Display device

Abstract

A display device is provided, including: a first substrate, arranged with a plurality of light emitting elements; a plurality of light control units, located on the first substrate, and corresponding to a plurality of the light emitting elements; and a plurality of banks, arranged between a plurality of the light control units, wherein each of a plurality of the banks includes black pigment and a scattering agent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to a display device, and more particularly, to a display device using a quantum dot layer. BACKGROUND

[0002] For example, a display device such as an organic light emitting display device presents an image by the principle that light is generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected from an anode and a cathode in a light emitting layer, and is equipped with pixels that emit light in any one of red, green, and blue colors, and displays a desired color by color combination thereof.

[0003] To this end, each pixel is equipped with a light emitting element that generates monochromatic light such as white or blue, and a quantum dot layer and a color filter, etc., which are used as a light control unit that converts the monochromatic light into light of a desired color among red, green, and blue light and emits light. That is, if the light emitting element of each pixel generates monochromatic light, the monochromatic light passes through the quantum dot layer and the color filter and is converted into light of one color among red, green, and blue light and emits light, and an image of a desired color is presented by color combination of pixels that emit light in an appropriate color by the above-described method. SUMMARY

[0004] A display device equipped with a bank that prevents color mixing between pixels and increases light efficiency is provided.

[0005] According to one aspect, a display device is provided, including: a first substrate on which a plurality of light emitting elements are disposed; a plurality of light control units on the first substrate and corresponding to the plurality of light emitting elements; and a plurality of banks disposed between the plurality of light control units, wherein each of the plurality of banks includes a black pigment and a scattering agent.

[0006] A second substrate opposite the first substrate can also be included, and the light control units and banks are disposed between the first and second substrates.

[0007] An upper portion of each of the plurality of banks in the first substrate direction or an upper portion of each of the plurality of banks in the second substrate direction can have a hydrophobic property.

[0008] An upper portion of each of the plurality of banks in the first substrate direction or an upper portion of each of the plurality of banks in the second substrate direction can be biased toward a fluorine-containing polymer disposed and crosslinked.

[0009] The fluorine-containing polymer can include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoropolyether (PFPE), or any combination thereof.

[0010] The surface energy of the upper portion of each of the plurality of banks in the first substrate direction or the surface energy of the upper portion of each of the plurality of banks in the second substrate direction can be 25 dyne / cm or less.

[0011] The black pigment and the scattering agent can be dispersed in each of the plurality of banks, respectively.

[0012] The content of the scattering agent can be 10 times or more than the content of the black pigment.

[0013] The content of the black pigment in each of the plurality of banks can be 0.25 wt% to 1.0 wt% based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0014] The content of the scattering agent in each of the plurality of banks can be 10 wt% or more based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0015] The black pigment can include carbon black, graphite, iron oxide, or any combination thereof.

[0016] The scattering agent can include a metal oxide, a non-metal oxide, or any combination thereof.

[0017] The scattering agent can include SiO2, BaSO4, Al2O3, ZnO, ZrO2, TiO2, or any combination thereof.

[0018] Other aspects, features, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of the application and the accompanying claims.

[0019] A display device according to an embodiment of the present application is equipped with a bank including a black pigment and a scattering agent, thereby preventing color mixing between pixels and increasing light efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figures 2A to 2F is a cross-sectional view sequentially showing a manufacturing process of the display device shown in Figure 1

[0022] Figure 3 is a pattern view of a bank of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0025] 110: first substrate 120: light emitting element ​

[0026] 130: thin film encapsulation layer 300: filling material

[0027] 210: second substrate 220R, G, B: color filter layer

[0028] 230R, G: quantum dot layer 250: black matrix DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application can be modified in various ways, and can have various embodiments, and a specific embodiment is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and is explained in detail in the specific description. The effects and features of the present application and the method of achieving them will become apparent by referring to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. However, the present application is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but can be implemented in various forms. Figure 1 The effects and features of the present application and the method of achieving them will become apparent by referring to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. However, the present application is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but can be implemented in various forms.

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same or corresponding constituent elements are given the same reference numerals when described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0031] In the following embodiments, the first, second, and the like terms are used for the purpose of distinguishing one constituent element from other constituent elements, and are not intended to be limiting in meaning.

[0032] In the following embodiments, the singular expression includes the plural expression unless it is explicitly indicated otherwise in the context.

[0033] In the following embodiments, the term "include" or "have" and the like means the presence of a characteristic or constituent element described in the specification, and does not preclude the possibility of adding one or more other characteristics or constituent elements thereto.

[0034] For convenience of explanation, the size of the constituent elements in the drawings can be exaggerated or reduced. For example, the size and thickness of each constituent element shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for convenience of explanation, and thus the present application is not necessarily limited to the illustrated content.

[0035] In the following embodiments, in the case where a certain embodiment can be implemented in different ways, a specific process sequence can be performed in an order different from that described. For example, two processes described in succession can be performed substantially simultaneously, or in an order opposite to that described.

[0036] In the following embodiments, when referring to films, regions, components, etc. being connected, not only cases where the films, regions, components, etc. are directly connected are included, but also cases where the films, regions, components, etc. are indirectly connected with other films, regions, components, etc. interposed therebetween. For example, in the present specification, when referring to films, regions, components, etc. being electrically connected, not only cases where the films, regions, components, etc. are directly electrically connected are included, but also cases where the films, regions, components, etc. are indirectly electrically connected with other films, regions, components, etc. interposed therebetween.

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application. Here, only one set of red, green, and blue three-color pixels is shown, and this can be considered as a set of three-color pixels being distributed in a large number in an actual product.

[0038] As shown in the figure, the display device of the present embodiment is configured as follows: the first substrate 110 in which the light emitting element 120 is disposed and the second substrate 210 in which the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G as a light control unit and the color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W are disposed are joined with the filler material 300 interposed therebetween.

[0039] According to another implementation example, the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G as a light control unit and the color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W can also be directly stacked on the light emitting element 120. For example, the display device can be manufactured by joining the first substrate and the second substrate after directly stacking the light control unit on the light emitting element 120 disposed in the first substrate. In this case, there are banks between the light control units.

[0040] According to yet another implementation example, the display device can also be manufactured without using the second substrate after directly stacking the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G as a light control unit and the color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W on the light emitting element 120 disposed in the first substrate.

[0041] First, the light emitting element 120 has a structure in which an intermediate layer 123 including a light emitting layer is interposed between a first electrode 122 and a second electrode 124, and generates light by recombination of holes and electrons injected from the two electrodes 122, 124 in the light emitting layer in the intermediate layer. As the light generated at this time, the red, green, and blue pixels all generate the same blue light. That is, the same blue light is generated in the light emitting element 120, and the light control unit of each pixel functions to convert this blue light into red light or green light or to maintain the blue light. The details of the light emitting element 120 will be described later.

[0042] Reference numeral 121 denotes a pixel circuit connected to the first electrode 122, and includes elements such as a thin film transistor and a capacitor. Also, reference numeral 130 denotes a thin film encapsulation layer that covers the light emitting element 120 for protection, and can be a single layer film of an organic film or an inorganic film, or a multi-layer film in which an organic film and an inorganic film are alternately stacked. The inorganic film can include silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride, and the organic film can include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyformal, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, an acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, etc.), or any combination thereof.

[0043] The light control unit can include a quantum dot layer, a color filter layer, or any combination thereof.

[0044] The quantum dot layers 230R, 230G function to convert blue light generated from the light emitting element 120 into red light or green light of a desired color, and the color filter layers 220R, 220G, 220W function to filter stray light that can be mixed in the converted color light to improve color purity. Among them, the white color filter layer 220W is provided only in the blue pixel, as compared to the red and green pixels in which both the quantum dot layers 230R, 230G and the color filter layers 220R, 220G are provided, because the light generated from the light emitting element 120 is blue light. That is, since there is no need to change the color of the light in the blue pixel and it is directly passed, only the white color filter layer 220W for filtering stray light is provided.

