Earphone and directional sound output method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an earphone and a method for directional sound output thereof. The earphone comprises a housing and an acoustic driving unit disposed within the housing. A front cavity is formed between the front end of the acoustic driving unit and the housing. The front end of the housing is provided with at least one front sound hole connected to the front cavity and corresponding to the ear canal. A rear cavity is formed between the rear end of the acoustic driving unit and the housing. The rear cavity and the front cavity are isolated from each other and connected to the inner cavity of the acoustic driving unit. First and second rear sound holes are provided on the periphery of the housing to connect to the rear cavity. The first rear sound hole, the front sound hole, and the ear canal are aligned in a straight line. The second rear sound hole, the front sound hole, and the ear canal are aligned in a straight line. The front cavity serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit and the volume of the rear cavity. The present invention can prevent sound leakage and achieve one-way concentrated transmission of sound. It can also open both ears to listen to external sounds simultaneously. It is safer to use and does not require strict wearing accuracy of the user.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to earphone technology and acoustic fields, and in particular to an earphone and a method for directional sound generation thereof. Background technology:

[0002] With the development and advancement of information technology, a wide variety of technological products are increasingly becoming part of people's daily lives. Furthermore, these products are gradually influencing and changing people's lives. Headphones, as an audio output device, are widely used in people's lives. They have become essential for various audio playback devices (such as tablets, computers, mobile phones, and other electronic devices). Currently, headphones mainly come in two types: in-ear headphones and non-in-ear headphones.

[0003] Earhook headphones are a common non-in-ear headphone style. Unlike in-ear headphones, they are worn in a different way than in-ear headphones, so they are not affected by the size of the human ear canal. However, since earhook headphones have a single sound outlet directly on the housing, which aligns with the ear canal, the sound produced by the earhook headphones is transmitted into the ear canal. This style of earhook headphones has strict wearing requirements: the sound outlet must be aligned with the ear canal. Otherwise, sound transmission will be affected, sound quality cannot be guaranteed, and there is also the problem of sound leakage.

[0004] In view of this, the inventors propose the following technical solutions. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an earphone and a method for directional sound output thereof.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following first technical solution: the earphone includes a shell and an acoustic driving unit arranged in the shell, a front cavity is formed between the front end of the acoustic driving unit and the shell, and the front end of the shell is provided with at least one front sound hole connected to the front cavity and corresponding to the ear canal, a rear cavity is formed between the rear end of the acoustic driving unit and the shell, the rear cavity is isolated from the front cavity, and the rear cavity is connected to the inner cavity of the acoustic driving unit; the outer periphery of the shell is provided with a first rear sound hole and a second rear sound hole connected to the rear cavity, the first rear sound hole, the front sound hole, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole, the front sound hole, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; the front cavity serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit and the volume of the rear cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of the front sound hole is one, and the size of the front sound hole is less than or equal to the diameter of the ear canal.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of the front sound holes is two, namely the first front sound hole and the second front sound hole, wherein the first rear sound hole, the first front sound hole, and the ear canal are on the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole, the second front sound hole, and the ear canal are on the same straight line.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sum of the distance between the first front sound hole and the second front sound hole plus the size of the first front sound hole and the size of the second front sound hole is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the ear canal.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the straight line formed by the first rear sound hole, the first front sound hole and the ear canal is parallel to the straight line formed by the second rear sound hole, the second front sound hole and the ear canal.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the acoustic driving unit is a speaker, and its inner cavity refers to the space between the speaker's bracket and the diaphragm, and the bracket has a through hole, and the inner cavity of the acoustic driving unit is connected to the rear cavity through the through hole.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the shell includes a front shell and a rear shell fixed together, a front slot body is provided in the front shell, and a rear slot body is provided in the rear shell, the rear end of the acoustic drive unit is fixed in the rear slot body, and the rear cavity is formed between the acoustic drive unit and the rear slot body, the front end of the acoustic drive unit is docked with the front slot body, and the front cavity is formed between the two.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a first stepped groove is provided at the port of the front groove body, and the front periphery of the acoustic drive unit is embedded in the first stepped groove to form a sealed contact.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the front sound hole is any one of a waist-shaped hole, an elliptical hole, a circular hole, and a rectangular hole.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the first rear sound hole and the second rear sound hole are any one of waist-shaped holes, elliptical holes, circular holes, and rectangular holes.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the distance between the diaphragm and the front sound hole in the acoustic drive unit is equal to the distance between the diaphragm and the first rear sound hole and the second rear sound hole in the acoustic drive unit.

