Airborne conformal antenna and aircraft

Abstract

The present invention discloses an airborne conformal antenna, comprising: a radiation patch layer, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate and a metal mounting plate which are crimped in sequence; the radiation patch layer comprises a plurality of radiation patches and is distributed in an array in a plurality of cavities on the surface of a carrier platform; a plurality of coupling feed holes are distributed on the first dielectric plate; a first centimeter feed network printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate is used to divide an external feed signal or a phase-shifted signal into a plurality of first feed signals; a second centimeter feed network printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate is used to divide an external feed signal or a phase-shifted signal into a plurality of second feed signals; a plurality of first feed signals and a plurality of second feed signals are electromagnetically coupled to a plurality of radiation patches through a plurality of coupling feed holes. The airborne conformal antenna of the present invention reduces the load of the carrier platform and improves the aerodynamic characteristics of the carrier platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more specifically, to an airborne conformal antenna and an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern electronic information technology, especially the increasingly stringent antenna performance requirements for military electronics, traditional mechanical scanning antennas can no longer meet the requirements. Since electronically scanned phased arrays have the advantages of fast beam scanning, multi-target detection, and long-distance detection, phased array antennas are increasingly valued by various countries. Among phased array antennas, phased array antennas with ultra-wide bandwidth angle scanning performance and low scattering characteristics are particularly valued by military forces of various countries. With the continuous development of modern aircraft, their flight speed is getting faster and faster, and the requirements for their own aerodynamic layout are getting higher and higher. The planar antenna array is installed on the surface of the flying vehicle, which has a great impact on its appearance and affects its flight performance. Therefore, the antenna installed on the surface of the high-speed aircraft requires a smaller cross-section and better fit. In order to meet such needs, some antenna units are arranged in the form of a curved surface, and the airborne conformal antenna is combined with the phased array, and the conformal phased array antenna is born.

[0003] At present, an important part of conformal antenna design is the antenna overlap design. Good overlap effectively reduces the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit and improves the radiation performance. At the same time, a good overlap design also promptly eliminates the static charge accumulated around the antenna unit. The structures of carrier platforms such as aircraft are mostly made of high-strength composite materials. In order to achieve the overlap of the antenna unit in the diagonal beam skin of the wing of the carrier platform, it is necessary to add an ultra-thin copper mesh belt to the composite material layer in the skin. A metal inlay is used to penetrate the copper mesh belt and the antenna unit, so that the copper mesh belt and the antenna unit structure are integrally formed. However, although the integrally formed structure of the copper mesh belt and the antenna unit ensures the reliable connection between the antenna unit and the diagonal beam metal frame, the overlap processing technology between the antenna unit and the diagonal beam metal frame is difficult and the processing process is complicated. At the same time, the copper mesh belt and the metal inlay increase the load of the carrier platform, which in turn affects the aerodynamic characteristics of the carrier platform. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an airborne conformal antenna and an aircraft, which solves the problem that the overlapping processing technology between the existing conformal antenna and the carrier platform is difficult and the processing technology is complicated, and at the same time, the copper mesh belt and metal inlays increase the load of the carrier platform, thereby affecting the aerodynamic characteristics of the carrier platform.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an airborne conformal antenna, comprising: a radiation patch layer, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate and a metal mounting plate crimped in sequence;

[0006] The radiation patch layer includes a plurality of radiation patches and is distributed in a plurality of cavities on the surface of the carrier platform in an array;

[0007] A plurality of coupling feeding holes are distributed on the first dielectric plate;

[0008] The microstrip feed line printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate forms a first power division feeding network, and the first power division feeding network is used to divide the external feeding signal or the phase shift signal into multiple first feeding signals;

[0009] The microstrip feed line printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate forms a second power division feeding network, and the second power division feeding network is used to divide the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal into a plurality of second feeding signals;

[0010] The plurality of first feed signals and the plurality of second feed signals are electromagnetically coupled to the plurality of radiation patches through the plurality of coupling feed holes.

[0011] Optionally, the airborne conformal antenna further comprises: a shaped waveguide circulator,

[0012] The shaped waveguide circulator is used to transmit the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal to the first power division feeding network, and is also used to transmit the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal to the second power division feeding network.

