Motors, compressors, and refrigerators containing them

Abstract

This application provides a motor, a compressor, and a refrigerator having the same, including a stator structure comprising a plurality of circumferentially arranged stator modules, with a gap δ1 between adjacent stator modules; the stator modules are rotatable to adjust the size of the gap δ1, thereby adjusting the efficiency of the motor. The motor, compressor, and refrigerator having the same according to this application can simply and effectively adjust the motor efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of refrigerator technology, specifically relating to a motor, a compressor, and a refrigerator having the same. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the motor industry, the common methods for rotor dynamic balancing include either adding weight to the rotor baffles or removing weight from them. Both methods require a dynamic balancing machine. The difference lies in the method of adding weight to the rotor baffles, which requires manual installation of the weighting screws. The initial imbalance of the rotor is directly related to the rotor assembly and material tolerances; therefore, the initial imbalance of the rotor cannot be the same, and the corresponding calibration time and number of calibrations will also differ. If the initial dynamic imbalance of the rotor is large, the calibration time will be longer. If weight removal is used, the material of the rotor baffles needs to be considered, and specialized weight removal equipment is also required, which is also time-consuming. Furthermore, both methods involve excessive time consumption and require equipment and manual intervention, which increases the cost of the motor.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a motor, compressor, and refrigerator that can easily and effectively adjust motor efficiency has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a motor, a compressor, and a refrigerator having the same, which can simply and effectively adjust the motor efficiency.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an electric motor, including a stator structure comprising a plurality of circumferentially arranged stator modules, with a gap δ1 between adjacent stator modules; the stator modules are rotatable to adjust the size of the gap δ1, thereby adjusting the efficiency of the motor.

[0006] Furthermore, on the cross-section of the stator structure, the line connecting the midpoint of the inner diameter of the stator module and the midpoint of the outer diameter of the stator module is taken as the center line of the stator module, and the rotation center of the stator module is located on the straight line where the center line of the stator module is located.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotation angle A of the stator module is adjustable to adjust the size of the gap δ1 and thus the efficiency of the motor.

[0008] Furthermore, on the cross-section of the motor, the motor has multiple equally spaced lines, which are located one-to-one on the stator modules. The angle between the equally spaced lines on two adjacent stator modules is J; where J = 360° / s; and s is the number of stator modules.

[0009] Further, the motor further includes a rotor structure. In the cross-section of the motor, the distance between the rotation center of the stator structure and the center of the circle of the motor is Rdx; the outer diameter of the rotor structure is Rr; the inner diameter of the stator structure is Rsi; wherein, when Rdx / Rr < 1, 0 < A < J / 20;

[0010] And / or, when Rr / Rdx < 1 < Rsi / Rdx, 0 < A < J / 14;

[0011] And / or, when Rsi / Rdx < 1 < Rso / Rdx, 0 < A < J / 12.

[0012] Further, in the cross-section of the motor, when the stator module is in the initial state, the equally divided line on each stator module coincides with the center line of the stator module; the centers of the rotated stator modules are located on a concentric circle with a radius of Rt, where Rt = 2 * Rdx * sin(A / 2).

[0013] Further, the rotation directions of all the stator modules are the same;

[0014] And / or, the stator structure includes a stator core, stator teeth are arranged on the stator core, and windings are wound around the stator teeth;

[0015] And / or, when the motor further includes a rotor structure, the rotor structure includes a rotor core, and magnetic steel is arranged on the rotor core.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, a compressor is provided, including a motor, and the motor is the above-mentioned motor.

[0017] Further, when the motor further includes a rotor structure; there is an air gap δ between the stator structure and the rotor structure, and δ / δ1 is positively correlated with the displacement of the compressor.

[0018] Further, when the displacement of the compressor is 5.0 cc - 9.0 cc, δ / 5 < δ1 < δ / 2;

[0019] And / or, when the displacement of the compressor is 9.0 cc - 11.0 cc, δ / 10 < δ1 < δ / 3.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present application, a refrigerator is provided, including a compressor, and the compressor is the above-mentioned compressor.

[0021] The motor, compressor and refrigerator provided by the present application can adjust the performance of the motor according to needs on the premise of ensuring that the main structural parameters of the motor remain unchanged by adjusting the gap size between the stator modules, and the present application can simply and effectively adjust the motor efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stator module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the processing of stator laminations according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 13 The trend of motor efficiency with clearance δ1 under the compressor displacement of 9.0cc in this embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 14 The trend of motor efficiency with clearance δ1 under the compressor displacement of 6.0cc in this embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a comparison chart of the motor efficiency of the embodiments and comparative examples of this application.

