Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure comprises a ground structure, an antenna branch connected with the ground structure, a phase shift network circuit, a first end of the phase shift network circuit being electrically connected with the antenna branch, a coupling structure, a second end of the phase shift network circuit being connected with the coupling structure, the coupling structure being coupled with the ground structure, and a third end of the phase shift network circuit being used for being electrically connected with a feeding structure. In the antenna structure, the phase of the signal of the feeding structure can be adjusted through the phase shift network circuit, the phase difference between the phase shift network circuit and the antenna branch and the coupling structure can be adjusted through the phase shift network circuit, the excitation to the ground structure can be enhanced, the radiation efficiency of the ground structure can be improved, and the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna structure can be improved by adjusting the phase difference between the phase shift network circuit and the antenna branch and the coupling structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of terminal technology, specifically relating to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas in mobile terminals mostly adopt forms such as PIFA (planar inverted-F antenna), IFA (inverted-F antenna), LOOP (loop antenna), and monopole (monopole antenna). Antenna design is limited to changes in the routing and layout of these antenna forms. The treatment of the ground structure of the entire terminal is also limited to adjusting the clearance and height of the antenna routing. The ground structure itself can act as an antenna. When the RF end feed line directly supplies power to the ground, the poor input impedance characteristics of the ground easily cause energy reflection, which cannot effectively excite the ground for efficient radiation, resulting in low overall antenna radiation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna structure and electronic device to solve the problem of low radiation efficiency of the ground structure in the antenna, which leads to low overall radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna structure, including:

[0005] Earth structure;

[0006] Antenna stub, which is connected to the ground structure;

[0007] A phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub;

[0008] A coupling structure is provided, wherein the second terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the coupling structure is coupled to the ground structure.

[0009] The third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is used for electrical connection with the feed structure.

[0010] The coupling structure includes a coupling patch spaced apart from the ground structure and / or a slot disposed on the ground structure, wherein the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the coupling patch and / or the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit is disposed adjacent to the slot.

[0011] The coupling structure is located in the edge region of the ground structure.

[0012] The width of the groove is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, and the length of the groove is less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0013] The coupling patch is disposed on one side of the ground structure, and the distance between the coupling patch and the ground structure is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0014] The antenna structure also includes:

[0015] A first matching circuit is connected to the third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit, and the first matching circuit is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure.

[0016] The phase-shifting network circuit includes:

[0017] A first phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub, and a second terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the feed structure;

[0018] The second phase-shifting network circuit has a first terminal connected to the non-resonant structure and a second terminal for electrical connection to the feed structure.

[0019] The coupling structure includes coupling patches spaced apart from the ground structure and slots disposed on the ground structure; the phase-shifting network circuit includes:

[0020] A first phase-shifting network circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub through the second matching circuit, and a second terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the feed structure;

[0021] A second phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit is disposed adjacent to the slot, and a second end of the second phase-shifting network circuit is used for electrical connection with the power supply structure;

[0022] The third phase-shifting network circuit has a first terminal electrically connected to the coupling patch and a second terminal electrically connected to the power supply structure.

[0023] The phase-shifting network circuit includes:

[0024] A second matching circuit, wherein a first terminal of the second matching circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub, and a second terminal of the second matching circuit is used to be electrically connected to the feed structure;

[0025] A fourth phase-shifting network circuit, wherein the first end of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the power supply structure.

[0026] The phase-shifting network circuit includes:

[0027] The fifth phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the second terminal of the second matching circuit, and the fifth phase-shifting network circuit is used for electrical connection with the power supply structure.

[0028] The phase-shifting network circuit includes a switching switch, and the fourth phase-shifting network circuit includes multiple sixth phase-shifting network circuits. Each sixth phase-shifting network circuit has a different phase shift. The first end of each sixth phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of each sixth phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to one end of the switching switch. The other end of the switching switch is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure. The switching switch can connect the power supply structure to the second end of any of the sixth phase-shifting network circuits.

[0029] The phase-shifting network circuit includes a first phase-shifting network circuit and a first switching switch. The first phase-shifting network circuit includes multiple first sub-phase-shifting network circuits, each of which has a different phase shift. The first end of each first sub-phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of each first sub-phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first switching switch. The other end of the first switching switch is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure. The first switching switch can connect the power supply structure to the second end of any of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuits.

[0030] and / or

[0031] The phase-shifting network circuit includes a second phase-shifting network circuit and a second switching switch. The second phase-shifting network circuit includes multiple second sub-phase-shifting network circuits, each with a different phase shift. The first end of each second sub-phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of each second sub-phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to one end of the second switching switch. The other end of the second switching switch is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure. The second switching switch can connect the power supply structure to the second end of any second sub-phase-shifting network circuit.