[0045] Reference numeral 250 denotes a black matrix arranged between the pixels as a light shielding, and reference numeral 240 can denote a bank that forms a boundary between the light control units of the pixels.

[0046] For example, the reference numeral 250 can be formed as a black matrix.

[0047] For example, the bank 240 and the black matrix 250 can be integrally formed. In this case, the integrally formed bank and black matrix can include a black pigment and a scattering agent. The black pigment can include carbon black, graphite, iron oxide, or any combination thereof. Also, the scattering agent can include a metal oxide, a non-metal oxide, or any combination thereof, for example, can include SiO2, BaSO4, Al2O3, ZnO, ZrO2, TiO2, or any combination thereof.

[0048] The bank 240 has a characteristic that a side surface facing the first substrate 110 side has hydrophobicity. This is a measure to prevent the side surface of the bank 240 from being contaminated by droplets ejected from an inkjet head when forming the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G in an inkjet printing manner during manufacturing. For this purpose, an internal fluorine-containing polymer is arranged so as to be biased toward the side surface. For example, the fluorine-containing polymer can include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoropolyether (PFPE), or any combination thereof. The surface energy of the upper portion of each of the banks in the first substrate direction can be 25 dyne / cm or less. For example, the surface energy of the upper portion of each of the banks in the first substrate direction can be 20 dyne / cm or less. In the case where the surface energy exceeds 25 dyne / cm, if the quantum dot layer is formed using an inkjet printer, droplets can adhere to the side surface of the bank 240 due to insufficient hydrophobicity.

[0049] For example, in the case where the display device includes only the first substrate, the upper portion of the bank, which indicates the upper portion in the direction opposite to the direction of gravity during manufacturing, can have hydrophobicity. The bank is formed before the first substrate on which a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged is stacked with a quantum dot layer and / or a color filter layer as a light control unit. The bank includes a black pigment (not shown) and a scattering agent, which are dispersed throughout the bank, respectively. When the quantum dot layer and / or the color filter layer are formed between the generated banks using an inkjet head, the inkjet operation is easily performed because the upper portion of the bank is hydrophobic.

[0050] Figure 3 is a mode diagram of a bank of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] The bank includes a black pigment (not shown) and a scattering agent, which are dispersed throughout the bank, respectively.

[0052] Referring to Figure 3 As described above, when ink is jetted, the upper portion of the bank has hydrophobicity in order to prevent the side surface of the bank from being contaminated by the QD composition. In this case, the surface energy can be 25 dyne / cm or less. For example, the surface energy can be 20 dyne / cm.

[0053] According to another implementation example, the upper portion of each of the banks in the second substrate direction has a hydrophobic property. This corresponds to the case where the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G and the color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W as the light control unit are directly stacked on the light emitting element 120. When the quantum dot layer is formed by ejecting the QD composition between the banks using an inkjet head, in order to prevent the side surface of the bank from being contaminated with the QD composition due to the inkjet, the upper portion of the bank (at this time, the upper portion of the bank in the second substrate direction) has a hydrophobic property at the time of inkjet, at which time the surface energy can be 25 dyne / cm or less. For example, the surface energy can be 20 dyne / cm. Similarly, the bank includes a black pigment (not shown) and a scattering agent, which are dispersed throughout the bank, respectively.

[0054] The monochromatic light generated from the light source (for example, an organic light emitting element) is converted into light of one color among red light, green light, and blue light by the quantum dot layer and the color filter, and emits light.

[0055] Furthermore, the light emitted in red, green, and blue has a problem in which the colors can mix with each other by passing through the bank. In order to prevent such color mixing, there is a prior art in which a black pigment is added to the bank, but in this case, although the color mixing is prevented, there is a problem in which the light efficiency is reduced by 22% or more.

[0056] Furthermore, there is a prior art in which a (semi-) transparent bank including a scattering agent is applied for the purpose of improving the light efficiency, but in this case, although the increase in the light efficiency is achieved by the increase in the reflectance, there is a problem in which the blue light and the quantum dot converted light pass through the bank and mix.

[0057] The display device according to an embodiment of the present application introduces a bank including both a black pigment and a scattering agent, and adjusts the respective contents, thereby being able to prevent color mixing and improve the efficiency.

[0058] Furthermore, the bank is subjected to a photolithography process after the bank composition is applied to the substrate and cured. The detailed process thereof will be described later.

[0059] The bank composition includes a curable polymer, a photoresist compound, a fluorine-containing polymer, a black pigment, a scattering agent, and the like, and a solvent, and in the case where the bank composition is cured, the solvent is entirely evaporated. Therefore, in the bank composition, the weight of the entire of the polymer, the photoresist compound, the fluorine-containing polymer, the black pigment, the scattering agent, and the like, which are solid components other than the solvent, can be considered to be substantially the same as the weight of the bank after curing. That is, the weight of the entire bank can be considered to be the same as the weight of the solid components in the bank composition.

[0060] The content of the scattering agent can be 10 times or more of the content of the black pigment.

[0061] For example, the content of the scattering agent can be 10 to 80 times the content of the black pigment.

[0062] In each of the banks, the content of the black pigment can be 0.25 to 1.0% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0063] As a result of a large number of experiments by the inventors of the present application, when the transmittance and reflectance of a bank having a width of 10 μm were measured using 450 nm blue light, it was found that when the content of the black pigment was less than 0.25% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank, the transmittance exceeded 10% and color mixing occurred, and when the content of the black pigment was more than 1.0% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank, the reflectance fell below 15%, resulting in a value for the increase in light efficiency that was far from the maximum.

[0064] The content of the scattering agent in each of the banks can be 10% by weight or more, based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0065] As a result of a large number of experiments by the inventors of the present application, it was found that the content of the scattering agent that satisfies a transmittance of 10% or less is 10% by weight or more, based on the weight of the entire bank, and the content of the scattering agent that satisfies a reflectance of 15% or more is 5% by weight or more, based on the weight of the entire bank. The content of the scattering agent that satisfies a transmittance of 10% or less and a reflectance of 15% or more is 10% by weight or more, based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0066] Preferably, the content of the scattering agent is 10 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0067] For example, the content of the black pigment can be 0.25% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank, and the content of the scattering agent can be 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0068] For example, the content of the black pigment can be 1.0% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank, and the content of the scattering agent can be 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20% by weight, based on the weight of the entire bank.

[0069] Next, a filling material 300 is interposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 210, and the filling material 300 has both a function of a gap maintaining portion that maintains a proper distance between the two substrates 110, 210 and a function of a bonding material. Therefore, if the filling material 300 is coated between the two substrates 110, 210 and bonded, the filling material 300 functions to maintain a gap between the two substrates 110, 210 properly while firmly bonding them.

[0070] The display device of the above structure can be manufactured by a process as shown in Figures 2A to 2F

[0071] First, as shown in Figure 2A A light emitting element 120 is formed on the first substrate 110, and covered with a thin film encapsulation layer 130.

[0072] Then, as shown in Figure 2B A black matrix 250 and color filter layers 220R, 220G, 220W are formed on the second substrate 210 by a photolithography process, respectively. The color filter layers 220R, 220G, 220W are formed at positions corresponding to the respective light emitting elements 120.

[0073] Next, as shown in Figure 2C A composite polymer 240-1 including a fluorine-containing polymer 240-1a (such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoropolyether (PFPE), or any combination thereof) and a non-fluorine-containing material 240-1b (such as a curable high molecule, a photoresist compound, a black pigment, a scattering agent, a solvent, or the like) is coated on the upper portions of the color filter layers 220R, 220G, 220W and the black matrix 250 and heated. That is, the composite polymer 240-1 in which the fluorine-containing polymer 240-1a of fluorine F and the non-fluorine-containing material 240-1b including a curable high molecule, a photoresist compound, a black pigment, a scattering agent, a solvent, or the like are mixed is prepared, and coated on the color filter layers 220R, 220G, 220W and the black matrix 250 and heated. The non-fluorine-containing material 240-1b can also include, for example, an acrylic high molecule, a silicon compound, a compound containing an epoxy group, or any combination thereof.

