Geomorphic Remodeling Method and System for Open-Pit Mine Waste Dumps Based on Natural Geographic Features

Abstract

The present application provides a method and system for landform reshaping of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features. The method includes: obtaining the landform features, mining data, and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine waste dump, and collecting the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate reshaping parameters for the open-pit mine waste dump; extracting slope profile lines and slope feature parameters based on the natural geographical features, and performing normal tests and correlation analyses on the slope feature parameters; performing curve fitting on the slope feature parameters, constructing a slope model according to the slope feature parameter curve to simulate the natural landform and construct a landform reshaping model for the open-pit mine waste dump; reshaping the landform of the open-pit mine waste dump according to the reshaping parameters in accordance with the landform reshaping model. This method constructs a landform reshaping model for the open-pit mine waste dump that is similar to the surrounding original landform, making the reshaped landform consistent with the surrounding landform and improving the coordination and stability of the reshaped landform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of mining areas, and particularly to a method and system for landform reshaping of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the degradation of the natural ecological environment is a common challenge faced globally. In the situation where ecological environment problems are becoming increasingly severe and the desertification problem is prominent, the ecological barrier function of the grassland area has been highlighted. However, since the grassland area is usually a large coal-electricity base mainly with open-pit mining, and the high-intensity coal development will bring a series of problems such as surface subsidence, land damage, soil erosion and soil desertification to the originally beautiful grassland. The long-term high-intensity development of regional coal will cause the degradation of the grassland ecology, seriously affecting the energy security of the grassland area and the exertion of the ecological barrier function. Therefore, after the regional coal mining is completed, it is necessary to reconstruct the landform of the mining area and restore the ecological function of the grassland area.

[0003] However, due to the fragile ecological characteristics such as severe cold, semi-arid and poor soil in some grassland areas, the effect of ecological restoration of large coal-electricity bases by the restoration technologies in related technologies under such conditions is poor, and the ecological function recovery of the restored land is weak. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technologies to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the first object of the present application is to propose a method for landform reshaping of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features. The method constructs a model similar to the original ecological environment landform around the mining area according to the collected natural geographical features, and uses it as the model for landform reshaping of the open-pit mine waste dump, so that the reshaped landform of the mining area is consistent with the surrounding landscape landform, improving the coordination and stability of the reshaped landform, and being beneficial to maximizing water and soil conservation and realizing self-maintenance.

[0006] The second object of the present application is to propose a system for landform reshaping of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features;

[0007] The third object of the present application is to propose a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the first aspect embodiment of the present application lies in proposing a method for landform reshaping of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features, and the method includes the following steps:

[0009] Obtain the landform features of the open-pit mine waste dump, the mining data of the mining area and the ecological impact data, and collect the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate the reshaping parameters of the open-pit mine waste dump;

[0010] Extract the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical features, and conduct normal test and correlation analysis on the slope characteristic parameters;

[0011] Perform curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters, construct a slope model according to the slope characteristic parameter curve, and construct a geomorphic reconstruction model of the open-pit dump based on simulating the natural landform;

[0012] Reconstruct the landform of the open-pit dump according to the geomorphic reconstruction model according to the reconstruction parameters.

[0013] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, collect the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area, including: obtain the topographic features and geomorphic features of the surrounding natural area at different times through satellite remote sensing; conduct aerial photography on the surrounding natural area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the topographic elevation data of the surrounding natural area; conduct on-site investigation on the surrounding natural area to collect the topographic features, geomorphic features, hydrological features, meteorological features and climate features of the surrounding natural area.

[0014] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, obtain the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data and ecological impact data of the open-pit dump, including: retrieve the historical exploitation data of the mining area, and obtain the mining area exploitation data according to the historical exploitation data; conduct on-site investigation on the open-pit dump to collect the geomorphic features of the open-pit dump, verify the key information and fuzzy information in the historical exploitation data, and analyze the geology of the open-pit dump.

[0015] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, extract the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical features, including: splice the remote sensing images of the surrounding natural area to obtain the orthophoto map and digital surface model DSM data of the surrounding natural area; remove the vegetation height in the digital surface model DSM data to generate digital elevation model DEM data, and conduct depression filling processing on the digital elevation model DEM data; conduct surface analysis on the depression-filled digital elevation model DEM data to generate the contour lines of the digital elevation model DEM data; extract the slope profile line from the digital elevation model DEM data according to the orthophoto map and contour line distribution, and extract the slope characteristic parameters according to the slope profile line.

[0016] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, extracting a slope profile line from the digital elevation model (DEM) data according to an orthophoto map and contour distribution includes: importing the DEM data into a three-dimensional analysis application to generate a sectional view of the DEM data; based on the orthophoto map and contour distribution, inserting a straight line along the vertical direction of the contour from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope in the sectional view; generating slope profile line data from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope according to the intersection information between the straight line and the DEM data, and exporting the slope profile line data as point data.

[0017] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, extracting slope characteristic parameters according to the slope profile line includes:

[0018] Determining the slope length according to the horizontal distance from the slope vertex to the slope bottom shown by the slope profile line, and determining the slope height according to the vertical distance from the slope vertex to the slope bottom;

[0019] Judging the slope type according to the slope shape. If the slope type is a convex slope or a concave slope, generating an arc that fits the slope shape, and calculating the curvature of the arc to obtain the convex surface curvature or concave surface curvature of the slope; if the slope type is an inverse S-shaped slope, an S-shaped slope or a double convex slope, calculating the inflection points of the slope profile line. In the case of an inverse S-shaped slope, dividing the inverse S-shaped slope into an upper convex surface and a lower concave surface according to the inflection points; in the case of an S-shaped slope, dividing the S-shaped slope into an upper concave surface and a lower convex surface according to the inflection points; in the case of a double convex slope, dividing the double convex slope into an upper convex surface and a lower convex surface according to the inflection points.