[0013] Optionally, the shaped waveguide circulator includes a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port;

[0014] The first port is connected to an airborne radar transmitter for receiving the external feed signal;

[0015] The fourth port is connected to the onboard load phase shifter and is used to receive the phase shift signal provided by the load phase shifter;

[0016] The second port is connected to the input end of the first power division feeding network, and is used to provide the external feeding signal or the phase shift signal;

[0017] The third port is connected to the input end of the second power division feeding network, and is used to provide the external feeding signal or the phase shift signal.

[0018] Optionally, a phase difference of 180 degrees exists between the external feeding signal and the phase-shifted signal.

[0019] Optionally, the first power division feeding network includes a plurality of first sub-power division feeding networks divided into two, and the second power division feeding network includes a plurality of second sub-power division feeding networks divided into two;

[0020] The length of the microstrip feed line of each of the first sub-power division feeding networks is 10 mm shorter than the length of the microstrip feed line of the second sub-power division feeding network.

[0021] Optionally, the first power division feeding network and the second power division feeding network are both one-to-thirty-two power division feeding networks.

[0022] Optionally, the radiation patch includes: a first dielectric layer, a resistance film layer, a metal reflection wave layer, a polymethacrylimide foam layer, a wave splitting polarization layer and a second dielectric layer which are crimped in sequence from top to bottom.

[0023] Optionally, the interior of the carrier platform is a hollow structure, and the surface of the carrier platform includes the multiple cavities conformal to the radiation patch layer.

[0024] Optionally, the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate, the metal mounting plate and the special-shaped waveguide circulator are all located inside the carrier platform, and the carrier platform is fixedly connected to the metal mounting plate.

[0025] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an aircraft is provided, wherein the aircraft includes the above-mentioned airborne conformal antenna.

[0026] According to the airborne conformal antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the metal frame of the carrier platform (for example, the wing of an aircraft such as an airplane) is fixedly connected to the metal mounting plate of the airborne conformal antenna, thereby ensuring reliable overlap between the airborne conformal antenna and the carrier platform and avoiding the need to add an ultra-thin copper mesh belt and metal inlays to the composite material layup within the wing skin. This reduces the difficulty of the overlap processing technology between the airborne conformal antenna and the metal frame of the carrier platform and simplifies the processing process, while reducing the load of the carrier platform and thereby improving the aerodynamic characteristics of the carrier platform.

[0027] The phase shift signal provided by the load phase shifter adjusts the feeding phase of the first power division feeding network and the second power division feeding network, and changes the phase distribution of the electromagnetic wave of the electromagnetic coupling radiation patch layer to realize the beam space scanning of the airborne conformal antenna. The airborne conformal antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is a phased array antenna. The airborne conformal antenna forms a plurality of beams in space, and the direction of each beam is controlled by DBF digital synthesis technology. The multi-beam technology has a strong printing effect on electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the anti-electromagnetic interference capability of the airborne conformal antenna.

[0028] The radiation patch is conformal to the cavity on the surface of the carrier platform, and the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate, the metal mounting plate and the shaped waveguide circulator are located in a hollow structure inside the carrier platform, such as a hollow structure inside the skin. The array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention does not increase the radar reflection cross-sectional area of ​​a carrier platform such as an aircraft, thereby improving the stealth characteristics of a carrier platform such as an aircraft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a carrier platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure 3 A top view of a carrier platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layered structure of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped waveguide circulator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the layered structure of the radiation patch according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 7 A voltage standing wave ratio simulation diagram of the airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] Figure 8 A simulation diagram of a beam scanning gain pattern of a typical cross section at a low frequency point of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Fig. 9 A simulation diagram of a beam scanning gain pattern of a typical cross section at a mid-frequency point of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] Fig.10 A simulation diagram of a beam scanning gain pattern of a typical cross section at a high frequency point of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each of the accompanying drawings, the same elements are represented by similar reference numerals. For the sake of clarity, the various parts in the accompanying drawings are not arranged to scale. In addition, some well-known parts may not be shown.

