the gradually narrowing pipe diameter increases the gas velocity. At this point, the fluid then enters the rear large-diameter section at a higher velocity. Due to the higher velocity, a low-pressure environment is generated at the rear. This low-pressure environment at the rear is more conducive to propelling the plasma from the front end to the rear end of the anode component and further increases the velocity of the plasma when it is ejected outward.

[0018] Preferably, the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly are connected by an intermediate component, and an additional gas passage is provided on the side wall of the intermediate component.

[0019] According to the technical solution, the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly are connected through an intermediate component, which further ensures the insulation between the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly. By setting an additional gas passage on the intermediate component, ionized gas is provided to the cavity of the thermal plasma spray gun through the gas passage of the intermediate component, so that the arc end also has sufficient ionized gas, further stabilizing the arc.

[0020] As a preferred option, the intermediate component is also provided with an additional cooling water passage.

[0021] According to the technical solution, by setting an additional cooling water passage between the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly, the high-temperature electric arc in the middle section of the thermal plasma spray gun is further cooled down.

[0022] Preferably, the cathode assembly further includes an insulating gas distribution ring, which is formed at the end of the first gas passage, inclined between the cathode sleeve and the cathode head, and has several through holes.

[0023] According to this technical solution, the ionized gas can rotate along the inclined wall of the insulating gas distribution ring. The insulating gas distribution ring has several through holes, allowing the ionized gas to enter the thermal plasma spray gun cavity only through these holes. Because the ionized gas rotates along the inclined wall of the insulating gas distribution ring, and the gas entering the plasma spray gun cavity through the through holes moves in different directions, collisions occur, enhancing the ionization effect of the ionized gas. Furthermore, the electric arc is compressed towards the center under the action of the rotating gas, thus elongating the arc and ensuring sufficient heating of the plasma gas, thereby improving the waste treatment efficiency of the spray gun.

[0024] Preferably, the intermediate component also includes an additional insulating gas distribution ring, which is inclinedly disposed in the additional gas passage.

[0025] According to this technical solution, an insulating gas distribution ring is also placed in the additional gas passage, so that when the gas enters the second anode assembly from the additional gas passage in the intermediate component, it can also generate rotation, which makes the second arc between the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly also lengthen. The arc length of the second anode assembly determines to a certain extent the longest arc length generated by the thermal plasma spray gun in this invention. Therefore, setting an insulating gas distribution ring before the additional gas passage can further increase the maximum arc length that the thermal plasma spray gun can achieve. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a thermal plasma spray gun provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a thermal plasma spray gun provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the second anode assembly of a thermal plasma spray gun provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate component of the thermal plasma spray gun provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5This is an enlarged view of part a of the thermal plasma spray gun provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments; various modifications, alterations, combinations, and improvements based on the inventive concept employed within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a thermal plasma spray gun provided in this embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, there are cathode assembly 1, first anode assembly 2, and second anode assembly 3. Cathode assembly 1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of first power supply 4 and second power supply 5, first anode assembly 2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of first power supply 4, and second anode assembly 3 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of second power supply 5. When first power supply 4 and / or second power supply 5 are turned on, discharge occurs between cathode assembly 1 and first anode assembly 2 and / or second anode assembly 3, ionizing the ionized gas inside the thermal plasma gun, thereby generating a high-temperature plasma arc. The high-temperature plasma arc can heat and melt external materials.

[0033] Specifically, in the use of a thermal plasma spray gun, the stability of the electric arc often determines the reliability and service life of the spray gun. Many factors affect the stability of the electric arc, such as the type of ionizing gas, the voltage and current of the power supply, and the length of the electric arc (i.e., the distance between the cathode and anode).

[0034] The ionized gas can be either N2 or Ar. Specifically, N2 gas has a high ionization enthalpy and fast heat transfer, which is beneficial for heating and melting external materials, but it cannot be used for materials that are prone to nitriding reactions. Ar gas has a lower ionization potential, produces a stable and easily ignited arc with a shorter flame, and also provides good protection. However, Ar gas has a lower enthalpy than N2 gas and is more expensive.

[0035] The first power source 4 and the second power source 5 can be any power supply device capable of providing suitable voltage and current. As a preferred example, the first power source 4 and the second power source 5 are DC power sources, and DC current is more conducive to improving the stability of the electric arc.

[0036] In addition, the length of the electric arc needs to be matched with the voltage and current of the power supply. Therefore, a first power supply 4 and a second power supply 5 are respectively set for the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3. This allows for setting appropriate voltage and current based on the arc length generated between different anode assemblies and cathode assemblies 1 (i.e., the distance between the cathode and anode), which helps to improve the stability of the electric arc generated by the thermal plasma spray gun.

