Sleeper tensioning equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sleeper tensioning device. The present invention includes a mold, a tension rod, a double-rod tensioning mechanism, and a four-rod tensioning mechanism. A plurality of forming cavities are arranged in the mold, and six prestressed steel bars are arranged in the forming cavities and connected to the tension rod. Two tension rods and four tension rods are respectively arranged on the outer side of the mold of a single cavity. A double-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged at the left end of the mold, and a four-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged at the right end of the mold. The double-rod tensioning mechanism includes: a first pushing cylinder, a first frame body, a first moving beam, and a double-rod tensioning device. A plurality of double-rod tensioning devices are arranged on the first moving beam, and each double-rod tensioning device is provided with a tensioning locking hole channel adapted to be butt-jointed with two adjacent tension rods. The first moving beam is slidably arranged on the first frame body, and the first frame body is provided with the first pushing cylinder to drive the first moving beam to slide and butt-joint with the tension rod. The four-rod tensioning mechanism has the same structural composition as the double-rod tensioning mechanism, including: a second frame body, a second moving beam, a second pushing cylinder, and a four-rod tensioning device. A lifting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the mold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sleeper production, and particularly relates to a sleeper tensioning device. Background Art

[0002] With the modernization development of railways, sleepers are gradually replaced by concrete precast sleepers. With the construction of the railway system, the consumption of sleepers is huge. As the bearing components of railway vehicles, prestressed steel bars need to be built in during the production of precast sleepers. At present, there are few professional devices for producing concrete sleepers in China. Generally, small tensioning machines are used for independent connection and individual tensioning, resulting in low efficiency, poor quality, poor compatibility with different sleeper specifications, inability to guarantee the tensioning accuracy, poor synchronization, and low automation level. Due to the inferior equipment and production process, the sleepers do not have the conditions for large-scale flow production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems of intelligent, automatic, integrated, and large-scale production of sleepers, the invention provides a sleeper tensioning device.

[0004] The invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The sleeper tensioning device includes a mold, a tensioning rod, and a tensioning mechanism. The tensioning rod is arranged outside the mold, and a tensioning mechanism is arranged corresponding to the tensioning rod outside the mold. The tensioning mechanism includes a double-rod tensioning mechanism and a four-rod tensioning mechanism. Multiple forming cavities for pouring sleepers are arranged in the mold. Six prestressed steel bars are arranged in each forming cavity and connected to the tensioning rod. The left tensioning end of the mold for a single cavity is two adjacent tensioning rods, and the right tensioning end of the mold for the same single cavity is four adjacent tensioning rods. A double-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged at the left end of the mold, and a four-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged at the right end of the mold. The double-rod tensioning mechanism includes: a first push cylinder, a first frame body, a first moving beam, and a double-rod tensioning device. A number of double-rod tensioning devices are distributed on the first moving beam. Each double-rod tensioning device is provided with a tensioning locking hole adapted to be docked with two adjacent tensioning rods. The first moving beam is slidably arranged on the first frame body, and the first frame body is provided with the first push cylinder to drive the first moving beam to slide and dock with the tensioning rod. The four-rod tensioning mechanism includes: a second frame body, a second moving beam, a second push cylinder, and a four-rod tensioning device. A number of four-rod tensioning devices are distributed on the second moving beam. Each four-rod tensioning device is provided with a tensioning locking hole adapted to be docked with four tensioning rods. The second moving beam is slidably arranged on the second frame body, and the second frame body is provided with the second push cylinder to drive the second moving beam to slide and dock with the tensioning rod.

[0006] There are chain plates arranged between adjacent double - root tensioning devices and between adjacent four - root tensioning devices. Connection holes are provided at both ends of the chain plates. Lower pressing plates are fixedly arranged on Moving Beam 1 and Moving Beam 2 respectively. Upper pressing plates are arranged to be adapted to the lower pressing plates. Double - root tensioning devices and four - root tensioning devices are respectively provided with fixed rod holes and pass through fixed rods. The rod heads of the fixed rods are exposed. The lower pressing plates and the upper pressing plates press and fix the fixed rods. The connection holes of the chain plates are adapted to the rod heads of the fixed rods. Chain plates are arranged between adjacent double - root tensioning devices to restrict the distance between adjacent double - root tensioning devices, and chain plates are arranged between adjacent four - root tensioning devices to restrict the distance between adjacent four - root tensioning devices.

