A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device and method, wherein a central combustion-supporting air cylinder, a gas fuel cylinder and a main combustion-supporting air cylinder are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, a central hydrogen pilot lamp is arranged in the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot lamp is arranged at the outlet of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, and an ignition device is arranged at the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot lamp; a gas annular swirl disk is arranged at the outlet between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder and the gas fuel cylinder, and an air annular swirl disk is arranged at the outlet between the gas fuel cylinder and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder; the outlet of the hydrogen gun barrel assembly gun barrel passes through the gas annular swirl disk, and the outlet of the gun barrel is provided with a hydrogen spray gun head; a central combustion-supporting air inlet is arranged on the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, a main combustion-supporting air inlet is arranged on the main combustion-supporting air cylinder, and a gas fuel inlet is arranged on the gas fuel cylinder. The invention can realize stable and efficient combustion of low-pressure, low-calorific value gas combustion, and reduce carbon emissions and fuel costs of enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of low-carbon and low-nitrogen clean combustion of gases, and specifically relates to a low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device and method. Background Art

[0002] The proposal of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goal has posed a severe challenge to companies with high carbon emission intensity (such as steel mills, chemical plants, etc.). On the other hand, driven by the dual pressures of environmental protection and operating costs, companies have begun to gradually realize the full and efficient utilization of low calorific value gases produced by the process. Due to process limitations, low calorific value gas fuels contain a large amount of non-combustible components (such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide or water vapor), while combustible components (such as carbon monoxide or hydrogen) are usually only about 25%, and the calorific value is generally less than 1500kcal / Nm 3 , pressure is less than 5kPa.

[0003] In order to reduce the phenomenon of "abandoning wind and solar power" of renewable energy, the production of "green hydrogen" from renewable energy has become a key development direction, and distributed solar hydrogen production technology has also flourished. However, the large-scale storage and transportation costs of hydrogen are high, hydrogen fuel cell technology is not yet mature, and there are few hydrogen consumption scenarios. By mixing hydrogen with existing gas fuels for combustion, it can not only solve the problem of local consumption of renewable energy hydrogen production under the current situation of difficult hydrogen storage and transportation, realize the closed-loop utilization of hydrogen for hydrogen production, but also reduce corporate carbon emissions and reduce operating fuel costs.

[0004] Low-pressure, low-calorific-value gas fuels have low calorific value and gas pressure and generally carry some liquid water. During the combustion process, due to the low temperature in the furnace, it is easy to extinguish the fire under low load, affecting the safe and normal operation of boilers and other equipment. Studies have shown that passing hydrogen into the combustion chamber through a separate channel to participate in the combustion can improve the stability of the combustion flame. However, there is a lack of detailed research on the effects of the mixing method of hydrogen and low-calorific-value gas and the spatial position of hydrogen injection on the flame in the furnace. In addition, hydrogen is very likely to flash back during combustion due to its fast flame propagation speed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new device suitable for the dynamic mixing and non-premixed combustion of low-pressure, low-calorific-value gas fuels and hydrogen to meet the latest emission requirements and boiler performance requirements at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device and method, which can achieve stable and efficient combustion of low-pressure, low-calorific value gas and reduce corporate carbon emissions and fuel costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A low-pressure, low-calorific-value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device, comprising a central hydrogen pilot lamp, a central combustion-supporting air cylinder, a gas fuel cylinder, a hydrogen gun barrel assembly and a main combustion-supporting air cylinder;

[0008] The central combustion-supporting air cylinder, the gas fuel cylinder and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, the central hydrogen pilot light is arranged in the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot light is arranged at the outlet of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, and an ignition device is arranged at the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot light;

[0009] A gas annular swirl disk is provided at the outlet between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder and the gas fuel cylinder, and an air annular swirl disk is provided at the outlet between the gas fuel cylinder and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder;

[0010] The outlet of the hydrogen gun barrel assembly passes through the gas annular swirl disk, and a hydrogen spray gun head is arranged at the outlet of the gun barrel;

[0011] The central combustion-supporting air cylinder is provided with a central combustion-supporting air inlet, the main combustion-supporting air cylinder is provided with a main combustion-supporting air inlet, and the gas fuel cylinder is provided with a gas fuel inlet.