[0074] The composite polymer 240-1 is a material that eventually becomes the bank 240, and if the composite polymer 240-1 is heated, the fluorine-containing polymer 240-1a located inside thereof moves to the side surface side and is arranged biased. Therefore, the side surface to which the fluorine-containing polymer 240-1a is biased is hydrophobic. The curing temperature of the bank can be in a temperature range that does not affect the QD efficiency. For example, the curing temperature of the bank can be 80°C to 250°C.

[0075] And, as shown in Figure 2D ​The composite polymer 240-1 is patterned as shown in a manner such that the composite polymer 240-1 remains at a position between each color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W of the pixels.

[0076] Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2B, the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G is selectively formed only in the red and green pixels except for the blue pixels. Figure 2E The quantum dot layer 230R, 230G is formed in a position in which the color filter layer 220R, 220G is overlapped with each other. The quantum dot layer 230R, 230G can be formed by an inkjet process.

[0077] Further, the quantum dot or core included in the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G as a photochromic particle can include a III-VI semiconductor compound, a II-VI semiconductor compound, a III-V semiconductor compound, a I-III-VI semiconductor compound, a IV-VI semiconductor compound, a IV element or compound, or any combination thereof.

[0078] Examples of the III-VI semiconductor compound can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: binary compounds such as In2S3, GaS, GaSe, Ga2Se3, GaTe, InS, InSe, In2Se3, InTe, etc.; ternary compounds such as InGaS3, InGaSe3, AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2, etc.

[0079] Examples of the II-VI semiconductor compound can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: binary compounds such as CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, etc.; ternary compounds such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS, etc.; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe, etc.

[0080] Examples of the Group III-V semiconductor compound can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, etc.; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, etc.; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, etc. In addition, the Group III-V semiconductor compound can further include a Group II element. Examples of the Group III-V semiconductor compound further including a Group II element can include InZnP, InGaZnP, InAlZnP, etc.

[0081] Examples of the Group I-III-VI semiconductor compound can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: ternary compounds such as AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2, CuGaO2, AgGaO2, AgAlO2, etc.

[0082] Examples of the Group IV-VI semiconductor compound can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: binary compounds such as SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, etc.; ternary compounds such as SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, etc.; quaternary compounds such as SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe, etc.

[0083] The Group IV element or compound can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: single element compounds such as Si, Ge, etc.; binary compounds such as SiC, SiGe, etc.

[0084] Each element included in the multi-element compound such as the binary compound, the ternary compound, and the quaternary compound, etc. can exist in the particle in a uniform concentration or a non-uniform concentration.

[0085] Further, the quantum dot can have a single structure or a double structure of a core-shell including uniform concentration of each element of the quantum dot. For example, the core can include a different substance from the substance included in the shell.

[0086] The shell of the quantum dot can function as a protective layer for preventing chemical denaturation of the core for maintaining a semiconductor property and / or a charging layer for imparting an electrophoretic property to the quantum dot. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface of the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of the element existing in the shell is lower as it is closer to the center.

[0087] Examples of the shell of the quantum dot can include a metal or non-metal oxide, a semiconductor compound, or a combination thereof, etc. Examples of the metal or non-metal oxide can include the following compounds or any combination thereof: binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, NiO, etc.; ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, CoMn2O4, etc. Examples of the semiconductor compound can include a group III-VI semiconductor compound, a group II-VI semiconductor compound, a group III-V semiconductor compound, a group I-III-VI semiconductor compound, a group IV-VI semiconductor compound, or any combination thereof as described in the specification. For example, the semiconductor compound can include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, or any combination thereof.

[0088] The quantum dot can have a full width of half maximum (FWHM) of a light emission wavelength spectrum of about 45 nm or less, specifically about 40 nm or less, and more specifically about 30 nm or less, within which range color purity or color reproducibility can be improved. Also, light emitted by such a quantum dot is emitted in all directions, and thus optical viewing angle can be improved.

[0089] Also, specifically, the quantum dot can have a spherical shape, a pyramidal shape, a multi-arm shape, a cubic shape, a nanometer particle, a nanometer tube, a nanometer wire, a nanometer fiber, a nanometer plate-shaped particle, etc.

[0090] Since the band gap can be adjusted by regulating the size of the quantum dots, light of multiple wavelengths can be obtained from the quantum dot emitting layer. Accordingly, light-emitting elements emitting multiple wavelengths of light can be realized by using quantum dots of different sizes. Specifically, the size of the quantum dots can be selected to emit red, green, and / or blue light. Furthermore, the size of the quantum dots can be configured to combine multiple colors of light to emit white light.

[0091] After forming such quantum dot layers 230R and 230G, as Figure 2F As shown, a filler material 300 is coated between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 210, and the two substrates 110 and 210 are bonded together. This achieves the desired result. Figure 1 The display device shown is equipped with a light-emitting element 120, quantum dot layers 230R and 230G, and color filter layers 220R, 220G and 220W.

[0092] Furthermore, this embodiment illustrates a scenario where the intermediate layer 123 of the light-emitting layer, including the light-emitting element 120, spans the entire pixel region and is formed as a common layer; however, it is also possible to achieve a similar result. Figure 4 The example shown is a variant formed separately for each pixel. That is, it shows that the intermediate layer 123, including the light-emitting layer, can be formed either as a common layer or as a separate layer for each pixel.

[0093] The light-emitting layer may include organic light-emitting materials or inorganic light-emitting materials.

[0094] A more detailed description of the light-emitting element 120 is provided below.

[0095] [First Electrode 122]

[0096] exist Figure 1 A substrate may be additionally disposed on the lower part of the first electrode 122 or the upper part of the second electrode 124. A glass substrate or a plastic substrate may be used as the substrate.

[0097] The first electrode 122 can be formed, for example, by providing a first electrode material on the substrate using a deposition method or a sputtering method. When the first electrode 122 is an anode, a material with a high work function that is easy to inject holes into can be used as the first electrode material.

[0098] The first electrode 122 can be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. In order to form the first electrode 122 as a transmissive electrode, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof can be used as a first electrode material. Alternatively, in order to form the first electrode 122 as a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof can be used as a first electrode material.

[0099] The first electrode 122 can have a single layer structure consisting of a single layer or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers. For example, the first electrode 122 can have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0100] [Intermediate layer 123]

[0101] An intermediate layer 123 is disposed on the first electrode 122. The intermediate layer 123 includes an emitting layer.

[0102] The intermediate layer 123 can further include a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode 122 and the emitting layer, and an electron transport region disposed between the emitting layer and the second electrode 124.

[0103] In addition to various organic materials, the intermediate layer 123 can include a metal-containing compound such as an organic metal compound, an inorganic material such as a quantum dot, etc.

[0104] Further, the intermediate layer 123 can include i) two or more emitting units sequentially stacked between the first electrode 122 and the second electrode 124, and ii) a charge generation layer disposed between the two emitting units. In the case where the intermediate layer 123 includes the emitting units and the charge generation layer as described above, the light emitting element 120 can be a tandem light emitting element.

[0105] [Hole transport region in intermediate layer 123]

[0106] The hole transport region may have i) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer made of a single material, ii) a single-layer structure consisting of multiple single layers comprising different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers comprising different materials.

[0107] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), a light-emitting auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer (EBL), or any combination thereof.

[0108] For example, the hole transport region may have a multilayer structure consisting of a hole injection layer / hole transport layer, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emission auxiliary layer, a hole injection layer / light emission auxiliary layer, a hole transport layer / light emission auxiliary layer, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer, which are stacked sequentially from the first electrode 122.