[0037] In this way, firstly, the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 are configured with independent first power supply 4 and second power supply 5 respectively. Thus, when the thermal plasma spray gun is used, the high-temperature electric arc generated can be inside the first anode assembly 2 or inside the second anode assembly 3, avoiding local high-temperature electrode ablation caused by a single anode and improving the service life of the thermal plasma spray gun.

[0038] Secondly, the thermal plasma spray gun is equipped with two anodes. Compared with a single anode which can only generate one arc, the dual anode configuration allows the thermal plasma spray gun to generate a longer arc. At the same time, the dual anodes are equipped with independent power supplies, which allows the first power supply 4 and the second power supply 5 to be configured with different voltages according to the different arc lengths generated between the cathode assembly 1 and the first anode assembly 2, and between the cathode assembly 1 and the second anode assembly 3. This makes the arc generated between the cathode assembly 1 and the anode assembly, especially between the cathode assembly 1 and the second anode assembly 3 which generate a longer arc, more stable.

[0039] Finally, the dual-anode configuration allows the thermal plasma gun to operate at multiple power levels. Furthermore, the independent power supply further expands the power adjustment range of the thermal plasma gun. Specifically, in this embodiment, the thermal plasma gun has three adjustable power levels during use. The first power is achieved when the cathode assembly 1 and the closer first anode assembly 2 generate an electric arc, resulting in a shorter arc and a lower plasma jet temperature. The second power is achieved when the cathode assembly 1 and the farther second anode assembly 3 generate a longer arc, resulting in a longer arc and a moderate plasma jet temperature. The third power is achieved when the cathode assembly 1 and the first anode assembly 2, and the cathode assembly 1 and the second anode assembly 3, simultaneously generate arcs, resulting in a longer arc and the highest thermal plasma jet temperature.

[0040] It should be noted that the specific structure of each component of the thermal plasma spray gun is not limited in this invention. For example, in some embodiments, the first anode component 2 can be a hollow ring structure, while in other embodiments, the first anode component 2 can also be a hollow sleeve structure with a necked section. Without departing from the spirit of this invention, simple substitutions to the structure of each component of the thermal plasma spray gun in this invention do not exceed the protection scope of this invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a thermal plasma spray gun provided in this embodiment. (Combined with...) Figure 2In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cathode assembly 1, the first anode assembly 2, and the second anode assembly 3 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axis Y. When the thermal plasma gun is working, and both the first power supply 4 and the second power supply 5 are kept on, a first electric arc and a second electric arc are generated between the cathode assembly 1 and the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3. Both the first electric arc and the second electric arc coincide with the axis Y. At this time, higher heat is generated in the middle of the overlapping electric arc, thereby generating a plasma jet with a higher temperature. The electric arc is stabilized while the temperature of the thermal plasma jet is increased. In addition, when the thermal plasma gun is working, after the second power supply 5 is turned on and then turned off for a period of time, and the first power supply 4 is turned on at the same time, an electric arc is first generated between the cathode assembly 1 and the second anode assembly 3. Then, the landing point of the electric arc on the second anode assembly 3 is transferred along the axis Y to the first anode assembly 2.

[0042] Furthermore, the spacing between the cathode assembly 1, the first anode assembly 2, and the second anode assembly 3 ensures insulation between the components. Specifically, it maintains insulation between the cathode assembly 1 and the first anode assembly, preventing short circuits that could damage the spray gun. It also maintains insulation between the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3, preventing short circuits that could alter the arc length. In particular, this gap can be filled with an insulating ring 7. The insulating ring 7 has a simple structure and a connecting function, facilitating the overall installation of the thermal plasma components while ensuring insulation. Of course, other insulating structures can also be used to fill the gaps, such as using insulating ceramics at the connections between components in some embodiments, or adding insulating gaskets to the threaded connections between components in other embodiments; these methods do not exceed the scope of this invention.

[0043] Preferably, the cathode assembly 1 includes a cathode head 11 capable of emitting electrons and a cathode sleeve 12 surrounding the cathode head 11. In the thermal plasma spray gun, the cathode head 11 continuously emits electrons during use by relying on the thermionic emission effect, thereby enabling electrons to be continuously transported to the anode through the arc conductive power source. Preferably, thorium tungsten, cerium tungsten, or lanthanum tungsten electrodes have the characteristics of high melting point (tungsten melting point 3410℃±20℃), strong electron emission capability, low melting rate, corrosion resistance, and good thermal and electrical conductivity. Therefore, thorium tungsten, cerium tungsten, or lanthanum tungsten materials are used as cathode head 11 materials, thereby improving the arc initiation performance of the cathode assembly 1 of the thermal plasma spray gun, increasing the stability of the arc, reducing the electrode burn-out rate, realizing rapid and efficient start-up of the thermal plasma spray gun, improving the stability of the arc, and extending the cathode life.

