Fluid vessel pump

Abstract

A fluid vessel pump can include a plurality of chambers that operate in an interactive manner to pump fluid in a vessel. For example, a vessel pump can include a first inflatable chamber structure configured to be implanted within a first fluid vessel and a second inflatable chamber structure configured to be implanted within a second fluid vessel adjacent to the first fluid vessel. The first inflatable chamber structure can be in fluid communication with the second inflatable chamber structure. Compression of the first inflatable chamber structure can cause expansion of the second inflatable chamber structure.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 882,754, entitled “Fluid Vessel Pump,” filed August 5, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of medical devices and procedures. Background Technology

[0004] Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood adequately to the rest of the body. CHF is a progressive disease that can cause the heart muscle to weaken or harden over time, leading to reduced cardiac output and potentially exacerbating the symptoms of heart failure. In some cases of CHF, the systemic fluid congestion that can cause CHF is due to right-sided heart failure. For example, the right side of the heart may not be able to effectively return blood to the heart, such as through the vena cava. This can lead to shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, fatigue, increased venous pressure, edema, hospitalization, or death. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This article describes one or more methods and / or devices that promote increased fluid flow by using one or more expandable chamber structures that can be implanted in certain blood vessels and / or chambers of human anatomy.

[0006] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to an intervascular fluid pump comprising: a first expandable chamber structure configured to be implanted within a first fluid vessel; and a second expandable chamber structure configured to be implanted within a second fluid vessel adjacent to the first fluid vessel. The second expandable chamber structure extends longitudinally and is in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure. In some embodiments, compression of the first expandable chamber structure causes expansion of the second expandable chamber structure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the intervascular fluid pump further includes a first conduit structure having an hourglass profile and a longitudinally extending lumen, and a second conduit structure extending longitudinally and including one or more radially extending orifices. The second conduit structure is configured to receive at least a portion of the first conduit structure and is longitudinally aligned with the first conduit structure. A second expandable chamber structure is configured to be disposed between the first and second conduit structures.

[0008] In some embodiments, the intervascular fluid pump further includes a valve structure configured to be longitudinally aligned with a first conduit structure and disposed between a second expandable chamber structure and a second conduit structure. The valve structure is configured to radially displace to block one or more orifices in the second conduit structure when the second expandable chamber structure expands. In some embodiments, one or more of the second expandable chamber structure and the valve structure have a conical-cylindrical shape. In some embodiments, the first conduit structure includes one or more one-way valves disposed at at least one end of the first conduit structure. In some embodiments, in a deployed state: the first and second conduit structures are configured to form an aspiration cavity between the first and second conduit structures, and the second expandable chamber structure is configured to expand radially to push fluid in the aspiration cavity through one or more one-way valves.

[0009] In some embodiments, one or more of the first expandable chamber structure and the second expandable chamber structure include a wireframe structure. In some embodiments, the intervascular fluid pump further includes a conduit structure that connects the first expandable chamber structure to the second expandable chamber structure via fluid.

[0010] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to a method for increasing diastolic blood pressure, comprising: deploying a first expandable chamber structure in the patient's aorta and deploying a second expandable chamber structure in the patient's inferior vena cava. The second expandable chamber structure is in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure via a conduit structure extending through the walls of the aorta and the inferior vena cava.

[0011] In some embodiments, deploying the second expandable chamber structure includes deploying the second expandable chamber structure in the inferior vena cava to axially overlap at least a portion of the renal vein into the inferior vena cava. In some embodiments, the method further includes pumping blood from the renal vein into the inferior vena cava using the first expandable chamber structure and the second expandable chamber structure. In some embodiments, pumping includes aspirating blood from the renal vein into an aspiration cavity associated with the second expandable chamber structure during diastole and pumping blood out of the aspiration cavity during systole. In some embodiments, aspirating blood into the aspiration cavity includes inflating the first expandable chamber structure and compressing the second expandable chamber structure, and pumping blood out of the aspiration cavity includes compressing the first expandable chamber structure and inflating the second expandable chamber structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method further includes advancing a guidewire through the walls of the inferior vena cava and the aorta at a location within a distance of the renal vein in the inferior vena cava. Deploying the first expandable chamber structure in the aorta includes using the guidewire to advance a delivery catheter through the inferior vena cava into the aorta.

[0013] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to a vascular pump comprising: a first expandable chamber structure configured to be implanted within a first fluid vessel; a second expandable chamber structure configured to be in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure; and an anchor structure configured to be implanted within a second fluid vessel and to accommodate at least a portion of the second expandable chamber structure. In a deployed state, the second expandable chamber structure is configured to expand to fill at least a portion of an inhalation cavity within the anchor structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first fluid vessel includes the abdominal aorta and the second fluid vessel includes the inferior vena cava. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the first end of the anchor structure has a first diameter, and the cross-section of the central portion of the anchor structure has a second diameter smaller than the first diameter. In some embodiments, one or more of the first and second inflatable chamber structures includes a compliant balloon.

[0015] In some embodiments, the anchor structure includes one or more one-way valves configured to allow fluid to flow from the suction cavity into a second fluid vessel when deployed. In some embodiments, the vascular pump also includes a valve structure configured to be disposed therein with the anchor structure and radially displaced to block one or more orifices in the anchor structure when the second expandable chamber structure expands.

[0016] For the purposes of summarizing this disclosure, certain aspects, advantages, and novel features have been described. It should be understood that not all of these advantages can necessarily be achieved according to any particular embodiment. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments may be implemented in a manner that achieves or optimizes one or more advantages as taught herein, without necessarily achieving other advantages as taught or suggested herein. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various embodiments depicted in the accompanying drawings are described for illustrative purposes and should not in any way be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, various features of the embodiments of different disclosures may be combined to form additional embodiments, which are part of this disclosure. Throughout the drawings, reference numerals may be used repeatedly to indicate correspondences between reference elements.

[0018] Figure 1 The illustration shows an example human anatomy with various features related to certain aspects of this disclosure, wherein an example fluid vascular pump is implanted.

[0019] Figure 2 An example apparatus for pumping fluid according to one or more embodiments is illustrated, the example apparatus including a first expandable chamber structure and an anchor structure.

[0020] Figure 3The illustration shows a cross-sectional view of the aorta and inferior vena cava according to one or more embodiments, wherein an example device is implanted to pump blood.

[0021] Figure 4-1 The illustration shows an example upper part of a pipe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0022] Figure 4-2 The illustration shows an example lower part of a pipe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0023] Figure 4-3 The illustration shows an example pipe structure configured to be associated with another pipe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0024] Figure 4-4 An example expandable chamber structure according to one or more embodiments is illustrated, the expandable chamber structure being configured to be implemented using one or more piping structures.

[0025] Figure 4-5 The illustration shows an example valve structure according to one or more embodiments, which is configured to be implemented using one or more conduit structures and expandable chamber structures.

[0026] Figure 4-6 An example expandable chamber structure according to one or more embodiments is illustrated, which is configured to be connected to another expandable chamber structure.

[0027] Figure 5-1 An example apparatus for pumping blood during the diastolic phase of a cardiac cycle, according to one or more embodiments, is illustrated.

[0028] Figure 5-2 An example device is illustrated within a human anatomy during diastole according to one or more embodiments.

[0029] Figure 5-3 The figure illustrates a graph of aortic pressure according to one or more embodiments and a point where aortic pressure is at its minimum.

[0030] Figure 6-1 An example apparatus for pumping blood during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, according to one or more embodiments, is illustrated.

[0031] Figure 6-2 An example device is illustrated within a human anatomy during the contraction phase, according to one or more embodiments.

[0032] Figure 6-3 The figure illustrates a graph of aortic pressure according to one or more embodiments, and the point where the aortic pressure is at its maximum value.

[0033] Figure 7A The illustration shows a side view of an expandable chamber structure connected to another expandable chamber structure via a pipe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0034] Figure 7B The diagram shows... Figure 7A A top view of the expandable chamber structure.

[0035] Figure 8A The illustration shows a side view of an example anchor structure, which includes a pipe structure in an attachment configuration and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0036] Figure 8B The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 8A Cross-sectional view of the anchor structure.