[0012] Preferably, the central combustion-supporting air duct is a cylindrical tube with a bottom at one end, the bottomless end of the central combustion-supporting air duct is an outlet, the central hydrogen gas pilot lamp penetrates the bottom of the central combustion-supporting air duct and is coaxially arranged with the central combustion-supporting air duct, the injection direction of the central hydrogen gas pilot lamp outlet is arranged along the radial direction of the central combustion-supporting air duct, and the central combustion-supporting air inlet is arranged at the end of the central combustion-supporting air duct with a bottom and is vertically connected to the central combustion-supporting air duct.

[0013] Preferably, the ignition device and the central hydrogen pilot lamp penetrate the bottom of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder and extend to the outlet of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the gas fuel cylinder is a cylindrical cylinder with a bottom on one side, and the bottom of the gas fuel cylinder is annular. The bottom of the gas fuel cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder through a center hole, and the bottomless end of the gas fuel cylinder extends to the outlet end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder. The gas annular swirl disk is sleeved on the outside of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder and is located at the outlet end of the gas fuel cylinder. The gas fuel inlet is arranged on the end of the gas fuel cylinder close to the bottom, and the gas fuel inlet is vertically connected to the gas fuel cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the hydrogen gun barrel assembly includes a gas collecting ring and a plurality of gun barrels. The gas collecting ring is an annular chamber structure. The gas collecting ring is sleeved on the end with a bottom on the gas fuel cylinder through a center hole. One end of the gun barrel is connected to the bottom of the gas collecting ring, and the other end of the gun barrel passes through the bottom of the gas fuel cylinder, along the annular cavity between the gas fuel cylinder and the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, and through the gas annular swirl disk to extend to the outlet of the gas fuel cylinder; the plurality of gun barrels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gas fuel cylinder and are parallel to the axis of the gas fuel cylinder; the connection points of the plurality of gun barrels and the gas collecting ring are evenly distributed at the bottom of the gas collecting ring; and a hydrogen inlet is radially arranged on the side wall of the gas collecting ring.

[0016] Preferably, the connection mode of the gas annular swirl disk between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder and the gas fuel cylinder is a movable connection mode, and the gas annular swirl disk is connected to a gas annular swirl disk axial adjustment rod which can manipulate the gas annular swirl disk to adjust the axial position of the gas fuel cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, the main combustion-supporting air cylinder includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section. The large diameter section is a bottomed cylindrical cylinder, and the bottom of the large diameter section is an annular ring. The large diameter section is sleeved on the gas fuel cylinder through a center hole at the bottom. The small diameter section is a bottomless cylindrical cylinder, and the inner diameter of the small diameter section is larger than the outer diameter of the gas fuel cylinder. One end of the small diameter section is connected to the large diameter section at another bottom center hole of the large diameter section, and the other end of the small diameter section extends to the outlet end of the gas fuel cylinder. The air annular swirl disk is sleeved on the outside of the gas fuel cylinder and is located at the outlet end of the small diameter section. The main combustion-supporting air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the large diameter section and is perpendicular to the axis of the large diameter section.

[0018] Preferably, the connection between the air annular swirl disk and the small diameter section is a movable connection, and the air annular swirl disk is connected to an air annular swirl disk axial adjustment rod capable of manipulating the air annular swirl disk to adjust the axial position of the air annular swirl disk along the small diameter section.

[0019] Preferably: the rotation direction of the gas annular swirl disk can be positive or negative, and the swirl angle can be 15°-75°;

[0020] The air annular swirl disk can rotate in the positive or negative direction, and the swirl angle can be between 15° and 75°.

