A wind temperature and speed monitoring device for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region and a construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cold region high-speed railway tunnel inside wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device, comprising: support, for six, for installing on the lining surface of left and right haunch, left and right side wall and left and right arch foot of tunnel section to be measured;It is cuboid frame structure, frame is formed into a cavity that is connected with outside, so that wind flow enters cavity, and passes through according to original direction of travel;Wind direction and wind speed sensor, one-to-one correspondence is located in the cavity of each support, and for installing on the lining surface;Wind temperature sensor, one-to-one correspondence is located in the cavity of each support, and for installing on the lining surface;Data collector, for two, is installed in the ditch of left and right arch foot of tunnel section to be measured, each data collector and each wind direction and wind speed sensor and wind temperature sensor located in the same side are all connected.Using the wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device solves the problem that wind speed and wind temperature in high-speed railway tunnel in severe cold area cannot be accurately measured and measurement process will affect normal operation of train.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of measurement technology in high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions, specifically relating to a wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device and construction method in high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels built in high-latitude, high-altitude, and frigid regions often suffer from severe frost damage, such as icicles hanging from the arch, frost heave and cracking of sidewalls, and freezing and blockage of drainage pipes. This frost damage significantly weakens the tunnel's functionality and poses a major safety hazard to the normal operation of the railway. The fundamental cause of frost damage in tunnels in frigid regions is the freezing of moisture accumulated in the surrounding rock or between the surrounding rock and the lining under sub-zero temperatures. Generally, after a tunnel in a frigid region is completed, a pressure difference exists between the tunnel's entrance and exit. In winter, natural wind from outside enters the tunnel under this pressure difference, causing frost damage. The wind speed and temperature inside the tunnel play a crucial role in determining the extent and degree of freezing in tunnels in frigid regions. For high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions, the extent and degree of frost damage are related not only to natural wind but also to the wind encountered by trains passing through the tunnel. When trains pass through tunnels, they bring cold air from outside into the tunnel, spatially extending the freezing area and temporally prolonging the freezing time. Furthermore, the impact of cold air brought in by trains traveling in both directions within a high-speed railway tunnel differs on the left and right sides of the tunnel. Therefore, to accurately determine the freezing range and degree of freezing in high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions, precise measurements of wind speed and temperature within these tunnels, influenced by both natural wind and train wind, are necessary.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring wind speed and temperature inside tunnels mostly involve manually erecting steel platforms on the tunnel cross-section and measuring wind speed and temperature while the train is stationary. This method is extremely costly in terms of economy, time, manpower, and resources, and it cannot measure wind speed and temperature when a train is passing through the tunnel at high speed, making it difficult to accurately determine the freezing range and degree of freezing in high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions. Furthermore, measuring wind speed and temperature inside tunnels under high-speed train operation conditions requires not only that the measuring devices not detach and not endanger train operation safety, but also that the measurement method not interfere with normal train operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device and construction method for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions, so as to solve the problems that wind speed and wind temperature cannot be accurately measured in high-speed railway tunnels in extremely cold regions and that the measurement process will affect the normal operation of trains.

[0005] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions, comprising:

[0006] The support consists of six brackets, which are used to install on the lining surfaces of the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured. It is a cubic frame structure, with the frame forming a cavity that is connected to the outside, so that the airflow can enter the cavity and pass through in the original direction of travel.

[0007] The number of wind direction and speed sensors is the same as the number of brackets, and they are located one-to-one in the cavity of each bracket and are used to install on the lining surface; they are used to measure the wind speed at the location.

[0008] The number of wind temperature sensors is the same as the number of brackets, and they are located one-to-one in the cavity of each bracket and are used to install on the lining surface; they are used to measure the wind temperature at their location.

[0009] Two data acquisition units are installed in the side ditches at the left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured. Each data acquisition unit is connected to the wind direction, wind speed and wind temperature sensors located on the same side; it is used to collect the wind direction, wind speed and wind temperature monitored by the wind direction, wind speed and wind temperature sensors.

[0010] Furthermore, the support has a bottom surface that is plate-shaped, which is used for installation on the lining surface, while the other five surfaces are grid-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, four corner screw holes are provided on the bottom surface of the bracket. The four corner screw holes are arranged at intervals around the bottom panel and are all located near the end of the diagonal of the panel. The corner screw holes are used to cooperate with bolts to install the bracket on the lining surface.