[0044] The cathode sleeve 12 surrounds the cathode head 11, thus blocking external impurities and preventing them from combining with electrons and affecting the stability of the electric arc of the thermal plasma gun. Furthermore, after the cathode sleeve 12 surrounds the cathode head 11, a gas passage needs to be set up to provide ionizing gas to the interior of the thermal plasma gun cavity. Therefore, a first gas passage 121 is connected to the cathode sleeve 12 to deliver ionizing gas (helium, argon, hydrogen, etc.) into the thermal plasma gun, so that the ionization process can continue and a stable electric arc can be formed. Furthermore, the direction of the gas blowing out of the first gas passage 121 is consistent with the direction of electron delivery from the cathode head 11 to the anode. This consistency does not mean that the two directions are strictly coincident, but that the ionizing gas can be ionized in the electric arc on the Y-axis after being blown out close to the Y-axis, thereby improving the utilization rate of the ionizing gas. Furthermore, when the thermal plasma spray gun is working, the temperature of the cathode head 11 is very high, often reaching several thousand or even tens of thousands of degrees. Such high temperatures are detrimental to both the cathode sleeve 12 and the operator. Therefore, a cathode cooling water passage 122 is provided on the cathode sleeve 12. The cooling water can reduce the temperature radiated to the cathode sleeve 12 by the electric arc, which facilitates operation and also improves the service life of the thermal plasma spray gun. Of course, other cooling methods for the thermal plasma spray gun provided by this invention are also applicable to this invention.

[0045] Preferably, the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 are formed as hollow sleeve structures. Preferably, the sidewalls of the first anode assembly 2 and / or the second anode assembly 3 are made of pure copper material with good thermal and electrical conductivity. The anode cooling water passage 221 is connected to the sidewalls of the first anode assembly 2 and / or the second anode assembly 3, thereby rapidly dissipating heat from the first anode assembly 2 and / or the second anode assembly 3. In this embodiment, the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 are formed as hollow sleeve structures. When the thermal plasma spray gun is working, an electric arc can be formed in the hollow part of the first anode assembly 2 or the second anode assembly 3. Furthermore, the hollow structure of the anode assembly facilitates the ionization of ionized gas in the hollow parts of the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 to form plasma. It also facilitates the ejection of thermal plasma jets from the hollow parts of the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 for waste treatment. In addition, an anode cooling water passage 221 is also provided on the side wall of the hollow sleeve, which can reduce the temperature on the anode sleeve when the thermal plasma spray gun is in use, making it easier for technicians to operate while improving the service life of the thermal plasma spray gun.

[0046] Preferably, both the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 have a necked-down section along the axial direction in their hollow portions. In this embodiment, taking the first anode assembly 2 as an example, Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the second anode assembly 3. When ionized gas flows into the constricted section from region A, the pipe diameter gradually decreases while the gas velocity increases. When the high-velocity gas enters region B through the constricted section, it maintains a high velocity for a certain distance. At this time, a low-pressure environment is generated around the high-velocity gas. The pressure difference between region A and region B is conducive to driving the plasma to flow rapidly from region A to region B, which is beneficial for the plasma jet to spray hot plasma jets outward for waste treatment operations.

[0047] Among them, the better location, Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate component 6 of the thermal plasma spray gun provided in this embodiment. (Combined with...) Figure 2 and Figure 4 The first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 are connected by an intermediate component 6, and an additional gas passage 662 is provided on the side wall of the intermediate component 6. In this embodiment, the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 are insulated from each other by the intermediate component 6, which further ensures the insulation between the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 and facilitates the installation stability of the thermal plasma spray gun. In addition, by providing an additional gas passage 662 on the intermediate component 6, ionized gas is further introduced into the ionized gas inflow end of the second anode assembly 3 of the thermal plasma spray gun through the additional gas passage 662, increasing the ionized gas density inside the second anode assembly 3. Preferably, as shown in the figure... Figure 4 As shown, the additional gas passage 662 can be a gas passage that runs through one end of the intermediate component 6 and the other end of the intermediate component 6 connected to the second anode component 3. Furthermore, the additional gas passage 662 is preferably a straight gas passage, which is more conducive to the introduction of ionized gas. When the cathode component 1 and the second anode component 3 are energized to generate an electric arc, ionized gas is introduced between the first anode component 2 and the second anode component 3 (i.e., at the end of the electric arc), thereby further stabilizing the electric arc.