[0109] The hole transport region may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 201, a compound represented by the following chemical formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0110] <Chemical Formula 201>

[0111]

[0112] <Chemical Formula 202>

[0113]

[0114] In the chemical formulas 201 and 202,

[0115] L 201 To L 204 They can be independently of each other and be controlled by at least one R. 10a C3-C, whether substituted or not 60 The carbocyclic group or is surrounded by at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0116] L 205 For *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*'、by at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 20 Alkylene, by at least one R 10a C2-C, whether substituted or not 20 alkenyl group, with at least one R 10a C3-C, whether substituted or not60 a carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, 60 a heterocyclic group,

[0117] xa1to xa4are each independently one of integers of 0 to 5,

[0118] xa5is one of integers of 1 to 10,

[0119] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 are each independently a carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl, 60 a carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, 60 a heterocyclic group,

[0120] R 201 and R 202 may be optionally connected to each other by a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C5 alkenylene, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C5 alkenyl, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C8-C 60 a polycyclic group (e.g., a carbazolyl group, etc.) (e.g., see the following compound HT16, etc.),

[0121] R 203 and R 204 may be optionally connected to each other by a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C5 alkenylene, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C5 alkenyl, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C8-C 60 a polycyclic group,

[0122] na1may be one of integers of 1 to 4.

[0123] For example, the Chemical Formula 201 and 202 can include at least one of a group represented by the following Chemical Formulae CY201 to CY217, respectively:

[0124]

[0125] In the Chemical Formulae CY201 to CY217, with respect to R 10b and R10c The description of R 10a The description of R 201 The description of R 204 are independently of each other C3-C 20 carbocyclic group or C1-C 20 heterocyclic group, at least one hydrogen in the chemical formula CY201 to CY217 can be substituted with R 10a substituted or unsubstituted.

[0126] The thickness of the hole transport region can be about to about For example, it can be about to about If the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be about to about For example, it can be about to about The thickness of the hole transport layer can be about to about For example, it can be about to about In the case where the thickness of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer satisfies the range as described above, a hole transport property to a satisfactory degree can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0127] The light emitting auxiliary layer is a layer that functions to compensate for an optical resonance distance according to the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting layer, thereby increasing the light emission efficiency, and the electron blocking layer is a layer that functions to prevent the injection of electrons from the electron transport region. The light emitting auxiliary layer and the electron blocking layer can include the substance as described above.

[0128] [p-dopant]

[0129] The hole transport region can include a charge generating substance in order to improve the conductivity in addition to the substance as described above. The charge generating substance can be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed (for example, a single layer form consisting of the charge generating substance) in the hole transport region.

[0130] The charge generating substance can be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0131] For example, the LUMO level of the p-dopant can be -3.5 eV or less.

[0132] According to an embodiment, the p-dopant can include a quinone derivative, a cyano-containing compound, an element EL1 and element EL2 containing compound, or any combination thereof.

[0133] Examples of the quinone derivative can include TCNQ, F4-TCNQ, and the like.

[0134] Examples of the cyano-containing compound can include HAT-CN, a compound represented by Chemical Formula 221, and the like.

[0135]

[0136] <Chemical Formula 221>

[0137] In the Chemical Formula 221,

[0138] R 221 to R 223 independently of one another, are a C3-C 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0139] at least one of R 221 to R 223 independently of one another, can be a C1-C 20 substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 60 heterocyclic group, or a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group.

[0140] In the element EL1 and element EL2 containing compound, the element EL1 can be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof, and the element EL2 can be a non-metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof.

[0141] [Light-emitting layer in intermediate layer 123]

[0142] In the case where the light-emitting element 120 is a full-color light-emitting element, the light-emitting layer can be patterned into a red light-emitting layer, a green light-emitting layer, and / or a blue light-emitting layer as independent sub-pixels. Alternatively, the light-emitting layer can have a structure in which two or more of the red light-emitting layer, the green light-emitting layer, and the blue light-emitting layer are in contact with or separated from each other and stacked, or can have a structure in which two or more of the red light-emitting substance, the green light-emitting substance, and the blue light-emitting substance are mixed without being separated into layers, thereby emitting white light.

[0143] The light-emitting layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include phosphorescent dopant, fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0144] Based on 100 parts by weight of the main body, the dopant content in the light-emitting layer can be from about 0.01 to about 15 parts by weight.

[0145] Alternatively, the light-emitting layer may include quantum dots. Refer to the above for information on quantum dots.

[0146] Furthermore, the luminescent layer may include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material can function as either a host or a dopant in the luminescent layer.

[0147] The thickness of the light-emitting layer can be approximately up to approximately For example, it can be approximately up to approximately When the thickness of the light-emitting layer meets the range described above, excellent light-emitting characteristics can be exhibited without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0148] [main body]

[0149] The main body may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 301:

[0150] <Chemical Formula 301>

[0151] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21

[0152] In the chemical formula 301,

[0153] Ar 301 and L 301 Independent of each other, for at least one R 10a C3-C, whether substituted or not 60 The carbocyclic group or is surrounded by at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0154] xb11 is 1, 2, or 3.

[0155] xb1 is an integer between 0 and 5.

[0156] R 301 It is hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, and is surrounded by at least one R. 10aC1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Alkyl, with at least one R 10a C2-C, whether substituted or not 60 alkenyl, with at least one R 10a C2-C, whether substituted or not 60 Alkyne group, with at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Alkyl group, with at least one R 10a C3-C, whether substituted or not 60 Carbocyclic group, with at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 ),

[0157] -S(=O)2(Q 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),

[0158] xb21 is one of the integers from 1 to 5.

[0159] Regarding Q 301 To Q 303 For further details, please refer to the section on Q in this manual. 11 Explanation.

[0160] For example, when xb11 is 2 or more in the chemical formula 301, two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other using a single key.

[0161] As another example, the body may include a compound represented by chemical formula 301-1, a compound represented by chemical formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0162] <Chemical Formula 301-1>

[0163]

[0164] <Chemical Formula 301-2>

[0165]

[0166] In the chemical formulas 301-1 to 301-2,

[0167] Ring A 301 to Ring A 304 independently of one another are a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, 10a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0168] X 301 is O, S, N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ], C(R 304 )(R 305 ) or Si(R 304 )(R 305 ),

[0169] xb22and xb23independently of one another are 0, 1 or 2,

[0170] The descriptions of L 301 , xb1and R 301 are respectively referred to the descriptions of the present specification,

[0171] The descriptions of L 302 to L 304 are independently of one another referred to the descriptions of the L 301 ,

[0172] The descriptions of xb2to xb4are independently of one another referred to the descriptions of the xb1,

[0173] The descriptions of R 302 to R 305 and R 311 to R 314 are respectively referred to the descriptions of the R 301 .

[0174] [Phosphorescent dopant]

[0175] The phosphorescent dopant can include at least one transition metal as a central metal.

[0176] The phosphorescent dopant can include a monodentate ligand, a bidentate ligand, a tridentate ligand, a tetradentate ligand, a pentadentate ligand, a hexadentate ligand, or any combination thereof.

[0177] The phosphorescent dopant can be electrically neutral.

[0178] For example, the phosphorescent dopant can include an organometallic compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 401:

[0179] <Chemical Formula 401>

[0180] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2

[0181] <Chemical Formula 402>

[0182]

[0183] In the Chemical Formula 401 and the Chemical Formula 402,

[0184] M is a transition metal (for example, iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), rhenium (Re), or thulium (Tm)),

[0185] L 401 is a ligand represented by the Chemical Formula 402, and xc1 is 1, 2, or 3, wherein, in the case where xc1 is 2 or more, two or more L 401 may be the same or different from each other,

[0186] L 402 is an organic ligand, and xc2 is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein, in the case where xc2 is 2 or more, two or more L 402 may be the same or different from each other,

[0187] X 401 to X 402 are each independently nitrogen or carbon,

[0188] Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 may be each independently a C3-C 60 carbocyclic group or a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0189] T 401 is a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q 411 )-, -C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-, -C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, -C(Q 411 )= or =C=,

[0190] X 403 and X 404 are each independently a chemical bond (for example, a covalent bond or a coordinate bond), O, S, N(Q413 ), B(Q) 413 ), P(Q 413 ), C(Q 413 (Q) 414 ) or Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 ),

[0191] Regarding the Q 411 To Q 414 For further details, please refer to the section on Q in this manual. 11 The explanation,

[0192] R 401 and R 402 Independently, each of the following groups is hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, or is associated with at least one R. 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 20 Alkyl, with at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 20 Alkyl group, with at least one R 10a C3-C, whether substituted or not 60 Carbocyclic group, with at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0193] Regarding the Q 401 To Q 403 For further details, please refer to the section on Q in this manual. 11 The explanation,

[0194] xc11 and xc12 are independent integers from 0 to 10.