[0012] Furthermore, a central screw hole is provided at the center of the bottom panel of the support for fixing the wind direction and speed sensor and the wind temperature sensor to the lining surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of both the corner screw hole and the center screw hole is not less than 1 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, each data acquisition unit is also connected to a current-to-voltage converter located on the corresponding side. There are two current-to-voltage converters, which are installed in the side ditches at the left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured, respectively. They are used to convert the 220V power used for lighting in the tunnel to be measured into DC 12V power and supply power to the data acquisition unit.

[0015] This invention also discloses a construction method for the above-mentioned wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Perform surface treatment and clean surface dirt from the lining surfaces of the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured.

[0017] Step 2: Drill five holes on the lining surface of the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured. One hole is the center hole, and the other four holes are corner holes. They are arranged at intervals around the center hole and the four corner holes are connected to form a square. The length of the side of the square is equal to the distance between two adjacent corner screw holes on the two diagonals of the support base plate.

[0018] Step 3: Fix each bracket to the lining surface of the left and right arch waist, left and right side walls and left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured in sequence. Specifically, align the four corner screw holes and the center screw hole on the bottom of the bracket with the five drill holes at the position to be measured; fix the bracket by passing bolts through the four corner screw holes respectively.

[0019] Step 4: Install wind direction and speed sensors and wind temperature sensors in the cavities of each bracket. Specifically, fix the wind direction and speed sensors and wind temperature sensors to the cross section of the tunnel to be measured by passing expansion bolts through the central screw holes.

[0020] Step 5: Connect the current-to-voltage converter to the power supply line of the tunnel lighting to be measured, and place the current-to-voltage converter in the side ditch of the tunnel to be measured.

[0021] Step 6: Connect the wind direction and speed sensor and the wind temperature sensor to the data acquisition unit. Fix the connecting wires of the wind direction and speed sensor and the wind temperature sensor to the data acquisition unit to the lining surface of the tunnel to be measured, and place the wind temperature sensor in the side ditch of the tunnel to be measured.

[0022] Step 7: Connect the data acquisition unit to the current-to-voltage converter.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. It can accurately measure wind speed and temperature in high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions under the influence of natural wind and train wind, while ensuring that the measuring equipment and methods do not affect normal train operation or endanger train safety. 2. The wind direction and speed sensors and wind temperature sensors have a large range, high resolution, and high measurement accuracy, enabling precise measurement of wind direction, wind speed, and wind temperature in high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions. 3. Simultaneous monitoring of wind speed and temperature at multiple circumferential locations along the cross-section of high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions provides important guidance for determining the length of anti-freezing measures under the influence of natural wind and train wind. 4. The wind direction and speed sensors and wind temperature sensors are fixed inside the tunnel lining, allowing for uninterrupted measurement of wind direction, wind speed, and wind temperature inside the tunnel without affecting normal train operation or endangering train safety. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket provided by the present invention;

[0027] The components include: 1. the tunnel to be measured; 2. the support frame; 3. the corner screw hole; 4. the center screw hole; 5. the wind direction and speed sensor; 6. the wind temperature sensor; 7. the data acquisition unit; 8. the current-to-voltage converter; and 9. the fixed wind direction, speed, and temperature measurement device. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] A wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device for high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the system includes: six supports 2, used for installation on the lining surfaces of the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the tunnel section 1 to be measured; each support is a cubic frame structure, with the frame forming a cavity connected to the outside, allowing airflow to enter the cavity and pass through in its original direction of travel. The bottom surface of the support 2, used for installation on the lining surface, is plate-shaped, while the other five surfaces are grid-shaped. The grid is formed by welding steel bars with a diameter of 0.4 cm, allowing airflow to enter the wind direction and speed sensors 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6.

[0030] Wind direction and speed sensors 5, the same number as those in brackets 2, are located one-to-one within the cavities of each bracket 2 and are mounted on the lining surface; they are used to measure the wind speed at their respective locations. Wind temperature sensors 6, the same number as those in brackets 2, are located one-to-one within the cavities of each bracket 2 and are mounted on the lining surface; they are used to measure the wind temperature at their respective locations. The wind direction and speed sensors 5 and wind temperature sensors 6 together form a fixed wind direction, wind speed, and wind temperature measuring device 9. The wind direction and speed sensor 5 has a range of 0~80m / s, a wind direction of 0~360°, a wind speed accuracy of ±0.5+2%FS, a wind direction accuracy of ±3°, a wind speed resolution of 0.01m / s, and a wind direction resolution of 1°. The wind temperature sensor 6 is a PT100 temperature sensor manufactured by Jiangsu Mingze Cable Technology Co., Ltd., with a range of -50~+200℃, an accuracy of ±0.1℃, and a resolution of 0.01℃.