[0007] The double - root tensioning device includes: a rear plate, a front plate, a connecting plate, a double - connecting plate, a pressure sensor, a pull rod, a motor, a connecting wrench sleeve, a connecting head, and a displacement sensor. The rear plate and the front plate are connected by the connecting plate. Two adjacent connecting wrench sleeves are provided on the front plate. The connecting wrench sleeves are used to introduce the tensioning pull rod to realize the screwing of the nut. External teeth are provided on the connecting wrench sleeves. A gearbox and two motors are also provided on the front plate. The two motors respectively drive and engage the external teeth of the two connecting wrench sleeves through the gearbox to make them rotate. Two rectangular cavities are arranged between the rear plate and the front plate. Connecting heads are arranged in each of the two cavities. The connecting heads are provided with inner holes for docking the tensioning pull rod ends. The inner holes of the connecting heads are also provided with insertion slots and telescopic inserts to realize the locking of the tensioning pull rod. The rear plate is provided with a tensioning cylinder and two pull rods passing through the plate. Each pull rod is driven by a tensioning cylinder with independent power for its tensioning displacement. One end of the pull rod is fixed to the connecting head, and the other end of the pull rod is fixed to the rod end of the tensioning cylinder through the double - connecting plate. A thin rod is provided at the rod end of the pull rod. The thin rod end passes through the double - connecting plate and the pressure sensor and is then locked by a nut. A displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the rear plate, and the measuring rod end of the displacement sensor is connected to the connecting head.

[0008] The four - root tensioning device includes: a base, symmetrically arranged support plate frames, a variable - distance mechanism, a lower tensioning module, an upper tensioning module, and a pin shaft. Two support plate frames are vertically symmetrically arranged on the base. The variable - distance mechanism is respectively connected to the inner sides of the two support plate frames. The variable - distance mechanism is provided with a cylinder inner cavity. The cylinder inner cavity is provided with an upper piston rod that independently expands and contracts upward and a lower piston rod that independently expands and contracts downward. The lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively provided with fixed blocks. The fixed blocks of each tensioning module are respectively provided with coaxial vertical through - holes. The lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module are respectively connected below and above the variable - distance mechanism. The lower piston rod of the variable - distance mechanism is fixedly connected to the fixed block of the lower tensioning module, and the upper piston rod of the variable - distance mechanism is fixedly connected to the fixed block of the upper tensioning module. The pin shaft sequentially passes through the vertical through - holes of the fixed block of the upper tensioning module, the vertical hole of the variable - distance mechanism, and the vertical through - holes of the fixed block of the lower tensioning module to realize variable - distance vertical guidance. The lower tensioning module and the upper tensioning module have the same structure and are respectively provided with tensioning locking mechanisms. Each tensioning locking mechanism is adapted to tension and connect two tensioning pull rods.

[0009] The lower tensioning module includes a wrench sleeve rotary driver for docking the tensioning rod and driving the nut to rotate, a locking mechanism, and a tensioning cylinder. The wrench sleeve rotary driver includes: two juxtaposed connecting wrench sleeves II, a driver gear box body, and two motors II. The driver gear box body is provided with the connecting wrench sleeve II and the motor II. The torque output by the motor II is transmitted to the connecting wrench sleeve II through gear transmission. The two motors independently output a power respectively to drive the corresponding connecting wrench sleeve II to rotate. Two tensioning cylinders are connected behind the wrench sleeve rotary driver, and the two are fixedly connected through two side plates and a middle plate arranged vertically in parallel. The two tensioning cylinders respectively correspond to one connecting wrench sleeve II. Two guiding cavities are arranged between the side plates and the middle plate. Each cavity is provided with a connector II. The connector II is provided with an inner hole for docking the tensioning rod end, and the connector II is provided with an insertion plate groove and is adapted to lock the insertion plate of the tensioning rod. The cavity formed by the side plates and the middle plate and the connector II accommodating axial displacement therein constitute the locking mechanism. Each tensioning cylinder is provided with an axial through hole, and a pull rod II is arranged in the axial through hole. One end of the pull rod II is connected to the connector II, and the other end is connected to the rod end of the tensioning cylinder. The tensioning rod is docked and introduced by the connecting wrench sleeve II into the inner hole of the connector II and locked by the insertion plate. The tensioning cylinder drives the pull rod II to traction the tensioning rod for tensioning. A fixing block is arranged outside the side plate.

[0010] A lifting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the mold.

[0011] The support plate frame is provided with an oil passage communicating with an external oil source, and the oil passage communicates with the cylinder inner cavity of the variable pitch mechanism.

