Helium-xenon cooled reactor, reactivity control evaluation method, device, and apparatus

Abstract

This application discloses a helium-xenon cooled reactor, a reactivity control evaluation method, apparatus, and equipment. The helium-xenon cooled reactor includes a reactor core and a retractable reflector layer. The retractable reflector layer includes multiple retractable reflector blocks, which are disposed on the outer side of the reactor core along the axial direction. At least one retractable reflector block can move along the axial direction of the reactor core to change the reflection effect of the retractable reflector layer. This application uses a retractable reflector layer that can move along the axial direction of the reactor core. On the one hand, this reduces the relatively complex control drum and its driving mechanism, saving manufacturing costs and space. On the other hand, the relatively compact and convenient retractable design makes control simple and convenient, avoiding potential faults such as drum falling off or jamming. The control method is safer and more efficient, and it is more beneficial for optimizing and improving the differential value of the reflector layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of helium-xenon cooled reactor technology, and more particularly to a helium-xenon cooled reactor, a reactivity control and evaluation method, apparatus and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Existing helium-xenon cooled micro solid nuclear reactors typically employ a control drum system to adjust the reactor's reactivity. The control drum system adjusts the angle of the neutron absorber (usually boron carbide) within the drum by rotating it, increasing or decreasing the absorption of thermal neutrons during reactor start-up and shutdown, thus achieving hot start-up and cold shutdown of the reactor.

[0003] However, in practice, the following problems have been found with the control drum system: First, the differential value of the control drum system is relatively small, and the safety margin for reactivity control is limited, which is not conducive to the safe start-up and shutdown of the reactor; Second, due to the complex structure of the control drum drive mechanism, it is difficult to reduce the radial dimension of the nuclear reactor, making it difficult to design and manufacture small nuclear reactors that can be flexibly applied to various scenarios, and mechanical failures such as drum drop and drum jamming are prone to occur, posing a high safety hazard during reactor operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a helium-xenon cooled reactor, a reactivity control and evaluation method, apparatus and equipment to solve the problems of existing methods that use a control drum system to adjust reactor reactivity, such as low differential value, complex drive mechanism structure and easy failure.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of this application are implemented as follows:

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a helium-xenon cooled reactor, including a reactor core and a retractable reflective layer; the retractable reflective layer includes a plurality of retractable reflective blocks, which are disposed on the outside of the reactor core along the axial direction of the reactor core; at least one of the retractable reflective blocks can be moved along the axial direction of the reactor core to change the reflective effect of the retractable reflective layer.

[0007] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a reactivity control evaluation method applied to the aforementioned helium-xenon cooled solid reactor, comprising: obtaining the compositional ratio range and size range of a pull-out reflector; performing sensitivity analysis on different combinations of compositional ratios and sizes to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflector; determining the reactivity control effect based on the differential value; and determining a reactivity control scheme if the reactivity control effect meets preset conditions; the reactivity control scheme includes the compositional ratio, size, and pull-out position control information of the pull-out reflector.

[0008] In another aspect, embodiments of this application provide a reactivity control evaluation device applied to the aforementioned helium-xenon cooled solid reactor, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring the compositional ratio range and size range of a pull-out reflector layer; an analysis module for performing sensitivity analysis on different combinations of compositional ratios and sizes to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflector layer; a control effect determination module for determining the reactivity control effect based on the differential value; and a control scheme determination module for determining a reactivity control scheme if the reactivity control effect meets preset conditions; the reactivity control scheme includes the compositional ratio, size, and pull-out position control information of the pull-out reflector layer.

[0009] In another aspect, embodiments of this application provide a reactive control evaluation device, including: a processor; and a memory arranged to store computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to implement the aforementioned reactive control evaluation method.

[0010] In another aspect, embodiments of this application provide a storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the above-described reactive control evaluation method.