[0031] Two data acquisition units 7 are installed in the side ditches at the left and right arch feet of the section of the tunnel 1 to be measured. Each data acquisition unit 7 is connected to the wind direction and speed sensors 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 located on the same side. They are used to collect the wind direction, wind speed, and wind temperature monitored by the wind direction and speed sensors 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6. The data acquisition unit 7 can be a CR6 data acquisition unit, which can simultaneously collect the wind direction, wind speed, and wind temperature at the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the section of the tunnel 1 to be measured, as monitored by the wind direction and speed sensors 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6. The operating temperature range of the data acquisition unit 7 is -50℃ to +50℃, the storage capacity is 16GB, and it can be directly connected to a computer USB port.

[0032] The dimensions of the aforementioned bracket 2 can be 15cm long × 15cm wide × 15cm high. The bottom panel of bracket 2 is a steel plate with a thickness of 1cm and a cross-sectional dimension of 15cm × 15cm. This size setting can meet the installation requirements of wind direction and speed sensor 5 and wind temperature sensor 6 without affecting the train's movement.

[0033] Four corner screw holes 3 are provided on the bottom surface of the bracket 2. These four corner screw holes 3 are arranged at intervals around the bottom panel, and are all located near the ends of the diagonal of the panel. The corner screw holes 3 cooperate with expansion bolts to install the bracket 2 onto the lining surface. Connecting the screw holes 3 sequentially forms a square with a side length of 10cm. The distance between the corner screw holes 3 and the edge of the bottom surface of the bracket 2 is 2.5cm. A center screw hole 4 is provided at the center of the bottom panel of the bracket 2 to fix the wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 to the lining surface. The diameter of both the corner screw holes 3 and the center screw hole 4 is not less than 1cm.

[0034] The wind direction and speed sensor 5, the wind temperature sensor 6, and the bracket 2 form a fixed whole with the cross section of the tunnel 1 to be measured, thus avoiding the impact on train operation if the wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 fall off.

[0035] Each data acquisition unit 7 is also connected to a current-to-voltage converter 8 located on the corresponding side. There are two current-to-voltage converters 8, installed in the side ditches at the left and right arch feet of the section of the tunnel 1 to be measured, respectively. These converters convert the 220V power used for lighting in the tunnel 1 to 12V DC power and supply power to the data acquisition units 7. The operating temperature range of the current-to-voltage converters 8 is -50℃ to +85℃. The installation of the data acquisition units 7 and current-to-voltage converters 8 in the side ditches at the left and right arch feet of the section of the tunnel 1 to be measured avoids any impact on train operation.

[0036] When using the fixed wind speed and temperature monitoring device for high-speed railway tunnels in frigid regions according to this invention for measurement, the process is as follows: When no train is passing through the tunnel, natural wind flows within the tunnel and into the cavity of the support 2, acting on the wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6. The wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 collect and transmit the wind speed and temperature data, obtaining the required data values ​​under the influence of natural wind. When a train passes through the tunnel, it brings cold air from outside into the tunnel. The cold air flows within the tunnel and into the cavity of the support 2, acting on the wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6. The wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 collect and transmit the sensed data, obtaining the required data values ​​under the influence of train wind.

[0037] The above-mentioned construction method for a fixed wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in a frigid region includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Perform surface treatment and clean surface dirt from the lining surfaces of the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the tunnel section to be measured.

[0039] Step 2: Drill five holes each on the lining surface of the left and right arch waists, left and right side walls, and left and right arch feet of the section to be measured in tunnel 1. One hole is the central hole, and the other four holes are corner holes. They are arranged at intervals around the central hole and the four corner holes are connected to form a square. The length of the side of the square is equal to the distance between two adjacent corner screw holes 3 on the two diagonals of the support 2 base plate. The drilling depth is 5cm and the hole diameter is 1cm.

[0040] Step 3: Fix each bracket 2 to the lining surface of the left and right arch waist, left and right side walls and left and right arch feet of the section of the tunnel 1 to be measured in sequence. Specifically, align the four corner screw holes 3 and the center screw hole 4 on the bottom surface of the bracket 2 with the five drill holes at the position to be measured; fix the bracket 2 by passing bolts through the four corner screw holes 3 respectively.

[0041] Step 4: Install wind direction and speed sensors 5 and wind temperature sensors 6 in the cavities of each bracket 2. Specifically, fix the wind direction and speed sensors 5 and wind temperature sensors 6 to the cross section of the tunnel 1 to be measured by passing expansion bolts through the central screw hole 4.

[0042] Step 5: Connect the current-to-voltage converter 8 to the lighting power supply line of the tunnel 1 to be measured, and place the current-to-voltage converter 8 in the side ditch of the tunnel 1 to be measured.