[0012] Four forming cavities are arranged in the mold.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can obtain the following technical effects: realizing the batch production and flow production of sleepers, without the intervention of lifting equipment, automatic docking, tensioning, and locking. The tensioning device has high compactness while having spacing adjustment, high integration of the transmission structure, high control and adjustment precision, stepless speed regulation by hydraulic control, accurate control and feedback of displacement and pressure data, convenient setting and maintenance of sensors, modular setting of equipment, strong on-site maintenance ability, the production of sleepers meets the production of sleepers with different steel bar spacings, and the synchronous production of four sleepers can increase or reduce the production capacity. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1 A - A sectional view;

[0016] Figure 3 is a three - dimensional schematic diagram of the double - root tensioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 is a front view schematic diagram of the double - root tensioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the four tensioning mechanisms of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the double tensioning device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 is the semi-sectional schematic diagram of the double tensioning device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 is the composition and exploded decomposition schematic diagram of the four tensioning devices of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 is the front view schematic diagram of the four tensioning devices of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 is the front view schematic diagram of the lower tensioning module of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 is the present invention Figure 10 Cross-sectional view B-B;

[0025] Figure 12 is the semi-sectional schematic diagram of the variable pitch mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, 1-frame, 2-rail, 3-first moving beam, 4-slider, 5-cylinder seat, 6-first pushing cylinder, 7-double tensioning device, 8-lower pressure plate, 9-upper pressure plate, 10-chain plate, 11-mold, 12-tensioning rod, 13-lifting cylinder, 14-second frame, 15-second moving beam, 16-second cylinder seat, 17-second pushing cylinder, 18-four tensioning devices, 701-rear plate, 702-front plate, 703-connecting plate, 704-integral piston rod, 705-double connecting plate, 706-pressure sensor, 707-tension rod, 708-motor, 709-connecting wrench sleeve, 710-inserting cylinder, 711-connector, 712-displacement sensor, 1801-base, 1802-variable pitch mechanism, 1803-lower tensioning module, 1804-upper tensioning module, 1805-pin shaft, 1803-1-gear, 1803-2-connecting wrench sleeve two, 1803-3-second motor, 1803-4-tensioning cylinder body, 1803-5-second tension rod, 1803-6-second connector, 1803-7-lifting cylinder, 1803-8-piston rod of tensioning cylinder, 1803-9-pressure plate, 1803-10-force sensor, 1803-11-fixed block. Detailed implementation manner

[0027] As Figure 1-2 shown, the sleeper tensioning equipment includes a mold 11, a tensioning rod 12, a double tensioning mechanism, and a four tensioning mechanism. Tensioning rods 12 are arranged on both sides of the mold 11, and a plurality of forming cavities for pouring sleepers are arranged in the mold. AsFigure 1 As shown, there are four forming cavities arranged inside the mold. Six prestressed steel bars are arranged in each forming cavity and connected to the tension rods. The left tensioning end of the mold for a single cavity has two adjacent tension rods, and the right tensioning end of the mold for the same single cavity has four adjacent tension rods. A double-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged corresponding to the two adjacent tension rod ends, and a four-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged corresponding to the four adjacent tension rod ends. As Figure 2 , a plurality of lifting cylinders 13 that lift synchronously are arranged at the bottom of the mold between the double-rod tensioning mechanism and the four-rod tensioning mechanism.

[0028] As Figure 3 shown, the double-rod tensioning mechanism includes a frame 1, a moving beam 3, a pushing cylinder 6, and a double-rod tensioning device 7. Two parallel tracks 2 are arranged on the frame 1. Sliders 4 adapted to the tracks 2 are arranged at the bottom of the moving beam 3. A cylinder seat 5 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the frame 1. The pushing cylinder 6 is fixed to the cylinder seat 5. The piston rod of the pushing cylinder 6 is connected to the moving beam 3 and pushes and pulls the moving beam 3 to slide along the track 2. A number of double-rod tensioning devices 7 are distributed on the moving beam 3. Each double-rod tensioning device 7 is provided with a tensioning and locking hole adapted to be docked with two adjacent tension rods. As Figure 6-7, the double-rope tensioning device 7 includes: a pressure block, a rear plate 701, a front plate 702, a connecting plate 703, an integral piston rod 704, a double connecting plate 705, a pressure sensor 706, a pull rod 707, a motor 708, a connecting wrench sleeve 709, a plug cylinder 710, a connector 711, and a displacement sensor 712. The rear plate 701 and the front plate 702 are connected by the connecting plate 703. Two adjacent connecting wrench sleeves 709 are provided on the front plate 702. The pressure block is arranged at the docking end face of the double-rope tensioning device 7. The connecting wrench sleeve 709 includes a cylinder body, external teeth, fins, grooves, and one-way teeth. External teeth are arranged in the middle of the outer cylinder of the cylinder body. Fins are arranged at the front end of the cylinder body. Preferably, two fins are symmetrically arranged. The edge of the fin transitions to the groove for introducing the nut into the groove of the wrench. The groove opening is lower than the fin. One-way teeth are arranged at the rear end of the cylinder body. The connecting wrench sleeve 709 is used to introduce the tension rod to realize the screwing of the nut. Corresponding to each connecting wrench sleeve 709, a gearbox and a motor 708 are also provided on the front plate 702. The drive shaft of the motor 708 is connected with a gear, and the gear meshes with the external teeth of the connecting wrench sleeve 709. Two rectangular cavities are arranged between the rear plate 701 and the front plate 702. The connector 711 with a rectangular shape is arranged in the cavity. The inner hole of the connector 711 for docking the tension rod is provided. An insertion plate groove is also provided in the inner hole of the connector 711. A telescopic insertion plate is arranged in the insertion plate groove. A locking hole for locking the tension rod is arranged in the telescopic insertion plate. A lifting cylinder bracket is fixedly arranged outside the connector 711. The plug cylinder 710 is fixedly arranged on the lifting cylinder bracket. The rod end of the plug cylinder 710 is connected to drive the telescopic insertion plate. The rear plate 701 is provided with a tension cylinder and a pull rod 707 passing through the plate. One end of the pull rod 707 is fixed to the connector 711. The tension cylinder is a cylinder body fixed to the rear plate 701. An integral piston rod 704 is arranged in the cylinder body. Preferably, two tension cylinders are symmetrically arranged. The pull rod 707 is located at the centering position between two adjacent tension cylinders. Two adjacent tension cylinders act on the pull rod 707 together. Specifically, the rod ends of two adjacent tension cylinders are connected by the double connecting plate 705. A thin rod is arranged at the end of the pull rod 707. The end of the thin rod passes through the double connecting plate 705 and the pressure sensor 706 and is locked by a nut. The thrust of the tension cylinder acts on the double connecting plate 705, the pressure sensor 706, and the pull rod 707 in sequence, causing the connector 711 to generate displacement. The displacement sensor 712 is fixedly arranged on the rear plate 701. The measuring rod end of the displacement sensor 712 is connected to the connector 711.