[0037] Figure 9A The illustration shows a side view of an example pipe structure, which has a generally cylindrical shape and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0038] Figure 9B The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 9A A cross-sectional view of the pipe structure.

[0039] Figure 10A The illustration shows a side view of an example pipe structure that has a general hourglass shape and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0040] Figure 10B The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 10A A cross-sectional view of the pipe structure.

[0041] Figure 11A The illustration shows a perspective view of an example piping component that includes a fluid control device and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0042] Figure 11B The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 11A A top view of the pipe components.

[0043] Figure 11C The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 11A Side view of the pipe component.

[0044] Figure 12A The illustration shows a perspective view of an example valve structure, which is generally cylindrical and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0045] Figure 12B The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 12AA top view of the valve structure.

[0046] Figure 12C The illustration shows one or more embodiments. Figure 12A A side view of the valve structure.

[0047] Figure 13 The illustration shows example expandable chamber structures that are connected at piping structures and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0048] Figure 14 An example expandable chamber structure is illustrated, which includes a spring element and can be implemented in one or more embodiments.

[0049] Figure 15-1 The illustration shows a side view of an example pipe structure implemented using a wireframe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0050] Figure 15-2 The illustration shows a side view of another example pipe structure implemented using a wireframe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0051] Figure 15-3 The illustration shows a side view of a valve structure implemented using a wireframe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0052] Figure 15-4 The illustration shows a side view of an expandable chamber structure implemented using a wireframe structure according to one or more embodiments.

[0053] Figure 16-1 The illustration shows the insertion of a guidewire during an example procedure for implanting a device into a patient, according to one or more embodiments.

[0054] Figure 16-2 The illustration depicts the introduction of an expandable chamber structure into a fluid blood vessel during an example procedure for implanting a device into a patient, according to one or more embodiments.

[0055] Figure 16-3 The illustration shows the deployment of an expandable chamber structure during an example procedure for implanting a device into a patient, according to one or more embodiments.

[0056] Figure 16-4 The illustration depicts the introduction of another expandable chamber structure into another fluid vessel during an example procedure for implanting a device into a patient, according to one or more embodiments.

[0057] Figure 16-5 The illustration shows the deployment of another expandable structure during an example procedure for implanting a device into a patient, according to one or more embodiments.

[0058] Figure 17 The illustration depicts an example process for implanting a vascular pump into one or more blood vessels of a patient, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The headings provided herein are for convenience only and do not necessarily affect the scope or meaning of the claimed subject matter. This disclosure relates to systems, apparatus, and methods for promoting increased fluid flow by using expandable chamber structures implantable in blood vessels within human anatomy.

[0060] Although certain preferred embodiments and examples are disclosed below, the subject matter of the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and / or uses, as well as modifications and equivalents thereof. Therefore, the scope of the claims that may arise therefrom is not limited to any particular embodiment described below. For example, in any method or process disclosed herein, the actions or operations of the method or process can be performed in any suitable order and are not necessarily limited to any particular disclosed order. Various operations may be described sequentially as a plurality of discrete operations in a manner that may aid in understanding certain embodiments; however, the order of description should not be construed as implying that these operations are order-dependent. Furthermore, the structures, systems, and / or apparatuses described herein may be embodied as integrated components or separate components. For the purpose of comparing various embodiments, certain aspects and advantages of these embodiments are described. Not all of these aspects or advantages are necessarily achieved by any particular embodiment. Thus, for example, various embodiments may be performed in a manner that achieves or optimizes one or a set of advantages as taught herein, without necessarily achieving other aspects or advantages as may also be taught or suggested herein.

[0061] The term “associated” is used herein in its broad and general sense. For example, when a first feature, element, component, device, or member is described as being “associated” with a second feature, element, component, device, or member, such description should be understood to indicate that the first feature, element, component, device, or member is directly or indirectly physically coupled, attached or connected, integrated, at least partially embedded therein, or otherwise physically associated with the second feature, element, component, device, or member.

[0062] As described above, congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood adequately to the rest of the body. In some cases, the right side of the heart may not generate enough suction to draw blood from the renal veins into the vena cava and back to the heart. Since the renal veins connect to and receive filtered blood from the kidneys, reduced blood flow in the renal veins negatively impacts kidney function. For example, the heart may not be able to return enough filtered blood from the kidneys to itself, thus affecting kidney function. Furthermore, CHF can lead to shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, fatigue, increased venous pressure, edema, or hospitalization.

[0063] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to a device having multiple chambers that operate interactively to pump fluid into a blood vessel. For example, the device may include a first expandable chamber structure implantable in a first fluid vessel (e.g., the abdominal aorta) and a second expandable chamber structure implantable in a second fluid vessel (e.g., the vena cava near the renal vein). The first expandable chamber structure may be in fluid communication with the second expandable chamber structure, such that the first and second expandable chamber structures expand and contract in opposite directions. For example, an increase in fluid pressure in the first fluid vessel may cause compression of the first expandable chamber structure, thereby causing expansion of the second expandable chamber structure. Conversely, a decrease in fluid pressure in the first fluid vessel may cause expansion of the first expandable chamber structure, thereby causing contraction of the second expandable chamber structure. This operation can pump fluid into the first and / or second blood vessels, for example, pumping blood to or from the heart.

[0064] Figure 1 An example human anatomy 100 with various features relevant to certain aspects of this disclosure is illustrated. The human anatomy 100 includes a heart 110 fluidly coupled to an inferior vena cava 120 and an aorta 130. Specifically, the heart 110 can pump blood to various parts of the human anatomy 100 via the aorta 130 and return blood to the heart 110 via the inferior vena cava 120. For example, blood can be pumped downwards via the aorta 130 to arteries 135 attached to the aorta 130, such as the superior mesenteric artery, left renal artery, and right renal artery. Furthermore, blood can be drawn from the renal veins 125 (i.e., the right and left renal veins) into the inferior vena cava 120 and returned to the heart 110. As shown, the inferior vena cava 120 is adjacent to the aorta 130. The inferior vena cava 120 and the aorta 130 represent fluid-flowing vessels. It should be understood that... Figure 1 Some of the various blood vessels, organs, and / or cavities shown are not necessarily drawn to scale and may be represented in a relatively enlarged form to clearly illustrate features and / or concepts that may be relevant to various aspects of this disclosure. Fluid vessels may include any anatomical structure capable of carrying fluid, such as arteries, veins, capillaries, etc. Although certain embodiments relating to blood vessels (e.g., vessels of one or more aortic and / or venous systems) are disclosed herein, it should be understood that any disclosed device may be implanted at least partially within any blood vessel, organ, and / or cavity of a patient's anatomy, including any cavity or blood vessel associated with the heart and / or the cardiac circulatory system.

[0065] In some embodiments, device 140 (sometimes referred to herein as “vascular pump 140”) may be implanted within inferior vena cava 120 and / or aorta 130 to pump blood within the inferior vena cava 120 and / or aorta 130. For example, device 140 may include a first expandable chamber structure 170 implanted within aorta 130 and an anchor structure 150 implanted within inferior vena cava 120. In this illustration, the first expandable chamber structure 170 is implanted within aorta 130 near artery 135 (e.g., within the abdominal aorta and at a distance from artery 135), while the anchor structure 150 is implanted within inferior vena cava 120 near renal vein 125. Anchor structure 150 may include a second expandable chamber structure in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure 170, such as through a conduit or other structure implanted within the walls of inferior vena cava 120 and aorta 130. As used herein, the term “fluid” may refer to a gas, liquid, or combination thereof. For example, the chamber structure disclosed herein can be expanded using any type of fluid, including saline or other liquids or gases. Although illustrated as being implanted near the renal vein 125, the device 140 can be implanted at other locations within the human anatomical structure 100, such as the inferior vena cava 120 or the aorta 130, other fluid vessels, etc.