[0020] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application also proposes a geomorphic remodeling system for an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features, including the following modules:

[0021] An acquisition module, configured to acquire the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine waste dump, and collect the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate the remodeling parameters of the open-pit mine waste dump;

[0022] An extraction module, configured to extract a slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical features, and perform a normal test and correlation analysis on the slope characteristic parameters;

[0023] A construction module, configured to perform curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters, construct a slope model according to the slope characteristic parameter curve, and simulate the natural landform to construct the geomorphic remodeling model of the open-pit mine waste dump;

[0024] A reshaping module, configured to reshape the landform of the opencast mine waste dump according to the landform reshaping model based on the reshaping parameters.

[0025] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module is specifically configured to: obtain the topographic features and geomorphic features of the surrounding natural area at different times through satellite remote sensing; conduct aerial photography of the surrounding natural area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the topographic elevation data of the surrounding natural area; conduct on-site investigation of the surrounding natural area to collect the topographic features, geomorphic features, hydrological features, meteorological features and climate features of the surrounding natural area.

[0026] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module is further configured to: retrieve the historical mining data of the mining area, and obtain the mining data of the mining area according to the historical mining data; conduct on-site investigation of the opencast mine waste dump, collect the geomorphic features of the opencast mine waste dump on-site, verify the key information and ambiguous information in the historical mining data, and analyze the geology of the opencast mine waste dump.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application at least bring the following beneficial effects: The present application first obtains the geomorphic features, mining data and ecological impact data of the opencast mine waste dump, and collects the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate the reshaping parameters of the opencast mine waste dump. Then, based on the natural geographical features, the slope profile line and slope feature parameters are extracted, and the normal test and correlation analysis are performed on the slope feature parameters. Then, curve fitting is performed on the slope feature parameters, and a slope model is constructed according to the slope feature parameter curve to simulate the natural landform and construct the landform reshaping model of the opencast mine waste dump; the landform of the opencast mine waste dump is reshaped according to the reshaping parameters according to the landform reshaping model. Thus, the present application conducts an investigation on the natural landform features and ecological impacts of the research area including the mining area to be reshaped and its surrounding original natural area, determines the reshaping and renovation parameters of the waste dump, and then based on the numerical simulation and construction technology of natural geographical features, constructs a model similar to the original ecological environment landform of the surrounding area of the mining area according to the collected natural geographical features as the model for landform reshaping of the opencast mine waste dump, determines the renovation direction and specific reshaping implementation methods according to the reshaping and renovation parameters, and reshapes the landform of the opencast mine waste dump according to the landform reshaping model, so that the reshaped mining area landform is consistent with the surrounding landscape landform, improves the coordination and stability of the reshaped landform, and enables the reshaped landform of the opencast mine waste dump to have the maximum water and soil conservation, low maintenance and self-maintenance capabilities.

[0028] To implement the above embodiments, a third aspect embodiment of the present application also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for reshaping the landform of the opencast mine waste dump based on natural geographical features in the above embodiments.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for geomorphic reconstruction of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features proposed for an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a specific method for extracting slope profile lines and slope characteristic parameters proposed for an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a specific method for geomorphic reconstruction of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features proposed for an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a geomorphic reconstruction system of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features proposed for an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that, in view of the technical problem that the ecological restoration effect of the large coal-electricity base by the restoration technology in the related art is poor and the ecological function of the restored land is weakly restored, the method for geomorphic reconstruction of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features proposed in the present application, in view of the natural areas around the open-pit mine waste dump and the topographic and geomorphic characteristics of the mine, relying on mining design, mining technology and land damage methods, through measures such as geomorphic reconstruction and land shaping, reshapes a micro-geomorphology that is coordinated with the surrounding landscape, maximally inhibits soil erosion, and eliminates and alleviates the disaster-limiting factors that affect vegetation restoration and land productivity improvement.

[0037] This application uses the natural geomorphic morphological features as the reference system and practical goal for the ecological restoration of the mining area. By imitating the surrounding mature and undisturbed geomorphology, a natural slope is constructed in the reclamation area, which can reduce the possibility of surface erosion. In the land reclamation and ecological restoration of the mining area, the reshaped terrain should be consistent with the surrounding landscape geomorphology in terms of hydrology, ecology, and vision, and can maintain long-term relative stability. The slopes and terrain designed based on the natural geomorphic morphology make the recreated land landscape more coordinated and stable, and can achieve good visual effects, reasonable ecological structure, and economy.

[0038] The following describes a method and system for reshaping the landform of an open-pit mine dump based on natural geographical features proposed in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 The flowchart of a method for reshaping the landform of an open-pit mine dump based on natural geographical features proposed in the embodiments of this application is as Figure 1 shown, and the method includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 101, obtain the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data, and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine dump, and collect the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate the reshaping parameters of the open-pit mine dump.

[0041] Among them, the natural geographical features include but are not limited to the micro-topography, geomorphology, hydrology, meteorology, and climate and other features of the original area around the mining area under natural conditions. The geomorphic features also include relatively small micro-geomorphic features, such as traces on the soil slope, etc.

