Hybrid battery charging and discharging method and hybrid battery system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a hybrid battery charging and discharging method, applied to a hybrid battery system comprising a hybrid battery and a main board, the hybrid battery being connected to the main board, and the hybrid battery comprising at least two batteries connected to each other, the method comprising: determining and adjusting the connection mode of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the charging or discharging requirement type; charging or discharging the hybrid battery according to the connection mode of each battery in the hybrid battery; the embodiment of the present disclosure can make each battery cell in the hybrid battery adopt a series or parallel connection mode according to the charging and discharging requirement, compared with the existing single battery power supply system, the series battery voltage can be converted into the single battery voltage without a power supply chip, and the discharging efficiency is effectively improved; for the existing fixed series charging, the 5V power supply is adapted to the series battery charging without increasing the boost circuit, and the charging efficiency is effectively improved. The present disclosure also provides a hybrid battery system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a method for charging and discharging a hybrid battery and a hybrid battery system. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile phones and other mobile devices have become essential tools for communication, digital entertainment, and many other aspects of daily life. Large-capacity batteries are a primary measure to improve battery life. The large-capacity batteries and frequent use make fast charging a crucial aspect of enhancing user experience. However, due to the 5A current limit of cables and the need to improve charging efficiency and reduce power transmission and conversion losses, high-voltage charging has become the mainstream solution. Increasing voltage and reducing current transmission can effectively reduce line transmission losses, but high voltage is incompatible with battery voltage and cannot be directly charged. Even when using a 5V power supply, a power conversion chip is still needed to convert the 5V power to a voltage suitable for the battery.

[0003] Currently, one solution for adapting high voltage to battery voltage is to connect the batteries in series. Connecting the batteries in series to adapt to the high voltage input can reduce power loss caused by power conversion, but there are still the following drawbacks: (1) The circuit system only supports the power supply of a single battery, so a power chip is needed to convert the series batteries into a power output that is compatible with the voltage, which will also bring some losses. (2) When charging the series batteries for conventional 5V charging, a boost circuit needs to be added to adapt to the series battery charging, and the boost conversion efficiency is also low. (3) Fixed series batteries reduce charging losses, but also bring discharging losses. With the popularization of 5G and other technologies, the overall power of the system increases, and the discharging losses will significantly reduce the battery life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure addresses the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a method for charging and discharging a hybrid battery and a hybrid battery system.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for charging and discharging a hybrid battery, applied to a hybrid battery system including a hybrid battery and a motherboard, wherein the hybrid battery is connected to the motherboard, and the hybrid battery includes at least two interconnected batteries, the method comprising:

[0006] Determine and adjust the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the type of charging or discharging demand;

[0007] The hybrid battery is charged or discharged according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hybrid battery includes at least: a battery pack management unit, a first cell, a second cell, a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a third protection unit, wherein the first cell, the first protection unit, and the second protection unit belong to the same battery, and the second cell and the third protection unit belong to the same battery;

[0009] The hybrid battery system also includes a switch for adjusting the connection method of each battery, the switch being located inside the hybrid battery or on the motherboard.

[0010] In some embodiments, the switch is disposed within the hybrid battery, with a first end of the switch connected to a first end of a first cell and a first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, a second end of the switch connected to a first end of a second cell and a second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and a third end of the switch connected to a fourth end of the battery pack management unit.

[0011] The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively.

[0012] The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third battery protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit.

[0013] The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0014] The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery, respectively.

[0015] The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit, which is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0016] In some embodiments, the switch is disposed on the motherboard, the motherboard further includes a charge and discharge management unit, a first terminal of the switch is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, a second terminal of the switch is connected to the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, a third terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the charge and discharge management unit, and the second terminal of the charge and discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0017] The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively.

[0018] The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit.

[0019] The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0020] The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0021] In some embodiments, before charging the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, the method further includes:

[0022] The voltage of each battery cell in each of the hybrid batteries is detected, and the maximum voltage value is determined;

[0023] Each battery cell in the hybrid battery is divided into two groups, one corresponding to the cell with the maximum voltage, and the voltage difference between the two cells in each group is calculated.

[0024] If the voltage difference of at least one group of cells is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, then the cell with the lower voltage in the group is pre-charged for balance, and the voltage of the cell being pre-charged for balance is detected, until the voltage difference between two cells in the group is less than the first threshold, then the pre-charging of the cells is stopped.

[0025] If the voltage difference between each group of cells is less than the first threshold, the hybrid battery is charged according to the connection method of each cell in the hybrid battery.

[0026] In some embodiments, the hybrid battery charging and discharging method further includes:

[0027] During the charging process of the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery is detected;

[0028] If at least one cell's voltage reaches the cutoff voltage, and at least one cell's voltage does not reach the cutoff voltage, then the cell that does not reach the cutoff voltage will be compensated and charged separately.

[0029] In some embodiments, the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in series. The method further includes: if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, then based on the voltage of the cell that did not reach the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold, it is determined whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal.

[0030] If the cells in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, then after the individual compensation charging of the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage, the method further includes: determining whether the cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold.

[0031] In some embodiments, determining whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold includes:

[0032] Calculate the difference between the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage when compensation charging begins;

[0033] If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is less than the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that reaches the cutoff voltage first is determined to be abnormal.

[0034] If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is determined to be abnormal.

[0035] If the difference is less than a preset second threshold, then it is determined that the cells of each battery in the hybrid battery are normal.

[0036] In some embodiments, the reference voltage is the average voltage of the cells that have undergone compensation charging for a previous preset number of times at the start of compensation charging, wherein the cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging in the form of batteries connected in series.

[0037] The hybrid battery charging and discharging method further includes:

[0038] If the difference is less than a preset second threshold, the reference voltage is updated based on the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging.

[0039] In some embodiments, determining whether a cell undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery is abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold includes:

[0040] Calculate the difference between the compensated charging time and the reference charging time for each battery cell in the hybrid battery;

[0041] If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset third threshold, and the compensation charging time is less than the reference time, then the corresponding battery cell undergoing compensation charging is determined to be abnormal.

[0042] If the difference is less than a preset third threshold, then it is determined that all cells in the hybrid battery undergoing compensation charging are normal.

[0043] In some embodiments, the reference duration is the average duration of the battery cells undergoing compensation charging for the previous preset number of times, wherein the battery cells undergoing compensation charging are normal battery cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging under the parallel connection of batteries.

[0044] The method further includes:

[0045] If the difference is less than the preset third threshold, the reference duration is updated based on the compensation charging duration of the battery cell undergoing compensation charging this time.