[0017] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following second technical solution: the method for directional sound emission of the earphone is as follows: a front cavity and a rear cavity isolated from each other are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of an acoustic driving unit; at least one front sound hole corresponding to the ear canal is provided on the outside of the front cavity, and a first rear sound hole and a second rear sound hole are also provided on the outside of the rear cavity; the first rear sound hole, the front sound hole and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole, the front sound hole and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit is working, the sound leaked from the front cavity output from the front sound hole forms a front sound source, and the sound from the first rear sound hole forms a front sound source. The first rear cavity leakage sound output from the hole forms a first rear sound source, and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole forms a second rear sound source. The front sound source and the first rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles, and the front sound source and the second rear sound source form a second pair of acoustic dipoles. The acoustic dipoles have a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset. The sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular midline to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the front sound hole to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally transmitted to the ear canal.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a positive acoustic dipole is formed at the front sound hole, and a first negative acoustic dipole is formed at the first rear sound hole, and the positive acoustic dipole and the first negative acoustic dipole constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second negative acoustic dipole is formed at the second rear sound hole, and the positive acoustic dipole and the second negative acoustic dipole constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the front cavity, the acoustic drive unit and the rear cavity are confined in the shell; the front cavity serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic drive unit and the volume of the rear cavity.

[0020] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following third technical solution: the method of directional sound emission of earphones is: a front cavity and a rear cavity isolated from each other are respectively set at the front and rear ends of an acoustic driving unit; a first front sound hole and a second front sound hole corresponding to the ear canal are set on the outside of the front cavity, and a first rear sound hole and a second rear sound hole are also set on the outside of the rear cavity; wherein the first rear sound hole, the first front sound hole and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole, the second front sound hole and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit is working, the first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole and the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole form two corresponding first front sound holes. The first front sound source and the first rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles; the second front cavity leakage sound output from the second front sound hole and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole form two corresponding second front sound sources and second rear sound sources, and the second front sound source and the second rear sound source, the two sound sources form a second pair of acoustic dipoles; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the median perpendicular line connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the median perpendicular line to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the first front sound hole and the second front sound hole to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally transmitted to the ear canal.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sound amplitudes emitted by the first front sound source and the first rear sound source are the same, and the phases are opposite; the sound amplitudes emitted by the second front sound source and the second rear sound source are the same, and the phases are opposite; the straight line formed by the first rear sound hole, the first front sound hole, and the ear canal is parallel to the straight line formed by the second rear sound hole, the second front sound hole, and the ear canal; the front cavity, the acoustic drive unit, and the rear cavity are confined in the shell.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the front cavity serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic drive unit and the volume of the rear cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a first positive acoustic dipole is formed at the first front sound hole, and correspondingly, a first negative acoustic dipole is formed at the first rear sound hole, and the first positive acoustic dipole and the first negative acoustic dipole constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second positive acoustic dipole is formed at the second front sound hole, and correspondingly, a second negative acoustic dipole is formed at the second rear sound hole, and the second positive acoustic dipole and the second negative acoustic dipole constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles.

[0024] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. The present invention forms an additional rear cavity between the rear end of the acoustic driving unit and the shell, and the rear cavity is completely isolated from the front cavity, and the front cavity serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the internal cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit and the volume of the rear cavity. At the same time, a first and a second front sound hole connected to the front cavity and corresponding to the ear canal are provided at the front end of the shell, and a first and a second rear sound hole connected to the rear cavity are provided on the periphery of the shell, the first rear sound hole, the first front sound hole, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole, the second front sound hole, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit is working, the first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole and the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole form two corresponding first front sound sources and first rear sound sources, and the first front sound source and the first rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles; the second front cavity leakage sound output from the second front sound hole and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole form two The corresponding second front sound source and the second rear sound source, and the second front sound source and the second rear sound source, the two sound sources form a second pair of acoustic dipoles; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directional pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline of the line connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular midline to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the first front sound hole and the second front sound hole to form two paths of sound that are transmitted unidirectionally to the ear canal, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage, and can realize unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure sound quality; and while the sound is transmitted unidirectionally, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving safer protection; in addition, the present invention only uses one acoustic drive unit, the structure is simpler, and the cost is lower.