[0029] As Figure 5 shown, the four-rope tensioning mechanism includes a frame two 14, a moving beam two 15, a pushing cylinder two 17, and four double-rope tensioning devices 18. Two parallel tracks are arranged on the frame two 14. Sliders adapted to the tracks 2 are arranged at the bottom of the moving beam two 15. A cylinder seat two 16 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the frame two 14. The pushing cylinder two 17 is fixed to the cylinder seat two 16. The piston rod of the pushing cylinder two 17 is connected to the moving beam two 15 and pushes and pulls the moving beam two 15 to slide along the track 2. A number of four-rope tensioning devices 18 are distributed on the moving beam two 15. Each four-rope tensioning device 18 is provided with a tensioning and locking hole passage adapted to dock with four tension rods. AsFigure 8-9 , the four tensioning devices 18 include a base 1801, symmetrically arranged support plate frames, a variable distance mechanism 1802, a lower tensioning module 1803 and an upper tensioning module 1804, and a pin shaft 1805. The base 1801 is provided with a shaft hole for installation and fixation with the main machine. Two support plate frames are vertically and symmetrically arranged on the base 1801. The variable distance mechanism 1802 is respectively connected and arranged on the inner sides of the two support plate frames. The support plate frames are provided with oil channels communicating with an external oil source. For example, Figure 12 , the variable distance mechanism 1802 includes a cylinder block with a rectangular shape. The cylinder block is provided with a vertical hole and an inner cavity of the cylinder. The inner cavity of the cylinder is provided with an upper piston rod and a lower piston rod integrated with a piston and a rod. The rod end is provided with an internal thread. The rod of the upper piston rod extends upward, and the rod of the lower piston rod extends downward. The rod hole and the piston shaft are sealed, separating the inner cavity of the cylinder into an upper rod chamber, a lower rod chamber, and a rodless chamber. Among them, the rodless chamber is provided with a hole for connecting to the oil channel of the support plate frame, and the upper rod chamber and the lower rod chamber merge and pass through the oil channel connecting to the support plate frame.

[0030] For example, Figure 10 , Figure 11 , the lower tensioning module 1803 includes: a front box plate, a pressing block, a connecting wrench sleeve two 1803-2, a gear box, a side plate, a middle plate, a rear cylinder plate, a tensioning cylinder body 1803-4, a fixing block 1803-11, a lifting cylinder 1803-7, a link head two 1803-6, a lifting cylinder bracket, a pull rod two 1803-5, a pressing plate 1803-9, a force sensor, a pull cylinder piston rod 1803-8, a pull cylinder guide sleeve, a pull cylinder gland, a motor two 1803-3, a gear 1803-1, a sealing shaft sleeve, and a displacement sensor. Among them, the connecting wrench sleeve two 1803-2 is used to introduce a tensioning rod to realize the screwing of the nut.