[0046] In some embodiments, the discharge demand types include: parallel output discharge, multiple independent output discharge, series output discharge; and / or

[0047] The charging demand types include: parallel charging and series charging.

[0048] The hybrid battery charging and discharging method provided in this disclosure is applied to a hybrid battery system including a hybrid battery and a motherboard. The hybrid battery is connected to the motherboard, and the hybrid battery includes at least two interconnected batteries. The method includes: determining and adjusting the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the charging or discharging demand type; and charging or discharging the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery. This disclosure allows the battery cells in the hybrid battery to be connected in series or in parallel according to the charging and discharging demand. Compared with the existing single-cell battery power supply system, it can convert the voltage of the series battery into the voltage of a single cell without the need for a power chip, effectively improving the discharge efficiency. For existing fixed series charging, it eliminates the need to add a boost circuit to adapt the 5V power supply to the series battery charging, effectively improving the charging efficiency.

[0049] In another aspect, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a hybrid battery system, including a hybrid battery and a motherboard connected to each other. The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit, and the hybrid battery includes a battery combination management unit and at least two batteries connected to each other. The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the battery combination management unit and is used to determine the charging or discharging demand type and send corresponding adjustment instructions to the battery combination management unit according to the charging or discharging demand type.

[0050] The battery pack management unit is used to adjust the connection method of the battery according to the adjustment instruction, and to charge or discharge the battery according to the connection method.

[0051] In some embodiments, the hybrid battery further includes at least: a first cell, a second cell, a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a third protection unit, wherein the first cell, the first protection unit, and the second protection unit belong to the same battery, and the second cell and the third protection unit belong to the same battery;

[0052] The hybrid battery system also includes a switch for adjusting the connection method of each battery, the switch being located inside the hybrid battery or on the motherboard.

[0053] In some embodiments, the switch is disposed within the hybrid battery, with a first end of the switch connected to a first end of a first cell and a first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, a second end of the switch connected to a first end of a second cell and a second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and a third end of the switch connected to a fourth end of the battery pack management unit.

[0054] The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively.

[0055] The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third battery protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit.

[0056] The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0057] The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery, respectively.

[0058] The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0059] In some embodiments, the switch is disposed on the motherboard, the first end of the switch is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the second end of the switch is connected to the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the third end of the switch is connected to the first end of the charge and discharge management unit, and the second end of the charge and discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0060] The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively.

[0061] The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit.

[0062] The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0063] The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0064] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge management unit is further configured to, before the battery combination management unit charges the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, detect the voltage of each battery cell in each hybrid battery and determine the maximum voltage; divide each battery cell in the hybrid battery into a group with the cell corresponding to the maximum voltage, and calculate the voltage difference between the two cells in each group; if the voltage difference of at least one group of cells is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, perform a balancing pre-charge on the cell with the lower voltage in the group, and detect the voltage of the cell performing the balancing pre-charge, until the voltage difference between the two cells in the group is less than the first threshold, and stop the balancing pre-charge on the cell; if the voltage difference of each group of cells is less than the first threshold, then charge the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery.

[0065] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge management unit is further configured to, during the charging process of the battery pack management unit according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, detect the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery; if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, instruct the battery pack management unit to perform compensation charging on the cell that does not reach the cutoff voltage separately.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in series, the battery combination management unit is further configured to determine whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, based on the voltage of the cell that did not reach the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold.

[0067] When the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, the charge and discharge management unit is further configured to, after individually compensating the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage, determine whether the cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold.

[0068] In some embodiments, when the cells in the hybrid battery are connected in series, the battery pack management unit is used to calculate the difference between the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage when compensation charging begins; if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is less than the reference voltage when compensation charging begins, then the cell that reaches the cutoff voltage first is determined to be abnormal; if the difference is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage when compensation charging begins, then the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is determined to be abnormal; if the difference is less than the preset second threshold, then all cells in the hybrid battery are determined to be normal.

[0069] In some embodiments, the reference voltage is the average voltage of the cells that have undergone compensation charging for a previous preset number of times at the start of compensation charging, wherein the cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging in the form of batteries connected in series.

[0070] The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to update the reference voltage based on the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging if the difference is less than a preset second threshold.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, the battery pack management unit is used to calculate the difference between the compensation charging time and the reference charging time for each battery cell in the hybrid battery; if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset third threshold, and the compensation charging time is less than the reference charging time, then the corresponding cell undergoing compensation charging is determined to be abnormal; if the difference is less than the preset third threshold, then all cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are determined to be normal.

[0072] In some embodiments, the reference duration is the average duration of the battery cells undergoing compensation charging for the previous preset number of times, wherein the battery cells undergoing compensation charging are normal battery cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging under the parallel connection of batteries.

[0073] The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to update the reference duration based on the compensation charging duration of the battery cell undergoing compensation charging if the difference is less than a preset third threshold.

[0074] In some embodiments, the discharge demand types include: parallel output discharge, multiple independent output discharge, series output discharge; and / or

[0075] The charging demand types include: parallel charging and series charging.

[0076] The hybrid battery system provided in this disclosure includes interconnected hybrid batteries and a motherboard. The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit, and the hybrid battery includes a battery combination management unit and at least two interconnected batteries. The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the battery combination management unit and is used to determine the charging or discharging demand type and send corresponding adjustment instructions to the battery combination management unit according to the charging or discharging demand type. The battery combination management unit is used to adjust the connection method of the batteries according to the adjustment instructions and to charge or discharge according to the connection method of the batteries. The system allows the battery cells in the hybrid battery to be connected in series or parallel according to the charging and discharging demand. Compared with existing single-cell battery power supply systems, it eliminates the need for a power chip to convert the voltage of the series batteries into the voltage of a single cell, effectively improving discharge efficiency. For existing fixed series charging, it eliminates the need to add a boost circuit to adapt the 5V power supply to the series battery charging, effectively improving charging efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0077] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic flowcharts of the hybrid battery charging and discharging method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0078] Figure 2a This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a hybrid battery system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0079] Figure 2b for Figure 2a A schematic diagram of the structure of a hybrid battery in a medium-sized hybrid battery system;

[0080] Figure 3a This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid battery system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0081] Figure 3b for Figure 3a A schematic diagram of the structure of a hybrid battery in a medium-sized hybrid battery system;

[0082] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the balanced pre-charging process provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0083] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the compensation charging process provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0084] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining cell abnormalities in a battery series configuration according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0085] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining cell abnormalities in a parallel battery configuration according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0086] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hybrid battery system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0087] Exemplary embodiments will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, these exemplary embodiments may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the scope of this disclosure.

[0088] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated entries.