[0032] The antenna structure also includes:

[0033] A tuning element, which is electrically connected to the antenna stub.

[0034] The antenna structure operates in a frequency band of 700MHz-960MHz or 1710MHz-1880MHz; and / or

[0035] The size of the coupling structure is less than 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the corresponding operating frequency.

[0036] The antenna structure further includes:

[0037] The power supply structure is provided, wherein the third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the power supply structure.

[0038] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the antenna structure described in the above embodiments.

[0039] The electronic device includes a frame, which serves as the ground structure.

[0040] The antenna structure in this embodiment includes: a ground structure; an antenna stub connected to the ground structure; a phase-shifting network circuit, with a first terminal electrically connected to the antenna stub; a coupling structure, with a second terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit connected to the coupling structure, and the coupling structure coupled to the ground structure; and a third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit for electrical connection to a feed structure. In this embodiment, the phase of the signal to the feed structure can be adjusted via the phase-shifting network circuit, and the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub and coupling structure can be adjusted. The antenna stub and coupling structure respectively couple and feed the ground structure. By adjusting the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub and coupling structure, the excitation to the ground structure can be enhanced, improving the radiation efficiency of the ground structure and the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna structure. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 1b This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 1c This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 1d This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 1e This is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the phase-shifting network circuit in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2b This is another connection diagram of the phase-shifting network circuit in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 2c This is another connection diagram of the phase-shifting network circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in one embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in another embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial connection of the groove;

[0052] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure where the antenna stub and slot are directly fed separately;

[0053] Figure 6a For the corresponding Figure 5 The S-parameter curves of the dual antennas;

[0054] Figure 6b For the corresponding Figure 6a The return loss curve of the direct feed in the slotted middle section;

[0055] Figure 6c For the corresponding Figure 5 The radiation efficiency curve of the dual antennas;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the IFA antenna structure in the benchmark comparison.

[0057] Figure 8a Comparison of the return loss curves of Embodiment 1 of this application and the benchmark comparison in LTE B12;

[0058] Figure 8b This document compares the efficiency curves of Embodiment 1 of this application with a benchmark comparison on LTE B12.

[0059] Figure 9a A comparison of the return loss curves of Example 1 of this application and a benchmark comparison model in LTE B5;

[0060] Figure 9b This document compares the efficiency curves of Example 1 of this application with a benchmark comparison example on LTE B5.

[0061] Figure 10a Comparison of the return loss curves of Example 1 of this application and the benchmark comparison model in LTE B8;

[0062] Figure 10b This document compares the efficiency curves of Embodiment 1 of this application with those of a benchmark comparison on LTE B8.

[0063] Figure 11 For the corresponding Figure 3a A comparison of the radiation efficiency of the antenna operating in LTE B8 when the two phase-shifting network circuits have different phase differences;

[0064] Figure 12a The current distribution diagram for a single IFA antenna operating in LTE B8;

[0065] Figure 12b For the corresponding Figure 3a Current distribution diagram of the antenna operating in LTE B8 when the two phase-shifting network circuits are -15° phase difference;

[0066] Figure 12c For the corresponding Figure 3a The current distribution diagram of the antenna operating in LTE B8 when the two phase-shifting network circuits are 180° out of phase.

[0067] Figure Labels

[0068] Ground structure 10; Electrical connection structure 11; Printed circuit board 12;

[0069] Antenna stub 20;

[0070] Power supply structure 30; power supply 31; power supply 32; switch 33;

[0071] Coupled structure 40; slot 41; coupling patch 42;

[0072] First matching circuit 50;

[0073] Phase-shifting network circuit 60;

[0074] First phase-shifting network circuit 61; Second phase-shifting network circuit 62;

[0075] First phase-shifting network circuit 71; Second phase-shifting network circuit 72;

[0076] Third phase-shifting network circuit 73; Fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74;

[0077] Fifth phase-shifting network circuit 75; Sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76;

[0078] Switch 77; Tuning element 78;

[0079] Second matching circuit 81; Second matching circuit 82. Detailed Implementation