[0042] Among them, the mining area exploitation data refers to the parameters related to the mining area during the entire process from design, construction, coal mining to mine closure. For example, the mining area exploitation data can include mine design parameters and mine construction parameters, etc. The ecological impact data refers to the changes in ecological factors such as water, soil, and vegetation in the mining area caused by coal development.

[0043] Specifically, in an embodiment of this application, collecting the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area may include the following steps: obtaining the topographic features and geomorphic features of the surrounding natural area at different times through satellite remote sensing; conducting aerial photography of the surrounding natural area by an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the topographic elevation data of the surrounding natural area; conducting on-site surveys of the surrounding natural area to collect the topographic features, geomorphic features, hydrological features, meteorological features, and climate features of the surrounding natural area. In this example, a natural geographical feature can be collected through multiple methods. For example, the geomorphic features of the natural area can be collected through satellite remote sensing and on-site surveys to verify each other and improve the accuracy of data collection. The sequence relationship of each step is not limited.

[0044] Specifically, the present application uses satellite remote sensing technology to obtain remote sensing satellite images of different time stages in the study area, and obtains the terrain features and geomorphic features of the surrounding natural areas shown in the images by analyzing satellite image pictures of each time period. Since satellite remote sensing has the characteristics of high viewpoint, wide field of view, repeatable and continuous observation, the remote sensing satellite images of different time stages can be used to analyze the specific features of the landforms of the entire study area, as well as the changing trends of the geomorphic features at different stages. The present application uses drone aerial survey technology to perform aerial photogrammetry, which can obtain real-time high-definition images of the study area, and can also quickly obtain elevation terrain data of the study area by measuring distance using drones. The present application conducts on-site surveys of the surrounding natural areas, which means conducting on-site surveys and measurements on-site with the help of surveying equipment, so as to fully grasp the existing actual conditions of the surrounding landforms, for example, obtaining elevation data of slopes in natural areas with higher measurement accuracy in real time through real-time differential positioning (Real-time kinematic, referred to as RTK) instruments.

[0045] It should be noted that, since the remodeling method of this application is to renovate the reclaimed mine dump to be consistent with the surrounding landscape, this application takes the entire original natural area around the open-pit mine dump and the mining area that has not been disturbed by coal development as the study area. In the embodiments of this application, when collecting the landforms and other features of the study area, the landforms of the mining area and the surrounding natural areas can be collected in the same way. For example, when obtaining the natural geographical features of the entire study area through satellite remote sensing and drone aerial photography, in addition to collecting the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural areas, the landform features of the open-pit mine dump can also be obtained by the above method.

[0046] Furthermore, when obtaining the geomorphological features, mining data and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine dump, as a possible implementation method, the historical mining data of the mining area can be retrieved, the mining data of the mining area can be obtained based on the historical mining data, and the open-pit mine dump can be surveyed on-site to collect the geomorphological features of the open-pit mine dump on-site, verify the key information and ambiguous information in the historical mining data, and analyze the geology of the open-pit mine dump.

[0047] Specifically, in this example, the historical mining data of the mining area may include data related to mining in the mining area, such as topographic maps of the mining area, mine design drawings, and mine construction records. Through the investigation and analysis of the mine technical data, this application can obtain mine design and construction parameters from the existing data, and analyze the spoil ground parameters of the mining area, which is convenient for determining the construction method of landform reconstruction according to the current situation of the spoil ground in the follow-up. This application also combines the drawing data it has mastered to conduct on-site surveys of the open-pit mine spoil ground, so as to collect the landform characteristics of the open-pit mine spoil ground on-site, and conduct on-site verification of the relatively vague information and key information recorded in the above historical mining data, ensuring the accuracy of the landform characteristics and parameters of the obtained spoil ground. Among them, the implementation method of the on-site survey of the open-pit mine spoil ground can refer to the method of on-site survey of the surrounding natural areas. Different from this, when conducting an on-site survey of the open-pit mine spoil ground, the ecological impact of the spoil ground area is also investigated, and geological mining data of the spoil ground can also be collected on-site for the analysis of the geology of the spoil ground. For example, the waste dumped on the spoil ground can be collected on-site or ores can be sampled, and the physical and chemical properties of the sampled waste can be analyzed. Through the analysis of the geological mining data, the formation reasons and main influencing factors of the current topography and landform of the spoil ground can be mastered, which is convenient for inferring the renovation direction of the natural-like micro-landform during subsequent landform reconstruction.

[0048] Thus, this application takes the natural geographical characteristics of the surrounding natural areas collected, combined with the landform characteristics, mining area exploitation data, and ecological impact data of the spoil ground obtained through investigation and data analysis as the reconstruction parameters for the open-pit mine spoil ground. According to the obtained reconstruction parameters, the renovation direction and specific renovation implementation methods can be determined in the follow-up.

[0049] Step 102: Extract the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical characteristics, and conduct normal distribution tests and correlation analyses on the slope characteristic parameters.

[0050] It should be noted that in order to imitate and reconstruct the landform of the spoil ground into the landform of the surrounding adjacent mature and undisturbed natural areas, after obtaining the natural geographical characteristics of the surrounding natural areas, this application conducts numerical simulations based on the natural geographical characteristics to construct a mathematical model for landform reconstruction of the open-pit mine spoil ground for reconstruction. Among them, building a natural-style slope in the spoil ground that imitates the natural slopes of the surrounding areas can reduce the possibility of surface erosion. Therefore, this application takes the establishment of a slope model corresponding to the natural slope as an example to describe the method of establishing the landform reconstruction model of the open-pit mine spoil ground.