[0021] The hydrogen spray gun head is evenly provided with a plurality of spray holes capable of spraying in an umbrella-shaped form in the radial direction, and the spray direction of the spray holes is at an angle of 15°-75° with the axial direction of the hydrogen spray gun head;

[0022] The outlet end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder does not protrude from the outlet end of the main combustion-supporting air cylinder, the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot light does not protrude from the outlet end of the main combustion-supporting air cylinder, the head of the hydrogen spray gun protrudes from the gas annular swirl disk but does not protrude from the outlet end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, and the air annular swirl disk does not protrude from the head of the hydrogen spray gun;

[0023] The central combustion-supporting air duct and the main combustion-supporting air duct are equipped with flame detectors and fire-viewing mirrors on their respective inlet sides.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for mixing and burning low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen. The method is carried out using the low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixing and burning device as described above, and includes the following process:

[0025] The central combustion-supporting air enters the central combustion-supporting air cylinder from the central combustion-supporting air inlet and is ejected in a straight line, and the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot lamp ejects flames to form an inner stable combustion area; low-pressure and low-calorific value gas enters the gas fuel cylinder from the gas fuel inlet, and then is ejected through the annular swirl flow of the fuel gas; the main combustion-supporting air enters the main combustion-supporting air cylinder from the main combustion-supporting air inlet, and then is ejected through the annular swirl flow of the air to form an annular outer swirl combustion-supporting air area; hydrogen enters the hydrogen gun barrel assembly and is sprayed into the surrounding low-pressure and low-calorific value swirl gas by the hydrogen spray gun head for full mixing to form a swirl mixed gas area, thereby realizing the mixed combustion of low-pressure and low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention is composed of a central combustion-supporting air cylinder, a gas fuel cylinder and a main combustion-supporting air cylinder from the inside to the outside, the outlet of the central hydrogen long-burning lamp is arranged at the outlet of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, the outlet of the hydrogen gun barrel assembly gun barrel passes through the gas annular swirl disk, the outlet of the gun barrel is provided with a hydrogen spray gun head, and at the same time, a gas annular swirl disk is arranged at the outlet between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder and the gas fuel cylinder, and an air annular swirl disk is arranged at the outlet between the gas fuel cylinder and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder. The low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention establishes a complete combustion of "gas-wind-gas-wind" layer by layer support diffusion from the center to the outside at the outlet, realizing low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion. By setting the central hydrogen long-burning lamp, the high-calorific value hydrogen can be diffused and burned, and the low-calorific value gas fuel sprayed through the gas fuel cylinder swirl and the hydrogen mixed gas sprayed through the hydrogen spray gun head umbrella shape can be ignited, thereby realizing the stable and efficient combustion of low-pressure, low-calorific value gas combustion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the low-pressure low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the low-pressure low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional isometric diagram showing the structure of the low-pressure low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen spray gun head of the low-pressure and low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a rear view showing the structure of the burner throat of the low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1 is the central hydrogen permanent lamp, 2 is the central combustion-supporting air inlet, 3 is the main combustion-supporting air inlet, 4 is the gas fuel inlet, 5 is the hydrogen inlet, 6 is the central combustion-supporting air cylinder, 7 is the gas fuel cylinder, 8 is the main combustion-supporting air cylinder, 9 is the hydrogen gun barrel assembly, 9-1 is the gun barrel, 9-2 is the gas collecting ring, 10 is the high-energy ignition device, 11 is the gas annular swirl disk, 12 is the air annular swirl disk, 13 is the hydrogen spray gun head, 13-1 is the umbrella-shaped inclined groove, 14 is the shrinking ring structure, 15 is the flame detector, 16 is the fire viewing mirror, 17 is the gas annular swirl disk axial adjustment rod, and 18 is the air annular swirl disk axial adjustment rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments described in the accompanying drawings are merely exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In order to improve the combustion stability of low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and reduce fuel costs and carbon emissions, the present invention proposes a low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device, which is a low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen dynamic mixing non-premixed combustion device, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the