[0195] In chemical formula 402, * and *' are the binding sites with M in chemical formula 401, respectively.

[0196] For example, in the chemical formula 402, i)X 401 It can be nitrogen, X 402 It could be carbon; or ii)X401 and X 402 may each be nitrogen.

[0197] According to another example, in the chemical formula 402, in a case where xc1 is 2 or more, two or more L 401 two rings A 401 may be optionally connected to each other by T 402 as a linking group, or two rings A 402 may be optionally connected to each other by T 403 as a linking group. The description of T 402 and T 403 is respectively referred to the description of T 401 in the present specification.

[0198] In the chemical formula 401, L 402 may be any organic ligand. For example, L 402 may include a halogen group, a diketone group (e.g., acetylacetone group), a carboxylic acid group (e.g., picolinic acid group), a -C(=O) group, an isonitrile group, a -CN group, a phosphorus group (e.g., phosphine group, phosphite group, etc.), or any combination thereof.

[0199] [Fluorescent dopant]

[0200] The fluorescent dopant can include an amino group-containing compound, a styryl group-containing compound, or any combination thereof.

[0201] For example, the fluorescent dopant can include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 501:

[0202] [Chemical Formula 501]

[0203]

[0204] In the chemical formula 501,

[0205] Ar 501 , L 501 to L 503 , R 501 , and R 502 are each independently a C3-C 10a carbocyclic group substituted with at least one R 60 or an unsubstituted C1-C 10a heterocyclic group substituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0206] xd1 to xd3 are each independently 0, 1, 2, or 3,

[0207] xd4may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0208] For example, in the chemical formula 501, Ar 501 may include condensed ring groups (for example, anthracene groups, pyrene groups, and the like) condensed with each other.

[0209] As another example, in the chemical formula 501, xd4may be 2.

[0210] [Delayed fluorescence substance]

[0211] The light-emitting layer can include a delayed fluorescence substance.

[0212] In the present specification, the delayed fluorescence substance can be selected from any compound capable of emitting delayed fluorescence by a delayed fluorescence emission principle.

[0213] The delayed fluorescence substance included in the light-emitting layer can function as a host or a dopant depending on the kind of other substances included in the light-emitting layer.

[0214] According to an implementation example, a difference between a triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence substance and a singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence substance can be 0 eV or more and 0.5 eV or less. By making the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence substance and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescence substance satisfy the range as described above, reverse energy transfer (up-conversion) of the delayed fluorescence substance from a triplet state to a singlet state can be effectively achieved, thereby effectively improving the light-emitting efficiency or the like of the light-emitting element 120.

[0215] For example, the delayed fluorescence substance can include: i) at least one electron donor (for example, a πelectron-rich C3-C 60 ring group (πelectron-rich C3-C 60 cyclic group) and the like) and at least one electron acceptor (for example, a sulfoxide group, a cyano group, a πelectron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 ring group (πelectron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group) and the like); ii) a C8-C 60 polycyclic group substance including two or more condensed ring groups condensed with each other while sharing boron (B), and the like.

[0216] [Electron transport region in intermediate layer 123]

[0217] The electron transport region can have i) a single layer structure consisting of a single layer consisting of a single substance, ii) a single layer structure consisting of a plurality of single layers including different substances, or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers containing substances different from each other.

[0218] The electron transport region can include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron regulating layer, an electron transport layer (ETL), an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0219] For example, the electron transport region can have a structure in which an electron transport layer / electron injection layer, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer, an electron regulating layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer, and the like are sequentially stacked from the light emitting layer.

[0220] The electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron regulating layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can contain a non-metal-containing (metal-free) compound including at least one π-electron deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group (πelectron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group) of the compound.

[0221] For example, the electron transport region can include a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 601.

[0222] <Chemical Formula 601>

[0223] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0224] In the Chemical Formula 601,

[0225] Ar 601 and L 601 are each independently a C3-C 10a carbon ring group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one R 60 or a C1-C 10a heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one R 60 ,

[0226] xe11 is 1, 2, or 3,

[0227] xe1 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0228] R 601 For being at least one R 10a C3-C, whether substituted or not 60 Carbocyclic group, with at least one R 10a C1-C, whether substituted or not 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0229] Regarding the Q 601 To Q 603 For further details, please refer to the section on Q in this manual. 11 The explanation,

[0230] xe21 is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0231] The Ar 601 L 601 and R 601 At least one of them can be independently of each other as a result of at least one R. 10a Nitrogen-containing C1-C atoms with substituted or unsubstituted π electrons 60 Cyclic groups.

[0232] For example, in the chemical formula 601, when xe11 is 2 or more, two or more Ar... 601 They can be connected to each other using a single key.

[0233] As another example, in the chemical formula 601, Ar 601 It can be an anthracene group that has been substituted or not.

[0234] As yet another example, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 601-1:

[0235] <Chemical Formula 601-1>

[0236]

[0237] In the chemical formula 601-1,

[0238] X 614 For N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 For N or C(R)615 ), X 616 is N or C(R 616 ), and X 614 is N or C(R 616 at least one of X

[0239] The description of L 611 to L 613 is respectively referred to the description of L 601 ,

[0240] The description of xe611 to xe613 is respectively referred to the description of xe1,

[0241] The description of R 611 to R 613 is respectively referred to the description of R 601 ,

[0242] R 614 to R 616 may be independently of each other hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, a C3-C 10a carbocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one R 60 , or a C1-C 10a heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one R 60 .

[0243] For example, in the chemical formula 601 and chemical formula 601-1, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 can be independently of each other 0, 1 or 2.

[0244] The thickness of the electron transport region can be about to about For example, it can be about to about In the case that the electron transport region comprises a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron regulating layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or the electron regulating layer can be independently of each other about to about For example, it can be about to about The thickness of the electron transport layer can be about to about For example, it can be about to about In a case where the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron regulating layer, and / or the electron transport layer satisfies the range as described above, satisfactory electron transport properties can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0245] The electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) can include a metal-containing substance in addition to the substance as described above.

[0246] The metal-containing substance can include an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex can be a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, an Rb ion, or a Cs ion, and the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can be a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, an Sr ion, or a Ba ion. The ligand coordinated to the metal ion of the alkali metal complex and the alkaline earth metal complex can independently of each other include a hydroxyquinoline, a hydroxyisoquinoline, a hydroxybenzoquinoline, a hydroxyacridine, a hydroxyphenanthridine, a hydroxyphenyl-oxazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-oxadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-pyridine, a hydroxyphenyl-benzimidazole, a hydroxyphenyl-benzothiazole, a bipyridine, a phenanthroline, a cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0247] For example, the metal-containing substance can include a Li complex. The Li complex can include, for example, the following compounds ET-D1 (LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0248]

[0249] The electron transport region can include an electron injection layer that facilitates electron injection from the second electrode 124. The electron injection layer can be in direct contact with the second electrode 124.

[0250] The electron injection layer can have i) a single layer structure consisting of a single layer consisting of a single substance, ii) a single layer structure consisting of a plurality of single layers including different substances, or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers containing substances different from each other.

