Self-resetting structure of mechanical brake device of capstan

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-resetting structure of a mechanical brake device of a capstan, specifically, an automatic resetting structure of a brake assembly in a mechanical brake device of a capstan. In view of the problem that the brake assembly in a conventional capstan winch drum brake device is prone to brake failure during use due to the passive resetting mode of the brake assembly, the complex resetting mechanism, and the long resetting force transmission chain, a self-resetting structure of a mechanical brake device of a capstan is designed. The principle is to use a resetting spring to replace the complex structure and large space-occupying linkage auxiliary brake device in the resetting mechanism of the conventional capstan drum brake device, thereby simplifying the resetting mode of the brake assembly. Compared with the prior art: the resetting mechanism of the brake assembly is greatly simplified, and the reliability of the resetting of the brake assembly is improved; the brake friction plate is actively locked by the resetting spring through the power input gear, and the brake assembly does not rely on the rotation of the winch drum for resetting, thereby eliminating the brake lag phenomenon; at the same time, the gearbox can be made smaller and the manufacturing cost lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mechanically driven capstan and a hoist, in particular to a self-resetting structure of a mechanical brake device of the capstan. Background Art

[0002] Capstans are widely used in field construction and shipping for lifting, traction and wire tensioning. Lifting, traction and wire tensioning are usually achieved by hoisting the wire rope through the capstan drum. After the hoisting stops, a winch drum brake is usually designed to prevent the winch drum from reversing due to the gravity or drift of the hoisted object.

[0003] The traditional capstan winch drum brake device consists of an auxiliary brake device linked to the power clutch, a brake assembly with a friction plate and a one-way claw assembly. The brake assembly and one-way claw assembly arranged at the end of the capstan transmission are more relevant to the analysis of this case. Figure 1 For the parts diagram, Figure 2 The figure is an assembly drawing. The power input gear 1 on the left is connected to the power input end of the capstan, and the power output gear 6 on the right is connected to the capstan winch drum by meshing with a reduction gear, and rotates simultaneously with the winch drum. The inner ring of the power input gear 1 and the shaft of the power output gear 6 are a pair of left-handed thread pairs, and the relative rotation of the two can lock and separate the brake friction pads. When the brake friction pads 2 on the left and the brake friction pads 4 on the right clamp the one-way gear 3, the brake assembly can be regarded as a whole. Since the one-way gear 3 is restricted by the one-way claw 8 and other components, it can only rotate counterclockwise (i.e., the hoisting direction) and cannot rotate clockwise, i.e., the line loosening direction. Therefore, the brake assembly is locked in one direction, i.e., the winch drum cannot be reversed, and the trend of gravity causing the power output gear 6 to reverse (i.e., clockwise) is the locking trend of the thread pair on the friction plate, i.e., the more it is clamped, the tighter it is.

[0004] Since the lifting operation has the highest requirements for the brake of the capstan drum, we analyze the lifting operation in this case. In order to ensure safety, we believe that except for active loosening, the reverse braking state is the normal state for the capstan drum, so the friction plate and the related gears in the brake assembly are separated and locked, which is called reset. The locked state is the reverse braking state, which is considered to be the reset state of the brake assembly and the brake device. The following is the working process of the traditional capstan drum brake device.

[0005] (1) Lifting conditions

[0006] like Figure 2The driving force from the front end drives the power input gear 1 to rotate counterclockwise, that is, the reading side gear teeth face upward, and the inner ring of the power input gear 1 and the left-handed thread pair on the power output gear 6 shaft tend to be tightened, clamping the friction plate. When the tightening force is sufficient, due to the action of friction, the power input gear 1, the one-way gear 3 and the power output gear 6 are equivalent to one body. Since the one-way gear 3 can rotate counterclockwise, the power output gear 6 drives the winch drum to realize winch lifting.

[0007] When the lifting stops, the gravity of the object being lifted is transmitted from the power output gear 6 to the one-way gear 3 through the clamped friction plate, generating a clockwise rotation trend, but the one-way gear 3 cannot rotate clockwise, so the winch drum is in a braking state.

[0008] (2) Load loose wire condition

[0009] like Figure 2 The driving force at the front end drives the power input gear 1 to rotate clockwise, that is, the reading side gear teeth move downward, and the inner ring of the power input gear 1 and the left-handed thread pair on the power output gear 6 shaft tend to loosen, and the one-way gear 3 separates from the friction plate. At this time, the one-way gear 3 cannot prevent the power input gear 1 and the power output gear 6 from rotating. Due to the clockwise rotation trend formed by the gravity of the lifted object, the power output gear 6 rotates clockwise, the drum loosens the line, and the lifted object descends.