[0051] Specifically, since the natural slope model is relatively complex and it is impossible to carry out reconstruction work based on it in practical applications, this application abstracts slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical characteristics to construct a slope model with a simpler structure corresponding to the natural slope model proposed in this application.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, in order to more clearly illustrate the manner of extracting the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on natural geographical features in the present application, the present application also proposes a specific method for extracting the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters. Figure 2 The flowchart of a specific method for extracting the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters proposed for the embodiment of the present application is as Figure 2 shown, and the method includes:

[0053] Step 201: Stitch the remote sensing images of the surrounding natural area to obtain the orthophoto map of the surrounding natural area and the Digital Surface Model (DSM) data.

[0054] Among them, the Digital Surface Model (DSM) refers to a ground elevation model that includes the heights of objects such as surface buildings, bridges, and trees on the ground. The DSM data contains the elevations of other surface information except the ground in the surrounding natural area. The orthophoto is a remote sensing image with orthographic projection properties. Relevant data can be extracted from the natural slope model of the surrounding natural area in the subsequent process based on the orthophoto map and DSM data.

[0055] In specific implementation, it can be processed through aerial image processing software, such as Pix4d mapper. After inputting the obtained remote sensing images into the aerial image processing software, point cloud encryption processing is performed and a three-dimensional mesh texture is generated. The remote sensing images obtained by drone aerial photography and satellite remote sensing, etc., are stitched to obtain the data acquisition area, such as the complete orthophoto and DSM within the flight area of the drone.

[0056] Step 202: Remove the vegetation height in the Digital Surface Model (DSM) data to generate the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, and perform pit filling processing on the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data.

[0057] Among them, the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a solid ground model that only represents the ground elevation through limited terrain elevation data.

[0058] Among them, since the DSM data also includes the elevation data of surface attachments, and the influence of the elevation of attachments needs to be eliminated when performing slope type analysis. In the embodiment of the present application, the remote sensing data of the natural mountain area in the surrounding natural area is obtained, and its surface attachments are surface vegetation. Therefore, it is necessary to first eliminate the vegetation height.

[0059] In specific implementation, as a possible implementation method, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) value of the DSM data can be calculated through a raster calculator, and the arbor plants and herbaceous plants in the DSM data can be visually interpreted by combining the obtained orthophoto image. Then, according to the average height of different types of plants obtained during the on-site investigation in step 101, the elevation of the vegetation coverage area is subtracted by the average height of the corresponding type of covering vegetation to obtain the DEM data of the area where the remote sensing image is acquired.

[0060] Furthermore, when obtaining the remote sensing image of the detection area in practical applications, the acquired data may have errors. For example, when obtaining the remote sensing image, due to the relatively high viewing point, there may be depressions in the acquired remote sensing image that do not exist in the actual terrain. These depressions will cause the shape of the profile line to not conform to the local actual situation when extracting the slope profile line. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the slope model constructed subsequently in this application, it is also necessary to perform depression filling on the generated DEM data.

[0061] In specific implementation, as a possible implementation method, the hydrological analysis can be performed on the original DEM image through the spatial analysis tool (Spatial Analyst) in the geographic information system (GIS) application to preliminarily determine that there are no depressions in the actual site included in the DEM image, and verify it by combining the hydrological characteristics of the surrounding natural area obtained during the on-site investigation in step 101 to determine the final depressions to be eliminated for depression filling, and obtain the DEM data without error depressions after depression filling.

[0062] Step 203: Perform surface analysis on the digital elevation model DEM data after depression filling processing to generate contour lines of the digital elevation model DEM data.

[0063] Among them, the contour line refers to the closed curve connected by adjacent points with equal elevation on the topographic map. The positions of the slope top and slope bottom in the DEM data can be judged through the extracted contour lines.

[0064] In specific implementation, as a possible implementation method, the surface analysis can be performed on the digital elevation model DEM data after depression filling processing through the above-mentioned spatial analysis tool Spatial Analyst. By performing surface analysis with this tool, the points with equal elevation in the DEM data can be determined, and the contour lines can be generated by connecting these points in sequence, so as to quantify and visualize the topographic features represented by the digital elevation model.

[0065] Step 204: Extract the slope profile line from the digital elevation model DEM data according to the orthophoto image and the contour line distribution, and extract the slope characteristic parameters according to the slope profile line.

[0066] Specifically, after contour extraction, a slope body is found from the terrain represented by the quantified digital elevation model (DEM) data, and a slope profile line from the slope top to the slope bottom is extracted. In specific implementation, as a possible implementation method, the DEM data can be imported into a 3D analysis application to generate a cross-sectional view of the DEM data. Then, based on the orthophoto and contour distribution, a straight line is inserted vertically along the contour from the slope top to the slope bottom of the cross-sectional view. Then, according to the intersection information between the straight line and the DEM data, slope profile line data from the slope top to the slope bottom is generated, and the slope profile line data is exported as point data.