[0251] The electron injection layer can include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0252] The alkali metal can include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal can include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal can include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0253] The alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, and the rare earth metal-containing compound can include an oxide, a halide (e.g., fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide, etc.), a telluride, or any combination thereof of each of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal.

[0254] The alkali metal-containing compound can include an alkali metal oxide such as Li2O, Cs2O, K2O, etc., an alkali metal halide such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, KI, etc., or any combination thereof. The alkali metal-containing compound can include an alkaline earth metal compound such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1), Ba x Ca 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1), etc. The rare earth metal-containing compound can include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or any combination thereof. Alternatively, the rare earth metal-containing compound can include a lanthanide metal telluride. Examples of the lanthanide metal telluride can include LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3, Lu2Te3, etc.

[0255] The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, and the rare earth metal complex can include i) one of the ions of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal as described above; and ii) a ligand bound to the metal ion, for example, a hydroxyquinoline, a hydroxyisoquinoline, a hydroxybenzoquinoline, a hydroxyacridine, a hydroxyphenanthridine, a hydroxyphenyl-oxazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-oxadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-thiadiazole, a hydroxyphenyl-pyridine, a hydroxyphenyl-benzimidazole, a hydroxyphenyl-benzothiazole, a bipyridine, a phenanthroline, a cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0256] The electron injection layer can be composed only of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, the rare earth metal, the alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, the rare earth metal-containing compound, the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, the rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof, as described above, or can further include an organic substance (e.g., a compound represented by Chemical Formula 601).

[0257] According to an implementation example, the electron injection layer can i) consist of an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); or ii) consist of a) an alkali metal-containing compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); and b) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. For example, the electron injection layer can be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer, a RbI:Yb co-deposited layer, or the like.

[0258] In the case where the electron injection layer further includes an organic substance, the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, the rare earth metal, the alkali metal-containing compound, the alkaline earth metal-containing compound, the rare earth metal-containing compound, the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex, the rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof can be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix including the organic substance.

[0259] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately In the case where the thickness of the electron injection layer satisfies the aforementioned range, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0260] [Second Electrode 124]

[0261] A second electrode 124 is disposed on the upper portion of the intermediate layer 123 as described above. The second electrode 124 can be a cathode as an electron injection electrode, in which case a metal, an alloy, a conductive compound, or a combination thereof having a low work function can be used as a material for the second electrode 124.

[0262] The second electrode 124 can include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 124 can be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0263] The second electrode 124 can have a single layer structure as a single layer or a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers.

[0264] [Cap layer]

[0265] A first cap layer can be disposed outside the first electrode 122 and / or a second cap layer can be disposed outside the second electrode 124. Specifically, the light emitting element 120 can have a structure in which a first cap layer, the first electrode 122, the intermediate layer 123, and the second electrode 124 are sequentially stacked, a structure in which the first electrode 122, the intermediate layer 123, the second electrode 124, and the second cap layer are sequentially stacked, or a structure in which the first cap layer, the first electrode 122, the intermediate layer 123, the second electrode 124, and the second cap layer are sequentially stacked.

[0266] Light generated from the light emitting layer in the intermediate layer 123 of the light emitting element 120 can be extracted to the outside through the first electrode 122, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode, and the first cap layer, and light generated from the light emitting layer in the intermediate layer 123 of the light emitting element 120 can be extracted to the outside through the second electrode 124, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode, and the second cap layer.

[0267] The first cap layer and the second cap layer can function to improve external light emission efficiency according to constructive interference. Therefore, light extraction efficiency of the light emitting element 120 can be improved, thereby improving light emission efficiency of the light emitting element 120.

[0268] The first cap layer and the second cap layer can each include a substance having a refractive index (at 589 nm) of 1.6 or more.

[0269] The first cap layer and the second cap layer can each independently be an organic cap layer including an organic substance, an inorganic cap layer including an inorganic substance, or a composite cap layer including an organic substance and an inorganic substance.

[0270] At least one of the first cap layer and the second cap layer can each independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amine-containing group compound, porphine derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthalocyanine derivatives, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amine-containing group compound can be optionally substituted with a substituent including O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof. According to an implementation example, at least one of the first cap layer and the second cap layer can each independently include an amine-containing group compound.

[0271] For example, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer can independently of each other include the compound represented by Chemical Formula 201, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0272] [Manufacturing method]

[0273] Each layer included in the hole transport region, the light emitting layer, and each layer included in the electron transport region can be formed in a predetermined region using various methods such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an LB (Langmuir-Blodgett) method, an inkjet printing method, a laser printing method, a laser thermal transfer method (LITI: Laser Induced Thermal Imaging), etc.

[0274] In a case where each layer included in the hole transport region, the light emitting layer, and each layer included in the electron transport region are formed by a vacuum deposition method, respectively, a deposition condition can be selected in a range of, for example, a deposition temperature of about 100°C to about 500°C, a vacuum degree of about 10 -8 torr to about 10 -3 torr, and a deposition speed of about to about , in consideration of a material to be included in a layer to be formed and a structure of the layer to be formed.

[0275] In a case where each layer included in the hole transport region, the light emitting layer, and each layer included in the electron transport region are formed by a spin coating method, respectively, a coating condition can be selected in a range of, for example, a coating speed of about 2000 rpm to about 5000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature of about 80°C to about 200°C, in consideration of a material to be included in a layer to be formed and a structure of the layer to be formed.

[0276] [Definition of terms]

[0277] In the present specification, a C3-C 60 carbon ring group includes a ring group composed of only carbon and having a carbon atom number of 3 to 60, a C1-C 60 hetero ring group represents a ring group having a carbon atom number of 1 to 60 including a hetero atom other than carbon. The C3-C 60 carbon ring group and the C1-C 60 hetero ring group can be a monocyclic ring group composed of one ring or a polycyclic ring group in which two or more rings are condensed with each other. For example, the C1-C 60 hetero ring group can have a ring-forming atom number of 3 to 61.

[0278] In the present specification, a ring group includes the C3-C 60 carbon ring group and the C1-C60 heterocyclic group.

[0279] In the present specification, a πelectron-rich C3-C 60 cyclic group (πelectron-rich C3-C 60 cyclic group) as a ring-forming moiety represents a cyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms not containing *-N=*’, and a πelectron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group (πelectron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 cyclic group) as a ring-forming moiety represents a heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms containing *-N=*’.

[0280] For example,

[0281] The C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group can be: i) a group T1; or ii) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T1are condensed with each other (for example, a cyclopentadienyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornane group, a phenyl group, a pentenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulene group, an indacene group, an acenaphthene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, a group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, a heptacene group, a tetracene group, a chrysene group, an ovalene group, an indene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, an indenophenanthrene group, or an indenoanthracene group),

[0282] C1-C 60The heterocyclic group can be: i) a group T2; ii) a condensed ring group in which two or more groups T2 are condensed with each other; or iii) a condensed ring group in which one or more groups T2 and one or more groups T1 are condensed with each other (for example, a pyrrole group, a thiophene group, a furan group, an indole group, a benzoindole group, a naphthoindole group, an isoindole group, a benzoisoindole group, a naphthoisoindole group, a benzothiophyl group, a benzofuran group, a carbazole group, a dibenzothiophyl group, a dibenzofuran group, an indolocarbazole group, an indolophthalazine group, an indolopyrimidine group, an indolotriazine group, an indolopyrazine group, an indolopyridazine group, an azacarbazole group, an azafuorene group, an azadibenzothiophyl group, an azadibenzofuran group, and the like),

[0283] The π-electron rich C3-C 60 The cyclic group can be: i) a group T1; ii) a condensed ring group in which two or more groups T1 are condensed with each other; iii) a group T3; iv) a condensed ring group in which two or more groups T3 are condensed with each other; or v) a condensed ring group in which one or more groups T3 and one or more groups T1 are condensed with each other (for example, the C3-C 60Carbocyclic groups, pyrrole groups, thiophene groups, furan groups, indole groups, benzoindole groups, naphthoindole groups, isoindole groups, benzoisoindole groups, naphthoisoindole groups, benzothiophene groups, benzofuran groups, carbazole groups, dibenzothiophene groups, dibenzofuran groups, indole-carbazole groups, indole-carbazole groups, benzofuran-carbazole groups, benzothiophene-carbazole groups, benzothiophene-carbazole groups, benzoindole-carbazole groups, benzocarbazole groups, benzonaphthofuran groups, benzonaphthophene groups, benzonaphthophene groups, benzofuran-dibenzofuran groups, benzofuran-dibenzothiophene groups, benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene groups, etc.