[0037] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0038] 1. Stator structure; 11. Stator module; 12. Stator slot; 13. Stator teeth; 14. Stator yoke; 15. Stator laminations; 2. Rotor structure; 21. Rotor core; 3. Windings; 4. Magnets. Detailed Implementation

[0039] See also Figure 1-15 As shown, an electric motor includes a stator structure 1, which comprises multiple circumferentially arranged stator modules 11. A gap δ1 exists between adjacent stator modules 11. The stator modules 11 are rotatable to adjust the size of the gap δ1, thereby adjusting the motor efficiency. That is, multiple stator modules 11 enclose the stator structure 11. By adjusting the gap between adjacent stator modules 11, the stator iron loss can be changed, thus altering the motor efficiency. This allows for adjustment of motor performance as needed while maintaining the main structural parameters of the motor unchanged. Therefore, by selecting the optimal modular gap (δ1 between adjacent stator modules 11) based on the displacement requirements of the piston compressor and the motor efficiency under various operating conditions, efficient motor operation can be guaranteed. This solves the problem of needing to redesign the main structural parameters of the motor after changing the compressor displacement. It also solves the problem of reduced motor efficiency when the output power changes after the compressor displacement changes, even if the main structural parameters of the motor, such as the stator inner and outer diameters, rotor inner and outer diameters, and number of pole pairs, remain unchanged. This application can rationally select the stator module 11 clearance δ1 and the air gap size between the stator and rotor to address the actual displacement changes in compressor operation, thereby improving motor efficiency without altering other major structural parameters of the motor and reducing the computational workload of motor design. By adjusting the clearance between the stator modules 11, this application changes the stator iron loss and, combined with increasing the slot fill factor, effectively improves motor operating efficiency, providing a simple and effective way to adjust motor efficiency. Furthermore, the modular stator structure facilitates the unwinding of the stator windings 3, increasing the slot fill factor and thus improving motor efficiency. Moreover, utilizing the modular stator module 11 structure, more stator structures 1 can be cut from the same area of ​​silicon steel sheet. The modular die increases the utilization rate of the stator laminations 15, saving costs to some extent and solving the problem of low lamination utilization when opening the stator laminations 15 mold. Figure 12 As shown, with the same area, modular laminations can process more than 50% more stator laminations 15, and the available gap will continuously increase with the increase of lamination length, thus improving the utilization rate. In this application, the number of stator modules 11 is set to multiple, and one or several stator modules 11 can be rotated, or all stator modules 11 can be rotated.

[0040] This application also discloses some embodiments in which, on the cross-section of the stator structure 1, the line connecting the midpoint of the inner diameter of the stator module 11 and the midpoint of the outer diameter of the stator module 11 is taken as the centerline of the stator module 11, and the rotation center of the stator module 11 is located on the straight line containing the centerline of the stator module 11. That is, the rotation center of the stator module 11 is located on the centerline of the stator module 11 and its extension line, such as the rotation center of the stator module 11 being located on the extension line of the centerline of the stator module 11 towards the center of the motor. The position of the rotation center Dx can be changed. Changing the selected position of the rotation center changes the preferred range of the rotation angle of the stator module 11. By selecting different points as the rotation center, the stator module 11 achieves a change in the gap δ1 of the stator module 11 through rotation. The distance between the rotation center and the center of the motor is Rdx. In the initial state, the rotation center of the stator module 11 is located on a concentric circle with a radius of Rdx, and the inner diameter of the stator structure 1 is Rsi. The initial state of this application refers to the state when the stator structure 1 is not rotating, that is, the inner diameter of each stator module 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the stator structure 1, and the inner diameters of each stator module 11 are on the same circle with radius Rsi, and the outer diameters are on the same circle. The circumferential sides of two adjacent stator modules 11, i.e., the module edge lines, are rotated. Each stator module 11 selects a point on its center line and its extension as its own rotation center Dx, and rotates accordingly. This ensures that the spacing between corresponding module edge lines of adjacent stator modules 11 is the same, and by changing the size of the gap δ1 between adjacent modules, the ratio of the gap δ1 between the stator modules 11 to the air gap δ between the stator and rotor is changed.