[0067] In this example, the 3D analysis application can be the 3D analyst tool in GIS software. After inputting the DEM data into the 3D analyst, an initial cross-sectional view can be generated through the cross-sectional view creation function in the 3D analyst tool. Then, based on the orthophoto and contour distribution obtained in the above steps as the basis for slope profile line extraction, a straight line is inserted vertically along the contour from the slope top to the slope bottom through the line insertion function in the 3D analyst tool. The intersection of the straight line and the DEM data generates cross-sectional data, and thus the DEM data of the slope profile line from the slope top to the slope bottom can be obtained. After generating the slope profile line data, the cross-sectional line DEM data is exported as point data, and the point data can be exported through the export function of the 3D analyst tool. For example, the X parameter in the exported point data information represents the horizontal distance of the point from the starting point, and the Graphic Profile1 parameter represents the elevation of the point. The point data of the slope profile line data is convenient for extracting slope characteristic parameters.

[0068] Furthermore, slope characteristic parameters are extracted according to the slope profile line. Among them, the slope characteristic parameters are a set of parameters used to simulate the slope shape, and different slope types have different slope characteristic parameters. In the embodiment of the present application, the exported point data can be input into computer-aided design software, such as AutoCAD. Through AutoCAD, the slope type is determined according to the point data and the corresponding slope characteristic parameters are extracted.

[0069] In specific implementation, as a possible implementation manner, the slope length is determined according to the horizontal distance from the slope apex to the slope bottom point displayed by the slope profile line in AutoCAD, and the slope height is determined according to the vertical distance from the slope apex to the slope bottom point. Then, the slope type is judged according to the slope shape. If the slope type is a convex slope or a concave slope, an arc that fits the slope shape is generated, and the curvature of the arc is calculated to obtain the convex surface curvature or concave surface curvature of the slope; if the slope type is an inverse S-shaped slope, an S-shaped slope or a double-convex slope, the inflection points of the slope profile line are calculated, and the inverse S-shaped slope is divided into an upper convex surface and a lower concave surface according to the inflection points, or the S-shaped slope is divided into an upper concave surface and a lower convex surface, or the double-convex slope is divided into an upper convex surface and a lower convex surface. Finally, the horizontal ratio and vertical ratio of the upper convex surface are calculated.

[0070] Specifically, in this example, after judging the slope type according to the slope shape, if it is a convex slope or a concave slope, an arc that is consistent with the slope line shape is selected for fitting, and the calculated curvature of the arc is the convex surface curvature or concave surface curvature of the slope. If the slope is an inverse S-shaped slope, an S-shaped slope or a double-convex slope, the slope height is divided into multiple segments, and the inflection points of the slope profile line are obtained according to the length change of each segment. Then, the slope profile line is divided into upper and lower parts according to the inflection points. Among them, the inverse S-shaped slope is the upper convex surface and the lower concave surface, the S-shaped slope is the upper concave surface and the lower convex surface, and the double-convex slope is the upper and lower convex surfaces. Then, by the method of fitting the above arc to the concave surface or convex surface, the convex surface curvature or concave surface curvature of this section of the slope is obtained, and the lengths of the projections of the convex parts of the inverse S-shaped slope and the S-shaped slope on the horizontal and vertical planes are calculated. The lengths of the projections of the convex parts on the horizontal and vertical planes are respectively compared with the corresponding slope length and slope height to determine the ratio, which is the horizontal and vertical ratio of the convex surface. For the double-convex slope, the horizontal and vertical ratios of the upper convex surface are calculated by this method.

[0071] Thus, this method extracts the slope profile line from the slope top to the slope bottom, and extracts the slope characteristic parameters corresponding to the current slope shape according to the slope profile line.

[0072] Furthermore, normal test and correlation analysis are performed on the slope characteristic parameters. Among them, the normal test is to test whether the data conforms to the normal distribution. In the embodiments of the present application, relevant normality test methods can be used. For example, in data analysis software, corresponding charts can be selected for normal curve histogram analysis, Q-Q plot test and Shapiro-Wilk test (abbreviated as S-W test) and other normal tests. Then, after determining that the data of each slope characteristic parameter has the characteristics of normal distribution, bivariate correlation analysis is performed on the slope characteristic parameters. In specific implementation, the slope characteristic parameters with normal distribution can be imported into variables in data analysis software, and the correlation between two variables can be analyzed in turn.

[0073] Step 103: Perform curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters, and construct a slope model based on the slope characteristic parameter curve to simulate the natural landform and construct a geomorphic remodeling model of the open-pit dump yard.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, when performing curve fitting, two relevant sets of slope characteristic parameters can be analyzed first. After performing regression on the data, curve estimation is carried out through multiple candidate curve fitting models. Then, corresponding detection methods are selected to detect the goodness of fit of the fitting formulas corresponding to different models. The curve fitting method with the best goodness of fit is selected from the multiple candidate curve fitting models to perform curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters to generate a slope characteristic parameter curve.

[0075] Specifically, in the application of curve fitting, the functions of analysis, regression, and curve estimation are selected in sequence. Two relevant sets of variables are respectively placed into the independent variable and the dependent variable, and then the models that conform to the current data characteristics are selected to perform curve estimation. Then, according to actual needs, detection methods such as the t-test (Student's t test) or the variance ratio test (F-test, abbreviated as F test) are selected to test the fitting degree of the curves fitted by different models. According to the magnitude of the detected R-squared value, the fitting formula of the target model with the largest R-squared value is determined as the target formula for performing curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters in the present application.

[0076] Furthermore, construct a slope model based on the slope characteristic parameter curve. Specifically, the formula obtained by performing curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters can be used as the fitting formula of the slope model, and then a slope model is constructed according to the fitting formula of the slope model. It can be understood that when the slope characteristic parameters are determined, the corresponding slope can be constructed according to the slope characteristic parameters. Since the natural slope model is relatively complex, the present application abstracts the slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical characteristics of the natural slope to construct a slope model that imitates the natural slope model but has simpler parameters and is easier to construct. That is, the formula obtained by performing curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters is used as the fitting formula of the natural slope model.

