A multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment and pyrolysis reaction technology, and specifically discloses a multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator, including a heavy tar collection module, a fire-blocking module, and a pressurized atomization module. The structure solves the problems of heavy tar pipe blockage in the process of connecting volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator by pyrolysis / gasification; deflagration and local overheating in the furnace caused by uneven condensation of volatiles entering the furnace of an incinerator; and tempering at the interface in the process of connecting post-volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and pyrolysis reaction, and in particular to a multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to a furnace of an incinerator. Background Art

[0002] At present, urban multi-source industrial organic solid waste is an important component of industrial solid waste. Studies have shown that urban multi-source industrial organic solid waste accounts for more than 50% of industrial solid waste. However, unlike conventional industrial inorganic solid waste, urban multi-source industrial organic solid waste is rich in resources such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and also contains a large amount of heavy metals, sulfur, chlorine and other polluting elements, and has both resource attributes and pollution attributes. This also means that if this type of waste can be effectively utilized, it can be converted into a good resource raw material; but if it is not properly disposed of, it is very likely to cause serious secondary pollution.

[0003] Since the proportion of polluting elements and C / H ratio of urban multi-source organic solid waste are relatively high, it is difficult to fully burn during direct incineration. The generation and escape of a large number of active pollutants have a great impact on the applicability of the flue gas purification system, which will lead to a significant increase in the overall disposal cost. Therefore, in view of the raw material characteristics of industrial organic solid waste with high calorific value and high pollutant content, many places have tried to build collaborative thermal treatment equipment based on existing facilities such as municipal solid waste incineration power plants and coal-fired power plants. This type of device mostly uses thermal treatment technologies such as pyrolysis and gasification to decompose urban multi-source organic solid waste into pyrolysis coke and volatile products, and then directly connects the volatile products containing a large amount of combustible components to the incinerator furnace through pipelines, and uses combustion heat generation to achieve energy recovery.

[0004] However, the volatile products of industrial organic solid waste after thermal treatment such as pyrolysis / gasification contain a large amount of heavy tar components. As the temperature near the interface decreases, the heavy tar components are easily condensed at the outlet, causing pipe blockage. At the same time, the high calorific value volatiles generated by volatility are directly sprayed into the furnace, which may also cause local overheating of the furnace and flashback at the interface, affecting the safe and stable operation of the furnace. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator. The volatile products after heat treatment such as pyrolysis / gasification are separated into heavy tar components through a heavy tar collection module. The flame-retardant module is mainly used to increase the flow rate of condensed volatiles and simultaneously prevent backfire. The pressurized atomization module is used to treat the high-speed and uniform ejection of condensed volatiles to ensure the formation of a homogeneous flame. Potential problems such as pipe blockage, deflagration and backfire that occur when volatiles are connected to the furnace of an incinerator are well solved.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator, comprising: a heavy tar collection module, a fire-blocking module, and a pressurized atomization module;

[0008] The heavy tar collection module includes a U-shaped rotary structure and a cold end condensing water cooling device;

[0009] The fire-blocking module includes a trumpet-shaped flow guide pipe and a heating jacket;

[0010] The pressurized atomization module includes a pressurized air inlet and a swirl nozzle;

[0011] The front air inlet, the heavy tar collection module, the fire-retardant module, the pressurized atomization module, and the terminal air outlet are connected in sequence by pipelines.

[0012] Preferably, the heavy tar collection module further comprises a hot end anti-sticking device and a guide plate, the hot end anti-sticking device is closely attached to the inner bend section of the U-shaped rotating structure, and the cold end condensation water cooling device is closely attached to the outer bend section of the U-shaped rotating structure.

[0013] Preferably, the trumpet-shaped flow guide pipe includes a transition section with a continuously changing inner diameter and a fire-blocking section with a constant inner diameter. The inner diameter ratio of the pipes at both ends of the trumpet mouth of the transition section is greater than 3, the length-to-diameter ratio of the transition section is less than 5, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the fire-blocking section is greater than 8.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a damper and a temperature control device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The problem of heavy tar pipe clogging in the process of volatiles being connected to the incinerator furnace by pyrolysis / gasification is solved; the problem of deflagration and local temperature rise in the furnace caused by uneven entry of volatiles into the incinerator furnace after condensation is solved; and the problem of flashback at the interface in the process of post-volatiles being connected to the incinerator furnace is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a detailed diagram of the structure of the trumpet-shaped guide tube;

[0019] Among them: U-shaped rotating structure 1, cold end condensing water cooling device 2, trumpet-shaped guide pipe 3, heating sleeve 4, pressurized air inlet 5, swirl nozzle 6, hot end anti-sticking device 7, guide plate 8, air door 9, temperature control device 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] A multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator, which is connected in sequence by a front air inlet, the heavy tar collection module, a fire-blocking module, a pressurized atomization module, and a terminal air outlet pipe;

[0022] The heavy tar collection module consists of a U-shaped rotating structure 1, a cold-end condensing water cooling device 2, a hot-end anti-sticking device 7, and a guide plate 8; the U-shaped rotating structure 1 is arranged at a position second only to the front air inlet of the entire multifunctional connecting structure, because its U-shaped structure can slow down the newly incoming volatiles and increase the condensation contact area, and a guide plate 8 is arranged in the pipeline of the U-shaped rotating structure 1, and the volatiles are spirally advanced under the action of the guide plate 8, thereby further enhancing the condensation effect.