[0066] In operation, the first expandable chamber structure 170 within the aorta 130 and the anchor structure 150 within the inferior vena cava 120 can operate cooperatively to pump blood. For example, during systole (e.g., when the heart 110 pumps blood into the body), the first expandable chamber structure 170 can contract due to increased blood pressure in the aorta 130, which in turn causes the second expandable chamber structure of the anchor structure 150 to expand. Furthermore, during diastole (e.g., when the heart 110 fills with blood), the first expandable chamber structure 170 can expand due to decreased blood pressure in the aorta 130, which in turn causes the second expandable chamber structure of the anchor structure 150 to contract. This can generate suction and draw blood from the renal vein 125 into the inferior vena cava 120 for return to the heart 110. Thus, the device 140 can actively draw blood from the renal vein 125 by the natural pulsation of the abdominal aorta. In many embodiments, device 140 does not include a power source (e.g., a battery or other power source) but operates based on pressure / compression in the aorta 130, inferior vena cava 120, or surrounding anatomy. Therefore, device 140 can improve renal function and / or reduce end-diastolic volume from the venous system. Decompression in the inferior vena cava 120 and renal veins 125 can improve renal function and / or reduce recurrence of systemic edema. In some embodiments, device 140 can improve renal function (e.g., improve the kidney's ability to pump deoxygenated blood to the inferior vena cava 120). Since renal function and cardiac function are interconnected, this can reduce pressure in the inferior vena cava 120. Device 140 can also increase atrial system compliance to lower hypertension and / or improve atrial diastolic pressure.

[0067] Device 140 can be implemented as an intervascular fluid pump. A device can be considered intervascular when at least components of a fluid pump are disposed / implanted within a portion of a continuous and / or adjacent portion of each or a single vessel in a plurality of vessels. Although many examples have been discussed herein in the context of a first expandable chamber structure 170 in the aorta 130 causing blood to be pumped within the inferior vena cava 120, device 140 can operate in other ways, such as with an anchor structure 150 in the inferior vena cava 120 causing blood to be pumped within the aorta 130. In some embodiments, multiple expandable chamber structures are implanted in the aortic or venous system (but not both) and generate increased blood flow in the aortic or venous system (but not both).

[0068] Figure 2An example apparatus 240 for pumping fluid according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated, comprising a first expandable chamber structure 270 and an anchor structure 250. The apparatus 240 includes the first expandable chamber structure 270, the anchor structure 250, and a conduit structure 260 for fluidly connecting the first expandable chamber structure 270 and the anchor structure 250. The first expandable chamber structure 270 can be implanted into a first fluid vessel, for example... Figure 1 Within the aorta 130, and the anchor structure 250 can be implanted with a second fluid vessel, for example... Figure 1 The inferior vena cava 120 is located within the inferior vena cava. The anchor structure 250 may include a second expandable chamber structure connected to the first expandable chamber structure 270 via a conduit structure 260. In some embodiments, the conduit structure 260 may be rigid or semi-rigid to prevent expansion of the conduit structure 260. This prevents the conduit structure 260 from expanding and damaging the walls of the fluid-carrying vessels in which it is implanted, such as the aorta or inferior vena cava. However, the conduit structure 260 can be formed of any material, whether rigid or flexible.

[0069] Although device 240 is discussed as having two expandable chamber structures, any number of expandable chamber structures can be implemented. For example, a first expandable chamber structure can be implemented within a first fluid vessel, a second expandable chamber structure within a second fluid vessel, and a third expandable chamber structure within a third fluid vessel. Here, the expansion and contraction of the first expandable chamber structure can cause the second and third expandable chamber structures to contract and expand in a unified manner, thereby simultaneously pumping fluid within both the second and third fluid vessels.

[0070] Figure 3The illustration shows a cross-sectional view of an aorta 330 and an inferior vena cava 320 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein an example intervascular fluid pump device / assembly 340 is implanted to pump blood and / or increase blood flow within one or more illustrated blood vessels and / or portions thereof. As shown, the device 340 includes a first at least partially expandable chamber structure 370 connected to an anchor structure 350 via a conduit structure 360. The anchor structure 350 is implanted within the inferior vena cava 320 and associated with a second expandable chamber structure 355. The first expandable chamber structure 370 is advantageously in fluid communication with the second expandable chamber structure 355 via the conduit structure 360, which extends through the walls of the aorta 330 and the inferior vena cava 320. As used herein, the term "expandable chamber structure" can generally refer to a structure and a cavity within a structure. For example, a chamber structure may include one or more walls forming a cavity that is at least partially fluid-tight. Furthermore, the term "conduit structure" can generally refer to a structure and a cavity within a structure. For example, a piping structure may include a balloon, a tube, a hose, or other structure in which a lumen is formed to allow fluid to pass through and / or be contained.

[0071] The anchor structure 350 also includes a first conduit structure 351, a second conduit structure 352, and a valve structure 356. The first conduit structure 351 may have a generally hourglass-shaped profile and a lumen extending longitudinally through its center. As shown, the first conduit structure 351 may also include a fluid control device 353 to allow or prevent fluid flow from the suction cavity 357. The fluid control device 353 may include a unidirectional valve that allows fluid to flow in one direction, through an orifice, or in another configuration. The second conduit structure 352 may have a generally cylindrical shape and one or more radially extending orifices 354. The second conduit structure 352 may be configured to receive at least a portion of the first conduit structure 351. The valve structure 356 is configured to be longitudinally aligned with the first conduit structure 351 and may be disposed between the second expandable chamber structure 355 and the second conduit structure 352. The valve structure 356 may be configured to be displaced in a radial direction (e.g., toward the second conduit structure 352) to prevent fluid flow through the orifices 354 of the second conduit structure 352, as discussed in further detail below. Although the first conduit structure 351, the second conduit structure 352, and the valve structure 356 are illustrated to have various cross-sectional shapes, such components may include other forms, such as hyperrectangular, elliptical, etc. Furthermore, while many embodiments are illustrated to have a single expandable chamber structure in the first expandable chamber structure 270 and a single expandable chamber structure in the anchor structure 250, any number of expandable chamber structures may be implemented.

[0072] As shown in the figure, the components of the anchor structure 350 are configured to form a suction cavity 357. Specifically, a second conduit structure 352 is disposed around the first conduit structure 351, such that a gap exists between the first conduit structure 351 and the second conduit structure 352. A second expandable chamber structure 355 is disposed between the first conduit structure 351 and the second conduit structure 352 and expands to fill the cavity. Figure 3 At least a portion of the suction cavity 357 shown. Figure 3 As shown, the second expandable chamber structure 355 can be located at the bottom of the first conduit structure 351, for example, on a portion of the first conduit structure 351 where the diameter increases. A valve structure 356 is disposed between the second expandable chamber structure 355 and the second conduit structure 352. In this configuration, the components create an intake cavity 357 that extends circumferentially around the first conduit structure 351.

[0073] In some embodiments, when in such a situation Figure 3 In the illustrated implantation state, the upper portion (having a larger diameter) of the first conduit structure 351 contacts or is positioned near the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 320, and the lower portion (having a larger diameter) of the first conduit structure 351 contacts or is positioned near the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 320. The upper portion of the first conduit structure 351 may be positioned above the renal vein 325, and the lower portion of the first conduit structure 351 may be positioned below the renal vein 325. This results in the central portion (having a smaller diameter) of the first conduit structure 351 being positioned near the renal vein 325. In some embodiments, one or more anchors are attached to the inferior vena cava 320 (above and / or below the anchor structure 350) and to the anchor structure 350 to hold the anchor structure 350 in a substantially fixed position. Similarly, one or more anchors are attached to the aorta 330 (above and / or below the first expandable chamber structure 370) and to the first expandable chamber structure 370 to hold the first expandable chamber structure 370 in a substantially fixed position.

[0074] Although Figure 3Not shown, but in some embodiments, device 340 may include a port for connection to a control device configured to control one or more characteristics of device 340. For example, the first expandable chamber structure 370 and / or the second expandable chamber structure 355 may be connected to a control device (which may include processing circuitry and / or memory) located outside the human body, such as on or within the skin layer. The control device may regulate the pressure or fluid in the first expandable chamber structure 370 and / or the second expandable chamber structure 355, such as the amount of fluid within expandable chamber structures 370 and 355. By doing so, the control device may regulate the blood flow rate that device 340 is capable of pumping, the pressure required to initiate blood pumping, or various other characteristics of device 340. In some embodiments, the control device may enable the fluid within the first expandable chamber structure 370 and / or the second expandable chamber structure 355 to be replaced. In some cases, the control device may include an external injection port to facilitate such replacement.