[0026] 2. The directional sound output method of the earphones of the present invention adopts a dual sound source input, a single acoustic drive unit, and a dual sound source output mode. Through the phase cancellation of two pairs of acoustic dipoles and the principle of sound pressure enhancement in the direction of the median perpendicular, the purpose of one-way concentrated transmission of two-way sound is achieved, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage and achieving one-way concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound transmitted from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal, ensuring the sound quality; and while the sound is transmitted in a one-way concentrated manner, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving a safer protection.

[0027] 3. The present invention forms an additional rear cavity between the rear end of the acoustic driving unit and the shell, and the rear cavity is completely isolated from the front cavity, and the front cavity serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit and the volume of the rear cavity. At the same time, a front sound hole connected to the front cavity and corresponding to the ear canal is provided at the front end of the shell, and a first and a second rear sound hole connected to the rear cavity are provided on the periphery of the shell, the first rear sound hole, the front sound hole and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole, the front sound hole and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit is working, the front cavity leakage sound output from the front sound hole forms a front sound source, the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole forms a first rear sound source, and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole forms a second rear sound source. The front sound source and the first rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles corresponding to each other, and the front sound source and the second rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles corresponding to each other. The two rear sound sources correspond to form a second pair of acoustic dipoles, which share a front sound source; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directional pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular median of the line connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular median to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the front sound hole to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally transmitted to the ear canal, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage, and can realize unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure sound quality; and while the sound is unidirectionally transmitted, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving safer protection; in addition, the present invention only uses one acoustic drive unit, the structure is simpler, and the cost is lower.

[0028] 4. The directional sound output method of the earphones of the present invention adopts a dual sound source input, a single acoustic drive unit, and a single sound source output. Through the phase cancellation of two pairs of acoustic dipoles and the principle of sound pressure enhancement in the direction of the median perpendicular, the purpose of one-way concentrated transmission of two-way sound is achieved, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage and achieving one-way concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound transmitted from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal, ensuring the sound quality; and while the sound is transmitted in a one-way concentrated manner, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving a safer protection. Description of the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 is a stereoscopic diagram of the earphone in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the earphone in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the earphone in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is an assembly diagram of the acoustic drive unit and the front housing of the earphone in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of the front shell of the earphone in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is a stereoscopic diagram of the earphone in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for directional sound output by headphones in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the method for directional sound output of headphones in the second embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation method:

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] See Figure 1-5As shown, a headset comprises a shell 1 and an acoustic drive unit 2 arranged in the shell 1, a front cavity 3 is formed between the front end of the acoustic drive unit 2 and the shell 1, and the front end of the shell 1 is provided with at least one front sound hole connected to the front cavity 3 and corresponding to the ear canal 4. In this embodiment, the number of the front sound holes is two, namely a first front sound hole 301 and a second front sound hole 302. A rear cavity 5 is formed between the rear end of the acoustic drive unit 2 and the shell 1, and the rear cavity 5 is isolated from the front cavity 3 and connected to the inner cavity of the acoustic drive unit 2; the outer periphery of the shell 1 is provided with a first rear sound hole 501 and a second rear sound hole 502 connected to the rear cavity 5, the first rear sound hole 501, the first front sound hole 301, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole 502, the second front sound hole 302, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; the front cavity 3 serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic drive unit 2 and the volume of the rear cavity 5. The present invention forms an additional rear cavity 5 between the rear end of the acoustic driving unit 2 and the shell 1, and the rear cavity 5 is completely isolated from the front cavity 3, and the front cavity 3 serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit 2 and the volume of the rear cavity 5. At the same time, a first front sound hole 301 and a second front sound hole 302 are provided at the front end of the shell 1, which are connected to the front cavity 3 and correspond to the ear canal 4, and a first rear sound hole 501 and a second rear sound hole 502 are provided on the periphery of the shell 1, which are connected to the rear cavity 5. The first rear sound hole 501, the first front sound hole 301, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole 502, the second front sound hole 302, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit 2 is working, the first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole 301 and the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole 501 form two corresponding first front sound sources and first rear sound sources, and the first front sound source and the first rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles; The second front cavity leakage sound output from the front sound hole 302 and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole 502 form two corresponding second front sound sources and second rear sound sources, and the second front sound source and the second rear sound source, the two sound sources, form a second pair of acoustic dipoles; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the perpendicular midline direction to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally transmitted to the ear canal, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage and achieving unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user to wear the earphones accurately. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound transmitted from the earphones can be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure sound quality; and while the sound is unidirectionally concentrated, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving a safer protection. In addition, the present invention only uses one acoustic drive unit, which is simpler in structure and lower in cost.