[0041] Many specific details of the present invention are described below to provide a clearer understanding of the present invention. However, as those skilled in the art will appreciate, the present invention can be implemented without following these specific details.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a carrier platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, specifically, a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the carrier platform before the airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is integrated on the carrier platform. Figure 3 A top view of a carrier platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, specifically a top view of the carrier platform after the airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is integrated into the carrier platform.

[0043] The airborne conformal antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is a conformal phased array antenna. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the carrier platform 200 of the airborne conformal antenna 100 is the wing of an aircraft such as an airplane, but is not limited thereto. The wings of an aircraft are mostly made of high-strength composite materials. The metal frame of the wing of the aircraft is covered with a skin as a load-bearing component, and the interior of the skin is a hollow structure. The airborne conformal antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is integrated into the skin of the wing, and the metal frame of the carrier platform 200 (such as the wing of an aircraft such as an airplane) and the metal mounting plate 140 (such as the metal mounting plate 140) of the airborne conformal antenna 100 are connected to ...). Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the carrier platform 200 is fixedly connected to the airborne conformal antenna 100 to achieve an integrated formation. Figure 3 As shown, the surface of the carrier platform 200, i.e., the skin, is provided with array distribution (the array size is, for example, ) and multiple cavities 210 that are all diamond-shaped.

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layered structure of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the airborne conformal antenna 100 includes: a radiation patch layer 300, a first dielectric plate 110, a second dielectric plate 120, a third dielectric plate 130, and a metal mounting plate 140. The radiation patch layer 300, the first dielectric plate 110, the second dielectric plate 120, the third dielectric plate 130, and the metal mounting plate 140 are pressed together in sequence from top to bottom by a high temperature and high pressure process or a semi-solid sheet lamination process. The first dielectric plate 110, the second dielectric plate 120, the third dielectric plate 130, and the metal mounting plate 140 are located in a hollow structure inside the carrier platform 200, such as a hollow structure inside the skin, and the radiation patch layer 300 is respectively located inside a plurality of cavities 210.

[0046] The radiation patch layer 300 is conformal to the cavity 210, and the positions of the radiation patch layer 300 and the cavity 210 on the surface of the carrier platform 200 (e.g., on the skin) correspond one to one, that is, the radiation patch layer 300 is distributed in an array in multiple cavities 210 on the surface of the carrier platform 200 (e.g., on the skin). The radiation patch layer 300 is a diamond radiator made of metamaterial. The first dielectric plate 110 is also made of the metamaterial, and a plurality of coupling feed holes 111 are distributed on the first dielectric plate 110. In some embodiments, the spatial positions of the plurality of coupling feed holes 111 correspond one to one to the spatial positions of the radiation patch layer 300, and the radiation patch layer 300 is respectively crimped on the plurality of coupling feed holes 111. It can be understood that the plurality of coupling feed holes 111 on the first dielectric plate 110 can also be distributed in other ways, and are not limited to this.

[0047] A microstrip feeder is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 120, and the microstrip feeder forms a first power division feeding network 121. The first power division feeding network 121 is used to divide the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal into multiple first feeding signals. A microstrip feeder is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate 130, and the microstrip feeder forms a second power division feeding network 131. The second power division feeding network 131 is used to divide the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal into multiple second feeding signals. The multiple first feeding signals and the multiple second feeding signals are electromagnetically coupled to the radiation patch layer 300 through multiple coupling feeding holes 111. The first power division feeding network 121 includes multiple first sub-power division feeding networks 122 divided into two, and the second power division feeding network 131 includes multiple second sub-power division feeding networks 132 divided into two. Among them, the length of the microstrip feeder of each first sub-power division feeding network 122 is 10 mm less than the length of the microstrip feeder of the second sub-power division feeding network 132. In some embodiments, the first power division feeding network 121 and the second power division feeding network 131 are both one-to-thirty-two power division feeding networks, the first power division feeding network 121 divides the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal into 32 first feeding signals, and the second power division feeding network 131 divides the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal into 32 second feeding signals.

[0048] The upper surface of the metal mounting plate 140 is used to carry the radiation patch layer 300 , the first dielectric plate 110 , the second dielectric plate 120 and the third dielectric plate 130 , and the metal mounting plate 140 is used to provide electromagnetic shielding for the first power division feeding network 121 and the second power division feeding network 131 .