[0075] Figures 4-1 to 4-6 The illustration shows components of an example apparatus configured to pump fluid according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 4-1 An example upper portion 451A of the first conduit structure 451 is illustrated. The upper portion 451A may include a fluid control device 453, such as a one-way valve, orifice, or other structure. The end portion 461 of the upper portion 451A may be configured to connect to... Figure 4-2 The lower portion 451B of the first conduit structure 451 shown. The upper portion 451A can be connected to the lower portion 451B in various ways, such as by threads, adhesives, or other attachment mechanisms. Therefore, the upper portion 451A and / or the lower portion 451B may include threads or other attachment mechanisms.

[0077] Figure 4-2 The lower portion 451B of the first conduit structure 451 is illustrated. The end portion 463 of the lower portion 451B can be configured to connect to the upper portion 451A of the first conduit structure 451 via various mechanisms, as described above. Although the upper portion 451A and the lower portion 451B are illustrated as separate components, in some embodiments, the upper portion 451A and the lower portion 451B form a single unified form or are connected at other locations.

[0078] Figure 4-3 An example of a second conduit structure 452 is illustrated, which is configured to be associated with a first conduit structure 451. As shown, the second conduit structure 452 has a generally cylindrical shape and includes a hole 454 around the circumference of the second conduit structure 452. The hole 454 extends radially through the second conduit structure 452. Although a specific number of holes 454 is illustrated, any number of holes can be implemented.

[0079] Figure 4-4 An example of a second expandable chamber structure 455 is illustrated, which is configured to be implemented together with a first conduit structure 451 and a second conduit structure 452. Here, the second expandable chamber structure 455 is shown in a generally compressed state. In the compressed state, the second expandable chamber structure 455 may include a generally cylindrical form having a lip 462 extending radially from the body of the second expandable chamber structure 455.

[0080] Figure 4-5 An example valve structure 456 is illustrated, configured to be implemented together with a first conduit structure 451, a second conduit structure 452, and a second expandable chamber structure 455 to impede or allow fluid flow through an orifice 454. The valve structure 456 may include a generally cylindrical form and a lip 464 extending radially from the body of the valve structure 456. In some embodiments, the valve structure 456 may have a diameter larger than the diameter of the second expandable chamber structure 455 in its constricted state. This allows the valve structure 456 to be disposed around the second expandable chamber structure 455.

[0081] Figure 4-6 An example first expandable chamber structure 470 is illustrated, which is configured to be implemented together with a second expandable chamber structure 455. The first expandable chamber structure 470 may include a generally cylindrical form, as shown. The first expandable chamber structure 470 may include a structure that encloses the fluid. The first expandable chamber structure 470 may include a first end 465 and a second end 466. Although not shown, the first expandable chamber structure 470 may be connected to the second expandable chamber structure 455 via a conduit or other mechanism. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first expandable chamber structure 470 and the second expandable chamber structure 455 form a unified form.

[0082] Although the upper part 451A, lower part 451B, second conduit structure 452, second expandable chamber structure 455, valve structure 456, and first expandable chamber structure 470 are shown in a generally cylindrical form, these components can include a variety of forms (e.g., in an expanded / contracted state). For example, any of these components can be implemented in a superrectangular, elliptical, or other form.

[0083] Figures 5-1 to 5-3 The illustration depicts an example diastolic aspect of the cardiac cycle of a device 540 configured to pump fluid according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2 The diagram illustrates the state of device 540 when the aortic pressure is at or near its minimum value, and... Figure 5-3The graph 580 shows the aortic pressure in mmHg versus time in seconds. Point 582 on graph 580 shows the time when the aortic pressure is at its minimum.

[0084] like Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2 As shown, the device 540 includes a first expandable chamber structure 570 and a second expandable chamber structure 555, the second expandable chamber structure 555 being in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure 570 via a pipe structure 560. Figure 5-2 As shown, when implanted, a first expandable chamber structure 570 is located within the aorta 530, and a second expandable chamber structure 555 is located within the inferior vena cava 520, wherein a conduit structure 560 extends through the walls of the aorta 530 and the inferior vena cava 520. The device 540 also includes a first conduit structure 551, a second conduit structure 552, a valve structure 556, and an aspiration cavity 557 between the first conduit structure 551 and the second conduit structure 552. In some embodiments, when implanted, the upper portion (having a larger diameter) of the first conduit structure 551 contacts or is placed near the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 520, the central portion (having a smaller diameter) of the first conduit structure 551 is located around the renal vein 525, and the lower portion (having a larger diameter) of the first conduit structure 551 contacts or is placed near the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 520. In this position, the device 540 can be sealed against the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 520 to form an aspiration zone around the renal vein 525, which facilitates the aspiration of blood from the renal vein 525, as described below. This aspiration zone can be at least partially created by the hourglass shape of the device 540.

[0085] In some embodiments, the device 540 may operate based on changes in aortic blood pressure (e.g., an increase or decrease in pressure within the aorta 530). For example, during diastole, aortic blood pressure decreases (e.g., during diastole). Figure 5-3 (As shown) and the heart (not shown) is refilled with blood by drawing blood through the inferior vena cava 520 and other vessels. As the aortic blood pressure decreases, the first expandable chamber structure 570 expands, causing the second expandable chamber structure 555 to contract and the valve structure 556 to shift radially inward away from the orifice 554 in the second conduit structure 552 (e.g., opening the orifice 554 for fluid flow). This creates suction in the suction cavity 557, which causes the fluid control device 553 in the first conduit structure 551 (which may be implemented as a one-way valve) to close and prevent blood from the inferior vena cava 520 from flowing down into the suction cavity 557. This suction also draws blood from the renal vein 525 through the orifice 554 and into the suction cavity 557. Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2The illustration shows the state of device 540 during diastole when the first expandable chamber structure 570 expands and the second expandable chamber structure 555 contracts (e.g., when the aortic pressure is at or near its minimum). Figure 5-2 As shown, during diastole, blood can also flow normally through the inferior vena cava 520 by passing through the internal portion of the device 540 (e.g., through the lumen at the center of the first conduit structure 551). Figure 5-2 The dark arrows in the diagram indicate blood flow during diastole (e.g., blood flow from the renal vein 525 into the aspiration cavity 557 and blood flow through the central lumen in the first conduit structure 551).

[0086] In some embodiments, blood collected from the renal vein 525 into the aspiration cavity 557 during diastole is pumped out of the aspiration cavity 557 during systole (via the fluid control device 553 in the first conduit structure 551), as described below. However, in some embodiments, the blood collected in the aspiration cavity 557 may be at least partially pumped out of the aspiration cavity 557 during diastole (via the fluid control device 553).

[0087] Figures 6-1 to 6-3 The illustration depicts an example systolic phase aspect of the cardiac cycle of a device 640 configured to pump fluid according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2 The diagram illustrates the state of device 640 when the aortic pressure is at or near its maximum value, and... Figure 6-3 The graph 680 shows aortic pressure in mmHg versus time in seconds. Point 682 on graph 680 shows the time when the aortic pressure is at its maximum.

[0088] like Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2 As shown, the device 640 includes a first expandable chamber structure 670 and a second expandable chamber structure 655, the second expandable chamber structure 655 being in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure 670 via a pipe structure 660. Figure 6-2As shown, when implanted, a first expandable chamber structure 670 is located within the aorta 630, and a second expandable chamber structure 655 is located within the inferior vena cava 620, wherein a conduit structure 660 extends through the walls of the aorta 630 and the inferior vena cava 620. The device 640 also includes a first conduit structure 651, a second conduit structure 652, a valve structure 656, and an aspiration cavity 657 between the first conduit structure 651 and the second conduit structure 652. In some embodiments, when implanted, the upper portion (having a larger diameter) of the first conduit structure 651 contacts or is placed near the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 620, the central portion (having a smaller diameter) of the first conduit structure 651 is located around the renal vein 625, and the lower portion (having a larger diameter) of the first conduit structure 651 contacts or is placed near the inner surface of the inferior vena cava 620. In such a location, the device 640 can create an aspiration zone around the renal vein 625 to draw blood from the renal vein 625, as referenced above. Figures 5-1 to 5-3 The subject of discussion.