[0040] The straight line formed by the first rear sound hole 501, the first front sound hole 301, and the ear canal is parallel to the straight line formed by the second rear sound hole 502, the second front sound hole 302, and the ear canal to form two parallel sound propagation paths, so that the sound emitted by the present invention has a wide coverage and can be smoothly transmitted to the ear canal. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound emitted by the earphone can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure the sound quality.

[0041] The acoustic driving unit 2 is a speaker, and its inner cavity refers to the space between the speaker's bracket 21 and the diaphragm 22. The bracket 21 has a through hole 211, and the inner cavity of the acoustic driving unit 2 is connected to the rear cavity 5 through the through hole 211.

[0042] The distance between the diaphragm 22 in the acoustic drive unit 2 and the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 is equal to or close to the distance between the diaphragm 22 in the acoustic drive unit 2 and the first rear sound hole 501 and the second rear sound hole 502, which is conducive to ensuring that the sound amplitudes emitted by the first front sound source and the first rear sound source are the same and the phases are opposite; the sound amplitudes emitted by the second front sound source and the second rear sound source are the same and the phases are opposite, which ultimately facilitates the realization of unidirectional transmission of sound.

[0043] The shell 1 includes a front shell 11 and a rear shell 12 fixed together. A front slot 111 is provided in the front shell 11, and a rear slot 121 is provided in the rear shell 12. The rear end of the acoustic drive unit 2 is fixed in the rear slot 121, and the rear cavity 5 is formed between the acoustic drive unit 2 and the rear slot 121. The front end of the acoustic drive unit 2 is docked with the front slot 111, and the front cavity 3 is formed between the two.

[0044] A first stepped groove 112 is provided at the end of the front groove body 111, and the front periphery of the acoustic drive unit 2 is embedded in the first stepped groove 112 to form a sealed contact, thereby ensuring that the front cavity 3 and the rear cavity 5 are completely isolated and the stability of the product structure can be guaranteed.

[0045] The distance between the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 plus the sum of the size of the first front sound hole 301 and the size of the second front sound hole 302 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the ear canal 4, thereby ensuring that the sound can be smoothly transmitted to the ear canal. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal, ensuring the sound quality.

[0046] The first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 are both in any one of rectangular, elliptical, circular, and waist-shaped holes; as a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 are both waist-shaped holes.

[0047] The first rear sound hole 501 and the second rear sound hole 502 are both in any one of rectangular, elliptical, circular, and waist-shaped holes. As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the first rear sound hole 501 and the second rear sound hole 502 are both waist-shaped holes.

[0048] In summary, the present invention forms an additional rear cavity 5 between the rear end of the acoustic driving unit 2 and the shell 1, and the rear cavity 5 is completely isolated from the front cavity 3, and the front cavity 3 serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit 2 and the volume of the rear cavity 5. At the same time, a first front sound hole 301 and a second front sound hole 302 are provided at the front end of the shell 1, which are connected to the front cavity 3 and correspond to the ear canal 4, and a first rear sound hole 502 is provided on the periphery of the shell 1 to connect to the rear cavity 5. 01 and the second rear sound hole 502, the first rear sound hole 501, the first front sound hole 301, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole 502, the second front sound hole 302, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driver unit 2 is working, the first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole 301 and the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole 501 form two corresponding first front sound sources and first rear sound sources, and the first front sound source and the first rear sound source form a first pair of acoustic dipoles; The second front cavity leakage sound output from the second front sound hole 302 and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole 502 form two corresponding second front sound sources and second rear sound sources, and the second front sound source and the second rear sound source, the two sound sources, form a second pair of acoustic dipoles; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline of the line connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular midline to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 to form two paths of sound that are transmitted unidirectionally to the ear canal, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage, and can realize unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure sound quality; and while the sound is transmitted unidirectionally, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving safer protection.