[0089] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “made of” are used in this specification, the presence of the said feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component is specified, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof is not excluded.

[0090] The embodiments described herein can be described with reference to plan views and / or cross-sectional views using the ideal schematic diagrams of this disclosure. Therefore, the example illustrations can be modified according to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the embodiments are not limited to those shown in the drawings, but include modifications to configurations formed based on manufacturing processes. Therefore, the areas illustrated in the drawings are schematic in nature, and the shapes of the areas shown in the figures illustrate specific shapes of areas of an element, but are not intended to be limiting.

[0091] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and this disclosure, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless expressly so defined herein.

[0092] This disclosure provides a method for charging and discharging a hybrid battery, the method being applied to... Figure 8 The hybrid battery system shown, such as Figure 8 As shown, the hybrid battery system includes hybrid batteries and a motherboard. The hybrid batteries are connected to the motherboard, and the hybrid batteries include at least two interconnected batteries (not shown in the figure).

[0093] The hybrid battery charging and discharging method provided in this disclosure is used for charging and discharging hybrid batteries. The following is a combination of... Figure 8 and Figure 1 The method for charging and discharging the hybrid battery is described in detail below.

[0094] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, the hybrid battery charging and discharging method provided in this disclosure includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 11: Determine and adjust the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the charging or discharging demand type.

[0096] In some embodiments, charging demand types may include: parallel charging and series charging. Discharging demand types may include: parallel output discharging, multi-channel independent output discharging, and series output discharging.

[0097] In this step, the motherboard's charge / discharge management unit determines the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the charging or discharging demand type, and instructs the hybrid battery's battery pack management unit to adjust the connection method of each battery.

[0098] Step 12: Charge or discharge the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery.

[0099] In this step, the battery pack management unit of the hybrid battery adjusts the connection mode of each battery according to the instructions of the charge / discharge management unit, and controls the hybrid battery to charge or discharge under the adjusted connection mode. For example, if parallel charging of the hybrid battery is required, the batteries in the hybrid battery are adjusted to a parallel connection mode, and the hybrid battery is charged under this parallel connection mode.

[0100] The hybrid battery charging and discharging method provided in this disclosure is applied to a hybrid battery system including a hybrid battery and a motherboard. The hybrid battery is connected to the motherboard, and the hybrid battery includes at least two interconnected batteries. The method includes: determining and adjusting the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the charging or discharging demand type; and charging or discharging the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery. This disclosure allows the battery cells in the hybrid battery to be connected in series or parallel according to the charging and discharging demand. Compared with the existing single-cell battery power supply system, it can convert the voltage of the series battery into the voltage of a single cell without the need for a power chip, effectively improving the discharge efficiency. For existing fixed series charging, there is no need to add a boost circuit to adapt to the series battery charging, effectively improving the charging efficiency.

[0101] One existing series charging and parallel discharging scheme involves setting up a combination of four switches between two series-connected batteries to meet different charging and discharging requirements. However, this scheme has the following drawbacks: (1) During both the charging and discharging stages, two switches will be in operation, which will increase the impedance loss of the switches. For example, when charging at 65W, the current entering the battery is greater than 5A, and the 10 milliohm switch impedance loss will also result in a switch conduction loss higher than 0.25W. (2) Implementing the circuit with multiple electronic switches will occupy a large circuit area, which is particularly difficult for mobile terminal circuits.

[0102] To address the aforementioned issues, this disclosure proposes a hybrid battery system, including a switch for adjusting the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery. The switch can be located inside the hybrid battery or on the motherboard. The hybrid battery includes at least: a battery pack management unit, a first cell, a second cell, a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a third protection unit. The first cell, the first protection unit, and the second protection unit belong to the same battery (e.g., the first battery), and the second cell and the third protection unit belong to the same battery (e.g., the second battery).

[0103] In a single battery cell, the cell stores electrical energy. A protection unit detects the voltage and current across the cell, providing overcharge and over-discharge protection. A first or second protection unit works with the first cell to charge and discharge the first battery. A second cell and a third protection unit work together to charge and discharge the second battery. The battery pack management unit, based on the charging and discharging requirements determined by the charging and discharging management unit, controls the switches and protection units to either turn on or off, enabling series or parallel connections of the battery cells. Alternatively, the charging and discharging management unit controls the switches to turn on or off, also enabling series or parallel connections of the battery cells.

[0104] The embodiments disclosed herein reduce the number of switches, enabling the switching of battery connection methods between charging and discharging states using a single switch. This reduces impedance loss in the charging and discharging circuit, further improves charging and discharging efficiency, optimizes circuit layout, and facilitates thinner and lighter terminal devices while reducing costs.

[0105] The following are combined with Figures 2a-2b and Figures 3a-3b The solutions for setting the switch inside the hybrid battery or on the motherboard are explained in detail.

[0106] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, a switch is installed inside the hybrid battery. The first end of the switch is connected to the first end of the first cell and the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the switch is connected to the first end of the second cell and the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery. The third end of the switch is connected to the fourth terminal of the battery pack management unit. The switch is used to connect the first and second positive terminals, which are used for charging or discharging. The second positive terminal provides the single-cell battery power supply voltage to the motherboard by default. The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third terminals of the first protection unit, the second protection unit, and the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first and second protection units, respectively. The first end of the second cell is connected to the second terminal of the first protection unit, the third terminal of the third battery protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth terminal of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first terminal of the third protection unit. The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0107] The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit, which is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0108] The hybrid battery is connected to the motherboard via a first positive terminal, a second positive terminal, a communication terminal, and a negative terminal. The first positive and negative terminals are used for charging or discharging the battery, while the second positive and negative terminals are used to provide single-cell battery voltage for discharging. The communication terminal is used for communication between the battery pack management unit and the motherboard's charge / discharge management unit. A switch is used to connect the first and second positive terminals, which are used for charging or discharging. The second positive terminal, by default, provides the motherboard with the single-cell battery power supply voltage.

[0109] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3a and Figure 3bAs shown, a switch is mounted on the motherboard, which also includes a charge / discharge management unit. The first terminal of the switch is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the second terminal of the switch is connected to the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the third terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the charge / discharge management unit. The second terminal of the charge / discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The first terminal of the first battery cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third terminals of the first protection unit, the second protection unit, and the battery pack management unit. The second terminal of the first battery cell is connected to the first terminal of the first protection unit and the first terminal of the second protection unit. The first terminal of the second battery cell is connected to the second terminal of the first protection unit, the third terminal of the third protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth terminal of the battery pack management unit. The second terminal of the second battery cell is connected to the first terminal of the third protection unit. The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The second terminal of the third protection unit is connected to the second terminal of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0110] Figure 3a and 3b The scheme shown is the same as Figure 2a and Figure 2b Compared to the proposed solution, moving the switch from inside the hybrid battery to the main board, with the charge / discharge management unit controlling the switch's on / off state, simplifies the internal circuitry of the hybrid battery.