[0011] The technical solution of this application adopts a pull-out reflector layer that can move along the axial direction of the core. On the one hand, it reduces the relatively complex control drum and its driving mechanism, saving manufacturing costs and space. On the other hand, the relatively compact and convenient pull-out design makes control simple and convenient, avoiding potential faults such as drum falling off or jamming. The control method is safer and more efficient, and it is more beneficial to optimizing and improving the differential value of the reflector layer. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a top view of the reflector layer of a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the reflector layer of a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is another axial cross-sectional view of the reflector layer of a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a reactivity control and evaluation method for a pull-out reflective layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pull-out reflective layer reactivity control and evaluation device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pull-out reflective layer reactivity control and evaluation device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] This invention provides a design for a retractable reflector structure for a helium-xenon cooled mobile solid reactor. Based on existing helium-xenon cooled mobile solid reactor core designs, and through size matching and fine-tuning of material composition, differential value calculations are performed on the opening size of the retractable reflector structure to obtain the optimal size, material ratio, and reactivity control scheme for the retractable reflector.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the reflector layer of a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the helium-xenon cooled solid reactor includes a core 11 and a retractable reflector 12. The retractable reflector 12 surrounds the core 11.

[0022] The retractable reflective layer 11 includes multiple retractable reflective blocks, which are arranged on the outside of the reactor core along the axial direction of the reactor core. Figure 2 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the reflector layer of a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Exemplarily, two retractable reflector blocks 111 are arranged along the axial direction on the outer side of the reactor core. Figure 2 The central reflector completely surrounds the reactor core, corresponding to a fully enclosed reflector layer. Figure 2 The top reflective layer 112 is also shown.

[0023] At least one retractable reflective block can be moved along the axial direction of the core to change the reflective effect of the retractable reflective layer. Figure 3 This is another axial cross-sectional view of the reflector layer of a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Two retractable reflector blocks are installed on the outer side of the reactor core. The upper reflector block 113 is moved upward along the axial direction by a certain distance, thereby forming a neutron leakage channel along the radial direction of the reactor core between the two reflector blocks, thus changing the reflection effect of the retractable reflector layer. Figure 3 The upper middle reflective block moves to its maximum position, which corresponds to the fully open state of the reflective layer.

[0024] It should be noted that the retractable reflector block can move upwards and / or downwards along the axial direction of the reactor core. Figure 3 The reflector block 113 located at the bottom can also be moved downward a distance along the axial direction to form a neutron leakage channel along the radial direction of the core.

[0025] Optionally, the pull-out reflector is divided into multiple reflector blocks in the axial direction of the reactor core, or the pull-out reflector is divided into multiple reflector blocks in the circumferential direction of the reactor core.

[0026] exist Figure 1 The diagram shows a retractable reflective layer consisting of a single, cylindrical reflective block that fits over the core 11 in the circumferential direction. The retractable reflective layer can also consist of multiple reflective blocks in the circumferential direction, such as two semi-cylinders or four arc-shaped cylinders. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The image shows that the pull-out reflector is divided into multiple reflector blocks in the circumferential direction of the reactor core, which will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The helium-xenon cooled solid reactor provided in this embodiment adopts a pull-out reflector that can move along the axial direction of the reactor core. On the one hand, this reduces the relatively complex control drum and its drive mechanism, saving manufacturing costs and space. On the other hand, the relatively compact and convenient pull-out design makes control simple and convenient, avoiding potential faults such as drum falling off or jamming. The control method is safer and more efficient, and it is more beneficial for optimizing and improving the differential value of the reflector.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a reactivity control and evaluation method for a pull-out reflective layer according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0029] S402, Obtain the composition ratio range and size range of the pull-out reflective layer.

[0030] Specifically, the size range of the pull-out reflector is determined based on the volume and weight constraints of the helium-xenon cooled solid reactor; and the composition ratio of the pull-out reflector is determined based on the reflection effects of different materials.

[0031] Due to the miniaturization, lightweighting, and portability requirements of helium-xenon cooled land-based mobile solid-fuel reactors, there are certain limitations on the volume and total weight of the reflector. Preliminary research has determined these volume and weight constraints. The reflector's function is to reflect neutrons. Its neutron absorption cross-section is very small, allowing it to reflect some neutrons escaping from the nuclear fuel back into the fission fuel. It is typically made of beryllium oxide and a mixture of supporting materials. The different neutron reflection properties of each material result in varying proportions that affect the reflector's performance.