[0080] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0081] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0082] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1a to 12c As shown, the antenna structure provided in this application will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0083] like Figures 1a to 3b As shown, the antenna structure of this embodiment includes: a ground structure 10, an antenna stub 20, a phase-shifting network circuit 60, and a coupling structure 40. The ground structure 10 can be a conductive element, and the antenna stub 20 can be a wiring structure. The antenna stub 20 is connected to the ground structure 10 and can be electrically connected to the ground structure 10. The ground structure 10 can be a metal frame, which can be the metal frame of an electronic device. One end of the antenna stub 20 can be electrically connected to the ground structure 10, and the other end of the antenna stub 20 can be spaced apart from the metal frame. The antenna stub 20 can be disposed on the edge of the metal frame. The first end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 can be electrically connected to the antenna stub 20, and the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 can be connected to the coupling structure 40. The coupling structure 40 is coupled to the ground structure 10. The feed structure 30 can be electrically connected to the third end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60. The signal fed out by the feed structure 30 can have its phase adjusted by the phase-shifting network circuit 60. The phase-shifting network circuit 60 can feed electrical signals to the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40. The antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 can be coupled and fed to the ground structure 10 respectively, which can improve the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0084] In the antenna structure of this application embodiment, the phase of the signal of the feed structure 30 can be adjusted by the phase shifting network circuit 60, and the phase difference between the phase shifting network circuit 60 and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 can be adjusted by the phase shifting network circuit 60. The antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 respectively couple and feed the ground structure 10. By adjusting the phase difference between the phase shifting network circuit 60 and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, the excitation of the ground structure 10 can be enhanced, the radiation efficiency of the ground structure can be improved, and the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna structure can be improved.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1a to 1eAs shown, the coupling structure 40 can be a non-resonant structure. The coupling structure 40 may include a coupling patch 42 spaced apart from the ground structure 10 and / or a slot 41 disposed on the ground structure 10. The coupling structure 40 may include the coupling patch 42 or the slot 41, or may include both the coupling patch 42 and the slot 41. The slot 41 may be elongated or T-shaped, and the coupling patch 42 may be cuboid or cubic. The first end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 may be electrically connected to the coupling patch 42 and / or the first end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 may be... The phase-shifting network circuit 60 is positioned adjacent to the slot 41. For example, the first end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 can be connected across the slot 41, and the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 can be connected to the coupling structure 40. The connection between the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 and the coupling structure 40 can include an electrical connection between the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 and the coupling patch 42, and / or the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 is positioned adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit 60 can be connected across the slot 41. The coupling structure 40 and the ground structure 10 can be electromagnetically coupled. The slot 41 can be T-shaped, located at the edge of the ground structure 10, and can penetrate the edge of the ground structure 10. Two branches are formed on the edge of the ground structure 10 through the slot 41. The two branches can be coupled to other parts of the ground structure 10, which can improve the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10.

[0086] The phase-shifting network circuit 60 can adjust the phase of the output signal. By adjusting the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit 60 and the antenna stub 20 and coupling structure 40, the excitation of the ground structure 10 can be enhanced. The antenna structure in this application can improve some problems of low antenna radiation efficiency caused by poor location. It can increase the proportion of the efficient radiation mode weight of the ground structure 10 in the overall antenna current mode at these locations. With appropriate phase difference adjustment, the efficient radiation mode weight of the ground structure 10 can be greatly improved, thereby improving the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna. The structural modifications required are minimal, and the space occupied is small.

[0087] Antenna stub 20 can be a PIFA (planar inverted-F antenna) antenna structure, an IFA (inverted-F antenna) antenna structure, a LOOP (loop antenna) antenna structure, or a combination of the above antenna structures with parasitic structures. The feed structure 30 can include an antenna feed line. When the antenna feed line is fed alone into a non-resonant T-slot 41 or a non-resonant coupling patch 42, the antenna return loss in the operating frequency band is greater than -1dB. When the antenna feed line is fed into a non-resonant T-slot 41 or a non-resonant coupling patch 42, the isolation between the feed line and the antenna stub 20 is greater than 10dB. In application, multiple antennas can share a single slot 41 or coupling patch 42. The phase-shifting network circuit can be composed of transmission lines, capacitors and inductors, switches, or patchable phase shifters. Through the phase-shifting network circuit, signals of different phases can be output to the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40. The phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub and coupling structure can be adjusted to enhance the excitation of the ground structure 10. The phase-shifting network circuit may include at least one phase-shifting device, which may include a transmission line or an SMT-compatible phase-shifting element. The coupling structure 40 may be connected to one of the phase-shifting devices in the phase-shifting network circuit, and the antenna stub 20 may be connected to another phase-shifting device in the phase-shifting network circuit.