[0111] In this embodiment of the disclosure, Figure 2a and Figure 2b The following scheme will be used as an example for explanation.

[0112] In some embodiments, in step 12, the battery pack management unit of the hybrid battery communicates with the charge / discharge management unit of the mainboard via a communication terminal, and controls the first and second cells to be connected in series or in parallel according to charging or discharging requirements. Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, if the charging requirement is series charging, the battery pack management unit shuts off the second protection unit and the switch, and enables the first protection unit. This allows the entire power path to enter from the first positive terminal, passing through the first cell, the first protection unit, the second cell, and the third protection unit, forming a charging path for two cells connected in series. If the charging requirement is parallel charging, the battery pack management unit shuts off the first protection unit, and enables the second protection unit and the switch. This allows the entire power path to enter from the first positive terminal, passing through the first cell and the second protection unit respectively. Simultaneously, the power path enters from the second positive terminal, passing through the switch, the second cell, and the third protection unit, thus forming a charging path for two cells connected in parallel.

[0113] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, depending on the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, before charging the hybrid battery (i.e., step 12), the hybrid battery charging and discharging method may further include the following steps:

[0114] Step 21: Detect the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and determine the maximum voltage value.

[0115] Step 22: Divide each battery cell in the hybrid battery into a group with the cell corresponding to the maximum voltage value, and calculate the voltage difference between the two cells in each group.

[0116] Step 23: If the voltage difference of at least one group of cells is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, then proceed to step 24; if the voltage difference of each group of cells is less than the first threshold, then proceed to step 12.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first threshold may be 0.02V.

[0118] In this step, if the voltage difference between two cells is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the cell with the lower voltage among the two cells will be pre-charged to balance the charge.

[0119] If the voltage difference between any two cells in the hybrid battery is less than the first threshold, the hybrid battery can enter the charging stage, that is, the hybrid battery is charged according to the connection method of each cell in the hybrid battery.

[0120] Step 24: Perform a balancing pre-charge on the cells with lower voltage in the group of cells, and detect the voltage of the cells performing the balancing pre-charge. Stop the balancing pre-charge on the cells when the voltage difference between two cells in the group is less than a first threshold.

[0121] In this step, during the balancing pre-charging process, the battery pack management unit also needs to detect the voltage of the cells that are undergoing balancing pre-charging, and recalculate the voltage difference between the two cells in the group. If the voltage difference is still greater than or equal to the first threshold, then the balancing pre-charging continues; if the voltage difference is less than the first threshold, then the balancing pre-charging stops.

[0122] like Figure 2b As shown, if the voltage of the first cell is too low, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit and the switch, enables the second protection unit, and begins to perform balancing pre-charging on the first cell; if the voltage of the second cell is too low, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit and the second protection unit, enables the switch, and begins to perform pre-balancing pre-charging on the second cell.

[0123] Each group of cells in the hybrid battery undergoes a pre-balancing charge according to the above steps. When the voltage difference between each group of cells is less than the first threshold, the pre-balancing charge stage ends and the hybrid battery charging stage begins.

[0124] by Figure 2b Taking the hybrid battery shown as an example, this hybrid battery includes two cells, therefore there is only one battery group. The battery pack management unit determines which cell, the first or the second, has a lower voltage, and then initiates a balancing pre-charge on that cell. The balancing pre-charge process only charges a single cell; therefore, the battery pack management unit switches to that cell for balancing pre-charge. If the voltage of the first cell is low, it indicates that the first cell needs balancing pre-charge. The battery pack management unit shuts off the switch and the first protection unit, and enables the second protection unit, thus enabling single-cell charging of the first cell. If the voltage of the second cell is low, it indicates that the second cell needs balancing pre-charge. The battery pack management unit shuts off the first and second protection units, and enables the switch, thus enabling single-cell charging of the second cell. The mainboard's charge / discharge management unit controls the charging current based on the charging curve range of the cell's current voltage. During the balancing pre-charge process, the battery pack management unit detects the voltage of the cell undergoing balancing pre-charge. When the voltage difference between the first and second cells is less than a first threshold, the balancing pre-charge process ends.

[0125] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the hybrid battery charging and discharging method may further include the following steps:

[0126] Step 31: During the charging process of the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery is detected.

[0127] Step 32: If the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage, proceed to step 33; otherwise, return to step 31.

[0128] In this step, if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage, it is determined whether the voltage of all battery cells in the hybrid battery has reached the cutoff voltage (i.e., step 33 is executed). If none of the battery cells in the hybrid battery have reached the cutoff voltage, the process returns to step 31 to continue detecting the voltage of each battery cell.

[0129] Step 33: If the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, proceed to step 34; otherwise, end the process.

[0130] Step 34: Perform compensation charging on individual cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage.

[0131] In this step, if multiple cells fail to reach the cutoff voltage, these cells will be individually compensated and charged.

[0132] It should be noted that when it is determined in step 34 and step 32 that a small voltage has reached the cutoff voltage, charging of the battery cell that has reached the cutoff voltage must be terminated.

[0133] by Figure 2b Taking the hybrid battery as an example, if the first cell has reached its cutoff voltage while the second cell has not, then the second cell is charged separately for compensation until it also reaches its cutoff voltage. In this case, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first and second protection units, enables the switch, and the second cell is charged cell-by-cell according to the charging curve until it reaches its cutoff voltage. If the second cell has reached its cutoff voltage while the first cell has not, then the first cell is charged separately for compensation until it also reaches its cutoff voltage. In this case, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit and the switch, enables the second protection unit, and the first cell is charged cell-by-cell according to the charging curve until it reaches its cutoff voltage.

[0134] This disclosed embodiment can individually compensate for the charging of cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage, enabling single-cell charging control. Compared to the scheme of bypassing other cells with parallel resistors during the balanced charging of multiple cells, this improves charging efficiency, achieves fast charging, eliminates the need for resistor bypass, and saves costs. Furthermore, the compensation charging mechanism reduces the consistency requirements of each cell in a hybrid battery system, further reducing costs.

[0135] The cell compensation charging process is similar to the cell balancing pre-charging process, with the main difference being that: cell balancing pre-charging involves pre-charging cells with lower voltages at the beginning of charging to bring the voltages of the two cells together. In contrast, the cell compensation charging process continues charging cells that have not reached the charging cutoff voltage until they do, just before the charging process ends.