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped waveguide circulator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] It should be noted that the airborne conformal antenna 100 also includes Figure 5The shaped waveguide circulator 150 is shown. The shaped waveguide circulator 150 is a four-port microwave ferrite device that realizes unidirectional circulation of microwave signals. The shaped waveguide circulator 150 can realize the duplexing, decoupling, protection and matching functions of the microwave network. The application in the radar antenna feed system is to play the role of matching, circulation and duplexing in the transmitting-antenna-receiving system. The shaped waveguide circulator 150 is located in the hollow structure inside the carrier platform 200. The shaped waveguide circulator 150 is used to transmit the external feeding signal or the phase shifted signal to the first power division feeding network 121, and is also used to transmit the external feeding signal or the phase shifted signal to the second power division feeding network 131. The shaped waveguide circulator 150 includes a first port 151, a second port 152, a third port 153 and a fourth port 154. The angle between two adjacent ports of the first port 151, the second port 152, the third port 153 and the fourth port 154 is 60 degrees. It should be noted that the relative positions of the first port 151, the second port 152, the third port 153 and the fourth port 154 are not limited to Figure 5 The positional relationship shown in the figure can be adjusted according to the working requirements to set other relative positional relationships among the first port 151 , the second port 152 , the third port 153 and the fourth port 154 .

[0051] The radar transmitter is a radio device that provides a high-power radio frequency signal for the radar. The first port 151 is connected to the airborne radar transmitter for receiving an external feed signal provided by the airborne radar transmitter. For example, the radar transmitter provides an external feed signal to the first port 151 through a feed balun. When the input resistance of the feed balun used is 160Ω, the size of the E surface of the airborne conformal antenna 100 is 1 / 2 of the size of the H surface. The two airborne conformal antennas 100 are combined into a periodic unit through a one-to-sixteen power divider, and a feed balun with an input resistance of 50Ω is used to feed the two airborne conformal antennas 100. The fourth port 154 is connected to the airborne load phase shifter for receiving a phase shifted signal provided by the airborne load phase shifter. The phase difference between the external feed signal and the phase shifted signal is 180 degrees.

[0052] The second port 152 is connected to the input end of the first power division feeding network 121, and is used to provide an external feeding signal or a phase shift signal. The third port 153 is connected to the input end of the second power division feeding network 131, and is used to provide an external feeding signal or a phase shift signal. The second port 152 and the third port 153 of the shaped waveguide circulator 150 form the main beam of the airborne conformal antenna 100, and the first port 151 and the fourth port 154 form the difference beam of the airborne conformal antenna 100. The technical problem of realizing the simultaneous operation of the main beam and the difference beam through the feeder shaping weighting technology.

[0053] Figure 6 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the radiation patch according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the radiation patch layer 300 includes: a diamond-shaped first dielectric layer 310, a resistor film layer 320, a metal reflection wave layer 330, a polymethacrylimide foam layer 340, a split-wave polarization layer 350 and a second dielectric layer 360 which are sequentially crimped from top to bottom. The radiation patch layer 300 is a new type of electromagnetic metamaterial formed by crimping the first dielectric layer 310, the resistor film layer 320, the metal reflection wave layer 330, the polymethacrylimide foam layer 340, the split-wave polarization layer 350 and the second dielectric layer 360 together through a high temperature and high pressure process or a semi-solid sheet lamination process. The first dielectric layer 310 and the second dielectric layer 360 are made of the same material, such as taconic TLY-5 flexible sheet. The dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 310 and the second dielectric layer 360 is 2.2. In some embodiments, a dipole antenna is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer 310 and the lower surface of the second dielectric layer 360.