[0089] In some embodiments, the device 640 may operate based on changes in aortic blood pressure (e.g., an increase or decrease in pressure within the aorta 630). For example, during systole, aortic blood pressure increases (e.g., during systole). Figure 6-3 As shown in the diagram, the heart (not shown) pumps blood through the aorta 630 and other blood vessels. As aortic blood pressure increases, the first expandable chamber structure 670 contracts (e.g., is compressed), causing the second expandable chamber structure 655 to expand radially and the valve structure 656 to shift radially outward to block the orifice 654 in the second conduit structure 652. Thus, the valve structure 655 prevents blood from flowing from the renal vein 625 into the suction cavity 657. Furthermore, as the second expandable chamber structure 655 expands, the pressure in the suction cavity 652 increases, causing the fluid control device 653 to open and blood in the suction cavity 657 to be expelled from the suction cavity 657 via the fluid control device 653. In some embodiments, the fluid control device 653 is implemented as a one-way valve that allows blood to flow from the suction cavity 657 into the inferior vena cava 620 (e.g., when the pressure is higher than the amount in the suction cavity 657) and prevents blood from flowing from the inferior vena cava 620 into the suction cavity 657. Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2 The illustration shows the state of device 640 during contraction when the first expandable chamber structure 670 contracts and the second expandable chamber structure 655 expands (e.g., when the aortic pressure is at or near its maximum). Figure 6-2 The dark arrows in the diagram indicate blood flow during contraction (e.g., blood flow from the inhalation cavity 657 into the internal portion of the first conduit structure 651 and the inferior vena cava 620).

[0090] Although Figure 5-2 and Figure 6-2 The diagram illustrates a valve structure, but in some embodiments, no valve structure is implemented and an expandable chamber structure is used to allow or prevent fluid from flowing into the aspiration cavity. For example, device 640 can be implemented without the valve structure 656. Here, a second expandable chamber structure 655 can expand and contract to block and open the orifice 654 (e.g., to prevent or allow blood to flow into the aspiration cavity 657).

[0091] Figures 7A-7B The illustration shows an example expandable chamber structure that can be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 7A A side view of the first expandable chamber structure 770, which is connected to the second expandable chamber structure 755 via a pipe structure 760, is shown. Figure 7B Showing Figure 7A Top views of the first expandable chamber structure 770 and the second expandable chamber structure 755. Although the pipe structure 760 is... Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, but in some embodiments, the pipe structure 760 is not implemented and the first expandable chamber structure 770 is directly connected to the second expandable chamber structure 755.

[0092] The second expandable chamber structure 755 may include an inner surface 780 of a generally cylindrical shape. The diameter of the inner surface 780 may be designed to be the diameter of the pipe structure, and the second expandable chamber structure 755 may be positioned above the pipe structure. In some embodiments where the pipe structure has an hourglass shape, the lower portion 782 of the inner surface 780 may extend radially outward to lie on the lower portion of the pipe structure, and this lower portion may have a slightly larger diameter. In some embodiments, the second expandable chamber structure 755 has a tapered cylindrical shape. For example, when in an expanded or contracted state, the outer surface of the upper portion of the second expandable chamber structure 755 may have a smaller diameter than the outer surface of the middle or lower portion of the second expandable chamber structure 755.

[0093] The first expandable chamber structure 770, the second expandable chamber structure 755, and / or the conduit structure 760 may be filled with fluid. For example, the first expandable chamber structure 770, the second expandable chamber structure 755, and / or the conduit structure 760 may form a closed system filled with brine, air, etc. In some embodiments, the first expandable chamber structure 770, the second expandable chamber structure 755, and / or the conduit structure 760 are filled to a specific pressure (e.g., pressurized). The first expandable chamber structure 770 and the second expandable chamber structure 755 can generally exchange fluid freely based on the pressure applied to the first expandable chamber structure 770 or the second expandable chamber structure 755. For example, if pressure is applied to the outer surface of the first expandable chamber structure 770, this can cause fluid in the first expandable chamber structure 770 to be transferred to the second expandable chamber structure 755. In some embodiments, the first expandable chamber structure 770 (and / or the second expandable chamber structure 755) may be associated with hemodynamic performance similar to that of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP).

[0094] The first expandable chamber structure 770, the second expandable chamber structure 755, and / or the conduit structure 760 may be formed of structures and / or materials configured to expand or contract. In some embodiments, the first expandable chamber structure 770, the second expandable chamber structure 755, and / or the conduit structure 760 may be formed of a flexible mesh or wireframe structure that typically maintains a particular shape unless sufficient force is applied. The mesh or wireframe structure may be formed of metal, plastic, or other materials, and / or may include materials disposed therein, such as silicone, plastic, etc. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first expandable chamber structure 770 and / or the second expandable chamber structure 755 (or the conduit structure 760) may be implemented as compliant or semi-compliant balloons. As described herein, the term "compliant" or "compliant" may refer to the ability of an article to expand and increase in volume with increasing pressure, or the tendency of an article to resist recoil towards its original size when an expansive or compressive force is applied. For example, the compliance of an inflatable chamber structure can refer to its ability to expand in response to applied pressure. In some embodiments, an inflatable chamber structure may have more or less compliance than another inflatable chamber structure. For example, both the first inflatable chamber structure 770 and the second inflatable chamber structure 755 can be implemented as balloons, wherein the second inflatable chamber structure 755 is more compliant (e.g., has greater expansion) than the first inflatable chamber structure 770. However, in other examples, the compliance of the first inflatable chamber structure 770 and the compliance of the second inflatable chamber structure 755 can be switched. In still other embodiments, the first inflatable chamber structure 770 and / or the second inflatable chamber structure 755 (or the tubing structure 760) can be implemented as a non-compliant balloon. Therefore, the first inflatable chamber structure 770 and / or the second inflatable chamber structure 755 (or the tubing structure 760) may have specific compliance characteristics. The first expandable chamber structure 770, the second expandable chamber structure 755, and / or the pipe structure 760 can be formed of various materials, such as polyurethane, silicone, metal, plastic, etc.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first expandable chamber structure 770 and / or the second expandable chamber structure 755 may be designed to expand and / or contract within specific pressure ranges. For example, the first expandable chamber structure 770 may be configured to contract when pressure (within a range of aortic pressures associated with the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle) is applied to the first expandable chamber structure 770, and may be configured to expand when pressure (within a range of aortic pressures associated with the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle) is applied to the first expandable chamber structure 770. Alternatively or additionally, the second expandable chamber structure 755 may be configured to expand in response to pressure applied within a specific range and contract in response to pressure applied within another range.

[0096] Figures 8A-8B An example anchor structure 850 is illustrated, which includes a pipe structure in an attachment configuration and can be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 8A A side view of anchor structure 850 is shown, while Figure 8B A cross-sectional view of the anchor structure 850 is shown. Here, the anchor structure 850 includes a first pipe structure 851 attached to a second pipe structure 852. For example, the second pipe structure 852 is disposed around the central portion of the first pipe structure 851. Although discussed as separate components in many embodiments, the first pipe structure 851 and the second pipe structure 852 may be a single unified component. The first pipe structure 851 may include a fluid control device 853 disposed in the upper part of the first pipe structure 851, for example, in the portion between the minimum diameter and the maximum diameter of the first pipe structure 851. Although the fluid control device 853 is in Figure 8B The fluid control device 853 is shown at the upper position, but it can be located at other locations, such as the central portion 880 of the first conduit structure 851 or the lower portion of the first conduit structure 851. The second conduit structure 852 may include an orifice 854 disposed in the central portion of the second conduit structure 852. Although orifices are discussed, in some embodiments, the orifice 854 may be replaced by a one-way valve or other structure. The first conduit structure 851 and the second conduit structure 852 may be attached to create a cavity 857. In some embodiments, the second conduit structure 852 may contact the first conduit structure 851 at the upper and lower portions, such that fluid can only enter or exit the cavity 857 through the fluid control device 853 and the orifice 854. Although in Figure 8A and Figure 8B A specific number of orifices 854 and fluid control devices 853 are shown, but any number of orifices and / or fluid control devices 853 can be implemented.