[0136] In some embodiments, during the charging phase of the hybrid battery, it is also possible to detect whether the state of each cell in the hybrid battery is abnormal.

[0137] For hybrid batteries where the cells are connected in series, the hybrid battery charging and discharging method may further include the following steps: if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage, and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, then based on the voltage of the cell that did not reach the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold, it is determined whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal. In other words, for charging with cells connected in series, it is possible to determine whether a cell is abnormal before or during compensation charging.

[0138] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the method for determining whether the cells in a hybrid battery are abnormal based on the voltage of the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold includes the following steps:

[0139] Step 41: Calculate the difference between the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins.

[0140] Step 42: If the difference is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold, then proceed to step 43; otherwise, determine that all cells in the hybrid battery are normal.

[0141] To ensure accuracy, the second threshold should be less than the first threshold.

[0142] In this step, if the difference between the voltage of a cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage at the start of compensation charging is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that there is a cell abnormality, and step 43 is further executed to determine which cells are abnormal; if the difference between the voltage of a cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage at the start of compensation charging is less than the second threshold, it indicates that all cells in the hybrid battery are normal.

[0143] Step 43: If the voltage of a cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is lower than the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that reaches the cutoff voltage first is determined to be abnormal; otherwise, the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is determined to be abnormal.

[0144] In this step, if the voltage of a cell that has not reached its cutoff voltage is lower than the reference voltage at the start of compensation charging, it indicates that the cell that has not reached its cutoff voltage (i.e., the cell that needs compensation charging) is normal. In this case, the cell that reached its cutoff voltage too early experienced an excessively rapid voltage rise, leading to an abnormality. If the voltage of a cell that has not reached its cutoff voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage at the start of compensation charging, it indicates that the cell that has not reached its cutoff voltage (i.e., the cell that needs compensation charging) experienced an excessively rapid voltage rise, leading to an abnormality.

[0145] Once an abnormality is detected in a battery cell, the battery pack management unit can send an alarm to the mainboard to notify the user to replace the battery in a timely manner.

[0146] In some embodiments, the reference voltage can be the average voltage of the cells that underwent compensation charging for the first preset number of times at the start of compensation charging, wherein the cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging in a series connection configuration. That is, the reference voltage can be the average voltage value of the cells undergoing compensation charging (where no abnormality occurred) at the start of compensation charging in the first n series charging cycles. For example, if n = 10, in the first 10 series charging cycles, the voltage value of the cells undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging in each of these 10 cycles is taken, and the average of these voltage values ​​is calculated. It should be noted that if the number of compensation charging cycles for the cells in the series charging cycle is less than the preset number, the actual number of compensation charging cycles can be used as the preset number when calculating the reference voltage.

[0147] In some embodiments, the hybrid battery charging and discharging method may further include the following steps: if the difference between the voltage of a cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and the reference voltage is less than a preset second threshold, then the reference voltage is updated based on the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging. That is, after determining that all cells in the hybrid battery are normal, the reference voltage can be updated using the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging during this series charging process at the start of compensation charging (this voltage value is the latest reliable data). Specifically, if the cell undergoing compensation charging is normal, the reference voltage is the average value including the voltage values ​​of the cells undergoing compensation charging this time, so as to determine whether the cell is abnormal during the next compensation charging. If an abnormality is found in any cell, the reference voltage is not updated, thus ensuring the accuracy of the reference voltage.

[0148] Dynamic updates to the reference voltage can ensure its accuracy and improve the accuracy of cell anomaly detection.

[0149] For hybrid batteries where the cells are connected in parallel, after individually compensating for the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage (i.e., step 34), the hybrid battery charging and discharging method further includes the following step: determining whether the cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each cell and a preset third threshold. In other words, for charging in a parallel cell connection configuration, after completing the compensation charging, it can be determined whether a cell has experienced an abnormality. It should be noted that the compensation charging time described in this embodiment refers to the compensation charging time of each cell under the same compensation charging current.

[0150] In a hybrid battery system where the cells are connected in parallel, the compensation charging process only begins when the cell cutoff voltages differ. Figure 2a and Figure 2b Taking the hybrid battery shown as an example, the first cell and the second cell are connected in parallel for charging. If the first cell has not reached the cutoff voltage but the second cell has, when entering the compensation charging phase, the battery pack management unit switches the first cell to single-cell charging and stops charging the second cell. At the same time, it informs the charge and discharge management unit of the main board to start single-cell charging of the first cell. The charge and discharge management unit of the main board controls the charging of the first cell to end according to the charging curve of the first cell. At the same time, the battery pack management unit records the charging time of the first cell during the entire compensation charging.

[0151] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the step of determining whether a cell undergoing compensation charging in a hybrid battery is abnormal, based on the compensation charging time of each cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold, includes the following steps:

[0152] Step 51: Calculate the difference between the compensated charging time and the reference charging time for each battery cell in the hybrid battery.

[0153] Step 52: If the difference is greater than or equal to the preset third threshold, then proceed to step 53; otherwise, determine that all cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are normal.

[0154] In this step, if the difference between the compensation charging time and the reference charging time of the cell is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it indicates that there is an abnormality in the cell undergoing compensation charging, and further step 53 is executed to specifically determine which cells are abnormal; if the difference between the compensation charging time and the reference charging time of the cell is less than the third threshold, it indicates that all cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are normal.

[0155] Step 53: If the compensation charging time is less than the reference time, the corresponding battery cell undergoing compensation charging is determined to be abnormal; otherwise, the process ends.

[0156] In this step, if the compensation charging time is less than the reference time, it indicates that the capacity of the battery cell undergoing compensation charging has decreased, indicating an abnormality. If the compensation charging time is greater than or equal to the reference time, it is impossible to determine which battery cells are abnormal, and this process ends.

[0157] Once an abnormality is detected in a battery cell, the battery pack management unit can send an alarm to the mainboard to notify the user to replace the battery in a timely manner.

[0158] In some embodiments, the reference duration can be the average duration of compensation charging for the cells in the first preset number of charging cycles, wherein the cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is performed in parallel battery configuration. That is, the reference duration can be the average duration of compensation charging for each of the cells (where no abnormality occurred) in the first m parallel charging cycles. For example, if m = 10, the compensation charging duration for each of the first 10 parallel charging cycles is taken, and the average of these compensation charging durations is calculated. It should be noted that if the number of compensation charging cycles for the cells in parallel charging does not reach the preset number, the actual number of compensation charging cycles can be used as the preset number when calculating the reference duration.