[0043] Step 6: Connect the wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 to the data acquisition unit 7. Fix the connecting wires of the wind direction and speed sensor 5 and the wind temperature sensor 6 to the data acquisition unit 7 to the lining surface of the tunnel 1 to be measured, and place the wind temperature sensor 6 in the side ditch of the tunnel 1 to be measured.

[0044] Step 7: Connect the data acquisition unit 7 to the current-voltage converter 8.

Claims

1. A wind temperature and wind speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, characterized in that, It comprises: The bracket (2) is six, which is used for installing on the lining surface of the left and right haunches, the left and right side walls and the left and right arch feet of the tunnel (1) to be measured; it is a cuboid frame structure, and the frame surrounds a cavity connected with the outside to make the airflow enter the cavity and pass through in the original direction; The wind direction and speed sensor (5) is the same as the number of the bracket (2), which is located in the cavity of each bracket (2) one by one and is used for installing on the lining surface; it is used for measuring the wind speed and direction at the location; The wind temperature sensor (6) is the same as the number of the bracket (2), which is located in the cavity of each bracket (2) one by one and is used for installing on the lining surface; it is used for measuring the wind temperature at the location; The data collector (7) is two, which is arranged in the side ditch of the left and right arch feet of the tunnel (1) to be measured, and each data collector (7) is connected with each wind direction and speed sensor (5) and wind temperature sensor (6) on the same side; it is used for collecting the wind speed and temperature monitored by the wind direction and speed sensor (5) and the wind temperature sensor (6); One side of the bracket (2) for installing on the lining surface is the bottom surface, which is a plate body, and the other five sides are all grid-shaped; The bottom plate body of the bracket (2) is a steel plate with a thickness of 1cm and a cross-sectional size of 15cm*15cm; Each data collector (7) is also connected with a current-voltage converter (8) arranged on the corresponding side, and the current-voltage converter (8) is two, which is arranged in the side ditch of the left and right arch feet of the tunnel (1) to be measured, and is used for converting the 220V electricity for lighting of the tunnel (1) to be measured into direct current 12V electricity and supplying power to the data collector (7).

2. The wind temperature and speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Four corner screw holes (3) are formed on the bottom plate body of the bracket (2), which are arranged at intervals around the bottom plate body and are located at the positions close to the end portions of the diagonal lines of the bottom plate body; the corner screw holes (3) are matched with bolts, which are used for installing the bracket (2) on the lining surface.

3. The wind temperature and speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, A center screw hole (4) is formed at the center of the bottom plate body of the bracket (2), which is used for fixing the wind direction and speed sensor (5) and the wind temperature sensor (6) on the lining surface.

4. The wind temperature and speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hole diameters of the corner screw holes (3) and the center screw hole (4) are all not less than 1cm.

5. The construction method of a wind temperature and speed monitoring device in a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step one, the base surface treatment and surface dirt cleaning are performed on the lining surface of the left and right haunches, the left and right side walls and the left and right arch feet of the tunnel (1) to be measured; Step two, five drill holes are drilled on the lining surface of the left and right haunches, the left and right side walls and the left and right arch feet of the tunnel (1) to be measured, one of which is a center hole, and the other four drill holes are corner holes, which are arranged at intervals around the center hole and form a square by connecting the four corner holes, and the length of the side of the square is equal to the distance between two adjacent corner screw holes (3) on the two diagonal lines of the bottom plate body of the bracket (2). Step three, in turn, each of the bracket (2) is fixed in the tunnel (1) to be measured cross-section left, right haunch, left, right side wall and left, right arch foot lining surface, specific for: the bottom panel body of the four corner screw hole (3) and the center screw hole (4) of the bracket (2) are aligned with the five drill holes at the position to be measured; respectively with bolt through four corner screw hole (3), fixed bracket (2); Step four, install wind direction and speed sensor (5) and wind temperature sensor (6) in the cavity of each of the bracket (2), specific for: the wind direction and speed sensor (5) and wind temperature sensor (6) are fixed in the cross section of the tunnel (1) to be measured by expansion bolt through the center screw hole (4); Step five, the current voltage converter (8) is connected with the lighting power line of the tunnel (1) to be measured, and the current voltage converter (8) is placed in the ditch of the tunnel (1) to be measured; Step six, the wind direction and speed sensor (5) and the wind temperature sensor (6) are connected with the data collector (7), the connection line of the wind direction and speed sensor (5) and the wind temperature sensor (6) and the data collector (7) is fixed on the lining surface of the tunnel (1) to be measured, and the wind temperature sensor (6) is placed in the ditch of the tunnel (1) to be measured; Step seven, the data collector (7) is connected with the current voltage converter (8).

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