[0010] When the line is loosened and stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear 1 by the front end is removed. At this time, the power output gear 6 continues to rotate under the action of gravity. In order to prevent the lifted object from continuing to fall, the friction plate must be quickly locked to reset the brake assembly. At present, another set of auxiliary braking devices linked to the power clutch is generally used. When the clutch is separated, that is, the driving force is removed, the auxiliary braking device is connected to the power input gear 1. Through the force transmission between the gears, the free rotation of the power input gear 1 is locked, so that a tight thread rotation is generated between it and the clockwise rotating power output gear 6, that is, the rotation in the direction of the friction plate is locked. After a certain angle of rotation, the friction plate is locked. At this time, the brake assembly is equivalent to one body. Due to the blocking of the one-way gear 3, the hoisting drum is reversely braked, and the lifted object stops falling.

[0011] The above braking process relies on the downward movement of the lifted object to drive the power output gear 6 to rotate to clamp the brake friction plate to achieve the reset of the friction plate. We call this reset mode passive reset.

[0012] (3) Loose wire condition with no load

[0013] like Figure 2, the driving force at the front end drives the power input gear 1 to rotate clockwise, that is, the gear teeth on the reading side are downward, the inner ring of the power input gear 1 and the left-handed thread pair on the shaft of the power output gear 6 tend to loosen, the one-way gear 3 separates from the friction plate, and the power input gear 1 continues to rotate clockwise until it moves to the left to the locking plane bearing 12 under the action of the reverse thread. At this time, the power input gear 1 passes through the plane bearing 12, the locking nut 11 and the power output gear 6 as one body, and the output gear 6 rotates in the loosening direction. When the no-load loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear 1 is removed. At this time, the output gear 6 is not subjected to external force, and the friction plate in the brake assembly remains in a loosened state. In the absence of external force intervention, it will not reset.

[0014] From the above working process, it can be seen that the traditional capstan drum braking device needs to be equipped with a complex power input gear 1 locking mechanism, that is, an auxiliary braking device linked to the clutch. When the load loosening operation is stopped, that is, the driving force loaded on the power input gear 1 is removed, the auxiliary braking force is used to lock the free rotation of the power input gear 1, so that it can tighten the thread rotation with the power output gear 6 that is passively reversed due to the gravity of the lifted object, lock the one-way gear 3 through the brake friction plate, reset the brake assembly, and realize the reverse braking of the capstan drum.

[0015] This braking method has the following problems: 1) It requires an auxiliary braking device linked to the power clutch to lock the power input gear 1 when the power is removed, which is relatively expensive; 2) The linkage device and the braking device occupy a large space in the reducer; 3) Since the locking force needs to switch with the power and the force transmission chain is long, the reliability is poor; 4) Since the braking depends on a certain rotation angle of the drum and is uncontrollable, there is a slight lag and impact during braking. Summary of the invention

[0016] In view of the problem that the conventional capstan drum brake device is prone to brake failure during use, a self-resetting structure of the brake assembly in the capstan brake device is designed. The principle is to use the torsion of the reset spring to automatically drive the power input gear to rotate counterclockwise, actively lock the friction plate, reset the brake assembly, and realize the automatic reset and active reset of the capstan drum brake device. Specifically, the purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0017] The present invention simplifies the structure of the brake assembly reset mechanism in the winch drum brake device, and at the same time changes the original passive reset of the brake assembly to active reset, which is automatically executed by the reset spring, thereby optimizing the reset mode of the brake assembly. The main difference between the self-reset structure of the brake device and the original technology is that a reset spring is added to the traditional winch drum brake assembly to replace the original complex and space-consuming auxiliary brake device linked to the clutch, that is, the power input gear locking mechanism, and its working process is as follows: the torsion spring installed between the locking nut and the power input gear is wound clockwise, and the pre-elastic force of the torsion spring continuously applies a counterclockwise rotational force to the power input gear, so that the power input gear maintains the tendency to lock the friction plate through the internal thread, ensuring that the power output gear is in a reverse braking state.