[0097] Figures 9A-9B The illustration shows an example pipe structure 952, which has a generally cylindrical shape and can be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 9A A side view of pipe structure 952 is shown, while Figure 9B A cross-sectional view of a pipe structure 952 is shown. The pipe structure 952 may include a hole 954 disposed circumferentially around the pipe structure 952. In some embodiments, for example... Figure 9A and Figure 9BIn the illustrated embodiment, the hole 954 is disposed around the central portion of the pipe structure 952. In other embodiments, the hole 954 may be disposed at other locations on the pipe structure 952. The pipe structure 952 may include a cylinder, wherein the walls of the cylinder have a specific thickness. However, in other embodiments, the pipe structure 952 may have other forms, such as a hyperrectangular form or any other form. In some embodiments, the pipe structure 952 may be configured to have a rigid or semi-rigid structure.

[0098] Figures 10A-10B An example pipe structure 1051 is illustrated, which has a generally hourglass shape and can be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 10A A side view of the pipe structure 1051 is shown, while Figure 10B A cross-sectional view of pipe structure 1051 is shown. Pipe structure 1051 may include an upper portion 1080, a central portion 1081, and a lower portion 1082. As shown, the diameter of the upper portion 1080 (in the direction toward the outer end of the upper portion 1080) increases from the diameter of the central portion 1081 to the maximum diameter of the upper portion 1080. Similarly, the diameter of the lower portion 1082 (in the direction toward the outer end of the lower portion 1082) decreases from the diameter of the central portion 1081 to the maximum diameter of the lower portion 1082. The maximum diameter of both the upper portion 1080 and the lower portion 1082 may be larger than the diameter of the central portion 1081. Furthermore, the diameter of the central portion 1081 may be smaller than the diameter of another pipe structure, for example... Figure 9A and Figure 9B A conduit structure 952 is configured to be disposed around a conduit structure 1051. An upper portion 1080 may include a fluid control device 1053, such as a one-way valve, orifice, etc. The conduit structure 1051 may be formed as a single unified component or various components. The walls of the conduit structure 1051 may have various thicknesses. As shown, the internal portion of the conduit structure 1051 may include a longitudinally extending portion through the conduit structure 1051 to allow fluid to flow axially in either direction through a lumen of the conduit structure 1051 (e.g., an open channel). In some embodiments, the conduit structure 1051 may be configured to have a rigid or semi-rigid structure when deployed.

[0099] Figures 11A-11C An example piping component 1180 is illustrated, which includes a fluid control device 1183 and may be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 11A A perspective view of pipe component 1180 is shown. Figure 11B A top view of pipe component 1180 is shown, and Figure 11C A side view of pipe component 1180 is shown. In some embodiments, pipe component 1180 is implemented as part of an hourglass pipe structure, for example... Figure 10A and Figure 10B The hourglass pipe structure 1051. For example, pipe component 1180 can be attached to... Figure 10A and Figure 10B The central part 1081 of the hourglass pipe structure 1051. For example... Figures 11A-11C As shown, the pipe component 1180 includes a fluid control device 1153, which is circumferentially disposed in the diameter-changing portion 1085 of the pipe component 1180. The fluid control device 1153 may include a one-way valve, an orifice, or other device. For ease of illustration, Figure 11A and Figure 11C (And in various other figures) the fluid control device 1153 is illustrated as an opening, while Figure 11B The fluid control device 1153 is illustrated as a one-way valve. The central portion 1190 of the conduit component 1180 is typically openable to allow fluid to flow axially through the conduit component 1180. However, in some embodiments, the central portion 1190 may include a one-way valve or other components.

[0100] Figures 12A-12C An example valve structure 1256 is illustrated, which has a generally cylindrical shape and can be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 12A A perspective view of valve structure 1256 is shown. Figure 12B A top view of valve structure 1256 is shown, and Figure 12C A side view of valve structure 1256 is shown. In some embodiments, valve structure 1256 may be referred to as a renal vein valve because, when deployed, valve structure 1256 functions to control the flow of blood from the renal vein into the suction chamber of a device for pumping blood. As shown, valve structure 1256 may include a first portion 1280 and a second portion 1281. The second portion 1281 may extend radially such that the distal end of the second portion 1281 has a larger diameter than the first portion 1280 relative to the first portion 1280. The second portion 1281 may be configured to be located on the lower part of the conduit structure, for example... Figure 10A and Figure 10B The lower part 1082 of the conduit structure 1051. The valve structure 1256 can be formed of a flexible material such as plastic, silicone, or other materials, allowing the valve structure 1256 to expand (or shift) radially. Figures 12A-12C In this embodiment, valve structure 1256 includes a tapered end portion 1283 (e.g., a portion with a reduced diameter). However, in other embodiments, valve structure 1256 may not include the tapered portion.

[0101] Figure 13Example expandable chamber structures 1370 and 1355 are illustrated, connected by a conduit structure 1360 and implementable in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Specifically, the first expandable chamber structure 1370 is connected to the second expandable chamber structure 1355 at approximately its central portion. Here, the conduit structure 1360 is relatively short (e.g., less than a distance) to illustrate that the first expandable chamber structure 1370 and the second expandable chamber structure 1355 can be connected in a nearly direct manner, without a passage between the first expandable chamber structure 1370 and the second expandable chamber structure 1355. In some embodiments, the conduit structure 1360 can be completely removed and the first expandable chamber structure 1370 can be connected to the second expandable chamber structure 1355 to form a nearly uniform expandable chamber structure.

[0102] Figure 14 Example inflatable chamber structures 1470 and 1455 are illustrated, which respectively include spring elements 1481 and 1480, and can be implemented in one or more embodiments of this disclosure. Spring elements 1481 and 1480 may be disposed within inflatable chamber structures 1470 and 1455, respectively. Spring elements 1481 and 1480 can serve as chamber support structures supporting inflatable chamber structures 1470 and 1455 (which can be implemented using a balloon), wherein the chamber support structures can be configured to apply outward forces on the inner surfaces of the inflatable chamber structures to resist compression and / or assist in chamber expansion and rebound. In some embodiments, spring elements 1481 and / or 1480 may include metal or plastic frames configured to maintain a particular shape unless sufficient force is applied to them. Although the first inflatable chamber structure 1470 and the second inflatable chamber structure 1455 are... Figure 14 All are illustrated as including a spring element, but in some embodiments, only one expandable chamber structure is associated with the spring element.

[0103] Figures 15-1 to 15-4 The illustration shows a device component implemented using a wireframe structure according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 15-1 The illustration shows a side view of a second pipe structure 1552 configured to be associated with the first pipe structure 1551. Figure 15-2 The illustration shows a side view of a first pipe structure 1551 with a general hourglass shape. Figure 15-3 The illustration shows a side view of valve structure 1556, and Figure 15-4The illustration shows a side view of expandable chamber structures 1570 and 1555 connected by conduit structure 1560. In some embodiments, the wireframe structure includes a partially rigid frame, which may include an expandable metal or plastic frame, such as silicone, plastic, or other flexible materials, covered and / or filled by a cannula or sheath. In some embodiments, the second conduit structure 1552, the first conduit structure 1551, the valve structure 1556, and / or the expandable chamber structures 1570 and 1555 (or any other components discussed herein) may be implemented as stents (sometimes referred to as “stent structures”), such as stents similar to esophageal stents. Stents may include wireframe structures. In compression or compact configurations, stents can be transported to a target implantation site using a catheter, as referenced below. Figures 16-1 to 16-5 Further details are discussed below. In some embodiments, one or more components are attached or constructed in a deployed state, such as... Figure 3 As shown in the example, the component is then compressed or shrunken and transported to the target implantation site. In other embodiments, the component may be compressed or shrunken individually and transported to the target implantation site.

[0104] Figures 16-1 to 16-5 The illustration shows an example procedure for implanting a device into a patient at a target implantation site according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, a catheter-based procedure may be used to implant the device into the patient. For example, the implantation procedure may be similar to a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure using a transvesical approach.