[0077] Step 104: Remodel the landform of the open-pit dump yard according to the remodeling parameters according to the geomorphic remodeling model.

[0078] Specifically, after constructing a slope model similar to the original ecological environment landform around the open-pit dump yard, the current landform of the open-pit dump yard is renovated according to this slope model. By performing corresponding construction on the current landform, the slope in the current landform is remodeled into the slope style corresponding to this slope model.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, the rectification direction and specific reshaping implementation methods can be determined based on the reshaping rectification parameters. For example, according to the geological mining data in the reshaping parameters, the formation reasons and main influencing factors of the current topography and geomorphology of the waste dump can be determined, and then the rectification direction of the natural-like microtopography can be determined. Also, for example, according to the ecological impact data in the reshaping parameters, the construction methods that can reduce the regional ecological impact can be determined, or according to the difference between the current geomorphological features of the open-pit mine waste dump in the reshaping parameters and the calculated slope model, the construction plan with the minimum construction volume can be determined, etc.

[0080] Therefore, the geomorphological reshaping method of the open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features in the present application, through technologies such as complex system theory, applied mathematics, and computational simulation, establishes a microtopography mathematical model of the open-pit mine waste dump by means of investigating and analyzing the geomorphological features of the research area. After reshaping the geomorphology of the open-pit mine waste dump according to this model, the reshaped geomorphology is similar to the microtopography of the original surrounding ecological environment.

[0081] In summary, for the geomorphological reshaping method of the open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features in the embodiments of the present application, through the research on the research area including the mining area to be reshaped and its surrounding original natural areas, the natural geomorphological features and ecological impact investigations are carried out, the reshaping rectification parameters of the waste dump are determined, and then based on the numerical simulation and construction technology of natural geographical features, a model similar to the geomorphology of the original ecological environment around the mining area is constructed according to the collected natural geographical features as the model for geomorphological reshaping of the open-pit mine waste dump. The rectification direction and specific reshaping implementation methods are determined according to the reshaping rectification parameters, and the geomorphology of the open-pit mine waste dump is reshaped according to the geomorphological reshaping model, so that the reshaped mining area geomorphology is consistent with the surrounding landscape geomorphology, improving the coordination and stability of the reshaped geomorphology, and enabling the reshaped open-pit mine waste dump geomorphology to have the maximum water and soil conservation, low maintenance, and self-maintenance capabilities.

[0082] To more clearly illustrate the geomorphological reshaping method of the open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features in the embodiments of the present application, a specific embodiment of the geomorphological reshaping method of the open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features will be described in detail below. Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a specific geomorphological reshaping method of the open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features proposed in the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the geomorphological reshaping method includes the following steps:

[0083] First step: Investigate the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural areas, as well as the mining parameters and ecological impacts of the mining area. In this step, surveys can be carried out on the features of microtopography, microgeomorphology, hydrology, meteorology, climate, etc. of the surrounding natural areas under natural conditions through satellite remote sensing technology, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey technology, and on-site investigations. Moreover, relying on the actual on-site situation, investigate the microgeomorphology features after human intervention such as open-pit mine stope and waste dump, as well as the ecological impacts on the region. Then, obtain the mine design and construction parameters using mine technical data. Finally, combine the natural geomorphology features obtained through investigation and the mining parameters of the mining area such as the waste dump parameters of the mining area obtained through data analysis as the natural-like geomorphology parameters of the waste dump of the mining area, that is, the renovation parameters of the waste dump of the mining area.

[0084] Second step: Based on the obtained natural geographical features, conduct numerical simulations to construct a mathematical model of the microgeomorphology of the open-pit mine waste dump that imitates the surrounding natural geomorphology. In this step, it specifically includes (1) remote sensing image mosaicking, (2) extraction of slope profile lines, (3) testing the normality of data, (4) correlation analysis of slope characteristic parameters, (5) curve fitting of slope characteristic parameters, and (6) determination of the slope model. Among them, before conducting the parameter correlation analysis, first, it is necessary to test whether the data conforms to the normal distribution. Use the normal curve histogram, Q-Q plot, and S-W test respectively. The specific operations are as follows: Normal curve histogram: Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Frequencies, select the histogram and normal curve in the chart; Q-Q plot: Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Q-Q plot; S-W test: Analyze -> Descriptive Statistics -> Explore, select the normal plot with tests in the plot. Then, conduct the correlation analysis of slope characteristic parameters. After determining that the data of each slope characteristic parameter has the characteristics of a normal distribution, conduct a bivariate correlation analysis on it. The specific operation is: Analyze -> Correlate -> Bivariate, and import the six slope characteristic parameters showing a normal distribution into the variables. Then, conduct the curve fitting of slope characteristic parameters. Select the fitting formula according to the R-square value, the t-test of the parameters, and the F-test of the variance. The specific operation is: Analyze -> Regression -> Curve Estimation, put the relevant two groups of variables into the independent variable and the dependent variable respectively, and check the appropriate model for curve estimation. Finally, determine the slope model. According to the curve fitting of the slope characteristic parameters, obtain the formula as the fitting formula of the natural slope model, and the determined slope model can also be tested through the slope characteristic parameters.