[0041] This application also discloses some embodiments in which the rotation angle A of the stator module 11 is adjustable to adjust the size of the gap δ1 and thus adjust the efficiency of the motor. The stator module 11 rotates in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0042] This application also discloses some embodiments in which the motor has multiple equally spaced lines on its cross-section. These lines are located one-to-one on the stator module 11, and the angle between the equally spaced lines on two adjacent stator modules 11 is J; where J = 360° / s; and s is the number of stator modules 11. After the stator module 11 rotates, the angle between the equally spaced lines and the center line of the stator module 11 is also A. That is, before rotation, the equally spaced lines coincide with the center line of the stator module 11; after rotation, the angle between the equally spaced lines and the center line of the stator module 11 is the rotation angle of the stator module 11. The number of equally spaced lines is the same as the number of stator slots 12.

[0043] The present application also discloses some embodiments. The motor further includes a rotor structure 2. In the cross-section of the motor, the distance between the rotation center of the stator structure 1 and the center of the circle of the motor is Rdx; the outer diameter of the rotor structure 2 is Rr; the inner diameter of the stator structure 1 is Rsi; wherein, when Rdx / Rr < 1, 0 < A < J / 20;

[0044] The present application also discloses some embodiments. When Rr / Rdx < 1 < Rsi / Rdx, 0 < A < J / 14;

[0045] The present application also discloses some embodiments. When Rsi / Rdx < 1 < Rso / Rdx, 0 < A < J / 12. Within the selected range of the above rotation angle, the modular gap length can be changed, the air-gap magnetic density can be improved, the iron loss can be reduced, and the motor efficiency can be enhanced. When the compressor displacement changes, by rotating the stator module, the modular gap can be changed to directly apply the motor in a large-displacement compressor to a small-displacement compressor, reducing the complexity of the new motor design; by changing the size of the gap δ1 between the stator modules 11 of the motor, the magnetic field distribution of adjacent modules can be affected, and the iron loss of the motor can be reduced. Each stator module 11 has its corresponding axis. The axis of each stator module 11 is the connection line between the midpoint of the inner diameter and the midpoint of the outer diameter of the stator module 11. The number of equal division lines of the motor is the same as the number of stator slots 12. The included angle J between adjacent motor equal division lines has the same numerical value, and J = 360° / s, where s is the number of stator modules 11. It is preferred that the axis of the stator module 11 coincides with the motor equal division line, corresponding one by one. The inner diameters of each stator module 11 are located on a concentric circle with a radius of Rsi, and there is an air gap δ between the stator and the rotor. The inner diameter of the stator module 11 coincides with the circle Rsi, and this layout directly affects the trend of the magnetic force lines. The corresponding outer diameter Rr of the rotor, the inner diameter Rsi of the stator, and the outer diameter Rso of the stator of the motor. At this time, the numerical values of the three are used as fixed reference values, and their magnitudes do not change with the rotation of the stator module 11.

[0046] The present application also discloses some embodiments. In the cross-section of the motor, when the stator module 11 is in the initial state, the equal division line on each stator module 11 coincides with the center line of the stator module 11; the centers of the rotated stator modules 11 are located on a concentric circle with a radius of Rt, where Rt = 2*Rdx*sin(A / 2). Within this range, the motor module can rotate smoothly.

[0047] The present application also discloses some embodiments. The rotation directions of all stator modules 11 are the same; the structures of all stator modules 11 are the same; the rotation directions of each module are the same, either counterclockwise or clockwise.

[0048] This application also discloses some embodiments. The stator structure 1 includes a stator core, stator teeth are provided on the stator core, and windings 3 are wound on the stator teeth. The stator core is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets. Each stator module 11 includes a stator tooth portion 13, a stator yoke portion 14, and windings 3. The windings 3 are wound around the stator tooth portion 13 in multiple turns. The windings 3 are composed of copper wire, and the copper wire is wrapped with an insulating varnish. The material of the windings 3 is not limited to copper wire; aluminum wire and other materials are also suitable.

[0049] The circumferential sides of two adjacent stator modules 11 are the module edge lines. The edge lines of each adjacent stator module 11 are equidistant. The shape of the edge lines is not limited to straight lines; equidistant curves along the line segments are also applicable. This allows for uniform distribution of modular gaps and stator magnetic fields, improving the stability of motor operation.