[0031] Four adjacent tensioning rods are set for the mold, and the lower tensioning module 1803 is provided with two groups of tensioning and locking mechanisms adapted to it. For example, Figure 11As shown in the tensioning and locking mechanism of the cross-section, a gear 1803-1 is arranged inside the gearbox and fixed by a front panel of the box. The gearbox and the front panel of the box are provided with coaxial holes, and a connecting wrench sleeve two 1803-2 is installed in the holes. A pressure block is arranged on the butting end face of the tensioning and locking mechanism, and the external teeth are meshed with the gear 1803-1. A motor two 1803-3 is fixedly arranged outside the gearbox, and the driving shaft of the motor two 1803-3 extends into the gearbox to drive the connecting gear 1803-1. The above constitutes a wrench sleeve rotary driver. A tensioning cylinder is connected behind the gearbox. The tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected through two side plates and a middle plate. A rectangular cavity is arranged between the side plates and the middle plate. A connector two 1803-6 with a rectangular shape is arranged in the cavity. The connector two 1803-6 is provided with an inner hole for butting the tensioning rod end. An insertion plate groove is also arranged in the inner hole of the connector two 1803-6. A telescopic insertion plate is arranged in the insertion plate groove, and a locking hole for locking the tensioning rod is arranged in the telescopic insertion plate. A lifting cylinder bracket is fixedly arranged outside the connector two 1803-6, and a lifting cylinder 1803-7 is fixedly arranged on the lifting cylinder bracket. The rod end of the lifting cylinder 1803-7 is connected to drive the telescopic insertion plate. A second one-way tooth is arranged at the entrance end of the inner hole of the connector two 1803-6, and the second one-way tooth is correspondingly clamped with the one-way tooth to realize the rotation direction limitation of the connecting wrench sleeve two 1803-2. As Figure 11 , a piston and a rod-integrated tensioning cylinder piston rod 1803-8 are arranged in the cylinder inner cavity of the tensioning cylinder body 1803-4. The tensioning cylinder piston rod 1803-8 is provided with a through inner hole. A tensioning cylinder guide sleeve is sleeved on the rod end of the tensioning cylinder piston rod 1803-8. The tensioning cylinder gland is connected to the tensioning cylinder body 1803-4 by screws to fix the tensioning cylinder guide sleeve. The tensioning cylinder body 1803-4 is also provided with a hole for the tensioning rod two 1803-5 to pass through, and a sealing shaft sleeve is arranged at the hole end. The cylinder rear plate is connected and fixed to the sealing shaft sleeve by screws. A boss is arranged in the middle section of the tensioning rod two 1803-5. One end of the tensioning rod two 1803-5 is connected to the connector two 1803-6, and the other end passes through the inner hole of the tensioning cylinder piston rod 1803-8 and then a pressure plate 1803-9 and a force sensor 1803-10 are installed, and the end is fixed by screwing a nut. Two adjacent tensioning and locking mechanisms share parts: the gearbox, the front panel of the box, the cylinder rear plate, and the tensioning cylinder body 1803-4. Two displacement sensors are fixedly arranged on the middle plate. The measuring rods of the two displacement sensors are respectively connected to the connector two 1803-6 of the two tensioning and locking mechanisms. The displacement sensors are used to measure the axial telescopic displacement of the connector two 1803-6. A fixed block 1803-11 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the side plate. The fixed block 1803-11 is provided with a vertical through hole adapted to the vertical hole, and the fixed block 1803-11 is provided with a connecting hole for connecting the lower piston rod.

[0032] The lower tensioning module 1803 and the upper tensioning module 1804 have the same structural composition. As Figure 8, the difference lies in the different distances between the two sets of tensioning and locking mechanisms, and the distance can be adaptively designed according to the actual working conditions; the lower tensioning module 1803 and the upper tensioning module 1804 are respectively connected below and above the variable distance mechanism 1802. The lower piston rod of the variable distance mechanism 1802 is fixedly connected to the fixed block of the lower tensioning module 1803, and the upper piston rod of the variable distance mechanism 1802 is fixedly connected to the fixed block of the upper tensioning module 1804. The pin shaft 1805 passes through the vertical through holes of the upper tensioning module fixed block, the vertical holes of the variable distance mechanism, and the vertical through holes of the lower tensioning module fixed block in sequence to realize variable distance vertical guidance. The variable distance mechanism 1802 drives the upper and lower piston rods to expand and contract to adjust the size of the steel bar spacing, thereby realizing the variable distance function.

[0033] Such as Figure 4 , the distance between adjacent double tensioning devices 7 can be adjusted. A fixed rod hole is provided between the rear plate 701 and the front plate 702 and a fixed rod is passed through. The rod head of the fixed rod is exposed and is pressed and fixed by the lower pressing plate 8 and the upper pressing plate 9 fixed on the moving beam 1. A link plate 10 is connected between the fixed rods of adjacent double tensioning devices 7. Connecting holes adapted to pass through the fixed rods are provided at both ends of the link plate 10. The two hole distances of the link plate 10 can be set as required, and the distance between adjacent double tensioning devices 7 can be adjusted by replacing the link plate 10 with different hole distances. Such as Figure 5 , the same fixed rods, lower pressing plates, upper pressing plates, and connecting plates as described above are also provided between the four tensioning devices 18, and the distance adjustment method is the same.