[0105] like Figure 16-1 As shown, guidewire 1680 is introduced into the inferior vena cava 1620 and then into the aorta 1630 surrounding the renal vein 1625 and artery 1635. That is, guidewire 1680 travels upward through the inferior vena cava 1620, through the wall of the inferior vena cava 1620 adjacent to the wall of the aorta 1630, and through the wall of the aorta 1630. Figure 16-1 As shown, the inferior vena cava 1620 is substantially adjacent to the aorta 1630 at the location where the guidewire 1680 passes through the inferior vena cava 1620 and enters the aorta 1630. In some embodiments, the guidewire 1680 is entered into the patient via the femoral vein. However, the guidewire 1680 can be entered into the patient at any location.

[0106] like Figure 16-2 As shown, the first expandable chamber structure 1670 can then be introduced into the aorta 1630 using a guidewire 1680 and / or a catheter (not shown). For example, the first expandable chamber structure 1670 can be implemented using a wireframe structure (e.g., a stent structure) that is compressed or tightened to implant the first expandable chamber structure 1670 into the aorta 1630 near the renal vein 1625. Figure 16-2The diagram illustrates the first expandable chamber structure 1670 in a compressed or constricted state. (See diagram 1670 for details.) Figure 16-3 As shown, once the first expandable chamber structure 1670 is located within the aorta 1630, the first expandable chamber structure 1670 expands to a deployed state (e.g., the stent structure of the first expandable chamber structure 1670 expands), such as the state in which the first expandable chamber structure 1670 functions to pump blood.

[0107] like Figure 16-4 As shown, the catheter can then be used with guidewire 1680 to introduce the second expandable chamber structure 1650 into the inferior vena cava 1620. For example, the second expandable chamber structure 1650 can be implemented using a wireframe structure (e.g., a stent structure) that is compressed or tightened to implant the second expandable chamber structure 1650 into the inferior vena cava 1620 at or near the renal vein 1625. Figure 16-4 The illustration shows a second expandable chamber structure 1650 in a compressed or constricted state. The second expandable chamber structure 1650 can be introduced into the inferior vena cava 1620 along with other components, such as anchor structures and / or (one or more) conduit structures. In some embodiments, the second expandable chamber structure 1650 is implanted along with a set of components, such as... Figure 3 The examples shown are connected to each other in a configuration that will use a second expandable chamber structure 1650. Once connected in this configuration, the components are compressed or tightened into a set and then implanted into the inferior vena cava 1620.

[0108] After implantation at or near the renal vein 1625, the second expandable chamber structure 1650 expands to a deployed state, such as a state where the second expandable chamber structure 1650 functions to pump blood. The second expandable chamber structure 1650 may be connected to the first expandable chamber structure 1670 at different times via the conduit structure 1660, for example, whenever the second expandable chamber structure 1650 is within (e.g., a predetermined distance) of the first expandable chamber structure 1670 in a compressed or expanded state. In some embodiments, the conduit structure 1660 is implanted together with the first expandable chamber structure 1670 and / or the second expandable chamber structure 1650, or implanted separately within the wall of the inferior vena cava 1620 and the wall of the aorta 1630. Figure 16-5 The illustration shows a second expandable chamber structure 1650 and a first expandable chamber structure 1670 in a connected and deployed state, wherein the first expandable chamber structure 1670 and the second expandable chamber structure 1650 function to pump blood within the inferior vena cava 1620. For example, the first expandable chamber structure 1670 and the second expandable chamber structure 1650 can operate collaboratively to draw blood from the renal vein 1625 and pump the blood upward through the inferior vena cava 1620 back to the heart (not shown).

[0109] Figure 17 An example procedure 1700 for implanting a vascular pump into one or more blood vessels of a patient, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, is illustrated. Procedure 1700 may be performed to increase diastolic pressure, which may include pressure in the right atrium, pressure in the left ventricle, pressure in the inferior vena cava (or any part of the ventricular system, including one or more renal veins), or other pressures associated with the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle (or any other phase of the cardiac cycle). In some embodiments, procedure 1700 may be performed to implant the vascular pump into a first fluid vessel such as the aorta and a second fluid vessel such as the inferior vena cava. For ease of discussion, many embodiments discussed below may refer to the aorta and the inferior vena cava.

[0110] At position 1702, the guidewire can be advanced through the wall of the second fluid vessel and / or the wall of the first fluid vessel. For example, the guidewire can be advanced through the inferior vena cava to a location within a renal vein in the inferior vena cava. In some embodiments, the guidewire can be entered into the patient via the femoral vein. However, the guidewire can be entered into the patient at any location and advanced through the inferior vena cava (or another fluid vessel) to reach the target implantation location.

[0111] At 1704, the first expandable chamber structure can be deployed in the patient's first fluid vessel. For example, the first expandable chamber structure can be deployed in the patient's aorta by using a guidewire to advance a delivery catheter through the inferior vena cava into the aorta and deploying the first expandable chamber structure connected to the delivery catheter into the aorta.

[0112] At 1706, a second expandable chamber structure can be deployed in the patient's second fluid vessel. For example, a second expandable chamber structure can be deployed in the patient's inferior vena cava by advancing a delivery catheter or another delivery catheter through the inferior vena cava to the target implantation location using a guidewire or another guidewire and deploying the second expandable chamber structure connected to the delivery catheter into the inferior vena cava. The second expandable chamber structure can be connected to the first expandable chamber structure via a conduit extending through the walls of the aorta and the inferior vena cava. Once connected, the second expandable chamber structure can be in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure. In some embodiments, the second expandable chamber structure can be deployed in the inferior vena cava to axially overlap at least a portion of the renal vein into the inferior vena cava.

[0113] At 1708, fluid can be pumped into a first fluid vessel and / or a second fluid vessel using a first expandable chamber structure and / or a second expandable chamber structure. For example, blood can be aspirated from a renal vein into an aspiration cavity associated with the second expandable chamber structure during diastole and pumped out of the aspiration cavity during systole. In some embodiments, blood can be aspirated into the aspiration cavity by expanding the first expandable chamber structure and contracting the second expandable chamber structure, and blood can be pumped out of the aspiration cavity by contracting the first expandable chamber structure and expanding the second expandable chamber structure.

[0114] The various embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described herein include a variety of features. It should be understood that a given embodiment may not include all features illustrated or described in connection with that embodiment, and may include one or more additional features shown or described in connection with one or more other embodiments. That is, features of the embodiments illustrated and / or described in this disclosure may be combined in any desired combination within the scope of this disclosure.

[0115] Additional features and embodiments

[0116] The foregoing description of embodiments of this disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to the precise forms described above. While specific embodiments and examples have been described above for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications can be made within the scope of this disclosure, as will be recognized by those skilled in the art. For example, although processes or blocks are presented in a given order, alternative embodiments may execute routines with steps in a different order, or employ a system with blocks, and some processes or blocks may be deleted, moved, added, subdivided, combined, and / or modified. Each of these processes or blocks can be implemented in various different ways. Furthermore, although processes or blocks are sometimes shown as being executed sequentially, these processes or blocks may alternatively be executed in parallel or may be executed at different times.

[0117] This document uses certain positional terms for various disclosed embodiments. While certain spatial relative terms, such as “external,” “internal,” “upper,” “lower,” “below,” “above,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” and similar terms, are used herein to describe the spatial relationship of one device / element or anatomical structure relative to another device / element or anatomical structure, it should be understood that these terms are used herein for ease of description to describe the positional relationship between (one or more) elements / structures, as illustrated. In addition to the orientations depicted in the figures, spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of (one or more) elements / structures in use or operation. For example, an element / structure described as “above” another element / structure may indicate a position below or adjacent to such another element / structure relative to the alternating orientation of the subject / patient or element / structure, and vice versa.

[0118] The conditional language used herein, such as “can,” “could,” “might,” “may,” “e.g.,” etc., unless expressly stated otherwise or otherwise understood in the context in which they are used, is intended, in its usual sense, and generally is intended to convey that certain embodiments include certain features, elements, and / or steps that are not included in other embodiments. Therefore, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements, and / or steps are necessary in any way for one or more embodiments, or that one or more embodiments must include logic for determining, with or without author input or prompting, whether such features, elements, and / or steps are included in or will be performed in any particular embodiment.