[0050] This application also discloses some embodiments in which the motor further includes a rotor structure 2, the rotor structure 2 includes a rotor core 21, and a magnet 4 is provided on the rotor core 21.

[0051] The motor in this application also includes a rotor structure 22; there is an air gap δ between the stator structure 11 and the rotor structure 22, wherein 0 < δ1 / δ ≤ 1. The stator and rotor structures 22 have an air gap δ of a certain length; the stator structure 11 includes a stator core and windings 33 wound on the teeth of the stator core. The stator core is segmented, with a gap δ1 between each adjacent segment; the rotor structure 22 includes a rotor core 2121 and magnets 44. Rivet holes can be provided on the rotor structure 22. The modular gap δ1 is δ1, and its size can be changed by rotation, with a range of 0 < δ1 / δ ≤ 1. The size of the modular gap δ1 should not exceed the air gap δ, otherwise the improvement in motor efficiency will be greatly reduced.

[0052] The stator of this permanent magnet synchronous motor is circular in shape, with six stator teeth / slots. The rotor of this permanent magnet synchronous motor has four permanent magnets, which are bonded to the outer wall of the rotor core 21 with adhesive. The rotor structure 2 of this patent is not limited to a surface-mount structure; it is also suitable for built-in and reluctance structures, and is not limited by the rotor structure 2. The number of stator slots 12 and the number of permanent magnet poles applicable to this application are not limited to the listed numbers and are suitable for different pole-slot combinations. The outer contour of the permanent magnet synchronous motor stator core provided in this application can be polygonal.

[0053] According to an embodiment of this application, a compressor is provided, including a motor, which is the motor described above. The motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The stator core of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of this application can have a polygonal outline, such as a square or irregular polygon. The rotor structure 22 of this application is also applicable to the built-in magnet 4 structure. The magnet 4 slots can also be selected from various forms such as arc-shaped, straight, V-shaped, and W-shaped. The magnet 4 can be made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The compressor is a piston compressor. The number of stator slots 12 and the number of permanent magnet poles applicable to this application are not limited to the listed numbers and are suitable for different pole-slot combinations.

[0054] This application also discloses some embodiments where the motor further includes a rotor structure 2; there is an air gap δ between the stator structure 1 and the rotor structure 2, and δ / δ1 is positively correlated with the compressor displacement. The ratio of the modular gap δ1 to the air gap δ between the stator and rotor is related to the compressor displacement. When the compressor displacement is fixed, the output torque of the motor is constant. By adjusting the size of the modular gap δ1 of the stator core, the stator iron loss of the motor can be changed, and the motor efficiency can be changed. By selecting an appropriate value of δ1, the motor efficiency can be optimized.

[0055] This application also discloses some embodiments. When the compressor displacement is 5.0cc-9.0cc, δ / 5 < δ1 < δ / 2; when the compressor displacement is below 9.0cc, it is preferable that the stator core modular gap δ1 and the air gap δ between the stator and rotor satisfy the relationship δ / 10 < δ1 < δ / 3. In this case, by changing the equivalent air gap length, the effective magnetic field strength of the air gap is changed, the iron loss of the motor is reduced, and the working efficiency of the motor can be improved. When the compressor displacement is constant, the change curve of motor efficiency with stator core modular gap δ1 is as follows: Figure 14 As shown.

[0056] This application also discloses some embodiments where, when the compressor displacement is 9.0cc-11.0cc, δ / 10 < δ1 < δ / 3. When the compressor displacement is greater than or equal to 9.0cc, it is preferable that the stator core modular gap δ1 and the air gap δ between the stator and rotor satisfy the relationship δ / 10 < δ1 < δ / 3. By changing the equivalent air gap width of the motor, the magnetic field strength of the motor is changed. The modular structure improves the slot fill factor when winding 3 is unwound. With the same number of turns, the wire diameter of winding 3 increases, and the resistance decreases, thereby reducing the copper and iron losses of the motor and effectively improving the working efficiency of the motor. When the compressor displacement is constant, the curve of motor efficiency changing with the stator core modular gap δ1 is as follows. Figure 13 As shown.