[0032] The size range (thickness, etc.) of the reflective layer is limited based on the above-mentioned volume and weight constraints, and the composition ratio of the reflective layer material is limited based on the reflective effects of different materials.

[0033] S404, sensitivity analysis was performed on different component ratios and size combinations to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflective layer.

[0034] The differential value of the reflector refers to the change in reactivity caused by the reflector moving a unit distance at different heights. Specifically, the differential value of the pull-out reflector can be determined by critical calculations for different component ratios and size combinations, as well as for different positions of the pull-out reflector along the core axis.

[0035] For example, the multiplication factor of the retractable reflector at different locations is calculated. At the critical state, the multiplication factor is equal to 1, while at the supercritical state, it is greater than 1. These different locations must include both the fully open and fully closed positions. At the fully open position, the multiplication factor must be less than 1, and at the fully closed position, it must be greater than 1. By controlling the magnitude of the multiplication factor, the intensity of the reactor core reaction can be controlled, ensuring the safe operation of the reactor.

[0036] S406, the reactivity control effect is determined based on the above differential value.

[0037] Since the size and composition of the retractable reflector are determined, the reactor's reactivity can only be altered by controlling its axial position. Therefore, based on information such as the differential value of the retractable reflector obtained in the above steps, the reactivity control effect can be evaluated to determine whether it meets the preset conditions, i.e., whether it satisfies the control requirements. If yes, the control scheme under this condition is recorded; if not, the size and composition are adjusted, and the reactivity control effect is re-evaluated until the preset conditions are met, at which point the control scheme is recorded.

[0038] S408, if the reactivity control effect meets the preset conditions, then determine the reactivity control scheme.

[0039] Optionally, the above-mentioned reactivity control scheme includes the composition ratio, size and pull-out position control information of the pull-out reflective layer, and the pull-out position control information includes the position of the pull-out reflective layer.

[0040] S410, if the reactivity control effect does not meet the preset conditions, adjust the composition ratio and size within the above-mentioned component ratio and size range. After adjustment, continue to execute S404-S406.

[0041] The method provided in this embodiment offers a reasonable approach to the design of a pull-out reflector structure for helium-xenon cooled reactors based on parameter sensitivity analysis. It allows for convenient and flexible optimization design for different reflector sizes and material compositions. By considering factors such as weight and volume constraints, reflection effects, or the differential value of the reflector, the effectiveness of the design parameters is ensured. This provides effective technical support for the construction of reactivity control schemes for helium-xenon cooled land-based mobile solid reactors.

[0042] The above is the method for evaluating the reactivity control of a pull-out reflective layer provided in the embodiments of this application. Based on the same idea, the embodiments of this application also provide a device for evaluating the reactivity control of a pull-out reflective layer.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a retractable reflector reactivity control and evaluation device according to an embodiment of this application. The retractable reflector reactivity control and evaluation device is applied to the aforementioned helium-xenon cooled solid reactor and includes:

[0044] The acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the composition ratio range and size range of the pull-out reflective layer.

[0045] Analysis module 502 is used to perform sensitivity analysis on different component ratios and size combinations to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflective layer;

[0046] The control effect determination module 503 is used to determine the reactive control effect based on the differential value;

[0047] The control scheme determination module 504 is used to determine the reactive control scheme if the reactive control effect meets the preset conditions; the reactive control scheme includes the composition ratio, size and pull-out position control information of the pull-out reflective layer.

[0048] In one embodiment, the acquisition module 501 is specifically used to: determine the size range of the pull-out reflective layer based on the volume and weight constraints of the helium-xenon cooled solid reactor; and determine the composition ratio of the pull-out reflective layer based on the reflection effects of different materials.

[0049] In one embodiment, the analysis module 502 is specifically used to: perform critical calculations on different component ratios and size combinations, as well as on different positions of the pull-out reflector in the core axis, to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflector.

[0050] In one embodiment, the control scheme determination module 504 is further configured to: if the reactive control effect does not meet the preset conditions, adjust the composition ratio and size within the range of composition ratio and size.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that the aforementioned reactivity control and evaluation device for pull-out reflective layers can be used to implement the aforementioned reactivity control and evaluation method for pull-out reflective layers. The detailed description therein should be similar to the description in the method section above, and will not be repeated here to avoid being cumbersome.