following Figure 1Taking the orientation shown as an example, the low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device is arranged in stages from the inside to the outside with a central hydrogen ever-burning lamp 1, a central combustion-supporting air cylinder 6, a gas fuel cylinder 7, a hydrogen gun barrel assembly 9 and a main combustion-supporting air cylinder 8. The central hydrogen ever-burning lamp 1 is equipped with a high-energy ignition device 10. A gas annular swirl disk 11 is arranged between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder 6 and the gas fuel cylinder 7 at their outlets (right ends). An air annular swirl disk 12 is arranged between the gas fuel cylinder 7 and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder 8 at their outlets (right ends). Axial adjustment rods (gas annular swirl disk axial adjustment rods 17 and air annular swirl disk axial adjustment rods 18, respectively) are installed on both symmetrical sides of the gas annular swirl disk 11 and on both symmetrical sides of the air annular swirl disk 12. The barrel of the hydrogen gun barrel assembly 9 passes through the blades on the gas annular swirl disk 11. All guns The tubes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gas annular swirl disk 11, and a hydrogen spray gun head 13 is provided on the top of each gun barrel (i.e., the right end). A central combustion-supporting air inlet 2 is provided on the left end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder 6, and the central combustion-supporting air inlet 2 is vertically connected to the side wall of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder 6. A main combustion-supporting air inlet 3 is provided on the left end of the main combustion-supporting air cylinder 8, and the main combustion-supporting air inlet 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the main combustion-supporting air cylinder 8. The main combustion-supporting air cylinder 8 is stepped as a whole, including a large diameter section and a small diameter section, and the structure adopts the structure described above; a gas fuel inlet 4 is provided on the left end of the gas fuel cylinder 7, and the hydrogen gun barrel assembly 9 includes a gas collecting ring 9-2 and a plurality of gun barrels 9-1. The gas collecting ring 9-2 is mounted on the outer side of the left end of the gas fuel cylinder 7, and the gun barrel passes through the sealing end cover plate of the gas fuel cylinder 7 (i.e., the annular bottom surface on the left side) and the blades of the gas annular swirl disk 11, and a hydrogen spray gun head 13 is provided on the top of each gun barrel. Figure 5The top of the hydrogen spray gun head 13 is a sealed structure in the axial direction, and a circle of umbrella-shaped inclined grooves at an angle to the axial direction is opened in the radial direction, and the angle range is 15°-75°. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen gun barrel assembly 9 from the hydrogen inlet 5 and is sprayed into the surrounding low-pressure and low-calorific value swirl gas at a high speed by the umbrella-shaped inclined groove of the hydrogen spray gun head 13 for full mixing, forming a swirl mixed gas area. A hydrogen inlet 5 is provided on the side wall along the radial direction of the gas collecting ring 9-2; the axial relative position of the gas annular swirl disk 11 and the throat of the device is adjusted by the axial adjustment rods 17 on both sides, and the adjustment distance is 0-100mm. The swirl direction of the annular swirl disk can be forward and reverse, and the swirl angle can vary between 15°-75°. The swirl direction and angle are uniquely determined during installation. The axial relative position of the air annular swirl disk 12 and the throat of the device is adjusted by the axial adjustment rods 18 on both sides, and the adjustment distance is 0-100mm. The swirl direction of the annular swirl disk can be positive and negative, and the swirl angle can vary between 15°-75°. The swirl direction and angle are uniquely determined during installation. The central hydrogen ever-burning lamp 1 is arranged at the axial center of the combustion device. The top gun head of the ever-burning lamp is axially sealed and airtight, and a number of nozzles are opened radially. A high-energy ignition device 10 is arranged at the nozzle, and the high-energy ignition device 10 is located in the central combustion-supporting air tube 6. Two flame detectors 15 and two flame-viewing mirrors 16 are installed on the outer cover plates on the left side of the central combustion-supporting air tube 6 and the main combustion-supporting air tube 8. Hydrogen is passed through the central hydrogen ever-burning lamp 1 and the hydrogen gun barrel assembly 9, low-pressure and low-calorific value gas fuel is passed through the gas fuel cylinder 7, and combustion-supporting air is passed through the central combustion-supporting wind tube 6 and the main combustion-supporting wind tube 8; a gas annular swirl disk 11 is arranged between the central combustion-supporting wind tube 6 and the gas fuel cylinder 7, and an air annular swirl disk 12 is arranged between the gas fuel cylinder 7 and the main combustion-supporting wind tube 8; the central hydrogen ever-burning lamp 1 and the central combustion-supporting wind tube 6 form an inner stable combustion area at the burner throat outlet, an annular swirl mixed gas area is formed between the central combustion-supporting wind tube 6, the gas fuel cylinder 7 and the hydrogen gun barrel assembly 9, and an annular outer swirl combustion-supporting wind area is formed between the gas fuel cylinder 7 and the main combustion-supporting wind tube 8.