[0057] When the application changes and a smaller displacement compressor needs to replace the existing larger displacement compressor, the required motor output power decreases accordingly. Using the changed compressor displacement range as a standard, different sizes of stator core modular gaps δ1 are optimally selected to adjust the motor output power and meet the requirements of the target operating condition. The motor efficiency must be higher than directly applying the original motor solution to the smaller displacement compressor. The relationship between the two is compared below. Figure 15 As shown. Compressors of different displacements require different motor output power under different operating conditions. Due to the complexity of the situation, it is not easy to define the selection range of the modular clearance δ1. Therefore, the value range of the modular clearance δ1 is still selected based on the change of compressor displacement. Figure 15 In this application, "large displacement initial motor" refers to the initial large displacement compressor using stator structure 1; "directly used for small displacement" means applying stator structure 1 directly to the compressor with reduced displacement without any changes; "changing the equivalent air gap" means rotating stator module 11 and applying it to the compressor with reduced displacement. In this application, "large displacement" refers to 11cc and "small displacement" refers to 5cc. When the motor is large displacement, the gap is 0. By increasing the size of the modular gap, the motor from the large displacement compressor can be directly used in the small displacement compressor. The air gap between the stator and rotor is the initial value, determined during motor design based on motor parameter requirements. After determining the air gap between the stator and rotor, rotating each module of the motor changes the ratio of the gap between modules to the air gap between the stator and rotor, achieving the goal of using motors of the same main size for compressors of different displacements. The angle selection is related to the number of slots in the stator. The included angle of the motor's bisectors is determined by the number of slots, and the range of rotation angles is also proportional to the included angle of the bisectors. Motor design needs to determine the design direction and scheme based on parameters such as the target operating conditions and the number of pole pairs.

[0058] According to an embodiment of this application, a refrigerator is provided, including a compressor, which is the compressor described above.

[0059] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0060] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electric machine characterized in that, The motor comprises a stator structure (1), the stator structure (1) comprises a plurality of circumferentially arranged stator modules (11), and there is a gap δ1 between any two adjacent stator modules (11); the stator modules (11) are rotatable to adjust the size of the gap δ1 and thus the efficiency of the motor; In the cross section of the stator structure (1), the rotation center of the stator module (11) is located on a straight line along the center line of the stator module (11), the center line being a line connecting the midpoint of the inner diameter of the stator module (11) and the midpoint of the outer diameter of the stator module (11); The rotation angle A of the stator module (11) is adjustable to adjust the size of the gap δ1 and thus the efficiency of the motor; In the cross section of the motor, the motor has a plurality of equal division lines, and each equal division line corresponds to a stator module (11); the included angle between any two adjacent equal division lines on the stator modules (11) is J; wherein J = 360° / s; s is the number of the stator modules (11); The motor further comprises a rotor structure (2), and in the cross section of the motor, the distance between the rotation center of the stator structure (1) and the center of the motor is Rdx; the outer diameter of the rotor structure (2) is Rr; the inner diameter of the stator structure (1) is Rsi; wherein when Rdx / Rr < 1, 0 < A < J / 20; And / or, when Rr / Rdx < 1 < Rsi / Rdx, 0 < A < J / 14; And / or, when Rsi / Rdx < 1 < Rso / Rdx, 0 < A < J / 12, and Rso is the outer diameter of the stator structure (1).

2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, In the cross section of the motor, in the initial state, the equal division line on each stator module (11) coincides with the center line of the stator module (11); and the center of each rotated stator module (11) is located on a concentric circle with a radius Rt, wherein Rt = 2*Rdx*sin(A / 2).

3. The electric machine of any of claims 1-2, wherein, The rotation directions of the stator modules (11) are the same; And / or, the stator structure (1) comprises a stator core, the stator core is provided with stator teeth, and the stator teeth are wound with windings (3); And / or, when the motor further comprises a rotor structure (2), the rotor structure (2) comprises a rotor core (21), and the rotor core (21) is provided with magnetic steel (4).

4. A compressor comprising a motor, characterized by The motor is the motor of any one of claims 1-3.

5. The compressor of claim 4, wherein When the motor further comprises a rotor structure (2), the stator structure (1) and the rotor structure (2) have an air gap δ, and δ / δ1 is positively correlated with the displacement of the compressor.

6. The compressor of claim 5 wherein, When the displacement of the compressor is 5.0cc-9.0cc, δ / 5 < δ1 < δ / 2; And / or, when the displacement of the compressor is 9.0cc-11.0cc, δ / 10 < δ1 < δ / 3.

7. A refrigerator comprising a compressor, characterized in that, The compressor is the compressor of any one of claims 4-6.

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