[0023] The cold-end condensation water cooling device 2 is closely attached to the outer bend section of the U-shaped rotating structure 1, also based on the consideration of increasing the condensation contact area. The hot-end anti-sticking device 7 is closely attached to the inner bend section of the U-shaped rotating structure 1, ensuring that the heavy tar component will not be blocked at the most curved corner of the U-shaped rotating structure 1 due to condensation, thereby ensuring the maximum condensation of the heavy tar component and the effective passage of the volatile matter after condensation.

[0024] The fire-blocking module consists of a trumpet-shaped flow guide tube 3 and a heating jacket 4. The trumpet-shaped structure of the transition section of the trumpet-shaped flow guide tube 3 increases the flow rate according to the Bernoulli equation through continuous changes in the caliber. The fire-blocking section quenches the flame through the collision of the free radicals of the gas fire on the wall in the narrow pipe. The heating jacket 4 increases the temperature of the condensed volatiles again. This is also based on the consideration of increasing the flow rate. In order to ensure the effect of increasing the flow rate and quenching the flame, the design requires the trumpet mouth D of the transition section to be 大口 / D 小口 Greater than 3, L 过渡段长 / D 小口 Less than 5, L 阻火段 / D 小口 Greater than 8.

[0025] The pressurized atomization module consists of a pressurized air inlet 5 and a swirl nozzle 6; the pressurized air enters through the pressurized air inlet 5 and the volatile matter after mixing and condensing is sprayed into the incinerator furnace, ensuring a certain pressure difference between the interface and the incinerator furnace, effectively solving the problem of flashback at the interface; the high calorific value volatile matter generated by volatility is sprayed out evenly at high speed through the swirl nozzle 6, ensuring the formation of a homogeneous flame, effectively solving the problems of deflagration and temperature runaway.

[0026] It also includes a damper 9 and a temperature control device 10. The temperature control device 10 is provided with temperature measuring probes at the hot end anti-sticking device 7 and the heating sleeve 4. When the temperature meets the set value of each component to perform its function, the temperature control device 10 reports and manually or automatically starts the damper 9 to open. Example

[0027] Close the damper 9, start the cold-end condensing water cooling device 2 and the hot-end anti-sticking device 7 and the heating jacket 4. When the temperature control device 10 reports the set values ​​of the cold-end condensing water cooling device 2 (25°C), the hot-end anti-sticking device 7 (300°C) and the heating jacket 4 (400°C), start the damper 9 and allow the pyrolysis volatiles to enter.

[0028] After the pyrolysis volatiles enter the U-shaped rotating structure 1, they are spirally advanced by the guide plate 8, wherein the heavy tar components are gradually condensed at the cold end. After the heavy tar components are removed, the condensed volatiles are acted upon by the trumpet-shaped guide pipe 3 and the high-temperature heating jacket 4 (400°C), and the flow rate is increased to enter the pressurized atomization module. After the condensed volatiles are premixed with the pressurized air, they are sprayed into the furnace through the swirl nozzle 6 to form a mist jet.

[0029] The technical principle of the present invention is described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can associate other specific implementations of the present invention without paying creative labor, and these methods will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator, characterized in that: include: Heavy tar collection module, fire-retardant module, pressurized atomization module; The heavy tar collection module includes a U-shaped rotating structure and a cold end condensing water cooling device; the U-shaped rotating structure is connected to the front air inlet, and the cold end condensing water cooling device is close to the outer curved section of the U-shaped rotating structure; The fire-blocking module comprises a trumpet-shaped flow guide pipe and a heating sleeve, wherein the trumpet-shaped flow guide pipe is connected to the U-shaped rotating structure, and the heating sleeve is arranged on the outside of the trumpet-shaped flow guide pipe; The pressurized atomization module includes a pressurized air inlet and a swirl nozzle. Pressurized air enters through the pressurized air inlet, and the volatile matter is sprayed into the furnace of the incinerator after mixing and condensing. The swirl nozzle is connected to the terminal air outlet. The front air inlet, the heavy tar collection module, the fire-blocking module, the pressurized atomization module, and the terminal air outlet are connected in sequence by pipelines.

2. The multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy tar collection module further comprises a hot end anti-sticking device and a guide plate. The hot end anti-sticking device is closely attached to the inner curved section of the U-shaped rotating structure, and the guide plate is arranged in the U-shaped rotating structure.

3. The multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trumpet-shaped flow guide pipe includes a transition section with a continuously changing inner diameter and a fire-blocking section with a constant inner diameter. The inner diameter ratio of the pipes at both ends of the trumpet mouth of the transition section is greater than 3, the length-to-diameter ratio of the transition section is less than 5, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the fire-blocking section is greater than 8.

4. The multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control device, which is respectively arranged on the hot end anti-sticking device and the heating sleeve.

5. The multifunctional connection structure for connecting pyrolysis volatiles to the furnace of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air door, through which the pyrolysis volatiles enter the U-shaped rotating structure.

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