[0018] Specifically, a self-resetting structure of a mechanical brake device of a capstan includes:

[0019] A power input gear and a power output gear, wherein the power output gear is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with a first thread, the power input gear is provided with a second thread matching the first thread, one end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the power output gear, and the power input gear is screwed into the rotating shaft;

[0020] A first brake friction pad, a one-way gear and a second brake friction pad are arranged in sequence between the power input gear and the power output gear;

[0021] A locking nut, which is fixed on the rotating shaft and is located on a side of the power input gear away from the power output gear;

[0022] An elastic force storage element is provided between the locking nut and the power input gear, one end of the elastic force storage element is connected to the locking nut, and the other end is connected to the power input gear. When the elastic force storage element is in the initial state, its pre-elastic force continuously applies a tight thread rotation force to the power input gear, keeping the brake assembly including the first brake friction pad, the one-way gear and the second brake friction pad in a locked state, specifically in a left-handed manner.

[0023] The elastic force storage element is a reset spring. The pre-torque of the reset spring keeps the brake assembly in a locked state, and can be forced to open only in the active line loosening condition. After the line loosening is completed, the reset spring automatically rebounds, locks the brake assembly, puts the brake device in a reset state, and the winch drum of the capstan is reversely locked.

[0024] The locking nut and the power input gear are provided with pin holes for fixing the reset spring, and pins are provided at both ends of the reset spring, and the two pins are respectively inserted into the two pin holes.

[0025] The rotating shaft is provided with a third thread, and the third thread is located at an end of the second thread away from the power output gear body, and the locking nut is provided with a fourth thread matched with the third thread.

[0026] The pitch of the third thread is smaller than that of the first thread.

[0027] The rotating shaft is provided with a bushing, which is located between the first brake friction plate, the one-way gear, the second brake friction plate and the rotating shaft.

[0028] A plane bearing is arranged between the locking nut and the power input gear.

[0029] The elastic force storage element is sleeved on the outer side of the plane bearing.

[0030] The structure also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the one-way rotation of the one-way gear.

[0031] The limiting mechanism includes a one-way tooth claw, a spring and a one-way transition gear. The spring is installed between the one-way tooth claw and the box body, and the other end is fixed. The one-way transition gear is respectively meshed with the one-way tooth claw and the one-way gear.

[0032] Hoisting condition: The driving force from the front end drives the power input gear to rotate counterclockwise, that is, the gear teeth on the reading side are upward, and the inner ring of the power input gear and the left-handed thread pair on the power output gear shaft tend to be tightened. Since the return spring has locked the friction plate, the brake assembly is equivalent to one body. Since the one-way gear can rotate counterclockwise, it will not prevent the counterclockwise rotation of the power input gear and the power output gear, and the hoisting can be achieved. When the hoisting stops, the power input gear continues to lock the friction plate under the action of the return spring, and the hoisting drum is in a reverse braking state.

[0033] Loaded loosening condition: The driving force at the front end drives the power input gear to overcome the friction resistance and the torsion of the reset spring and rotate clockwise, that is, the side gear teeth are downward, so that the one-way gear is separated from the friction plate. The capstan drum performs loosening movement driven by the gravity of the hoisted object, and the hoisted object descends. When the loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear is removed. At this time, the torsion of the reset spring automatically drives the power input gear to rotate counterclockwise, actively locks the friction plate, and resets the brake assembly to achieve reverse braking of the winch drum.

[0034] No-load loosening condition: the driving force at the front end drives the power input gear to overcome the friction resistance and the torque of the reset spring, and rotates clockwise to separate the one-way gear from the friction plate. The power input gear continues to rotate clockwise until the gear moves to the left to lock the plane bearing under the action of the reverse thread. At this time, the power input gear is integrated with the power output gear through the plane bearing and the locking nut, and the power input gear pushes the power output gear to loosen the wire. After the loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear is removed. At this time, the torque of the reset spring automatically drives the power input gear to rotate counterclockwise, actively locks the friction plate, resets the brake assembly, and realizes the reverse braking of the winch drum.