[0088] like Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, a printed circuit board 12 (PCB) can be mounted on the ground structure 10. The PCB has a feeding structure for transmitting and receiving antenna signals. The PCB also contains tuning components, typically switches or variable capacitors, which can be connected to the antenna stub 20 via electrical connection structures. These electrical connection structures can be metal springs, conductive foam, or screws, enabling tuning of the operating frequency. Figure 4 As shown, the side of the printed circuit board 12 closest to the ground structure 10 can be a ground layer, on which it can be electrically connected to the ground structure 10 through an electrical connection structure 11 (or more connection points). The electrical connection structure 11 can be a metal spring, a screw structure, or conductive foam. The connection lines of the phase-shifting network circuit can cross the opening of the T-slot 41, and can pass through the PCB board through metal vias to be electrically connected to the electrical connection structure 11, which is then electrically connected to the ground structure 10.

[0089] In the antenna structure of this application embodiment, a coupling structure 40 can be provided on the ground structure 10. The coupling structure 40 and the ground structure 10 can be electromagnetically coupled. The first end of the phase-shifting network circuit can be connected to the coupling structure 40. The phase of the signal of the feeding structure 30 can be adjusted through the phase-shifting network circuit. The phase difference from the phase-shifting network circuit to the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 can be adjusted through the phase-shifting network circuit. By adjusting the phase difference from the phase-shifting network circuit to the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, the ground structure 10 can be coupled and fed through the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 respectively. This can enhance the excitation of the ground structure 10, improve the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10, and improve the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0090] In some embodiments, the coupling structure 40 may be disposed on the edge region of the ground structure 10, which may be rectangular. The coupling structure 40 may include a coupling patch 42 and / or a slot 41. The coupling patch 42 and the slot 41 may be disposed at intervals. The slot 41 may be disposed on the edge region of the long side of the ground structure 10, and the coupling patch 42 may be disposed on the edge region of the long side of the ground structure 10 to facilitate the radiation of antenna signals. The coupling structure 40 may be a non-resonant structure, and the size of the non-resonant structure is less than 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the corresponding operating frequency. For example, the width and length of the slot 41 are less than 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the corresponding operating frequency.

[0091] In other embodiments, the width of the slot 41 may be greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, the length of the slot 41 may be less than or equal to 20 mm, the slot 41 may be electromagnetically coupled to the ground structure 10, and may excite the radiation of the ground structure 10, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10.

[0092] Optionally, the coupling patch 42 can be disposed on one side of the ground structure 10. The distance between the coupling patch 42 and the ground structure 10 can be less than or equal to 5 mm. The coupling patch 42 can be electromagnetically coupled with the ground structure 10, which can excite the radiation of the ground structure 10 and improve the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10.

[0093] In some embodiments, the antenna structure may further include a first matching circuit 50, which connects the feed structure 30 to the third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit. The first matching circuit 50 may include adjustable elements, such as switches or variable capacitors, and impedance optimization can be achieved through the first matching circuit 50.

[0094] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting network circuit may include a first phase-shifting network circuit 61 and a second phase-shifting network circuit 62. A first end of the first phase-shifting network circuit 61 may be electrically connected to the antenna stub 20, and a second end of the first phase-shifting network circuit 61 may be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. A first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 may be connected to the coupling structure 40, and a first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 may be electrically connected to the coupling patch 42. Alternatively, the first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 may be disposed adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 may span across the slot 41, and the second end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 may be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The phase of the signal in the feed structure 30 can be adjusted using the first phase-shifting network circuit 61 and the second phase-shifting network circuit 62. This adjustment can regulate the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, thereby enhancing the excitation of the ground structure 10 and improving the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, the coupling structure 40 may include a coupling patch 42 and a slot 41. The coupling structure 40 may include a coupling patch 42 spaced apart from the ground structure 10 and a slot 41 disposed on the ground structure 10. The phase-shifting network circuit may include a first phase-shifting network circuit 71, a second phase-shifting network circuit 72, a third phase-shifting network circuit 73, and a second matching circuit 81. The first end of the first phase-shifting network circuit 71 can be electrically connected to the antenna stub 20 through the second matching circuit 81. Impedance optimization can be performed through the second matching circuit 81. The second end of the first phase-shifting network circuit 71 can be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 72 can be disposed adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 72 can be connected across the slot 41. The second end of the second phase-shifting network circuit 72 can be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The first end of the third phase-shifting network circuit 73 can be electrically connected to the coupling patch 42, and the second end of the third phase-shifting network circuit 73 can be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The phase difference between the phase shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 can be adjusted by the first phase shifting network circuit 71, the second phase shifting network circuit 72 and the third phase shifting network circuit 73. By adjusting the phase difference between the phase shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, the excitation of the ground structure 10 can be enhanced and the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10 can be improved.