[0159] In some embodiments, the hybrid battery charging and discharging method may further include the following steps: if the difference between the compensation charging time of a cell and the reference time is less than a preset third threshold, the reference time is updated based on the compensation charging time of the cell undergoing compensation charging this time. That is, after determining that all cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are normal, the reference time can be updated using the compensation charging time of the cells undergoing compensation charging during this parallel charging process (this time is the latest reliable data). In other words, if the cells undergoing compensation charging are normal, the reference time is the average value including the compensation charging time of this time, so as to determine whether the cells are abnormal during the next compensation charging. If an abnormality is found in a cell, the reference time is not updated, thus ensuring the accuracy of the reference time.

[0160] Dynamic updates during reference can ensure the accuracy of the reference duration and improve the accuracy of cell anomaly detection.

[0161] The hybrid battery charging and discharging method provided in this disclosure can also realize various types of discharge of hybrid batteries, such as parallel output discharge, multi-channel independent output discharge, and series output discharge.

[0162] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, the hybrid battery can supply power to the main board independently through different positive terminals of the first and second cells (i.e., multiple independent output discharges), or the first and second cells can be connected in parallel for output discharge, or the first and second cells can be connected in series for output discharge, depending on the discharge demand.

[0163] In the case of multi-channel independent output discharge, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit and the switch, enables the second protection unit, and the first cell supplies power to the main board through the first positive terminal, while the second cell supplies power to the main board through the second positive terminal.

[0164] In the case of parallel output discharge, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit, enables the second protection unit and the switch, and supplies power to the main board through the first positive terminal and the second positive terminal (wherein the first positive terminal and the second positive terminal are connected together).

[0165] Series output discharge can include one series output discharge and one individual discharge. (Combined) Figure 2a and Figure 2bAs shown, in the case of one-way series output discharge and one-way individual discharge, the battery pack management unit shuts down the second protection unit and the switch, enables the first protection unit, and supplies power to the main board through the first positive terminal of the first and second battery cells connected in series, and supplies power to the main board through the second positive terminal of the second battery cell. The first positive terminal provides the high voltage of two battery cells connected in series, and the second positive terminal provides the low voltage of a single battery cell. This can meet the high voltage requirement and reduce some of the conversion loss caused by converting low voltage to high voltage.

[0166] In such Figure 3a and Figure 3b In the illustrated embodiment, with Figure 2a and Figure 2b The difference in the illustrated embodiment is that the opening and closing of the switch is controlled by the charging and discharging management unit of the motherboard. The cell balancing pre-charging process, the compensation charging process, and the cell abnormality judgment process are all the same, and will not be described again here.

[0167] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, the hybrid battery can be charged by connecting the first and second cells in parallel or in series, depending on the charging demand. If the demand is for series charging, the battery pack management unit shuts down the second protection unit and enables the first protection unit, while the charge / discharge management unit shuts off the switch. This allows the entire power path to enter from the first positive terminal, passing through the first cell, the first protection unit, the second cell, and the third protection unit, forming a charging path for the two cells connected in series. If the demand is for parallel charging, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit and enables the second protection unit, while the charge / discharge management unit enables the switch. This allows the entire power path to enter from the first positive terminal, passing through the first cell and the second protection unit. Simultaneously, the power path also enters from the second positive terminal through the switch, passing through the second cell and the third protection unit, thus forming a charging path for the two cells connected in parallel.

[0168] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, the hybrid battery can supply power to the main board independently through different positive terminals of the first and second cells (i.e., multiple independent output discharges), or the first and second cells can be connected in parallel for output discharge, or the first and second cells can be connected in series for output discharge, depending on the discharge demand.

[0169] In the case of multi-channel independent output discharge, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit and enables the second protection unit. The charge and discharge management unit turns off the switch. The first cell supplies power to the main board through the first positive terminal, and the second cell supplies power to the main board through the second positive terminal.

[0170] In the case of parallel output discharge, the battery pack management unit shuts down the first protection unit, enables the second protection unit, and enables the charge and discharge management unit. The first and second cells supply power to the main board through the first positive terminal and the second positive terminal (wherein the first positive terminal and the second positive terminal are connected together).

[0171] Series output discharge can include one series output discharge and one individual discharge. In the case of one series output discharge and one individual discharge, the battery pack management unit shuts down the second protection unit and enables the first protection unit. The charge / discharge management unit shuts down the switch. The first cell and the second cell are connected in series and supply power to the main board through the first positive terminal. The second cell also supplies power to the main board through the second positive terminal. The first positive terminal provides the high voltage of the two cells connected in series, and the second positive terminal provides the low voltage of a single cell. This satisfies the high voltage requirement and reduces some of the conversion losses caused by converting from low voltage to high voltage.

[0172] Based on the same technical concept, this disclosure also provides a hybrid battery system, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the hybrid battery system includes interconnected hybrid batteries and a motherboard. The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit. The hybrid battery includes a battery pack management unit and at least two interconnected batteries. The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the battery pack management unit and is used to determine the charging or discharging demand type and send corresponding adjustment instructions to the battery pack management unit according to the charging or discharging demand type.

[0173] The battery pack management unit is used to adjust the connection method of the battery according to the adjustment instruction, and to charge or discharge the battery according to the connection method.

[0174] In some embodiments, the hybrid battery further includes at least: a first cell, a second cell, a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a third protection unit, wherein the first cell, the first protection unit, and the second protection unit belong to the same battery, and the second cell and the third protection unit belong to the same battery;

[0175] The hybrid battery system also includes a switch for adjusting the connection method of each battery, the switch being located inside the hybrid battery or on the motherboard.

[0176] In some embodiments, the switch is disposed within the hybrid battery, with a first end of the switch connected to a first end of a first cell and a first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, a second end of the switch connected to a first end of a second cell and a second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and a third end of the switch connected to a fourth end of the battery pack management unit.

[0177] The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively.

[0178] The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third battery protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit.

[0179] The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0180] The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery, respectively.

[0181] The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0182] In some embodiments, the switch is disposed on the motherboard, the first end of the switch is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the second end of the switch is connected to the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the third end of the switch is connected to the first end of the charge and discharge management unit, and the second end of the charge and discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0183] The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively.

[0184] The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit.

[0185] The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0186] The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

[0187] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge management unit is further configured to, before the battery combination management unit charges the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, detect the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and determine the maximum voltage; divide each battery cell in the hybrid battery into a group with the cell corresponding to the maximum voltage, and calculate the voltage difference between the two cells in each group; if the voltage difference of at least one group of cells is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, perform a balance pre-charge on the cell with the lower voltage in the group, and detect the voltage of the cell performing the balance pre-charge, until the voltage difference between the two cells in the group is less than the first threshold, and stop the balance pre-charge on the cell; if the voltage difference of each group of cells is less than the first threshold, charge the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery.