[0036] Specifically, when the low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device of the present invention is working, the central combustion-supporting wind enters the central combustion-supporting wind tube 6 from the central combustion-supporting wind inlet 2 and is ejected in a straight line; the hydrogen used for ignition is ejected from a plurality of radial nozzles at the top of the central hydrogen eternal lamp 1, and exists as an eternal lamp after being ignited by the high-energy ignition device 10, forming an internal stable combustion area; wherein, the high-energy ignition device 10 is located in the central combustion-supporting wind tube 6, and is in a central combustion-supporting wind cooling state as a whole during operation, so as to avoid high-temperature burning of the igniter. The low-pressure, low-calorific value gas enters the gas fuel tube 7 from the gas fuel inlet 4, and is then ejected through diffusion of the annular swirl disk flow of the gas; the main combustion-supporting wind enters the main combustion-supporting wind tube 8 from the main combustion-supporting wind inlet 3, and is then ejected through diffusion of the annular swirl disk flow of the air, forming an annular outer swirl combustion-supporting wind area;

[0037] When the low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen dynamic mixing non-premixed combustion device is in operation, the flame of the eternal lamp in the inner stable combustion area diffuses to the swirling mixed gas area, ignites the hydrogen and low-pressure, low-calorific value gas mixture, and then continues to diffuse into the furnace under the action of the external swirling combustion-supporting wind, and finally establishes a complete combustion with "gas-wind-gas-wind" layer-by-layer support diffusion.

[0038] In order to solve the problem that the volatility of hydrogen production from renewable energy affects the hydrogen mixing ratio, axial adjustment rods 17 are installed on both sides of the gas annular swirl disk 11, and axial adjustment rods 18 are installed on both sides of the air annular swirl disk 12, and the axial adjustment distance is 0-100mm; when the amount of hydrogen input fluctuates, the axial relative position of the gas swirl disk 11 or the combustion-supporting air swirl disk 12 can be adjusted axially separately or simultaneously, and the flame shape, color and flame fullness in the furnace can be directly observed through the fire viewing mirror 16, and the combustion condition can be scientifically judged through the flue gas monitoring emission data, so as to realize the online adjustment of the flame shape in the furnace, thereby achieving the best combustion state. Hydrogen and low-pressure and low-calorific value gas are in a non-premixed state before entering the furnace, and the hydrogen mixing volume ratio can be dynamically changed between 5% and 30%.