[0096] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting network circuit may include a second matching circuit 82 and a fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74. The first terminal of the second matching circuit 82 may be electrically connected to the antenna stub 20 and may perform impedance optimization. The second terminal of the second matching circuit 82 may be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The first terminal of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 may be connected to the coupling structure 40, and the second terminal of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 may also be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The connection of the first terminal of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 to the coupling structure 40 may include an electrical connection between the first terminal of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 and a coupling patch 42, and / or the first terminal of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 being disposed adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the first terminal of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 may be connected across the slot 41. The phase of the signal in the feed structure 30 can be adjusted by the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74. The phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40 can be adjusted. By adjusting the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, the excitation of the ground structure 10 can be enhanced, and the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10 can be improved.

[0097] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting network circuit may include a fifth phase-shifting network circuit 75. The second terminal of the second matching circuit 82 is electrically connected to the feed structure 30 through the fifth phase-shifting network circuit 75. The phase can be adjusted through the fifth phase-shifting network circuit 75, thereby adjusting the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40. By adjusting the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, the excitation of the ground structure 10 can be enhanced, and the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10 can be improved.

[0098] In embodiments of this application, the phase-shifting network circuit may include a switching switch 77, and the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 may include multiple sixth phase-shifting network circuits 76. For example, the fourth phase-shifting network circuit 74 may include three sixth phase-shifting network circuits 76, each with a different phase shift. The first end of each sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76 may be connected to the coupling structure 40. Connecting the first end of the sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76 to the coupling structure 40 may include electrically connecting the first end of the sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76 to the coupling patch 42 and / or having the first end of the sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76 adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the first end of the sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76 bridging the slot 41. The second end of each sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76 may be electrically connected to one end of the switching switch 77, and the other end of the switching switch 77 may be electrically connected to the feed structure 30. The switching switch 77 can connect the feed structure 30 to the second end of any sixth phase-shifting network circuit 76, allowing the feed structure 30 to be connected to the second end of one of the sixth phase-shifting network circuits 76. The second terminal of different sixth phase shifting network circuits 76 can be selected by switching switch 77 to optimize the requirements of different operating frequency bands (such as low, medium and high frequency bands of the antenna) and achieve the best radiation effect. At the same time, different phase differences can also make the overall radiation pattern of the antenna adjustable and the near-field characteristics adjustable, which is beneficial to deal with different environments, such as when a human body is close.

[0099] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting network circuit includes a first phase-shifting network circuit and a first switching switch. The first phase-shifting network circuit 61 includes a plurality of first sub-phase-shifting network circuits, each with a different phase shift. A first terminal of each first sub-phase-shifting network circuit is connected to a coupling structure 40, and a second terminal of each first sub-phase-shifting network circuit can be electrically connected to one end of the first switching switch. The other end of the first switching switch can be electrically connected to a feed structure. The first switching switch can connect the feed structure 30 to the second terminal of any of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuits. The connection between the first terminal of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuit and the coupling structure 40 may include an electrical connection between the first terminal of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuit and a coupling patch 42, and / or the first terminal of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuit being disposed adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the first terminal of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuit being connected across the slot 41. The first switching switch can connect the feed structure 30 to the second terminal of any of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuits. By using the first switching switch, the feed structure 30 can be connected to the second terminal of one of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuits, thereby switching to a phase-shifting network circuit with a different phase. The second terminal of different first sub-phase shifting network circuits can be selected to be turned on by the first switching switch to optimize the requirements of different operating frequency bands and achieve the best radiation effect. Different phase differences can also make the overall antenna pattern adjustable and the near-field characteristics adjustable, which is beneficial to cope with different environments.

[0100] Optionally, the phase-shifting network circuit may include a second phase-shifting network circuit and a second switching switch. The second phase-shifting network circuit 62 includes a plurality of second sub-phase-shifting network circuits, each of which has a different phase shift. The first end of each second sub-phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure 40, and the second end of each second sub-phase-shifting network circuit can be electrically connected to one end of the second switching switch. The other end of the second switching switch can be electrically connected to the power supply structure. The second switching switch can connect the power supply structure 30 to the second end of any second sub-phase-shifting network circuit.