[0188] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge management unit is further configured to, during the charging process of the battery pack management unit according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, detect the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery; if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, instruct the battery pack management unit to perform compensation charging on the cell that does not reach the cutoff voltage separately.

[0189] In some embodiments, when the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in series, the battery combination management unit is further configured to determine whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, based on the voltage of the cell that did not reach the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold.

[0190] When the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, the charge and discharge management unit is further configured to, after individually compensating the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage, determine whether the cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold.

[0191] In some embodiments, when the cells in the hybrid battery are connected in series, the battery pack management unit is used to calculate the difference between the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage when compensation charging begins; if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is less than the reference voltage when compensation charging begins, then the cell that reaches the cutoff voltage first is determined to be abnormal; if the difference is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage when compensation charging begins, then the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is determined to be abnormal; if the difference is less than the preset second threshold, then all cells in the hybrid battery are determined to be normal.

[0192] In some embodiments, the reference voltage is the average voltage of the cells that have undergone compensation charging for a previous preset number of times at the start of compensation charging, wherein the cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging in the form of batteries connected in series.

[0193] The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to update the reference voltage based on the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging if the difference is less than a preset second threshold.

[0194] In some embodiments, when the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, the battery combination management unit is used to calculate the difference between the compensation charging time and the reference charging time of the battery cells in the hybrid battery; if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset third threshold, and the compensation charging time is less than the reference charging time, then the corresponding battery cell undergoing compensation charging is determined to be abnormal; if the difference is less than the preset third threshold, then all battery cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are determined to be normal.

[0195] In some embodiments, the reference duration is the average duration of the battery cells undergoing compensation charging for the previous preset number of times, wherein the battery cells undergoing compensation charging are normal battery cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging under the parallel connection of batteries.

[0196] The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to update the reference duration based on the compensation charging duration of the battery cell undergoing compensation charging if the difference is less than a preset third threshold.

[0197] In some embodiments, the discharge demand types include: parallel output discharge, multi-channel independent output discharge, series output discharge; and / or

[0198] The charging demand types include: parallel charging and series charging.

[0199] The hybrid battery system provided in this disclosure includes interconnected hybrid batteries and a motherboard. The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit, and the hybrid battery includes a battery combination management unit and at least two interconnected batteries. The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the battery combination management unit and is used to determine the charging or discharging demand type and send corresponding adjustment instructions to the battery combination management unit according to the charging or discharging demand type. The battery combination management unit is used to adjust the connection method of the batteries according to the adjustment instructions and to charge or discharge according to the connection method of the batteries. The system allows the battery cells in the hybrid battery to be connected in series or parallel according to the charging and discharging demand. Compared with existing single-cell battery power supply systems, it eliminates the need for a power chip to convert the voltage of the series batteries into the voltage of a single cell, effectively improving discharge efficiency. For existing fixed series charging, it eliminates the need to add a boost circuit to adapt the 5V power supply to the series battery charging, effectively improving charging efficiency.

[0200] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the apparatus, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0201] Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and while specific terminology has been used, it is for illustrative purposes only and should be construed as such, and is not intended to be limiting. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with particular embodiments may be used alone, or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with other embodiments, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for charging and discharging a hybrid battery, applied to a hybrid battery system including a hybrid battery and a motherboard, wherein the hybrid battery is connected to the motherboard, and the hybrid battery includes at least two interconnected batteries, the method comprising: Determine and adjust the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery according to the type of charging or discharging demand; The hybrid battery is charged or discharged according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery. The hybrid battery includes at least: a battery pack management unit, a first cell, a second cell, a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a third protection unit, wherein the first cell, the first protection unit, and the second protection unit belong to the same battery, and the second cell and the third protection unit belong to the same battery; The hybrid battery system also includes a switch for adjusting the connection method of each battery, the switch being located inside the hybrid battery or on the mainboard; The battery pack management unit is used to control the switch, the first protection unit, the second protection unit and the third protection unit to be turned on or off according to the charging and discharging requirements, so as to adjust the connection mode of each battery in the hybrid battery.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The switch is disposed inside the hybrid battery. The first end of the switch is connected to the first end of the first cell and the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the switch is connected to the first end of the second cell and the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery. The third end of the switch is connected to the fourth end of the battery pack management unit. The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively. The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third battery protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit. The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery, respectively. The motherboard includes a charge / discharge management unit, which is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

3. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The switch is mounted on the motherboard, which also includes a charge / discharge management unit. The first end of the switch is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the second end of the switch is connected to the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the third end of the switch is connected to the first end of the charge / discharge management unit. The second end of the charge / discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively. The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit. The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, Before charging the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, the method further includes: The voltage of each battery cell in each of the hybrid batteries is detected, and the maximum voltage value is determined; Each battery cell in the hybrid battery is divided into two groups, one corresponding to the cell with the maximum voltage, and the voltage difference between the two cells in each group is calculated. If the voltage difference of at least one group of cells is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, then the cell with the lower voltage in the group is pre-charged for balance, and the voltage of the cell being pre-charged for balance is detected, until the voltage difference between two cells in the group is less than the first threshold, then the pre-charging of the cells is stopped. If the voltage difference between each group of cells is less than the first threshold, the hybrid battery is charged according to the connection method of each cell in the hybrid battery.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, Also includes: During the charging process of the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery is detected; If at least one cell's voltage reaches the cutoff voltage, and at least one cell's voltage does not reach the cutoff voltage, then the cell that does not reach the cutoff voltage will be compensated and charged separately.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The battery in the hybrid battery is connected in series. The method further includes: if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, then based on the voltage of the cell that did not reach the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold, it is determined whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal. If the cells in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, then after the individual compensation charging of the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage, the method further includes: determining whether the cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The step of determining whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the voltage of the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold includes: Calculate the difference between the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage when compensation charging begins; If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is less than the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that reaches the cutoff voltage first is determined to be abnormal. If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is determined to be abnormal. If the difference is less than a preset second threshold, then it is determined that the cells of each battery in the hybrid battery are normal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The reference voltage is the average voltage of the cells that have undergone compensation charging for the previous preset number of times when the compensation charging begins. The cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging in the form of batteries connected in series. The method further includes: If the difference is less than a preset second threshold, the reference voltage is updated based on the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein, The step of determining whether a cell undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery is abnormal, based on the compensation charging time of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold, includes: Calculate the difference between the compensated charging time and the reference charging time for each battery cell in the hybrid battery; If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset third threshold, and the compensation charging time is less than the reference time, then the corresponding battery cell undergoing compensation charging is determined to be abnormal. If the difference is less than a preset third threshold, then it is determined that all cells in the hybrid battery undergoing compensation charging are normal.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The reference duration is the average duration of the battery cells undergoing compensation charging for the previous preset number of times. The battery cells undergoing compensation charging are normal battery cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging under the parallel connection mode of the batteries. The method further includes: If the difference is less than the preset third threshold, the reference duration is updated based on the compensation charging duration of the battery cell undergoing compensation charging this time.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The discharge demand types include: parallel output discharge, multi-channel independent output discharge, series output discharge; and / or The charging demand types include: parallel charging and series charging.