[0049] Combine Figure 7As shown, the present invention also proposes a method for directional sound emission of earphones, and the method for directional sound emission of earphones is as follows: a front cavity 3 and a rear cavity 5 isolated from each other are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of an acoustic driving unit 2; a first front sound hole 301 and a second front sound hole 302 corresponding to the ear canal are provided on the outside of the front cavity 3, and a first rear sound hole 501 and a second rear sound hole 502 are further provided on the outside of the rear cavity 5; wherein the first rear sound hole 501, the first front sound hole 301, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole 502, the second front sound hole 302, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit 2 is working, the first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole 301 and the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole 501 form two corresponding first front sound sources 101 and the first rear sound source 102, and the first front sound source 101 and the first rear sound source 102 form a first pair of acoustic dipoles; the second front cavity leakage sound output from the second front sound hole 302 and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole 502 form two corresponding second front sound sources 103 and second rear sound sources 104, and the second front sound source 103 and the second rear sound source 104, the two sound sources form a second pair of acoustic dipoles; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the median perpendicular to the line connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the median perpendicular to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 to form two paths of sound that are transmitted unidirectionally to the ear canal. The earphones of the present invention achieve directional sound output by adopting a dual sound source input, a single acoustic drive unit, and a dual sound source output mode. By using the principle of phase cancellation of two pairs of acoustic dipoles and enhanced sound pressure in the direction of the median perpendicular line, the purpose of unidirectional concentrated transmission of two-way sound is achieved, thereby preventing sound leakage and achieving unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound transmitted from the earphones can be transmitted to the ear canal, thereby ensuring the sound quality. Moreover, while the sound is being transmitted in a unidirectional concentrated manner, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, thereby achieving a safer protection.

[0050] A first positive acoustic dipole 303 is formed at the first front sound hole 301, and correspondingly, a first negative acoustic dipole 503 is formed at the first rear sound hole 501. The first positive acoustic dipole 303 and the first negative acoustic dipole 503 constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second positive acoustic dipole 304 is formed at the second front sound hole 302, and correspondingly, a second negative acoustic dipole 404 is formed at the second rear sound hole 502. The second positive acoustic dipole 304 and the second negative acoustic dipole 404 constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles.

[0051] The first front sound source 101 and the first rear sound source 102 emit sounds of the same amplitude and opposite phases; the first front sound source 101 and the first rear sound source 102 emit sounds of the same amplitude and opposite phases; this ultimately facilitates one-way transmission of sound.

[0052] The straight line formed by the first rear sound hole 501, the first front sound hole 301, and the ear canal is parallel to the straight line formed by the second rear sound hole 502, the second front sound hole 302, and the ear canal; the front cavity 3, the acoustic drive unit 2 and the rear cavity 5 are confined in the shell 1; the front cavity 3 serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic drive unit 2 and the volume of the rear cavity 5.

[0053] The acoustic driving unit 2 is a speaker, and its inner cavity refers to the space between the speaker's bracket 21 and the diaphragm 22. The bracket 21 has a through hole 211, and the inner cavity of the acoustic driving unit 2 is connected to the rear cavity 5 through the through hole 211.

[0054] The distance between the diaphragm 22 in the acoustic drive unit 2 and the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 is equal to or close to the distance between the diaphragm 22 in the acoustic drive unit 2 and the first rear sound hole 501 and the second rear sound hole 502, which is conducive to ensuring that the sound amplitudes emitted by the first front sound source and the first rear sound source are the same and the phases are opposite; the sound amplitudes emitted by the second front sound source and the second rear sound source are the same and the phases are opposite, which ultimately facilitates the realization of unidirectional transmission of sound.

[0055] The distance between the first front sound hole 301 and the second front sound hole 302 plus the sum of the size of the first front sound hole 301 and the size of the second front sound hole 302 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the ear canal 4, thereby ensuring that the sound can be smoothly transmitted to the ear canal. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal, ensuring the sound quality.