[0101] The connection between the first terminal of the second sub-phase-shifting network circuit and the coupling structure 40 may include an electrical connection between the first terminal of the second sub-phase-shifting network circuit and the coupling patch 42, and / or the first terminal of the second sub-phase-shifting network circuit being positioned adjacent to the slot 41, for example, the first terminal of the second sub-phase-shifting network circuit being connected across the slot 41. A second switching switch can connect the feed structure 30 to the second terminal of any of the second sub-phase-shifting network circuits. By using the second switching switch, the feed structure 30 can be connected to the second terminal of one of the second sub-phase-shifting network circuits, thereby switching to a phase-shifting network circuit with a different phase. The second switching switch can be used to select and connect the second terminals of different second sub-phase-shifting network circuits to optimize the requirements of different operating frequency bands, achieve the best radiation effect, and allow for adjustment of the overall antenna pattern and near-field characteristics, which is beneficial for coping with different environments.

[0102] In some embodiments, the antenna structure may further include a tuning element 78, which may be electrically connected to the antenna stub 20, and the operating frequency may be tuned via the tuning element 78. The tuning element 78 may include a switch or a variable capacitor element for tuning the antenna frequency.

[0103] Optionally, the antenna structure can operate in the frequency range of 700MHz-960MHz or 1710MHz-1880MHz, which can effectively improve the radiation efficiency of the structure in the low frequency band.

[0104] Optionally, the size of the coupling structure 40 is less than 1 / 8 of the corresponding operating frequency wavelength. For example, the width and length of the slot 41 are less than 1 / 8 of the corresponding operating frequency wavelength, and the length and width of the coupling patch 42 are less than 1 / 8 of the corresponding operating frequency wavelength.

[0105] Optionally, the antenna structure may further include a feeding structure 30, wherein the third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the feeding structure 30, and power can be fed to the phase-shifting network circuit through the feeding structure 30. For example... Figure 5As shown, the antenna stub 20 and the T-shaped slot 41 on the ground structure 10 are directly fed to the antenna stub 20 through feed point 31 and to the slot 41 through feed point 32. With switch 33 in the off state, the antenna can operate in the LTE B8 band. (See attached diagram.) Figure 6a ,correspond Figure 5 The S-parameter curves of the dual antennas are shown. Among them, the solid line a2 is the return loss curve corresponding to antenna stub 20, the dashed line a1 is the return loss curve corresponding to T-slot 41, and the dotted line a3 is the transmission curve between the two (the negative value of isolation). It is easy to see that antenna stub 20 has a better standing wave ratio and a small return loss in LTEB8, while the standing wave ratio of slot 41 is very shallow. Figure 6b It corresponds Figure 6a The return loss curve for slot 41 direct feed is equivalent to zooming in on the dashed line. It shows that in the LTE B8 band, the return loss of slot 41 is less than -1dB, with almost all energy reflected back to the electrical port. Let's look at... Figure 6c ,correspond Figure 5 The dual-antenna radiation efficiency curves are shown, where the solid line b2 corresponds to antenna stub 20 and the dashed line b1 corresponds to slot 41. It is easy to see that the radiation efficiency of the antenna corresponding to slot 41 is about 2dB higher than that of antenna stub 20.

[0106] from Figures 6a to 6c As shown in the curves, slot 41 corresponds to high antenna radiation efficiency but poor antenna input impedance, while antenna stub 20 has low radiation efficiency but excellent antenna input impedance. These two types of antennas have complementary characteristics. By utilizing their respective strengths, an antenna with good input impedance and high radiation efficiency can be obtained. When the non-resonant slot 41 or coupling patch 42 is directly fed, the return loss in the operating frequency band is greater than -1dB. When slot 41 or coupling patch 42 is directly fed, the isolation between it and antenna stub 20 is greater than 10dB. These two conditions ensure that the antenna return loss changes little after being connected by a matching network circuit, approaching the return loss of the original antenna trace structure. Meanwhile, the radiation efficiency can be higher than that of the single antenna trace structure through phase difference control, approaching the radiation efficiency of the non-resonant structure.

[0107] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the IFA antenna structure as a baseline comparison. This antenna structure can be used in conjunction with... Figure 1a Compare the antenna structure of Example 1 with that in the example, the only difference being... Figure 1a The ground structure 10 has T-shaped slots 41 along its edges. The advantages of this application can be verified through switching between different frequency bands LTE B12, B5, and B8. Example 1 uses... Figure 3a The corresponding phase-shifting matching network circuits are as follows: the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 has an angle of 11° at a frequency of 880MHz, which can be implemented by microstrip line connection; the first phase-shifting network circuit 61 has an angle of 0°.