[0035] From the comparison of the above working processes, it can be seen that the braking of the drum in the traditional capstan depends on the descent of the lifted object, which drives the power output gear to rotate in the opposite direction, and then generates a tight thread rotation between the power input gear that is forcibly locked by the auxiliary braking device, locks the friction plate, and resets the brake assembly, which belongs to passive reset. The present invention adopts reset spring reset, which can realize active and automatic reset of the brake assembly. Relatively speaking, it greatly simplifies the structure of the reset mechanism of the brake assembly and improves the reliability of the reset of the brake assembly. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by setting a reset spring, it can be realized that when the power input gear loses external driving force, the power input gear can be driven to automatically reset close to the power output gear, thereby eliminating the need for external auxiliary structure, reducing the size of the equipment, and effectively reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the components of a traditional capstan drum brake assembly

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the traditional capstan drum brake assembly assembly

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the components of the brake assembly of the present invention

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the lifting state and reverse braking state of the brake assembly of the present invention

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the brake assembly in the loose wire state of the present invention

[0041] Among them: 1. power input gear, 2. first brake friction plate, 3. one-way gear, 4. second brake friction plate, 5. bushing, 6. power output gear, 7. one-way gear, 8. one-way claw, 9. spring, 10. fixing pin, 11. locking nut, 12. plane bearing, 13. return spring, 14. rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] A self-resetting structure of a mechanical brake device of a capstan, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in addition to being applied to capstan equipment, this structure can also be applied to similar winches. On the basis of the traditional capstan drum brake device, the linkage auxiliary brake device, that is, the forced locking mechanism of the power input gear 1, is cancelled. A reset spring 13 is installed between the locking nut 11 of the traditional capstan drum brake assembly and the power input gear 1. The reset spring 13 installed between the locking nut 11 and the power input gear 1 is wound clockwise. During installation, the power input gear 1 is rotated counterclockwise until the friction plate is locked. First, insert the left pin of the spring into the pin hole on the locking nut 11, tighten the right pin clockwise in the direction of the reset spring, forcefully rotate about 120°, and insert it into the pin hole on the left side of the power input gear 1.

[0044] At this time, the return spring 13 generates a continuous torsional preload force on the power input gear 1, so that the power input gear 1 locks the brake friction plate and maintains the braking state.

[0045] The return spring 13 must have a large rebound torque to ensure that it can overcome the loose thread resistance of the power input gear 1 after being tightened with the plane bearing 12 in the no-load loose thread condition.

[0046] Lifting operations: Figure 4 As shown, the power input gear 1 rotates counterclockwise, and the friction plate is locked under the action of the return spring, and the brake assembly is equivalent to one body. Since the one-way gear 3 allows the power output gear 6 to rotate counterclockwise, the object is hoisted and lifted. When the lifting stops, the driving force is removed, the power input gear 1 is separated from the power input end, and the friction plate continues to be locked under the action of the torsion of the return spring 13, and the hoisting drum is in a braking state.

[0047] Lifting objects down: Figure 5 As shown, the power input gear 1 rotates clockwise to overcome the friction resistance and the torsion of the reset spring 13, and loosen the friction plate. The capstan performs a line loosening movement driven by the gravity of the hoisted object, and the hoisted object descends. When the line loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear 1 is removed. At this time, the power input gear 1 is separated from the power input end, and the torsion of the reset spring 13 automatically drives the power input gear 1 to rotate counterclockwise, actively locks the friction plate, resets the brake assembly, and realizes the braking of the capstan winch drum.

[0048] No-load descent: Figure 5As shown, the power input gear 1 overcomes the friction resistance and the torsion of the reset spring 13, rotates clockwise, and separates the one-way gear 3 from the friction plate. The power input gear 1 continues to rotate clockwise until it moves to the left to the locking plane bearing 12 under the action of the reverse thread. At this time, the power input gear 1 passes through the plane bearing 12 and the locking nut 11 and is equivalent to the power output gear 6. The power input gear 1 pushes the power output gear 6 to do a line loosening movement, that is, the empty hook descends. When the line loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear 1 is removed. At this time, the power input gear 1 is separated from the power input end, and the torsion of the reset spring 13 automatically overcomes the resistance of the loosening thread after the power input gear 1 and the plane bearing 12 are tightened, driving the power input gear 1 to rotate counterclockwise, actively locking the friction plate, resetting the brake assembly, and realizing the braking of the winch drum of the winch mill.

[0049] In some other embodiments, the reset spring 13 is inserted into the pin of the locking nut 11, and can also be designed to be directly inserted into the rotating shaft 14 or be set on other components fixed to the rotating shaft 14. In this case, the locking nut 11 is only used to lock and adjust the rotation angle of the power input gear 1.