[0056] To sum up, the method of directional sound output of the earphones of the present invention adopts the method of dual sound source input, single acoustic driving unit, and dual sound source output. Through the phase cancellation of two pairs of acoustic dipoles and the principle of sound pressure enhancement in the direction of the median vertical line, the purpose of one-way concentrated transmission of two-way sound is achieved, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage, and being able to achieve one-way concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound transmitted from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure the sound quality; and while the sound is transmitted in a one-way concentrated manner, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving safer protection.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] Combine Figure 7As shown, the difference between this embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that the number of front sound holes in this embodiment 2 is one, wherein the front sound hole 30 is connected to the front cavity 3 and corresponds to the ear canal 4, wherein the size of the front sound hole 30 is less than or equal to the diameter of the ear canal 4, and the size of the front sound hole 30 is greater than the sum of the size of the second rear sound hole 502 and the size of the second front sound hole 302, so that the first rear sound hole 501, the front sound hole 30, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole 502, the front sound hole 30, and the ear canal are in the same straight line. In addition to the above, the other structures of this embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be repeated again.

[0059] When the earphone of the present invention is in use, the acoustic driving unit 2 works, the front cavity leakage sound output from the front sound hole 30 forms the front sound source 100, the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole 501 forms the first rear sound source 102, and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole 502 forms the second rear sound source 104. The front sound source 100 and the first rear sound source 102 form a first pair of acoustic dipoles, and the front sound source 100 and the second rear sound source 104 form a first pair of acoustic dipoles. A second pair of acoustic dipoles should be formed; specifically, a positive acoustic dipole 300 is formed at the front sound hole 30, and a first negative acoustic dipole 503 is formed at the first rear sound hole 501, and the positive acoustic dipole 300 and the first negative acoustic dipole 503 constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second negative acoustic dipole 404 is formed at the second rear sound hole 502, and the positive acoustic dipole 300 and the second negative acoustic dipole 404 constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles. The acoustic dipole has a characteristic directional pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular median line connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular median line to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the front sound hole 30 to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally transmitted to the ear canal, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage and realizing unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure sound quality; and while the sound is unidirectionally transmitted, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving greater safety.

[0060] Combine Figure 8As shown, the second embodiment also proposes a method for directional sound emission of earphones, which is as follows: a front cavity 3 and a rear cavity 5 isolated from each other are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of an acoustic driving unit 2; at least one front sound hole 30 corresponding to the ear canal is provided on the outside of the front cavity 3, and the size of the front sound hole 30 is less than or equal to the diameter of the ear canal 4, and a first rear sound hole 501 and a second rear sound hole 502 are further provided on the outside of the rear cavity 5; the first rear sound hole 501, the front sound hole 30, and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole 502, the front sound hole 30, and the ear canal are in the same straight line; when the acoustic driving unit 2 is working, the front cavity leakage sound output from the front sound hole 30 forms a front sound source 10 0, the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole 501 forms a first rear sound source 102, and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole 502 forms a second rear sound source 104. The front sound source 100 and the first rear sound source 102 form a first pair of acoustic dipoles, and the front sound source 100 and the second rear sound source 104 form a second pair of acoustic dipoles, which share the front sound source; the acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular midline to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the front sound hole 30 to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally transmitted to the ear canal.

[0061] A positive acoustic dipole 300 is formed at the front sound hole 30, and a first negative acoustic dipole 503 is formed at the first rear sound hole 501. The positive acoustic dipole 300 and the first negative acoustic dipole 503 constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second negative acoustic dipole 404 is formed at the second rear sound hole 502. The positive acoustic dipole 300 and the second negative acoustic dipole 404 constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles, which share the positive acoustic dipole 300.

[0062] The front cavity 3 , the acoustic driving unit 2 and the rear cavity 5 are defined in the shell 1 ; the front cavity 3 serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit 2 and the volume of the rear cavity 5 .

[0063] To sum up, the method of directional sound output of the earphones of the present invention adopts the method of dual sound source input, single acoustic driving unit, and single sound source output. Through the phase cancellation of two pairs of acoustic dipoles and the principle of sound pressure enhancement in the direction of the median vertical line, the purpose of one-way concentrated transmission of two-way sound is also achieved, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage, and achieving one-way concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output, so that there is no need to strictly require the user's wearing accuracy. Even if there is a deviation in wearing, the sound transmitted from the earphones can also be transmitted to the ear canal to ensure the sound quality; and while the sound is transmitted in a one-way concentrated manner, both ears can be opened to listen to external sounds at the same time, achieving safer protection.