[0085] To implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a geomorphic remodeling system for an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features. Figure 4 As shown in Figure 4 the structural schematic diagram of a geomorphic remodeling system for an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features proposed in the embodiments of the present application, the system includes an acquisition module 100, an extraction module 200, a construction module 300, and a remodeling module 400.

[0086] Among them, the acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data, and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine waste dump, and collect the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural areas to generate the reshaping parameters of the open-pit mine waste dump.

[0087] The extraction module 200 is used to extract the slope profile line and slope feature parameters based on the natural geographical features, and perform normal tests and correlation analyses on the slope feature parameters.

[0088] The construction module is used to perform curve fitting on the slope feature parameters, construct a slope model according to the slope feature parameter curve, and simulate the natural landform to construct a geomorphic reshaping model of the open-pit mine waste dump.

[0089] The reshaping module is used to reshape the landform of the open-pit mine waste dump according to the reshaping parameters according to the geomorphic reshaping model.

[0090] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module 100 is specifically configured to: obtain the topographic features and geomorphic features of the surrounding natural areas at different times through satellite remote sensing; conduct aerial photography of the surrounding natural areas by an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the topographic elevation data of the surrounding natural areas; conduct on-site surveys of the surrounding natural areas to collect the topographic features, geomorphic features, hydrological features, meteorological features, and climate features of the surrounding natural areas on-site.

[0091] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module 100 is further configured to: retrieve the historical exploitation data of the mining area, and obtain the mining area exploitation data according to the historical exploitation data; conduct on-site surveys of the open-pit mine waste dump to collect the geomorphic features of the open-pit mine waste dump on-site, verify the key information and fuzzy information in the historical exploitation data, and analyze the geology of the open-pit mine waste dump.

[0092] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the extraction module 200 is specifically configured to: splice the remote sensing images of the surrounding natural areas to obtain the orthophoto map and digital surface model DSM data of the surrounding natural areas; remove the vegetation height in the digital surface model DSM data to generate digital elevation model DEM data, and perform depression filling processing on the digital elevation model DEM data; perform surface analysis on the depression-filled digital elevation model DEM data to generate the contour lines of the digital elevation model DEM data; extract the slope profile line from the digital elevation model DEM data according to the orthophoto map and contour line distribution, and extract the slope feature parameters according to the slope profile line.

[0093] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the extraction module 200 is further configured to: import digital elevation model (DEM) data into a three-dimensional analysis application to generate a cross-sectional view of the DEM data; insert a straight line vertically along the contour line from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope based on the orthophoto and the contour distribution; generate slope profile line data from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope according to the intersection information between the straight line and the DEM data, and export the slope profile line data as point data.

[0094] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the extraction module 200 is further configured to: determine the slope length according to the horizontal distance from the slope vertex to the slope bottom shown by the slope profile line, and determine the slope height according to the vertical distance from the slope vertex to the slope bottom; determine the slope type according to the slope shape. If the slope type is a convex slope or a concave slope, generate an arc that fits the slope shape and calculate the curvature of the arc to obtain the convex surface curvature or the concave surface curvature of the slope; if the slope type is an inverse S-shaped slope, an S-shaped slope, or a double convex slope, calculate the inflection points of the slope profile line. In the case of an inverse S-shaped slope, divide the inverse S-shaped slope into an upper convex surface and a lower concave surface according to the inflection points; in the case of an S-shaped slope, divide the S-shaped slope into an upper concave surface and a lower convex surface according to the inflection points; in the case of a double convex slope, divide the double convex slope into an upper convex surface and a lower convex surface according to the inflection points.

[0095] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiments of the method for geomorphic reconstruction of an open-pit dump based on natural geographical features also applies to the system of this embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0096] In summary, the geomorphic reconstruction system of the open-pit dump based on natural geographical features in the embodiments of the present application conducts an investigation on the natural geomorphic features and ecological impacts of the research area including the mining area to be reconstructed and its surrounding original natural areas, determines the reconstruction and remediation parameters of the dump, and then based on the numerical simulation and construction technology of natural geographical features, constructs a model similar to the original ecological environment geomorphology around the mining area according to the collected natural geographical features as the model for geomorphic reconstruction of the open-pit dump, determines the remediation direction and specific reconstruction implementation methods according to the reconstruction and remediation parameters, and reconstructs the geomorphology of the open-pit dump according to the geomorphic reconstruction model, so that the reconstructed mining area geomorphology is consistent with the surrounding landscape geomorphology, improves the coordination and stability of the reconstructed geomorphology, and enables the geomorphology of the reconstructed open-pit dump to have the maximum water and soil conservation, low maintenance, and self-maintenance capabilities.

[0097] To implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for geomorphic reconstruction of an open-pit dump based on natural geographical features as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0098] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0099] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0100] Any process or method description in a flowchart or described in other ways herein may be understood to represent a module, segment, or portion of code including one or more executable instructions for implementing a customized logic function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations, where the functions may be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the involved functions, rather than in the order shown or discussed, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of this application belong.