[0050] In some other embodiments, the reset spring 13 may be replaced by other elastic force storage elements other than the torsion spring, such as a pressure spring, rubber, air pressure, etc., to achieve a similar effect.

Claims

1. A self-resetting structure of a mechanical brake device of a capstan, comprising: A power input gear (1) and a power output gear (6), wherein the power output gear (6) is provided with a rotating shaft (14), the rotating shaft (14) is provided with a first thread, the power input gear (1) is provided with a second thread matching the first thread, one end of the rotating shaft (14) is fixed to the power output gear (6), and the power input gear (1) is screwed into the rotating shaft (14); A first brake friction pad (2), a one-way gear (3) and a second brake friction pad (4) are sequentially arranged between the power input gear (1) and the power output gear (6); A locking nut (11), wherein the locking nut (11) is fixed on the rotating shaft (14) and is located on a side of the power input gear (1) away from the power output gear (6); The invention is characterized in that an elastic force storage element is provided between the locking nut (11) and the power input gear (1), one end of the elastic force storage element is connected to the locking nut (11), and the other end is connected to the power input gear (1). When the elastic force storage element is in an initial state, its pre-elastic force continuously applies a tight thread rotation force to the power input gear (1), thereby keeping the brake assembly including the first brake friction pad (2), the one-way gear (3) and the second brake friction pad (4) in a locked state; The elastic force storage element is a return spring (13); A plane bearing (12) is provided between the locking nut (11) and the power input gear (1); The elastic force storage element is sleeved on the outside of the plane bearing (12); During the lifting operation: the driving force from the front end drives the power input gear (1) to rotate counterclockwise, and the inner ring of the power input gear (1) and the left-handed thread pair on the shaft of the power output gear (6) tend to be tightened, thereby achieving hoisting. When the lifting stops, the power input gear (1) continues to lock the friction plate under the action of the return spring (13), and the hoisting drum is in a reverse braking state. When the wire is loosened with load: the driving force at the front end drives the power input gear (1) to rotate clockwise to overcome the friction resistance and the torsion of the return spring (13), so that the one-way gear is separated from the friction plate, and the winch drum performs wire loosening movement driven by the gravity of the lifted object. When the lifted object descends and the wire loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear (1) is removed. At this time, the torsion of the return spring (13) drives the power input gear (1) to rotate counterclockwise, actively locking the friction plate, and the brake assembly is reset, so as to achieve reverse braking of the winch drum; In the no-load line loosening condition: the driving force at the front end drives the power input gear (1) to overcome the friction resistance and the torque of the return spring (13) to rotate clockwise, so that the one-way gear is separated from the friction plate, and the power input gear (1) continues to rotate clockwise until the gear moves leftward to the locking plane bearing under the action of the reverse thread. The power input gear (1) is integrated with the power output gear (6) through the plane bearing and the locking nut. The power input gear (1) drives the power output gear (6) to loosen the line. After the line loosening stops, the driving force loaded on the power input gear (1) is removed, and the torque of the return spring (13) automatically drives the power input gear (1) to rotate counterclockwise, actively locking the friction plate, so that the brake assembly is reset, and the reverse braking of the winch drum is realized.

2. The self-resetting structure of the mechanical brake device of a capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking nut (11) and the power input gear (1) are provided with pin holes for fixing the reset spring (13), and pins are provided at both ends of the reset spring (13), and the two pins are respectively inserted into the two pin holes.

3. The self-resetting structure of the mechanical brake device of a capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (14) is provided with a third thread, which is located at an end of the second thread away from the main body of the power output gear (6), and the locking nut (11) is provided with a fourth thread that matches the third thread.

4. The self-resetting structure of the mechanical brake device of the capstan according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pitch of the third thread is smaller than that of the first thread.

5. The self-resetting structure of the mechanical brake device of a capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (14) is provided with a bushing (5), and the bushing (5) is located between the first brake friction plate (2), the one-way gear (3), the second brake friction plate (4) and the rotating shaft (14).

6. The self-resetting structure of the mechanical brake device of a capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the one-way rotation of the one-way gear (3).

7. The self-resetting structure of the mechanical brake device of the capstan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism comprises a one-way toothed claw (8), a spring (9) and a one-way transition gear (7); the spring (9) is installed between the one-way toothed claw (8) and the box body, and the other end is fixed; the one-way transition gear (7) is respectively meshed with the one-way toothed claw (8) and the one-way gear (3).

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