[0108] See Figure 8a This is a comparison of the return loss curves of Embodiment 1 of this application and the benchmark comparison model on LTE B12; see [link / reference]. Figure 8b The diagram shows a comparison of the efficiency curves of Embodiment 1 and the baseline comparison in LTE B12. The solid line c2 corresponds to the shift matching network circuit in Embodiment 1, and the dashed line c1 corresponds to the single IFA antenna in the baseline comparison. The return loss of the two is basically the same, but in the B12 band, the radiation efficiency of Embodiment 1 (square solid line d2) is 0.5-1 dB higher than that of the single IFA (square dashed line d1), and the overall efficiency of Embodiment 1 (triangular solid line d4) is also 0.5-1 dB higher than that of the single IFA (triangular dashed line d3).

[0109] See Figure 9a The return loss curves of Embodiment 1 of this application and the benchmark comparison model are compared in LTE B5; see [link / reference]. Figure 9b This application compares the efficiency curves of Embodiment 1 and the benchmark comparison in LTE B5. The solid line e2 corresponds to the shift matching network circuit of Embodiment 1, and the dashed line e1 corresponds to the single IFA antenna of the benchmark comparison. The return loss of the two is basically the same, but in the B5 band, the radiation efficiency of Embodiment 1 (square solid line f2) is 0.5-1dB higher than that of the single IFA (square dashed line f1), and the overall efficiency of Embodiment 1 (triangular solid line f4) is also 0.5-1dB higher than that of the single IFA (triangular dashed line f3).

[0110] See Figure 10a This is a comparison of the return loss curves of Embodiment 1 of this application and the benchmark comparison model on LTE B8; see [link / reference]. Figure 10b The diagram shows a comparison of the efficiency curves of Embodiment 1 and the baseline comparison in LTE B8. The solid line g2 corresponds to the shift matching network circuit of Embodiment 1, and the dashed line g1 corresponds to the single IFA antenna of the baseline comparison. The return loss of the two is basically the same, but in the B8 band, the radiation efficiency of Embodiment 1 (square solid line h2) is 0.5-1.5 dB higher than that of the single IFA (square dashed line h1), and the overall efficiency of Embodiment 1 (triangular solid line h4) is also 0.5-1.5 dB higher than that of the single IFA (triangular dashed line h3).

[0111] See Figure 11 ,correspond Figure 3aThe diagram compares the radiation efficiency of the antenna operating at LTE B8 with different phase differences between the two phase-shifting network circuits. The phase difference between the two phase-shifting networks and the antenna stub 20 and coupling structure (T-shaped slot 41 or coupling patch 42) affects the final antenna radiation performance. In a single-excited IFA, multiple current modes are coupled onto the ground structure 10. In the low-frequency band, the radiation efficiency of the long-side mode is higher than that of the short-side mode. The excitation weights of these current modes differ in a single IFA. The non-resonant T-shaped slot 41 or coupling patch 42 is mainly used to enhance the weight of the long-side mode, which is linearly superimposed on the original single IFA mode weight. Figure 11 As shown in the diagram, the dashed line k1 corresponds to Figure 7 The radiation efficiency curve of the IFA antenna at B8 is used as a reference for comparison. In Example 1, through... Figure 3a The phase-shifting network circuit controls the phase difference between the antenna stub 20 and the slot 41. When the phase difference between the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 and the first phase-shifting network circuit 61 is -15°, the following can be obtained: Figure 11 The solid line k2, representing the center dot, indicates the antenna has the best radiation efficiency, 1-1.5 dB higher than the reference efficiency. An 11° phase difference corresponds to the solid line k3 (square), and a 50° phase difference corresponds to the solid line k4 (equilateral triangle), where the efficiency advantage relative to the reference decreases. A 180° phase difference corresponds to the solid line k5 (inverted triangle), where the efficiency becomes even lower than the reference value. Therefore, controlling the phase difference between the antenna stub 20 and the slot 41 can improve the antenna's efficiency.

[0112] against Figure 11 Different phase differences result in different radiation efficiencies; see [reference needed]. Figures 12a to 12c ,in, Figure 12a The current distribution diagram for a single IFA antenna operating in LTE B8 shows that the current on ground structure 10 is both horizontal (short side) and vertical (long side). The current on ground structure 10 converges towards the IFA grounding terminal. The ground current on the left side of the IFA is not strong, and the vertical current mode excitation is insufficient. Figure 12b For the corresponding Figure 3a The current distribution diagram of the antenna operating in LTE B8 when the phase difference between the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 and the first phase-shifting network circuit 61 is -15°. The -15° phase difference makes the ground current distribution on the ground structure 10 wider, and the effective radiation volume of the antenna increases. At the same time, it can be seen that the longitudinal ground current on the left side of the IFA is enhanced, and the antenna radiation efficiency is improved. Figure 12c For the corresponding Figure 3a When the second phase-shifting network circuit 62 is 180° out of phase with the first phase-shifting network circuit 61, the antenna operates in the current distribution diagram of LTE B8. It can be seen that the edge current of the ground structure 10 is opposite to the original IFA current, which actually cancels the weight of the original longitudinal current mode, increases the lateral proportion, and causes the antenna radiation efficiency to decrease.