[0039] The present invention achieves a uniform mixing state under the action of swirl by uniformly mixing high calorific value hydrogen into low-pressure low calorific value gas fuel, and at the same time achieves high load adjustability, furnace and fuel adaptability by adjusting the axial relative position between the swirl disks, so as to achieve high combustion flame stability while reducing pollutant emissions. In specific implementation, the present invention provides a cost-reducing, carbon-reducing and efficiency-enhancing transformation technology route for high-carbon emission enterprises that produce low-pressure, low calorific value gas fuels by the process, enhances the stable combustion ability of low-pressure, low calorific value gas flames, reduces the generation of pollutants, and realizes the dynamic matching of the combustion flame shape and the size of the boiler furnace, effectively ensuring that the boiler efficiency is not reduced while reducing the carbon emissions of the enterprise and reducing the operating fuel cost. When the low-pressure, low calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen dynamic mixing non-premixed combustion device described in the present invention is in specific operation, the central hydrogen long-burning lamp is ignited first, and the high calorific value hydrogen diffuses and burns radially, igniting the low calorific value gas fuel sprayed through the gas fuel cylinder swirl and the hydrogen mixed gas sprayed through the umbrella-shaped hydrogen spray gun head. The top gun head of the central hydrogen long-burning lamp is axially sealed, and a number of nozzles are radially opened. Hydrogen diffuses radially outward at a high speed from the nozzles, which optimizes the ignition conditions, enhances the flame stability, and solves the problem of low calorific value gas ignition difficulty and difficulty in stable combustion. Hydrogen is ejected at high speed in an umbrella shape through the hydrogen spray gun head evenly distributed in the gas annular swirl disk, which strengthens the mixing with the low-pressure and low-calorific value swirl gas. The outer ring swirl wind further strengthens the mixing of fuel and air, making the temperature field in the furnace evenly distributed, reducing local high-temperature areas, reducing incomplete combustion fuel losses, and effectively reducing the generation of pollutants. At the same time, due to the volatility of hydrogen production from renewable energy, under different hydrogen blending ratios, the axial position of the gas annular swirl disk and the air annular swirl disk is adjusted by the axial adjustment rod, realizing the dynamic matching of the burner flame shape and the boiler furnace size, effectively ensuring that the boiler efficiency is not reduced while absorbing renewable energy. The present invention also strengthens the mixing between fuel and fuel, fuel and air, making the temperature field in the furnace evenly distributed, reducing local high-temperature areas, reducing incomplete combustion fuel losses, and effectively reducing the generation of pollutants. At the same time, dynamic matching of the burner flame shape and the boiler furnace size is achieved under different hydrogen mixing ratios, effectively ensuring that the boiler efficiency is not reduced while reducing the company's carbon emissions and operating fuel costs.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device, characterized in that: It comprises a central hydrogen pilot lamp (1), a central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), a gas fuel cylinder (7), a hydrogen gun barrel assembly (9) and a main combustion-supporting air cylinder (8); The central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), the gas fuel cylinder (7) and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder (8) are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, the central hydrogen pilot light (1) is arranged in the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot light (1) is arranged at the outlet of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), and an ignition device is arranged at the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot light (1); A gas annular swirl disk (11) is provided at the outlet between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) and the gas fuel cylinder (7), and an air annular swirl disk (12) is provided at the outlet between the gas fuel cylinder (7) and the main combustion-supporting air cylinder (8); The outlet of the hydrogen gun barrel assembly (9) passes through the gas annular swirl disk (11), and a hydrogen spray gun head (13) is provided at the outlet of the gun barrel; The central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) is provided with a central combustion-supporting air inlet (2), the main combustion-supporting air cylinder (8) is provided with a main combustion-supporting air inlet (3), and the gas fuel cylinder (7) is provided with a gas fuel inlet (4); The gas annular swirl disk (11) is connected in a movable manner between the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) and the gas fuel cylinder (7), and the gas annular swirl disk (11) is connected to a gas annular swirl disk axial adjustment rod (17) capable of manipulating the gas annular swirl disk (11) to adjust its position along the axial direction of the gas fuel cylinder (7); The main combustion-supporting air cylinder (8) comprises a large diameter section and a small diameter section, the large diameter section is a bottomed cylindrical cylinder, the bottom of the large diameter section is annular, the large diameter section is sleeved on the gas fuel cylinder (7) through a center hole at the bottom, the small diameter section is a bottomless cylindrical cylinder, the inner diameter of the small diameter section is larger than the outer diameter of the gas fuel cylinder (7), one end of the small diameter section is connected to the large diameter section at another bottom center hole of the large diameter section, the other end of the small diameter section extends to the outlet end of the gas fuel cylinder (7), an air annular swirl disk (12) is sleeved on the outside of the gas fuel cylinder (7) and located at the outlet end of the small diameter section, and the main combustion-supporting air inlet (3) is arranged on the side wall of the large diameter section and is perpendicular to the axis of the large diameter section; The air annular swirl disk (12) is connected between the gas fuel cylinder (7) and the small diameter section in a movable manner, and the air annular swirl disk (12) is connected to an air annular swirl disk axial adjustment rod (18) capable of manipulating the air annular swirl disk (12) to adjust its position along the axial direction of the small diameter section.

2. A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) is a cylindrical cylinder with a bottom at one end, the bottomless end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) is an outlet, the central hydrogen permanent lamp (1) passes through the bottom of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) and is coaxially arranged with the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), the injection direction of the outlet of the central hydrogen permanent lamp (1) is arranged along the radial direction of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), and the central combustion-supporting air inlet (2) is arranged at the end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) with a bottom and is vertically connected to the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6).