[0054] The phase shift signal provided by the load phase shifter adjusts the feeding phase of the first power division feeding network 121 and the second power division feeding network 131, and changes the phase distribution of the electromagnetic wave of the electromagnetically coupled radiation patch layer 300 to realize the beam space scanning of the airborne conformal antenna 100. Specifically, the electromagnetic wave electromagnetically coupled to the radiation patch layer 300 changes the U-shaped metal spacing between the metal grids of the radiation patch layer 300, which is a new type of electromagnetic metamaterial, and changes the H-shaped metal body shape structure. The electromagnetic wave phase shift is controlled by the micro-structure changes of the three layers of metal mesh dielectric plates, namely the resistance film layer 320, the metal reflection wave layer 330 and the wave splitting polarization layer 350, thereby realizing the beam space scanning of the airborne conformal antenna 100.

[0055] According to the airborne conformal antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the metal frame of the carrier platform (for example, the wing of an aircraft such as an airplane) is fixedly connected to the metal mounting plate of the airborne conformal antenna, thereby ensuring reliable overlap between the airborne conformal antenna and the carrier platform and avoiding the need to add an ultra-thin copper mesh belt and metal inlays to the composite material layup within the wing skin. This reduces the difficulty of the overlap processing technology between the airborne conformal antenna and the metal frame and simplifies the processing process, while reducing the load of the carrier platform and thereby improving the aerodynamic characteristics of the carrier platform.

[0056] The phase shift signal provided by the load phase shifter adjusts the feeding phase of the first power division feeding network and the second power division feeding network, and changes the phase distribution of the electromagnetic wave of the electromagnetic coupling radiation patch layer to realize the beam space scanning of the airborne conformal antenna. The airborne conformal antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is a phased array antenna. The airborne conformal antenna forms a plurality of beams in space, and the direction of each beam is controlled by DBF digital synthesis technology. The multi-beam technology has a strong printing effect on electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the anti-electromagnetic interference capability of the airborne conformal antenna.

[0057] The radiation patch is conformal to the cavity on the surface of the carrier platform, and the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate, the metal mounting plate and the shaped waveguide circulator are located in a hollow structure inside the carrier platform, such as a hollow structure inside the skin. The array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention does not increase the radar reflection cross-sectional area of ​​a carrier platform such as an aircraft, thereby improving the stealth characteristics of a carrier platform such as an aircraft.

[0058] Figure 7 The voltage standing wave ratio simulation diagram of the airborne conformal antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The horizontal axis is the operating frequency of the airborne conformal antenna, in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). The smaller the voltage standing wave ratio and the closer it is to 1, the better the radiation characteristics of the airborne conformal antenna. In the frequency range of 8 GHz to 35 GHz, the voltage standing wave of the airborne conformal antenna is less than 1.95. It can be seen that the airborne conformal antenna in the embodiment of the present invention has a good voltage standing wave ratio characteristic and has good radiation characteristics.

[0059] Figure 8 A simulation diagram of the beam scanning gain pattern of a typical cross-section of an airborne conformal antenna at a low frequency point according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Fig. 9 A simulation diagram of a beam scanning gain pattern of a typical cross section at a mid-frequency point of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Fig.10 A simulation diagram of a beam scanning gain pattern of a typical cross section at a high frequency point of an airborne conformal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 8-Figure 10 Simulation diagrams of the beam scanning gain pattern of the E-plane with scanning angles of 0°, 30° and 45° for low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency points respectively.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis is the elevation angle coordinate from -60° to 60° in the azimuth plane, in degrees (deg), and the vertical axis is the airborne conformal antenna gain corresponding to the elevation angles of different scanning angles, in dB. The three curves in the figure represent the relationship between the elevation angles of 0°, 30° and 45° and the airborne conformal antenna gain. The gains at the 7GHz frequency point at elevation angles of -46.583°, -41.922°, -19.806°, 9.4622°, and 0.22743° are 26.242dB, 27.462dB, 29.439dB, 29.559dB, and 31.711dB, respectively.

[0061] like Fig. 9As shown, the horizontal axis is the elevation angle coordinate from -60° to 60° in the azimuth plane, in degrees (deg), and the vertical axis is the airborne conformal antenna gain corresponding to the elevation angles of different scanning angles, in dB. The three curves in the figure represent the relationship between the elevation angles of 0°, 30° and 45° and the airborne conformal antenna gain. The gains of the 12GHz frequency point at elevation angles of -46.583°, -41.922°, -19.806°, 9.4622°, and 0.22743° are 26.242dB, 27.462dB, 29.439dB, 29.559dB, and 31.711dB, respectively.