12. A hybrid battery system, comprising a hybrid battery and a motherboard connected to each other, the motherboard including a charge / discharge management unit, the hybrid battery including a battery combination management unit and at least two batteries connected to each other, the charge / discharge management unit being connected to the battery combination management unit for determining the type of charging or discharging demand and sending a corresponding adjustment instruction to the battery combination management unit according to the type of charging or discharging demand; The battery pack management unit is used to adjust the connection method of the battery according to the adjustment instruction, and to charge or discharge the battery according to the connection method. The hybrid battery also includes at least: The battery consists of a first battery cell, a second battery cell, a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a third protection unit. The first battery cell, the first protection unit, and the second protection unit belong to the same battery. The second battery cell and the third protection unit also belong to the same battery. The hybrid battery system also includes a switch for adjusting the connection method of each battery, the switch being located inside the hybrid battery or on the mainboard; The battery pack management unit is used to control the switch, the first protection unit, the second protection unit and the third protection unit to be turned on or off according to the adjustment command, so as to adjust the connection mode of each battery in the hybrid battery.

13. The hybrid battery system as described in claim 12, wherein, The switch is disposed inside the hybrid battery. The first end of the switch is connected to the first end of the first cell and the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the switch is connected to the first end of the second cell and the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery. The third end of the switch is connected to the fourth end of the battery pack management unit. The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively. The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third battery protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit. The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery, respectively. The charge / discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery.

14. The hybrid battery system of claim 13, wherein, The switch is mounted on the motherboard. The first end of the switch is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery, the second end of the switch is connected to the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the third end of the switch is connected to the first end of the charge and discharge management unit. The second end of the charge and discharge management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The first end of the first cell is connected to the first positive terminal of the hybrid battery and the third end of the first protection unit, the third end of the second protection unit, and the third end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the first cell is connected to the first end of the first protection unit and the first end of the second protection unit, respectively. The first end of the second cell is connected to the second end of the first protection unit, the third end of the third protection unit, the second positive terminal of the hybrid battery, and the fifth end of the battery pack management unit, respectively. The second end of the second cell is connected to the first end of the third protection unit. The first terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the first protection unit, the second terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the fourth terminal of the second protection unit, and the sixth terminal of the battery pack management unit is connected to the communication terminal of the hybrid battery. The second end of the third protection unit is connected to the second end of the second protection unit and the negative terminal of the hybrid battery.

15. The hybrid battery system according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein, The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to, before the battery combination management unit charges the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, detect the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and determine the maximum voltage; divide each battery cell in the hybrid battery into a group with the cell corresponding to the maximum voltage, and calculate the voltage difference between the two cells in each group; if the voltage difference of at least one group of cells is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, perform a balance pre-charge on the cell with the lower voltage in the group, and detect the voltage of the cell performing the balance pre-charge, until the voltage difference between the two cells in the group is less than the first threshold, and stop the balance pre-charge on the cell; if the voltage difference of each group of cells is less than the first threshold, then charge the hybrid battery according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery.

16. The hybrid battery system of claim 15, wherein, The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to, during the charging process of the battery pack management unit according to the connection method of each battery in the hybrid battery, detect the voltage of each battery cell in the hybrid battery; if the voltage of at least one cell reaches the cutoff voltage and the voltage of at least one cell does not reach the cutoff voltage, instruct the battery pack management unit to perform compensation charging on the cell that does not reach the cutoff voltage separately.

17. The hybrid battery system of claim 16, wherein, When the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in series, the battery combination management unit is further used to determine whether the cells in the hybrid battery are abnormal if at least one cell's voltage reaches the cutoff voltage and at least one cell's voltage does not reach the cutoff voltage, based on the voltage of the cell that did not reach the cutoff voltage at the start of compensation charging and a preset second threshold. When the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, the charge and discharge management unit is further configured to, after individually compensating the cells that have not reached the cutoff voltage, determine whether the cells undergoing compensation charging in the hybrid battery are abnormal based on the compensation charging time of each battery cell in the hybrid battery and a preset third threshold.

18. The hybrid battery system of claim 17, wherein, When the cells in the hybrid battery are connected in series, the battery combination management unit is used to calculate the difference between the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage and the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins; if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is less than the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that reaches the cutoff voltage first is determined to be abnormal. If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold, and the voltage of the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage when the compensation charging begins, then the cell that has not reached the cutoff voltage is determined to be abnormal. If the difference is less than a preset second threshold, then it is determined that the cells of each battery in the hybrid battery are normal.

19. The hybrid battery system of claim 18, wherein, The reference voltage is the average voltage of the cells that have undergone compensation charging for the previous preset number of times when the compensation charging begins. The cells undergoing compensation charging are normal cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging in the form of batteries connected in series. The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to update the reference voltage based on the voltage of the cell undergoing compensation charging at the start of compensation charging if the difference is less than a preset second threshold.

20. The hybrid battery system of claim 17, wherein, When the batteries in the hybrid battery are connected in parallel, the battery combination management unit is used to calculate the difference between the compensation charging time and the reference charging time of each battery cell in the hybrid battery. If the difference is greater than or equal to a preset third threshold, and the compensation charging time is less than the reference time, then the corresponding battery cell undergoing compensation charging is determined to be abnormal. If the difference is less than a preset third threshold, then it is determined that all cells in the hybrid battery undergoing compensation charging are normal.

21. The hybrid battery system of claim 20, wherein, The reference duration is the average duration of the battery cells undergoing compensation charging for the previous preset number of times. The battery cells undergoing compensation charging are normal battery cells, and the compensation charging is compensation charging under the parallel connection mode of the batteries. The charge / discharge management unit is further configured to update the reference duration based on the compensation charging duration of the battery cell undergoing compensation charging if the difference is less than a preset third threshold.

22. The hybrid battery system according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein, The discharge demand types include: parallel output discharge, multi-channel independent output discharge, series output discharge; and / or The charging demand types include: parallel charging and series charging.

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