[0034] The working mode is:

[0035] The working steps are divided into mold preparation, distance adjustment, docking, tensioning, and locking.

[0036] Mold preparation, such as Figure 1-2 , the mold 11 is transported to the working station, the lifting cylinder 13 lifts the mold 11 to align with the double tensioning devices 7 and the four tensioning devices 18 in height, so that the axes of the tensioning and locking holes and the tensioning rods are at the same height. The double tensioning mechanism works, and the first pushing cylinder 6 pushes the moving beam 1 to slide along the track 2, so that a number of double tensioning devices 7 distributed on the moving beam 1 are close to the left end of the mold 11; the four tensioning mechanisms also work at the same time, and the second pushing cylinder 17 pushes the moving beam 2 to slide along the track 2, so that a number of four tensioning devices 18 distributed on the moving beam 2 are close to the right end of the mold 11.

[0037] Distance adjustment, such as Figure 1-5, according to the specifications of the mold and / or the sleeper within the mold, determine the sleeper spacing of the corresponding specifications. Correspondingly, adjust the adjacent spacing of the double tensioning devices 7 and the adjacent spacing of the four tensioning devices 18. The adjustment method is to remove or replace the pressed lower platen 8 and upper platen 9, and after replacing the corresponding dimension chain plate 10, adjust the spacing between adjacent double tensioning devices 7 or adjacent four tensioning devices 18, and then reinstall the lower platen 8, upper platen 9, and chain plate 10 to achieve the adjustment of the horizontal spacing.

[0038] The adjustment of the steel bar spacing is mainly for the steel bar spacing of the sleeper, and automatically adjusts the vertical spacing between the lower tensioning module 1803 and the upper tensioning module 1804 of the four tensioning devices 18. For example Figure 5 , Figure 8-12 , according to the specifications of the mold and / or the sleeper within the mold, determine the vertical spacing between the upper and lower rods of the four adjacent tension rods of the mold. The variable-spacing mechanism 1802 works to drive the lower tensioning module 1803 and / or the upper tensioning module 1804 to perform lifting displacement respectively, so that the spacing between them changes to correspond to the four adjacent tension rods at the tensioning end of the mold.

[0039] Docking, for example Figure 1-11 , the double tensioning mechanism works. The first push cylinder 6 pushes the first moving beam 3 to slide along the track 2, so that a number of double tensioning devices 7 arranged on the first moving beam 3 approach the left end of the mold 11, and the two tension rods are respectively docked into the corresponding connecting wrench sleeves 709. The lifting and inserting plate cylinder 710 is connected to drive the telescopic inserting plate to clamp the tension rod to complete the docking, so that the connector 711 forms an integral body with the tension rod and is relatively fixed, and the connecting wrench sleeve 709 clamps the locking nut; the four tensioning mechanisms also work at the same time. The second push cylinder 17 pushes the second moving beam 15 to slide along the track 2, so that a number of four tensioning devices 18 arranged on the second moving beam 15 approach the right end of the mold 11, and the four tension rods are respectively docked into the second connecting wrench sleeve 1803-2. The lifting cylinder 1803-7 is connected to drive the telescopic inserting plate to clamp the tension rod to complete the docking, and the second connecting wrench sleeve 1803-2 clamps the locking nut.

[0040] Tensioning, for example Figure 1-11, the pressure blocks of the double-strand tensioning device 7 and the four-strand tensioning device 18 abut against both ends of the mold. The double-strand tensioning device 7 is tensioned. The rodless cavity of the tensioning cylinder is supplied with oil. The oil pressure acts on the integral piston rod 704. The combined force of two adjacent tensioning cylinders acts on the pull rod 707. The thrust of the tensioning cylinder acts on the double-link plate 705, the pressure sensor 706, and the pull rod 707 in sequence, causing the connector 711 to displace. The tensioning pull rod stretches the steel bar for tensioning. The tensioning synchronization is precisely controlled by the hydraulic system that supplies oil to the tensioning cylinder. The pressure sensor 706 and the displacement sensor 712 transmit data to the control system, and the control system controls the output pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic system. The four-strand tensioning device 18 is tensioned. The lower tensioning module 1803 and the upper tensioning module 1804 have the same structure and work synchronously. Taking the lower tensioning module 1803 as an example, two groups of tensioning and locking mechanisms work synchronously. The cylinder inner cavity between adjacent sealing bushings in the tensioning cylinder body 1803-4 is pressurized. The oil pressure acts on the pull rod of the tensioning cylinder 1803-8. The thrust acts on the pressure plate 1803-9, the force sensor 1803-10, and the second pull rod 1803-5 in sequence, causing the second connector 1803-6 to displace. The tensioning pull rod stretches the steel bar for tensioning. The tensioning synchronization is precisely controlled by the hydraulic system that supplies oil to the tensioning cylinder. The force sensor 1803-10 and the displacement sensor transmit data to the control system, and the control system controls the output pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic system. The double-strand tensioning device 7 and the four-strand tensioning device 18 perform synchronous tensioning.