[0119] It should be understood that certain ordinal terms (e.g., “first” or “second”) may be provided for ease of reference and do not necessarily imply physical characteristics or order. Therefore, as used herein, ordinal terms used to modify elements such as structures, components, operations (e.g., “first,” “second,” “third,” etc.) do not necessarily indicate the element’s priority or order relative to any other element, but generally distinguish that element from another element with a similar or identical name (but using ordinal terms). Furthermore, as used herein, indefinite articles (“a” and “an”) can mean “one or more” rather than “one”. Additionally, an operation performed “based on” a condition or event can also be performed based on one or more other conditions or events not explicitly listed. In some contexts, describing an operation or event as “based on” or “at least partially based on” the occurrence or execution of said event or condition can be interpreted as being triggered by or in response to said event or condition.

[0120] Regarding the various methods and processes disclosed herein, although certain sequences of operations or steps are illustrated and / or described, it should be understood that the various steps and operations shown and described can be performed in any suitable or desired temporal order. Furthermore, any illustrated and / or described operation or step may be omitted from any given method or process, and illustrated / described methods and processes may include additional operations or steps not explicitly illustrated or described.

[0121] It should be understood that in the above description of the embodiments, various features are sometimes combined together in a single embodiment, drawing, or description therein in order to simplify the disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, this method of disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that any claim requires more features than expressly listed in that claim. Furthermore, any component, feature, or step illustrated and / or described in the specific embodiments herein may be applied to or used with one or more other embodiments. Moreover, for each embodiment, no component, feature, step, or group of components, features, or steps is required or indispensable. Therefore, the scope of the invention disclosed herein and subsequently claimed should not be limited to the specific embodiments described above, but should be determined only through a reasonable reading of the appended claims.

[0122] Unless the context explicitly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the terms “comprise,” “comprising,” “have,” “having,” “include,” “including,” etc., shall be interpreted in an open and inclusive sense rather than a closed, exclusive, or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of “including but not limited to.”

[0123] As is generally used herein, the term “coupled” refers to two or more elements that may be physically, mechanically, and / or electrically connected or otherwise associated, whether directly or indirectly (e.g., through one or more intermediate elements, components, and / or devices). Furthermore, when used herein, the terms “this article,” “above,” “below,” and similar terms should refer to the entirety of this application, including any disclosure incorporated by reference, and not to any particular part of this disclosure. Where the context permits, singular or plural terms used in this disclosure may also include the plural or singular, respectively.

[0124] The word “or” refers to a list of two or more items, and encompasses all of the following interpretations: any item in the list, all items in the list, and any combination of items in the list. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “and / or” used between elements (e.g., between the last two items in a list of elements) refers to any one or more referenced / related elements. For example, the phrase “A, B and / or C” means “A,” “B,” “C,” “A and B,” “A and C,” “B and C,” or “A, B and C.”

[0125] As used herein, the terms “approximately” and “about” provide industry-recognized tolerances for the correlation between their corresponding terms and / or items. For some industries, industry-recognized tolerances are less than 1%, while for others they may be 10% or more. Other examples of industry-recognized tolerances range from less than 1% to 50%. Industry-recognized tolerances correspond to, but are not limited to, part values, integrated circuit process variations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, thermal noise, dimensions, signal errors, dropped data packets, temperature, pressure, material composition, and / or performance metrics. Within an industry, the tolerance variation of recognized tolerances may be greater than or less than a percentage level (e.g., less than approximately + / - 1% for dimensional tolerances). Some correlations between items may range from less than a percentage level to several percentage point differences. Other correlations between items may range from several percentage point differences to orders of magnitude of difference.

[0126] One or more embodiments have been described above using method steps that illustrate the execution of specified functions and their relationships. For ease of description, the boundaries and sequences of these functional building blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein. Alternative boundaries and sequences can be defined as long as the specified functions and relationships are properly performed. Therefore, any such alternative boundaries or sequences are within the scope and spirit of the claims. Furthermore, for ease of description, the boundaries of these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein. Alternative boundaries can be defined as long as certain important functions are properly performed. Similarly, flowchart blocks may also be arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certain important functions.

[0127] Within the scope of use, flowchart block boundaries and sequences may be defined in other ways and still perform certain important functions. Therefore, such alternative definitions of both functional building blocks and flowchart blocks, as well as sequences, are within the scope and spirit of the claims. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that the functional building blocks and other illustrative blocks, modules, and components described herein can be implemented as illustrated or by discrete components, application-specific integrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software, etc., or any combination thereof.

[0128] This document uses one or more embodiments to illustrate one or more aspects, features, concepts, and / or examples. Physical embodiments of devices, articles of manufacture, machines, and / or processes may include one or more aspects, features, concepts, examples, etc., described with reference to one or more embodiments discussed herein. Furthermore, from figure to figure, embodiments may incorporate functions, steps, modules, etc., with the same or similar names, and may use the same, related, or unrelated reference numerals. Related features, elements, functions, operations, modules, etc., may be the same or similar functions, or may be unrelated.

Claims

1. An intervascular fluid pump, comprising: A first expandable chamber structure is configured to be implanted into a first fluid vessel; as well as A second expandable chamber structure is configured to be implanted within a second fluid vessel adjacent to the first fluid vessel, the second expandable chamber structure extending longitudinally and in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure. The compression of the first expandable chamber structure causes the expansion of the second expandable chamber structure.

2. The intervascular fluid pump according to claim 1, further comprising: The first pipe structure has an hourglass-shaped profile and a longitudinally extending lumen; as well as A second conduit structure extends longitudinally and includes one or more radially extending holes, the second conduit structure being configured to receive at least a portion of the first conduit structure and be longitudinally aligned with the first conduit structure. The second expandable chamber structure is configured to be disposed between the first pipe structure and the second pipe structure.

3. The intervascular fluid pump according to claim 2, further comprising: A valve structure configured to be longitudinally aligned with the first conduit structure and configured to be disposed between the second expandable chamber structure and the second conduit structure, the valve structure being configured to be radially displaced to block the one or more orifices of the second conduit structure when the second expandable chamber structure expands.

4. The intervascular fluid pump of claim 3, wherein one or more of the second expandable chamber structure and the valve structure have a conical cylindrical shape.

5. The intervascular fluid pump of claim 2, wherein the first conduit structure includes one or more one-way valves disposed at at least one end of the first conduit structure.

6. The intervascular fluid pump according to claim 5, wherein, In the deployed state, the first pipe structure and the second pipe structure are configured to form an intake cavity between the first pipe structure and the second pipe structure, and wherein the second expandable chamber structure is configured to expand radially to push fluid in the intake cavity through the one or more one-way valves.

7. The intervascular fluid pump according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein one or more of the first expandable chamber structure and the second expandable chamber structure comprises a wireframe structure.

8. The intervascular fluid pump according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a conduit structure that connects the first expandable chamber structure to the second expandable chamber structure by means of fluid.

9. A vascular pump, comprising: A first expandable chamber structure is configured to be implanted into a first fluid vessel; A second expandable chamber structure is configured to be in fluid communication with the first expandable chamber structure; as well as An anchor structure configured to be implanted within a second fluid vessel and to accommodate at least a portion of the second expandable chamber structure. In the deployed state, the second expandable chamber structure is configured to expand to fill at least a portion of the suction cavity within the anchor structure.

10. The vascular pump of claim 9, wherein the first fluid vessel comprises the abdominal aorta and the second fluid vessel comprises the inferior vena cava.

11. The vascular pump according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the cross-section of the first end of the anchor structure has a first diameter, and the cross-section of the central portion of the anchor structure has a second diameter smaller than the first diameter.

12. The vascular pump of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein one or more of the first expandable chamber structure and the second expandable chamber structure comprises a compliant balloon.

13. The vascular pump of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the anchor structure comprises one or more one-way valves configured to allow fluid to flow from the suction cavity into the second fluid vessel when deployed.

14. The vascular pump of claim 9 or claim 10, further comprising a valve structure configured to be disposed within the anchor structure and radially displaced to block one or more holes in the anchor structure when the second expandable chamber structure expands.

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