[0064] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. An earphone, comprising a housing (1) and an acoustic driving unit (2) disposed in the housing (1), wherein a front cavity (3) is formed between the front end of the acoustic driving unit (2) and the housing (1), and the front end of the housing (1) is provided with at least one front sound hole (30) communicating with the front cavity (3) and corresponding to the ear canal (4), characterized in that: A rear cavity (5) is formed between the rear end of the acoustic drive unit (2) and the housing (1), the rear cavity (5) and the front cavity (3) are isolated from each other, and the rear cavity (5) is in communication with the inner cavity of the acoustic drive unit (2); The outer periphery of the shell (1) is provided with a first rear sound hole (501) and a second rear sound hole (502) communicating with the rear cavity (5); the first rear sound hole (501), the front sound hole (30), and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole (502), the front sound hole (30), and the ear canal are in the same straight line; the front cavity (3) serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit (2) and the volume of the rear cavity (5); When the acoustic driving unit (2) is in operation, the front cavity leakage sound output from the front sound hole (30) forms a front sound source (100), the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole (501) forms a first rear sound source (102), and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole (502) forms a second rear sound source (104). The front sound source (100) and the first rear sound source (102) form a first pair of acoustic dipoles, and the front sound source (100) and the second rear sound source (104) form a second pair of acoustic dipoles. The acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular midline to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the front sound hole (30) to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally concentrated and transmitted to the ear canal, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing sound leakage and being able to realize unidirectional concentrated transmission of sound, that is, achieving the purpose of directional sound output.

2. The earphone according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the front sound hole (30) is one, and the size of the front sound hole (30) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the ear canal (4).

3. The earphone according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the front sound holes (30) is two, namely a first front sound hole (301) and a second front sound hole (302), wherein the first rear sound hole (501), the first front sound hole (301), and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole (502), the second front sound hole (302), and the ear canal are in the same straight line.

4. The earphone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sum of the distance between the first front sound hole (301) and the second front sound hole (302) plus the size of the first front sound hole (301) and the size of the second front sound hole (302) is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the ear canal (4).

5. The earphone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The straight line formed by the first rear sound hole (501), the first front sound hole (301) and the ear canal is parallel to the straight line formed by the second rear sound hole (502), the second front sound hole (302) and the ear canal.

6. The earphone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The acoustic driving unit (2) is a speaker, and its inner cavity refers to the space between the speaker's bracket (21) and the diaphragm (22), and the bracket (21) has a through hole (211), and the inner cavity of the acoustic driving unit (2) is connected to the rear cavity (5) through the through hole (211).

7. The earphone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shell (1) comprises a front shell (11) and a rear shell (12) fixed together, a front slot body (111) being provided in the front shell (11), a rear slot body (121) being provided in the rear shell (12), a rear end of the acoustic drive unit (2) being fixed in the rear slot body (121), and a rear cavity (5) being formed between the acoustic drive unit (2) and the rear slot body (121), and a front end of the acoustic drive unit (2) being docked with the front slot body (111), and a front cavity (3) being formed between the two.

8. The earphone according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first stepped groove (112) is provided at the port of the front groove body (111), and the front periphery of the acoustic drive unit (2) is embedded in the first stepped groove (112) to form a sealed contact.

9. The earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front sound hole (30) is any one of a waist-shaped hole, an elliptical hole, a circular hole, and a rectangular hole.

10. The earphone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first rear sound hole (501) and the second rear sound hole (502) are any one of a waist-shaped hole, an elliptical hole, a circular hole, and a rectangular hole.

11. The earphone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole (301) forms a first front sound source; The second front cavity leakage sound output from the second front sound hole (302) forms a second front sound source; The distance between the diaphragm (22) in the acoustic driving unit (2) and the front sound hole (30) is equal to the distance between the diaphragm (22) in the acoustic driving unit (2) and the first rear sound hole (501) and the second rear sound hole (502); ensuring that the sound amplitudes emitted by the first front sound source and the first rear sound source are the same and the phases are opposite; and the sound amplitudes emitted by the second front sound source and the second rear sound source are the same and the phases are opposite, which ultimately facilitates the realization of one-way transmission of sound.