[0113] The antenna structure of this embodiment can enhance the excitation of the ground structure 10 and improve the radiation efficiency of the ground structure 10 by adjusting the phase difference between the phase-shifting network circuit and the antenna stub 20 and the coupling structure 40, thereby improving the overall radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0114] This application provides an electronic device including the antenna structure described in the above embodiments. The electronic device with the antenna structure described in the above embodiments has high overall antenna radiation efficiency, improving the user experience. The electronic device may include mobile phones, tablets, computers, etc.

[0115] Optionally, the electronic device may include a frame, which may be made of conductive material, such as a metal frame, and may serve as ground structure 10.

[0116] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: Earth structure; Antenna stub, which is connected to the ground structure; A phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub; A coupling structure is provided, wherein the second terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the coupling structure is coupled to the ground structure. The third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is used for electrical connection with the feed structure; The coupling structure includes a coupling patch spaced apart from the ground structure and / or a slot disposed on the ground structure, wherein the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the coupling patch and / or the second end of the phase-shifting network circuit is disposed adjacent to the slot.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling structure is located in the edge region of the ground structure.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the groove is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, and the length of the groove is less than or equal to 20 mm.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling patch is disposed on one side of the ground structure, and the distance between the coupling patch and the ground structure is less than or equal to 5 mm.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first matching circuit is connected to the third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit, and the first matching circuit is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase-shifting network circuit includes: A first phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub, and a second terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the feed structure; A second phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and a second end of the second phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the power supply structure.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling structure includes coupling patches spaced apart from the ground structure and slots disposed on the ground structure; the phase-shifting network circuit includes: A first phase-shifting network circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub through the second matching circuit, and a second terminal of the first phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the feed structure; A second phase-shifting network circuit, wherein a first end of the second phase-shifting network circuit is disposed adjacent to the slot, and a second end of the second phase-shifting network circuit is used for electrical connection with the power supply structure; The third phase-shifting network circuit has a first terminal electrically connected to the coupling patch and a second terminal electrically connected to the power supply structure.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase-shifting network circuit includes: A second matching circuit, wherein a first terminal of the second matching circuit is electrically connected to the antenna stub, and a second terminal of the second matching circuit is used to be electrically connected to the feed structure; A fourth phase-shifting network circuit, wherein the first end of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of the fourth phase-shifting network circuit is used to be electrically connected to the power supply structure.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The phase-shifting network circuit includes: The fifth phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the second terminal of the second matching circuit, and the fifth phase-shifting network circuit is used for electrical connection with the power supply structure.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The phase-shifting network circuit includes a switching switch. The fourth phase-shifting network circuit includes multiple sixth phase-shifting network circuits, each of which has a different phase shift. The first end of each sixth phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of each sixth phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to one end of the switching switch. The other end of the switching switch is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure. The switching switch can connect the power supply structure to the second end of any of the sixth phase-shifting network circuits.

11. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase-shifting network circuit includes a first phase-shifting network circuit and a first switching switch. The first phase-shifting network circuit includes multiple first sub-phase-shifting network circuits, each of which has a different phase shift. A first terminal of each first sub-phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and a second terminal of each first sub-phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to one terminal of the first switching switch. The other terminal of the first switching switch is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure. The first switching switch can connect the power supply structure to the second terminal of any of the first sub-phase-shifting network circuits. and / or The phase-shifting network circuit includes a second phase-shifting network circuit and a second switching switch. The second phase-shifting network circuit includes multiple second sub-phase-shifting network circuits, each with a different phase shift. The first end of each second sub-phase-shifting network circuit is connected to the coupling structure, and the second end of each second sub-phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to one end of the second switching switch. The other end of the second switching switch is used to electrically connect to the power supply structure. The second switching switch can connect the power supply structure to the second end of any second sub-phase-shifting network circuit.

12. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A tuning element, which is electrically connected to the antenna stub.

13. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure operates in the frequency range of 700MHz-960MHz or 1710MHz-1880MHz; and / or The size of the coupling structure is less than 1 / 8 of the wavelength of the corresponding operating frequency.

14. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The power supply structure is provided, wherein the third terminal of the phase-shifting network circuit is electrically connected to the power supply structure.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes any one of claims 1-14.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a frame, which serves as the ground structure.

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