[0062] like Fig.10 As shown, the horizontal axis is the elevation angle coordinate from -60° to 60° in the azimuth plane, in degrees (deg), and the vertical axis is the airborne conformal antenna gain corresponding to the elevation angles of different scanning angles, in dB. The three curves in the figure represent the relationship between the elevation angles of 0°, 30° and 45° and the airborne conformal antenna gain. The gains at the 16GHz frequency point at elevation angles of -46.583°, -41.515°, -30.048°, 19.938°, 9.3809° and 0.18408° are 29.521dB, 31.429dB, 33.968dB, 34.428dB, 34.555 dB and 35.714dB, respectively. It can be seen that the airborne conformal antenna in the embodiment of the present invention has good circular polarization gain radiation patterns at low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency points. Compared with traditional antennas, the working bandwidth of the airborne conformal antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is increased by 30%, and has a wider bandwidth.

[0063] The airborne conformal antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a wide operating bandwidth, good low pitch angle characteristics and radiation characteristics, so that the airborne conformal antenna of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to implement a composite radar information system with functions such as communication, target tracking, data transmission, and friend-or-foe identification, thereby improving the utilization rate of the antenna system, avoiding electromagnetic compatibility problems in multi-system integration, and greatly improving spectrum utilization.

[0064] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an aircraft, wherein the aircraft includes the airborne conformal antenna as described above.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0066] According to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, these embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can make good use of the present invention and modify and use it based on the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne conformal antenna, It is characterized in that include: A radiation patch layer, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate and a metal mounting plate are crimped in sequence, wherein the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate and the metal mounting plate are located in a hollow structure inside a carrier platform, a surface of the carrier platform includes a plurality of cavities conformal to the radiation patch layer, and the carrier platform is fixedly connected to the metal mounting plate; The radiation patch layer includes a plurality of radiation patches and is distributed in the plurality of cavities on the surface of the carrier platform in an array; A plurality of coupling feeding holes are distributed on the first dielectric plate; The microstrip feed line printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate forms a first power division feeding network, and the first power division feeding network is used to divide the external feeding signal or the phase shift signal into multiple first feeding signals; The microstrip feed line printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate forms a second power division feeding network, and the second power division feeding network is used to divide the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal into a plurality of second feeding signals; The plurality of first feed signals and the plurality of second feed signals are electromagnetically coupled to the plurality of radiation patches through the plurality of coupling feed holes.

2. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The airborne conformal antenna further comprises: a shaped waveguide circulator, The shaped waveguide circulator is used to transmit the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal to the first power division feeding network, and is also used to transmit the external feeding signal or the phase-shifted signal to the second power division feeding network.

3. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The shaped waveguide circulator comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port; The first port is connected to an airborne radar transmitter for receiving the external feed signal; The fourth port is connected to the onboard load phase shifter and is used to receive the phase shift signal provided by the load phase shifter; The second port is connected to the input end of the first power division feeding network, and is used to provide the external feeding signal or the phase shift signal; The third port is connected to the input end of the second power division feeding network, and is used to provide the external feeding signal or the phase shift signal.

4. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The phase difference between the external feeding signal and the phase-shifted signal is 180 degrees.

5. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The first power division feeding network includes a plurality of first sub-power division feeding networks divided into two, and the second power division feeding network includes a plurality of second sub-power division feeding networks divided into two; The length of the microstrip feed line of each of the first sub-power division feeding networks is 10 mm shorter than the length of the microstrip feed line of the second sub-power division feeding network.

6. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The first power division feeding network and the second power division feeding network are both one-to-thirty-two power division feeding networks.

7. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The radiation patch comprises: a first dielectric layer, a resistance film layer, a metal reflection wave layer, a polymethacrylimide foam layer, a wave splitting polarization layer and a second dielectric layer which are crimped in sequence from top to bottom.

8. The airborne conformal antenna according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The special-shaped waveguide circulators are all located inside the carrier platform.

9. An aircraft, It is characterized in that The aircraft comprises the airborne conformal antenna according to any one of claims 1-8.

Images