[0284] The nitrogen-containing C1-C with depleted π electrons 60 The cyclic group can be: i) group T4; ii) a condensed cyclic group formed by the condensation of two or more groups T4; iii) a condensed cyclic group formed by the condensation of one or more groups T4 and one or more groups T1; iv) a condensed cyclic group formed by the condensation of one or more groups T4 and one or more groups T3. ； Or (v) a condensed ring group formed by the condensation of one or more groups T4, one or more groups T1, and one or more groups T3 (e.g., pyrazole group, imidazole group, triazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, oxadiazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group, thiadiazole group, benzopyrazole group, benzimidazole group, benzoxazole group, benziisoxazole group, benzothiazole group, benzoisothiazole group, pyridine group, pyrimidine group, pyrazine group, pyridazine group, triazine group). Groups, including quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzo[a]quinoline group, benzo[a]isoquinoline group, quinoxaline group, benzo[a]quinoxaline group, quinazoline group, benzo[a]quinazoline group, phenanthrene group, cyclophosphine group, phthalazine group, naphthidine group, imidazo[a]pyridine group, imidazo[a]pyrimidine group, imidazo[a]triazine group, imidazo[a]pyrazine group, imidazo[a]pyridazine group, azacarbazole group, azafluorene group, azadibenzothiophene group, azadibenzo[a]thiophene group, azadibenzofuran group, etc.

[0285] The group T1 is a cyclopropane group, a cyclobutane group, a cyclopentane group, a cyclohexane group, a cycloheptane group, a cyclooctane group, a cyclobutene group, a cyclopentene group, a cyclopentadiene group, a cyclohexene group, a cyclohexadiene group, a cycloheptene group, an adamantane group, a norbornane (or, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane) group, a norbornene group, a bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane group, a bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane, a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane group, or a phenyl group,

[0286] The group T2 is a furan group, a thiophene group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a silole group, a borole group, a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an azapyrimidine group, an azaborole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, or a tetrazine group.

[0287] The group T3 is a furan group, a thiophene group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a silole group, or a borole group.

[0288] The group T4 can be a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an azapyrimidine group, an azaborole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, or a tetrazine group.

[0289] In this specification, To As the term "cycloalkyl group", "C3-C 60 As the term "carbocycloalkyl group", "C3-C 60 As the term "heterocycloalkyl group", "π-enriched C3-C 60 As the term "cycloalkyl group" or "π- depleted nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 As the term "cycloalkyl group" or "π- depleted nitrogen-containing C1-C While The group can be a condensed group to any cycloalkyl group, a monovalent group, or a polyvalent group (e.g., a divalent group, a trivalent group, a tetravalent group, etc.). For example, "a phenyl group" can be a benzene ring, a phenyl group, a phenylene group, etc., which can be easily understood by those skilled in the art according to the structure of the chemical formula including "a phenyl group".

[0290] For example, examples of the monovalent C3-C 60 Examples of the carbon ring group and the monovalent C1-C 60 Examples of the heterocyclic group can include, for example, C3-C 10 Examples of the cycloalkyl group, C1-C 10 Examples of the heterocycloalkyl group, C3-C 10 Examples of the cycloalkenyl group, C1-C 10 Examples of the heterocycloalkenyl group, C6-C 60 Examples of the aryl group, C1-C 60 Examples of the heteroaryl group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, divalent C3-C 60 Examples of the carbon ring group and the divalent C1-C 60 Examples of the heterocyclic group can include C3-C 10 Examples of the cycloalkylene group, C1-C 10 Examples of the heterocycloalkylene group, C3-C 10 Examples of the cycloalkenylene group, C1-C 10 Examples of the heterocycloalkenylene group, C6-C 60 Examples of the arylene group, C1-C 60 Examples of the heteroarylene group, divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0291] In the present specification, C1-C 60 Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a t-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a t-pentyl group, a neopentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-iso-pentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a t-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a t-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a t-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a t-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a t-decyl group, and the like. In the present specification, C1-C 60 Examples of the alkylene group include a divalent group having the same structure as the C1-C 60 Examples of the alkylene group include a divalent group having the same structure as the C1-C

[0292] In the present specification, C2-C 60 Examples of the alkenyl group include a monovalent hydrocarbon group having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the middle or at the end of the C2-C 60 Examples of the alkylene group include a divalent group having the same structure as the C1-C 60 Examples of the alkenylene group include a divalent group having the same structure as the C2-C 60 Examples of the alkylene group include a divalent group having the same structure as the C1-C

[0293] In the present specification, C2-C 60 Examples of the alkynyl group include a monovalent hydrocarbon group having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds in the middle or at the end of the C2-C60 Alkyl groups, either in the middle or at the end, include one or more monovalent hydrocarbon groups with a carbon-carbon triple bond; specific examples include ethynyl and propynyl groups. In this specification, C2-C... 60 The alkynyl group indicates that it is related to the C2-C 60 The alkynyl group is a divalent group with the same structure.

[0294] In this specification, C1-C 60 Alkyl groups indicate the presence of -OA 101 (Here, A) 101 For the C1-C 60 Alkyl groups are monovalent groups in the chemical formula of alkyl groups, and specific examples include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy groups.

[0295] In this instruction manual, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Specific examples include propyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantanyl, norbornanyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, etc. In this specification, C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene indicates that it is related to the C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups have the same divalent structure.

[0296] In this specification, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups refer to monovalent cyclic groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in addition to carbon atoms, as at least one heteroatom serving as a cyclic atom. Specific examples include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. In this specification, C1-C... 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups represent those with C1-C... 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups have divalent groups with the same structure.

[0297] In this instruction manual, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are monovalent cyclic groups with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, representing groups having at least one carbon-carbon double bond within the ring but lacking aromaticity. Specific examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. In this specification, C3-C... 10 Cycloalkylene groups represent the C3-C group.10 Cycloalkenyl groups are divalent groups having the same structure as the monovalent cycloalkenyl groups.

[0298] In the present specification, C1-C 10 Heteroarylene groups are divalent groups having the same structure as the monovalent heteroaryl groups. 10 Specific examples of heteroarylene groups include pyridinylene, pyrimidinylene, pyrazinylene, pyridazinylene, triazinylene, quinolinylene, benzoquinolinylene, isoquinolinylene, benzoisoquinolinylene, quinoxalinylene, benzoquinoxalinylene, quinazolinylene, benzoquinazolinylene, cinnolinylene, phenanthrolinylene, phthalazinylene, naphthyridinylene, and the like. In the present specification, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups are divalent groups having the same structure as the monovalent heterocycloalkenyl groups. 10 Heteroarylene groups are divalent groups having the same structure as the monovalent heteroaryl groups.

[0299] In the present specification, C6-C 60 Aryl groups are monovalent groups having a carbocyclic aromatic ring system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, C6-C 60 Aryl groups are monovalent groups having a carbocyclic aromatic ring system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, C6-C 60 Specific examples of aryl groups include phenyl, pentalenyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, indacenyl, acenaphthyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, picenyl, hexacenyl, tetracenyl, pyralinyl, coronenyl, ovalenyl, and the like. In the present specification, C6-C Aryl groups are monovalent groups having a carbocyclic aromatic ring system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, C6-C 60 Aryl groups are monovalent groups having a carbocyclic aromatic ring system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, C6-C 60 In the case where arylene groups include two or more rings, the two or more rings can be condensed with each other.