[0052] Based on the same idea, this application also provides a pull-out reflective layer reactivity control and evaluation device, such as... Figure 6 As shown. The reactivity control and evaluation device for a pull-out reflective layer can vary considerably depending on its configuration or performance. It may include one or more processors 601 and a memory 602, which may store one or more application programs or data. The memory 602 may be temporary or persistent storage. The application programs stored in the memory 602 may include one or more modules (not shown), each module including a series of computer-executable instructions for the reactivity control and evaluation device. Furthermore, the processor 601 may be configured to communicate with the memory 602 and execute the series of computer-executable instructions in the memory 602 on the reactivity control and evaluation device. The reactivity control and evaluation device may also include one or more power supplies 603, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 604, one or more input / output interfaces 605, and one or more keyboards 606.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the reactivity control evaluation device for the pull-out reflective layer includes a memory and one or more programs, wherein one or more programs are stored in the memory, and one or more programs may include one or more modules, and each module may include a series of computer-executable instructions for the reactivity control evaluation device for the pull-out reflective layer, and is configured to be executed by one or more processors. The one or more programs include instructions for performing the above-mentioned reactivity control evaluation method for the pull-out reflective layer.

[0054] Based on the same idea, this application also provides a storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the above-described method for evaluating the reactivity control of the pull-out reflective layer.

[0055] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, a computer can be, for example, a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular phone, camera phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0056] For ease of description, the above devices are described separately by function as various units. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0058] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0061] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, a network interface, and memory. Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0062] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0063] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0064] This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, that are executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform a specific task or implement a specific abstract data type. This application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0065] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0066] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A reaction control evaluation method characterized by, This invention relates to a helium-xenon cooled solid reactor, comprising a reactor core and a retractable reflector layer. The retractable reflector layer includes multiple retractable reflector blocks, which are disposed on the outside of the reactor core along its axial direction. Each reflector block is cylindrical and fitted onto the reactor core. At least one of the retractable reflector blocks can be moved along the axial direction of the reactor core to change the reflective effect of the retractable reflector layer. The method includes: The composition and size range of the retractable reflective layer are obtained; wherein, the volume and weight constraints of the reflective layer are determined through preliminary research, and the size range of the retractable reflective layer is determined based on the volume and weight constraints of the helium-xenon cooled solid reactor; the size range of the reflective layer is limited based on the volume and weight constraints, and the composition of the reflective layer material is determined based on the reflective effects of different materials; wherein, the size includes the thickness of the reflective layer; Sensitivity analysis was performed on different component ratios and size combinations to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflector. The differential value of the reflector refers to the change in reactivity caused by the reflector moving a unit distance at different heights. The differential value of the pull-out reflector was determined by performing critical calculations on different component ratios and size combinations, as well as on the pull-out reflector at different positions along the core axis. The reactivity control effect is determined based on the differential value; If the reactivity control effect meets the preset conditions, a reactivity control scheme is determined; the reactivity control scheme includes the composition ratio, size, and pull-out position control information of the pull-out reflective layer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: If the reactivity control effect does not meet the preset conditions, the composition ratio and the size are adjusted within the range of the composition ratio and the size.

3. A reaction control evaluation device characterized by comprising: The method applied to any one of claims 1-2 includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the composition ratio range and size range of the pull-out reflective layer; The analysis module is used to perform sensitivity analysis on different component ratios and size combinations to determine the differential value of the pull-out reflective layer; A control effect determination module is used to determine the reactive control effect based on the differential value; The control scheme determination module is used to determine a reactive control scheme if the reactive control effect meets preset conditions; the reactive control scheme includes the composition ratio, size and pull-out position control information of the pull-out reflective layer.

4. A reaction control evaluation apparatus characterized by comprising: include: processor; And a memory arranged to store computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to implement the reactive control evaluation method according to any one of claims 1-2.

5. A storage medium, characterized by Used to store computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the responsive control evaluation method according to any one of claims 1-2.

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