[0041] Locking, such as Figure 1-11 , the double-strand tensioning device 7 is locked. The motor 708 drives the gear to rotate, meshing with the external teeth of the connecting wrench sleeve 709, causing the connecting wrench sleeve 709 to rotate. The wing of the connecting wrench sleeve 709 catches the protrusion outside the nut, causing the nut to rotate relative to the tensioning pull rod and lock. The plug cylinder 710 works to drive the telescopic plug, separating the connector 711 from the tensioning pull rod. The four-strand tensioning device 18 is locked. The second motor 1803-3 drives the gear 1803-1 to rotate, meshing with the external teeth of the second connecting wrench sleeve 1803-2, causing the second connecting wrench sleeve 1803-2 to rotate. The wing of the second connecting wrench sleeve 1803-2 catches the protrusion outside the nut, causing the nut to rotate relative to the second pull rod 1803-5 and lock. The lifting cylinder 1803-7 works to drive the telescopic plug, separating the second connector 1803-6 from the second pull rod 1803-5.

[0042] The double-strand tensioning mechanism works. The first push cylinder 6 pulls the first moving beam 3 to slide along the track 2, causing several double-strand tensioning devices 7 distributed on the first moving beam 3 to move away from the mold 11. The second push cylinder 17 pulls the second moving beam 15 to slide along the track 2, causing several four-strand tensioning devices 18 distributed on the second moving beam 15 to move away from the mold 11. The tensioning is completed.

Claims

1. Sleeper tensioning equipment, including a mold, a tension rod, and a tensioning mechanism. The tension rod is arranged outside the mold, and a tensioning mechanism is provided corresponding to the tension rod outside the mold. It is characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism includes a double-rod tensioning mechanism and a four-rod tensioning mechanism. A plurality of forming cavities for casting sleeper are arranged in the mold. Six prestressed steel bars are arranged in each forming cavity and connected to the tensioning rods. The left tensioning end of the mold for a single cavity has two adjacent tensioning rods, and the right tensioning end of the mold for the same single cavity has four adjacent tensioning rods. The double-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged at the left end of the mold, and the four-rod tensioning mechanism is arranged at the right end of the mold. The double-rod tensioning mechanism includes: a first pushing cylinder (6), a first frame (1), a first moving beam (3), and a double-rod tensioning device (7). A number of double-rod tensioning devices (7) are distributed on the first moving beam (3). Each double-rod tensioning device (7) is provided with a tensioning and locking hole channel adapted to be docked with two adjacent tensioning rods. The first moving beam (3) is slidably arranged on the first frame (1). The first frame (1) is provided with a first pushing cylinder (6) to drive the first moving beam (3) to slide and dock with the tensioning rods. The four-rod tensioning mechanism includes: a second frame (14), a second moving beam (15), a second pushing cylinder (17), and a four-rod tensioning device (18). A number of four-rod tensioning devices (18) are distributed on the second moving beam (15). Each four-rod tensioning device (18) is provided with a tensioning and locking hole channel adapted to be docked with four tensioning rods. The second moving beam (15) is slidably arranged on the second frame (14). The second frame (14) is provided with a second pushing cylinder (17) to drive the second moving beam (15) to slide and dock with the tensioning rods.

2. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chain plates are arranged between adjacent double-rod tensioning devices (7), and chain plates are arranged between adjacent four-rod tensioning devices (18). Connecting holes are arranged at both ends of the chain plates. Lower pressing plates are respectively and fixedly arranged on the first moving beam (3) and the second moving beam (15). Upper pressing plates are adaptively arranged on the lower pressing plates. The double-rod tensioning devices (7) and the four-rod tensioning devices (18) are respectively provided with fixed rod holes and fixed rods are passed through them. The rod heads of the fixed rods are exposed. The lower pressing plates and the upper pressing plates are pressed together to fix the fixed rods. The connecting holes of the chain plates are adapted to the rod heads of the fixed rods. The chain plates arranged between adjacent double-rod tensioning devices (7) restrict the distance between adjacent double-rod tensioning devices (7), and the chain plates arranged between adjacent four-rod tensioning devices (18) restrict the distance between adjacent four-rod tensioning devices (18).

3. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-root tensioning device (7) includes: a rear plate (701), a front plate (702), a connecting plate (703), a double connecting plate, a pressure sensor, a pull rod, a motor, a connecting wrench sleeve, a connecting head, and a displacement sensor. The rear plate (701) and the front plate (702) are connected by the connecting plate (703). Two adjacent connecting wrench sleeves (709) are provided on the front plate (702). The connecting wrench sleeve (709) is used to introduce a tensioning rod to realize the screwing of the nut. The connecting wrench sleeve (709) is provided with external teeth. The front plate (702) is also provided with a gearbox and two motors. The two motors respectively drive and engage the external teeth of the two connecting wrench sleeves through the gearbox to make them rotate. Two rectangular cavities are provided between the rear plate (701) and the front plate (702). Connecting heads are respectively arranged in the two cavities. The connecting head is provided with an inner hole for docking the tensioning rod end. The inner hole of the connecting head is also provided with an insertion plate groove and a telescopic insertion plate to realize the locking of the tensioning rod. The rear plate (701) is provided with a tensioning cylinder and two pull rods passing through the plate. Each pull rod is driven by a tensioning cylinder with independent power for tensioning. One end of the pull rod is fixed to the connecting head, and the other end of the pull rod is fixed to the rod end of the tensioning cylinder through the double connecting plate. A thin rod is provided at the rod end of the pull rod. The end of the thin rod passes through the double connecting plate and the pressure sensor and is locked by a nut. The displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the rear plate (701), and the measuring rod end of the displacement sensor is connected to the connecting head.

4. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four-root tensioning device (18) includes: a base (1801), symmetrically arranged support plate frames, a variable pitch mechanism (1802), a lower tensioning module (1803), an upper tensioning module (1804), and a pin shaft (1805). Two support plate frames are vertically and symmetrically arranged on the base (1801). The variable pitch mechanism (1802) is respectively connected to the inner sides of the two support plate frames. The variable pitch mechanism (1802) is provided with a cylinder inner cavity. The cylinder inner cavity is provided with an upper piston rod that independently extends upward and a lower piston rod that independently extends downward. The lower tensioning module (1803) and the upper tensioning module (1804) are respectively provided with fixing blocks. The fixing blocks of the lower tensioning module (1803) and the upper tensioning module (1804) are respectively provided with coaxial vertical through holes. The lower tensioning module (1803) and the upper tensioning module (1804) are respectively connected below and above the variable pitch mechanism (1802). The lower piston rod of the variable pitch mechanism (1802) is fixedly connected to the fixing block of the lower tensioning module (1803), and the upper piston rod of the variable pitch mechanism (1802) is fixedly connected to the fixing block of the upper tensioning module (1804). The pin shaft (1805) sequentially passes through the vertical through holes of the fixing block of the upper tensioning module, the vertical hole of the variable pitch mechanism, and the vertical through holes of the fixing block of the lower tensioning module to realize variable pitch vertical guidance. The lower tensioning module (1803) and the upper tensioning module (1804) have the same structure and are respectively provided with a tensioning and locking mechanism. Each tensioning and locking mechanism is adapted to tension and connect two tensioning rods.

5. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower tensioning module (1803) includes a wrench socket rotating driver for docking the tension rod and driving the nut to rotate, a locking mechanism, and a tensioning cylinder. The wrench socket rotating driver includes: two juxtaposed connecting wrench sockets II, a driver gear box, and two motors II. The driver gear box is provided with the connecting wrench sockets II and the motors II. The output torque of the motors II is transmitted to the connecting wrench sockets II through gear transmission. The two motors II independently output a power respectively to drive the corresponding connecting wrench sockets II to rotate. Two tensioning cylinders are connected behind the wrench socket rotating driver. The two tensioning cylinders are fixedly connected through two side plates and a middle plate arranged vertically in parallel. Each of the two tensioning cylinders corresponds to a connecting wrench socket II. Two cavities are arranged between the side plates and the middle plate. Each cavity is provided with a connector II. The connector II is provided with an inner hole for docking the tension rod end, and the connector II is provided with an insertion plate groove and is adapted to lock the insertion plate of the tension rod. The cavity formed by the side plates and the middle plate and the connector II accommodating axial displacement therein constitute the locking mechanism. Each tensioning cylinder is provided with an axial through hole, and a rod II is arranged in the axial through hole. One end of the rod II is connected to the connector II, and the other end is connected to the rod end of the tensioning cylinder. The tension rod is docked and introduced into the inner hole of the connector II by the connecting wrench socket II and locked by the insertion plate. The tensioning cylinder drives the rod II to pull the tension rod for tensioning. A fixing block is arranged outside the side plate.

6. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: A lifting cylinder (13) is arranged at the bottom of the mold.

7. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support plate frame is provided with an oil passage communicating with an external oil source, and the oil passage communicates with the cylinder inner cavity of the variable pitch mechanism.

8. The sleeper tensioning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four forming cavities are arranged in the mold.

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