[0300] In the present specification, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups are monovalent groups having a heterocyclic aromatic ring system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups are monovalent groups having a heterocyclic aromatic ring system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, C1-C 60 Specific examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, benzoquinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoisoquinolyl, quinoxalyl, benzoquinoxalyl, quinazolyl, benzoquinazolyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, and the like. In the present specification, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups are monovalent groups having a heterocyclic aromatic ring system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, C1-C 60 In the case where heteroarylene groups include two or more rings, the two or more rings can be condensed with each other.

[0301] In the present specification, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group represents a monovalent group (having, for example, 8 to 60 carbon atoms) in which two or more rings are condensed to each other, and which includes only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms and has non-aromaticity as a whole molecule. Specific examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group include an indenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spirobifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, an indenophenanthrenyl group, an indenoanthracenyl group, and the like. In the present specification, a divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group represents a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

[0302] In the present specification, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group represents a monovalent group (having, for example, 1 to 60 carbon atoms) in which two or more rings are condensed to each other, and which includes at least one hetero atom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms, and has non-aromaticity as a whole molecule. Specific examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group include a pyrrolyl group, a thienyl group, a furanyl group, an indolyl group, a benzoindolyl group, a naphthoindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzoisoindolyl group, a naphthoisoindolyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzothienyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzothiophyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azafuorenyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzothiophyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, a pyrazolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, a benzopyrazolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, a benzoxadiazolyl group, a benzothiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridyl group, an imidazopyrimidyl group, an imidazotriazinyl group, an imidazopyrazinyl group, an imidazopyridazinyl group, an indenocarbazolyl group, an indolocarbazolyl group, a benzofuranocarbazolyl group, a benzothienocarbazolyl group, a benzothianocarbazolyl group, a benzoindeocarbazolyl group, a benzo carbazolyl group, a benzonaphthofuranyl group, a benzonaphthothienyl group, a benzonaphthothianolyl group, a benzofuranodibenzofuranyl group, a benzofuranodibenzothienyl group, a benzothienodibenzothienyl group, and the like. In the present specification, a divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group represents a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0303] In the present specification, a C6-C 60 Aryloxy represents -OA 102 (wherein, A 102 is the C6-C 60 aryl group), the C6-C 60 Arylthio represents -SA 103 (wherein, A103 For the C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0304] In this instruction manual, “R” 10a "Can be:

[0305] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro;

[0306] The radicals -deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, and C3-C are used. 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 Or any combination of the above groups substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0307] The radicals -deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21(Q) 22 Or any combination of the above groups substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 aryloxy or C6-C 60 aryl thiols; or

[0308] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ), or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ).

[0309] In this specification, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 And Q 31 To Q 33 They can be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C, or C2-C2. 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy groups; or those represented by deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups and any combination thereof, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups.

[0310] In this specification, heteroatoms refer to any atom other than carbon. Examples of heteroatoms include O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, or any combination thereof.

[0311] In this specification, "Ph" represents phenyl, "Me" represents methyl, "Et" represents ethyl, "tert-Bu" or "Bu" represents ethyl, and "tert-Bu" represents methyl. t "" indicates tert-butyl, and "OMe" indicates methoxy.

[0312] In this specification, "biphenyl" means "phenyl substituted with a phenyl group". The "biphenyl" refers to a substituent group with a substituent of C6-C6. 60 "Aryl" is "substituted phenyl".

[0313] In this specification, "terphenyl" means "phenyl group substituted with biphenyl". The "terphenyl" refers to a group whose substituent is "C6-C". 60 Aryl-substituted C6-C 60 "Aryl" is "substituted phenyl".

[0314] In this specification, unless otherwise defined, * and *' represent bonding sites with adjacent atoms in the corresponding chemical formula.

[0315] Hereinafter, the manufacturing and evaluation results of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0316] Manufacture of the embankment composition

[0317] Composition 1

[0318] A dike composition was prepared by mixing 1g of photoinitiator, 93.5g of alkali-soluble resin (Epoxyacrylate), 5g of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and 0.5g of carbon black in 200ml of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA) solvent.

[0319] Composition 2

[0320] A dike composition was prepared by mixing 1g of photoinitiator, 83.5g of alkali-soluble resin (Epoxyacrylate), 5g of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 0.5g of carbon black, and 10g of TiO2 in 200ml of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA) solvent.

[0321] Comparative Example 1

[0322] like Figure 1 As shown, firstly, on the first substrate 110 as Figure 2A The light-emitting element 120 is formed as shown and covered by a thin-film encapsulation layer 130. The light-emitting layer contained in the intermediate layer of the light-emitting element forms a blue light-emitting layer as a common layer.

[0323] Next, as Figure 2B As shown, a black matrix 250 and color filter layers 220R, 220G, and 220W are formed on the second substrate 210 at positions corresponding to each light-emitting element 120 by photolithography.

[0324] Next, as Figure 2C The dam composition 1 was coated onto filter layers 220R, 220G, 220W and black matrix 250 as shown, and cured by heating at 180°C for 10 minutes, then as follows Figure 2DThe bank was patterned as shown in a manner so as to leave the position of the color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W between each pixel (bank width: 10 μm).

[0325] After that, as shown in Figure 2E The quantum dot layer 230R, 230G was formed only selectively in the red and green pixels other than the blue pixel by an inkjet process.

[0326] Next, as shown in Figure 2F The display device equipped with the light emitting element 120, the quantum dot layer 230R, 230G, and the color filter layer 220R, 220G, 220W was completed by coating the filling material 300 between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 210 and joining the two substrates 110, 210.

[0327] Example 1

[0328] The display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the bank composition 2 was used instead of the bank composition 1 at the time of forming the bank.

[0329] The light efficiency and the like of the display devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 were measured and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0330]

Table 1

[0331]

[0332] As is apparent from Table 1, in the display device of Example 1, the light efficiency of the red light and the green light was improved by 13% and 15%, respectively, compared to the light efficiency of the red light and the green light of the display device of Comparative Example 1.

[0333] Although the above-described examples were explained by reference to the above, they are merely exemplary, and it is understood by those having ordinary knowledge in the art that various modifications and variations of the examples can be realized accordingly. Therefore, the true technical scope of the present application should be determined based on the technical idea of the appended claims.

Claims

1.A display device, comprising: a first substrate on which a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged; a plurality of light control units on the first substrate and corresponding to the plurality of light emitting elements; and a plurality of banks arranged between the plurality of light control units, wherein each of the plurality of banks includes a black pigment and a scattering agent, the black pigment and the scattering agent are dispersed in each of the plurality of banks, respectively, and a content of the scattering agent is more than 10 times a content of the black pigment. 2.The display device of claim 1, wherein a content of the scattering agent is 10 times to 80 times a content of the black pigment. 3.The display device of claim 1, wherein a content of the scattering agent in each of the plurality of banks is more than 10 wt% based on a weight of the entire bank. 4.The display device of claim 1, wherein a content of the black pigment in each of the plurality of banks is 0.25 wt% to 1.0 wt% based on a weight of the entire bank. 5.The display device of claim 3, wherein a content of the scattering agent in each of the plurality of banks is 10 wt% to 20 wt% based on a weight of the entire bank. 6.The display device of claim 1, wherein the black pigment includes carbon black, graphite, iron oxide, or any combination thereof. 7.The display device of claim 1, wherein the scattering agent includes a metal oxide, a non-metal oxide, or any combination thereof. 8.The display device of claim 1, wherein the scattering agent includes SiO2, BaSO4, Al2O3, ZnO, ZrO2, TiO2, or any combination thereof. 9.The display device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of light emitting elements generates blue light. 10.The display device of claim 1, wherein the light control unit includes a quantum dot layer, a color filter layer, or any combination thereof. ​

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