12. A method for directional sound output from an earphone, characterized by: The method of directional sound output of the headset is: A front cavity (3) and a rear cavity (5) that are isolated from each other are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of an acoustic driving unit (2); At least one front sound hole (30) corresponding to the ear canal is provided on the outside of the front cavity (3), and a first rear sound hole (501) and a second rear sound hole (502) are provided on the outside of the rear cavity (5); the first rear sound hole (501), the front sound hole (30), and the ear canal are on the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole (502), the front sound hole (30), and the ear canal are on the same straight line; When the acoustic driving unit (2) is in operation, the front cavity leakage sound output from the front sound hole (30) forms a front sound source (100), the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole (501) forms a first rear sound source (102), and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole (502) forms a second rear sound source (104). The front sound source (100) and the first rear sound source (102) form a first pair of acoustic dipoles, and the front sound source (100) and the second rear sound source (104) form a second pair of acoustic dipoles. The acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely canceled out; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the perpendicular midline direction to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the front sound hole (30) to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally concentrated and transmitted to the ear canal; The front cavity (3), the acoustic drive unit (2) and the rear cavity (5) are defined within the housing (1); The front cavity (3) serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit (2) and the volume of the rear cavity (5).

13. The headphone directional sound output method according to claim 12, characterized in that: A positive acoustic dipole (300) is formed at the front sound hole (30), a first negative acoustic dipole (503) is formed at the first rear sound hole (501), and the positive acoustic dipole (300) and the first negative acoustic dipole (503) constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second negative acoustic dipole (404) is formed at the second rear sound hole (502), and the positive acoustic dipole (300) and the second negative acoustic dipole (404) constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles.

14. A method for directional sound output from an earphone, characterized by: The method of directional sound output of the headset is: A front cavity (3) and a rear cavity (5) that are isolated from each other are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of an acoustic driving unit (2); A first front sound hole (301) and a second front sound hole (302) corresponding to the ear canal are provided on the outside of the front cavity (3), and a first rear sound hole (501) and a second rear sound hole (502) are provided on the outside of the rear cavity (5); wherein the first rear sound hole (501), the first front sound hole (301), and the ear canal are in the same straight line, and the second rear sound hole (502), the second front sound hole (302), and the ear canal are in the same straight line; When the acoustic driving unit (2) is in operation, the first front cavity leakage sound output from the first front sound hole (301) and the first rear cavity leakage sound output from the first rear sound hole (501) form two corresponding first front sound sources (101) and first rear sound sources (102), and the first front sound source (101) and the first rear sound source (102) form a first pair of acoustic dipoles; the second front cavity leakage sound output from the second front sound hole (302) and the second rear cavity leakage sound output from the second rear sound hole (502) form two corresponding second front sound sources (103) and second rear sound sources (104), and the second front sound source (103) and the second rear sound source (104) form a second pair of acoustic dipoles; The acoustic dipole has a characteristic directivity pattern, and the sound pressure in the direction of the line connecting the two points is completely offset; the sound pressure is strongest in the direction of the perpendicular midline connecting the two points, and the sound pressure gradually decays from the direction of the perpendicular midline to the direction of the line connecting the two points, so that the sound is concentrated along the first front sound hole (301) and the second front sound hole (302) to form two paths of sound that are unidirectionally concentrated and transmitted to the ear canal; The front cavity (3), the acoustic drive unit (2) and the rear cavity (5) are defined within the housing (1); The front cavity (3) serves as a coupling cavity, and its volume is equal to the sum of the inner cavity volume of the acoustic driving unit (2) and the volume of the rear cavity (5).

15. The headphone directional sound output method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first front sound source (101) and the first rear sound source (102) emit sounds of the same amplitude and opposite phases; the second front sound source (103) and the second rear sound source (104) emit sounds of the same amplitude and opposite phases; and a straight line formed by the first rear sound hole (501), the first front sound hole (301), and the ear canal is parallel to a straight line formed by the second rear sound hole (502), the second front sound hole (302), and the ear canal.

16. The method for directional sound output of an earphone according to any one of claims 14-15, characterized in that: A first positive acoustic dipole (303) is formed at the first front sound hole (301), and correspondingly, a first negative acoustic dipole (503) is formed at the first rear sound hole (501), and the first positive acoustic dipole (303) and the first negative acoustic dipole (503) constitute the first pair of acoustic dipoles; a second positive acoustic dipole (304) is formed at the second front sound hole (302), and correspondingly, a second negative acoustic dipole (404) is formed at the second rear sound hole (502), and the second positive acoustic dipole (304) and the second negative acoustic dipole (404) constitute the second pair of acoustic dipoles.

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