[0101] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a definite sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch and execute instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device), or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection portion having one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, followed by editing, interpretation, or otherwise processing as appropriate, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0102] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits having logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0103] Those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology can understand that all or part of the steps carried by the method of implementing the above embodiments can be completed by a program instructing relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0104] In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, may exist separately physically for each unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. When the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0105] The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disc, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for geomorphic reshaping of an open-pit mine waste dump based on natural geographical features, characterized in that Including the following steps: Obtain the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data, and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine waste dump, and collect the physical geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate the reshaping parameters of the open-pit mine waste dump; Extract the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the physical geographical features, and conduct normal test and correlation analysis on the slope characteristic parameters; Perform curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters, construct a slope model according to the slope characteristic parameter curve, and simulate the natural landform to construct the geomorphic reshaping model of the open-pit mine waste dump; Reshape the landform of the open-pit mine waste dump according to the geomorphic reshaping model according to the reshaping parameters; The extracting the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the physical geographical features includes: Stitch the remote sensing images of the surrounding natural area to obtain the orthophoto map and digital surface model DSM data of the surrounding natural area; Remove the vegetation height in the digital surface model DSM data to generate digital elevation model DEM data, and perform filling treatment on the digital elevation model DEM data; Perform surface analysis on the filled digital elevation model DEM data to generate the contour lines of the digital elevation model DEM data; Extract the slope profile line from the digital elevation model DEM data according to the orthophoto map and contour distribution, and extract the slope characteristic parameters according to the slope profile line.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The collecting the physical geographical features of the surrounding natural area includes: Obtain the topographic features and geomorphic features of the surrounding natural area at different times through satellite remote sensing; Conduct aerial photography on the surrounding natural area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the topographic elevation data of the surrounding natural area; Conduct on-site investigation on the surrounding natural area, and on-site collect the topographic features, geomorphic features, hydrological features, meteorological features, and climate features of the surrounding natural area.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The obtaining the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data, and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine waste dump includes: Retrieve the historical exploitation data of the mining area, and obtain the mining area exploitation data according to the historical exploitation data; Conduct on-site investigation on the open-pit mine waste dump, on-site collect the geomorphic features of the open-pit mine waste dump, verify the key information and fuzzy information in the historical exploitation data, and analyze the geology of the open-pit mine waste dump.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The extracting the slope profile line from the digital elevation model DEM data according to the orthophoto map and contour distribution includes: Import the digital elevation model DEM data into a three-dimensional analysis application to generate the cross-section diagram of the digital elevation model DEM data; Based on the orthophoto map and contour distribution, insert a straight line vertically along the contour from the slope top to the slope bottom of the cross-section diagram; Generate the slope profile line data from the slope top to the slope bottom according to the intersection information between the straight line and the digital elevation model DEM data, and export the slope profile line data as point data.

5. According to the method described in claim 1, the extracting the slope characteristic parameters according to the slope profile line includes: Determine the slope length according to the horizontal distance from the slope apex to the slope bottom point shown by the slope profile line, and determine the slope height according to the vertical distance from the slope apex to the slope bottom point; Judge the slope type according to the slope shape. If the slope type is a convex slope or a concave slope, generate an arc that fits the slope shape and calculate the curvature of the arc to obtain the convex surface curvature or concave surface curvature of the slope; If the slope type is an inverse S-shaped slope, an S-shaped slope or a double convex slope, calculate the inflection points of the slope profile line. In the case of an inverse S-shaped slope, divide the inverse S-shaped slope into an upper convex surface and a lower concave surface according to the inflection points; in the case of an S-shaped slope, divide the S-shaped slope into an upper concave surface and a lower convex surface according to the inflection points; in the case of a double convex slope, divide the double convex slope into an upper convex surface and a lower convex surface according to the inflection points; Calculate the horizontal proportion and vertical proportion of the upper convex surface.

6. An open-pit mine waste dump geomorphic remodeling system based on natural geographical features, characterized in that, Including: An acquisition module for acquiring the geomorphic features, mining area exploitation data and ecological impact data of the open-pit mine waste dump, and collecting the natural geographical features of the surrounding natural area to generate the reshaping parameters of the open-pit mine waste dump; An extraction module for extracting the slope profile line and slope characteristic parameters based on the natural geographical features, and performing normal test and correlation analysis on the slope characteristic parameters; A construction module for performing curve fitting on the slope characteristic parameters, constructing a slope model according to the slope characteristic parameter curve, and simulating the natural landform to construct the geomorphic reshaping model of the open-pit mine waste dump; A reshaping module for reshaping the landform of the open-pit mine waste dump according to the reshaping parameters according to the geomorphic reshaping model; The extraction module is further used for splicing the remote sensing images of the surrounding natural area to obtain the orthophoto map and digital surface model DSM data of the surrounding natural area; Remove the vegetation height in the digital surface model DSM data to generate digital elevation model DEM data, and perform filling treatment on the digital elevation model DEM data; Perform surface analysis on the filled digital elevation model DEM data to generate the contour lines of the digital elevation model DEM data; Extract the slope profile line from the digital elevation model DEM data according to the orthophoto map and contour line distribution, and extract the slope characteristic parameters according to the slope profile line.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The acquisition module is specifically used for: Obtain the topographic features and geomorphic features of different periods of the surrounding natural area through satellite remote sensing; Conduct aerial photography on the surrounding natural area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the topographic elevation data of the surrounding natural area; Conduct on-site reconnaissance on the surrounding natural area, and on-site collect the topographic features, geomorphic features, hydrological features, meteorological features and climate features of the surrounding natural area.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein, The acquisition module is further used for: Retrieve the historical mining data of the mining area and obtain the mining area exploitation data according to the historical mining data; Conduct on-site reconnaissance on the open-pit mine waste dump, on-site collect the geomorphic features of the open-pit mine waste dump, verify the key information and fuzzy information in the historical mining data, and analyze the geology of the open-pit mine waste dump.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for geomorphic reshaping of the waste dump in open-pit mines based on natural geographical features as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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