[0048] Furthermore, preferably, the intermediate component 6 is also provided with an additional cooling water passage 661. The additional cooling water passage 661 is provided between the first anode assembly 2 and the second anode assembly 3 to further cool down the high-temperature electric arc in the middle section of the thermal plasma spray gun.

[0049] Among them, the better location, Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of part a of the thermal plasma spray gun provided in this embodiment. (Combined with...) Figure 2 and Figure 5 As can be seen, the insulating gas distribution ring 13 is inclined between the cathode sleeve 12 and the cathode head 11, and a number of through holes 131 are formed on the insulating gas distribution ring 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, after the ionized gas is introduced into the thermal plasma spray gun cavity through the first gas passage 121, it rotates along the inclined wall of the insulating gas distribution ring 13. The insulating gas distribution ring 13 is also provided with several through holes 131 along its radial direction, so the ionized gas can only enter the thermal plasma spray gun cavity through the through holes 131. Because the ionized gas rotates along the inclined wall of the insulating gas distribution ring 13, and the gas entering the plasma spray gun cavity through the through holes 131 moves in different directions, collisions occur, enhancing the ionization effect of the gas. Furthermore, the electric arc is compressed towards the center under the action of the rotating gas, thus elongating the arc and allowing the plasma gas to be fully heated, improving the waste treatment efficiency of the spray gun.

[0051] In particular, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 Furthermore, an additional insulating gas distribution ring 663 is provided in the additional gas passage 662. When gas enters the second anode assembly 3 through the additional gas passage 662 in the intermediate component 6, it can also generate rotation and collision, thereby lengthening the second electric arc generated between the cathode assembly 1 and the second anode assembly 3. Since the distance between the cathode assembly 1 and the second anode assembly 3 is greater, the length of the second electric arc determines to a certain extent the longest length of the electric arc generated by the thermal plasma spray gun in this invention. Therefore, by providing an additional insulating gas distribution ring 663 in the additional gas passage 662, the arc length of the thermal plasma spray gun can be further increased.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will understand that specific technical features in various embodiments can be adaptively split or combined. Such splitting or combining of specific technical features will not cause the technical solution to deviate from the principles of the present invention; therefore, the technical solutions after splitting or combining will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] The technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and various embodiments. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions resulting from such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0056] 1-Cathode assembly;

[0057] 11-Cathode head;

[0058] 12-Cathode sleeve;

[0059] 121 - First gas passage;

[0060] 122 - Cathode cooling water passage;

[0061] 13-Insulating gas distribution ring;

[0062] 131 - Through hole;

[0063] 2-First anode assembly;

[0064] 221, 331 - Anode cooling water passage

[0065] 3-Second anode assembly;

[0066] 4-First power supply;

[0067] 5-Second power supply;

[0068] 6-Middleware;

[0069] 661 - Additional cooling water passage;

[0070] 662 - Additional gas passage;

[0071] 663 - Additional insulating gas distribution ring;

[0072] 7-Insulating ring.

Claims

1. A thermal plasma spray gun, characterized in that, It includes a cathode assembly, a first anode assembly, and a second anode assembly. A first power source is provided between the cathode assembly and the first anode assembly, and a second power source is provided between the cathode assembly and the second anode assembly. The first power source and the second power source are independent of each other. The cathode assembly includes a cathode head capable of emitting electrons and a cathode sleeve surrounding the cathode head. The cathode sleeve is connected to a cathode cooling water passage and a first gas passage. The cathode assembly further includes an insulating gas distribution ring, which is formed at the end of the first gas passage and is inclined between the cathode sleeve and the cathode head. The insulating gas distribution ring also has several through holes along its radial direction. The insulating gas distribution ring is configured such that the ionized gas introduced through the first gas passage rotates along the inclined wall of the insulating gas distribution ring, and enters the plasma spray gun cavity through the several through holes, moving in different directions and colliding. The first anode assembly and the second anode assembly are connected by an intermediate component, the sidewall of which is provided with an additional gas passage. The intermediate component also includes an additional insulating gas distribution ring, which is inclinedly disposed in the additional gas passage.

2. The thermal plasma spray gun as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode assembly, the first anode assembly, and the second anode assembly are arranged coaxially and at intervals in sequence.

3. The thermal plasma spray gun as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first anode assembly and the second anode assembly are formed as hollow sleeve structures, and the sidewalls of the first anode assembly and / or the second anode assembly are connected to the anode cooling water passage.

4. The thermal plasma spray gun as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first anode assembly and the second anode assembly have necked sections along the axial direction in their hollow portions.

5. The thermal plasma spray gun as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate component is also equipped with an additional cooling water passage.

Images