3. A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ignition device and the central hydrogen pilot lamp (1) penetrate the bottom of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) and extend to the outlet of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6).

4. A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas fuel cylinder (7) is a cylindrical cylinder with a bottom on one side. The bottom of the gas fuel cylinder (7) is annular. The bottom of the gas fuel cylinder (7) is sleeved on the outside of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) through a central hole. The bottomless end of the gas fuel cylinder (7) extends to the outlet end of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6). The gas annular swirl disk (11) is sleeved on the outside of the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6) and is located at the outlet end of the gas fuel cylinder (7). The gas fuel inlet (4) is arranged on the end of the gas fuel cylinder (7) close to the bottom. The gas fuel inlet (4) and the gas fuel cylinder (7) are vertically connected.

5. A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen gun barrel assembly (9) comprises a gas collecting ring (9-2) and a plurality of gun barrels (9-1); the gas collecting ring (9-2) is an annular chamber structure; the gas collecting ring (9-2) is sleeved on the end with a bottom on the gas fuel barrel (7) through a central hole; one end of the gun barrel (9-1) is connected to the bottom of the gas collecting ring (9-2); the other end of the gun barrel (9-1) passes through the bottom of the gas fuel barrel (7), along the annular cavity between the gas fuel barrel (7) and the central combustion-supporting air cylinder (6), and through the gas annular swirl disk (11) to extend to the outlet of the gas fuel barrel (7); the plurality of gun barrels (9-1) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gas fuel barrel (7) and are parallel to the axis of the gas fuel barrel (7); the connection points between the plurality of gun barrels (9-1) and the gas collecting ring (9-2) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the gas collecting ring (9-2); and a hydrogen inlet (5) is radially arranged on the side wall of the gas collecting ring (9-2).

6. A low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the gas annular swirl disk (11) can be positive or negative, and the swirl angle can be between 15° and 75°; The rotation direction of the air annular swirl disk (12) can be positive or negative, and the swirl angle can be between 15° and 75°; The hydrogen spray gun head (13) is evenly provided with a plurality of spray holes capable of spraying in an umbrella-shaped manner in a radial direction, and the spray direction of the spray holes forms an angle of 15° to 75° with the axial direction of the hydrogen spray gun head (13); The outlet end of the central combustion-supporting air tube (6) does not protrude from the outlet end of the main combustion-supporting air tube (8), the outlet of the central hydrogen pilot light (1) does not protrude from the outlet end of the main combustion-supporting air tube (8), the hydrogen spray gun head (13) protrudes from the gas annular swirl disk (11) and does not protrude from the outlet end of the central combustion-supporting air tube (6), and the air annular swirl disk (12) does not protrude from the hydrogen spray gun head (13); The central combustion-supporting air duct (6) and the main combustion-supporting air duct (8) are both provided with a flame detector (15) and a flame viewing mirror (16) on one side of their respective inlets.

7. A method for mixing and burning low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen, characterized in that: The method is carried out using the low-pressure, low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen mixed combustion device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and includes the following process: The central combustion-supporting air enters the central combustion-supporting air tube (6) from the central combustion-supporting air inlet (2) and is ejected in a straight line, and the outlet of the central hydrogen permanent lamp (1) ejects flames to form an inner stable combustion area; the low-pressure and low-calorific value gas enters the gas fuel tube (7) from the gas fuel inlet (4), and is then ejected through a gas annular swirl disk (11) in a swirl-diffusion manner; the main combustion-supporting air enters the main combustion-supporting air tube (8) from the main combustion-supporting air inlet (3), and is then ejected through an air annular swirl disk (12) in a swirl-diffusion manner to form an annular outer swirl combustion-supporting air area; hydrogen enters the hydrogen gun barrel assembly (9) and is ejected into the surrounding low-pressure and low-calorific value swirl gas by the hydrogen spray gun head (13) for full mixing to form a swirl mixed gas area, thereby achieving mixed combustion of low-pressure and low-calorific value gas fuel and hydrogen.

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