A Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of Ka-band satellite technology, and particularly to a Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device, comprising a polarization mode automatic acquisition system and a transmission system. The polarization mode automatic acquisition system comprises a GPS, a modem, and a control unit. The GPS and the modem are configured correspondingly, and the modem and the control unit are configured correspondingly. The GPS is used to automatically acquire the local geographic location and upload the geographic location to the modem. The modem is used to select the most suitable spot beam based on the geographic location and an internally preset KML geographic information collaboration and sharing protocol, and transmit the polarization mode of the beam to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the transmission system to automatically operate based on the polarization mode of the beam. This enables an antenna terminal to automatically switch to a desired spot beam polarization mode based on its geographic location, greatly reducing the technical requirements for operators and improving the user network experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Ka-band satellites, in particular to a Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device. Background Art

[0002] Compared to traditional Ku-band satellites, new Ka-band satellites offer transmission speeds 3-5 times faster than current satellites, enhanced anti-interference capabilities, and interconnection with terrestrial networks, enabling a seamless, integrated space-ground satellite communications network. Ka-band satellites utilize spot beam coverage, concentrating RF energy into a narrow beam with a small coverage area, providing higher G / T and EIRP within the coverage area. Ka satellite antennas utilize circular polarization, which varies with left and right rotation. This requires antenna terminals to switch polarization directions depending on their location.

[0003] Existing Ka satellite antennas mostly use manual polarization switching. The transceiver unit primarily consists of a transceiver, a sealing ring, a locking screw assembly, a circular polarizer, a waveguide adapter plate, and a feed source. The transceiver's physical port is a separate receive and transmit channel that interfaces with the circular polarizer. The transceiver is designed with a positioning slot for left-hand or right-hand rotation. A gradient-height partition in the center of the circular polarizer is fixed at an angle relative to the positioning slot. Depending on the orientation of the slot, the antenna receives left-hand or right-hand signals, completing the antenna's alignment. The sealing ring, installed in the sealing slot on the circular polarizer, prevents dust and moisture from entering the microwave channel of the transceiver, extending the device's service life. Furthermore, the waveguide adapter and feed source primarily radiate the RF power from the feeder as electromagnetic waves toward the reflector, generating a suitable field distribution across the aperture to form the desired sharp or shaped beam. This minimizes power leakage from the reflector's edges to achieve the highest possible gain.

[0004] The existing technical solutions have the following main disadvantages: 1) The circular polarizer needs to be switched manually, and the various parts of the transceiver unit need to be disassembled and reassembled, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and there is a risk of installation errors, requiring the operator to have strong professional skills; 2) The satellite antenna must be powered off when switching the polarization mode. Although most of the domestic satellite Ka-band resources are left-handed and the factory setting time can default to left-hand assembly, if the satellite antenna is used in the area where the left and right rotating point beams overlap, the polarization mode needs to be switched frequently, seriously affecting the user's network experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device, which effectively solves the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solutions applied by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device includes a polarization mode automatic acquisition system and a transmission system. The polarization mode automatic acquisition system includes a GPS, a modem, and a control unit. The GPS and the modem are correspondingly configured, and the modem and the control unit are correspondingly configured. The GPS is used to automatically acquire the local geographic location and upload the geographic location to the modem. The modem is used to select the most suitable spot beam based on the geographic location and an internally preset KML geographic information collaboration and sharing protocol, and send the polarization mode of the beam to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the transmission system to automatically operate based on the polarization mode of the beam.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the transmission system includes a transceiver, a circular polarizer, a transmission assembly, an adjustment assembly, a feed assembly and a drive assembly. The first end of the circular polarizer is seamlessly connected to the microwave channel port of the transceiver, the first end of the transmission assembly is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer, and the first end of the transmission assembly is provided with a positioning assembly corresponding to the positioning of the adjustment assembly. The second end of the transmission assembly is connected to the feed assembly, and the drive assembly is started by controlling the control unit so that the drive assembly drives the transmission assembly to work.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt and a central rotating shaft. The central rotating shaft is fixed on the synchronous pulley, the synchronous pulley is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer, the synchronous pulley is provided with a positioning assembly corresponding to the adjustment assembly, the central rotating shaft is connected to the feed assembly, the first end of the synchronous belt is wound around the synchronous pulley, and the second end of the synchronous belt is sleeved on the output wheel of the drive assembly.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the adjustment component includes an adjustment support base plate and a limit cam, the limit cam is fixed on the adjustment support base plate, the synchronous pulley is passed through the limit cam, and is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer, and the limit cam is provided with a groove with a changing curve, the angle range of the groove is 0-180 degrees, and the axial height difference is 0-3mm. The positioning component includes a cam bearing and a cam push rod provided on the synchronous pulley, the cam push rod and the groove have the same diameter, the cam push rod is passed through the groove, and is limited by the cam bearing.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the feed assembly includes a deep groove ball bearing, a limit photoelectric baffle, a photoelectric sensor and a feed source. The deep groove ball bearing is connected to the central rotating shaft of the transmission assembly, the limit photoelectric baffle is installed on the deep groove ball bearing, the photoelectric sensor and the feed source are installed on the motor mounting plate of the drive assembly, and the photoelectric sensor and the limit photoelectric baffle are arranged correspondingly.

[0012] According to the above solution, the driving assembly includes a driving motor installed on a motor mounting plate. The driving motor starts or closes its work by receiving instructions sent by a control unit. A positioning assembly is provided between the motor mounting plate and the adjustment support base plate of the adjustment assembly.

[0013] According to the above solution, the positioning assembly includes a linear flange bearing and a guide column, one end of the guide column is fixed to the motor mounting plate, and the other end of the guide column is fixed to the adjustment support base plate through the linear flange bearing.

[0014] According to the above solution, the driving motor is a stepper motor with an integrated incremental grating encoder, and the encoder resolution reaches 1000 lines.

[0015] According to the above solution, a sealing groove is provided on the connecting end of the circular polarizer, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1) Ka-spot beam polarization automatic acquisition system reduces operator requirements and improves user network experience;

[0018] 2) Polarization mode automatic switching mechanism, the stepper motor simultaneously controls the linear motion of the circular polarizer and the rotational motion of the limit photoelectric baffle to complete the entire smooth fitting curve;

[0019] 3) Closed-loop control calibration system, which adds a grating encoder and photoelectric sensor to the stepper motor drive to improve positioning accuracy and ensure optimal electrical performance and sidelobe envelope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a control principle diagram in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transmission system;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the overall exploded diagram of the transmission system;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the limit cam and the rotating synchronous pulley;

[0024] Figure 5 This is the control principle diagram in Example 2.

[0025] 1. Transceiver; 2. Sealing ring; 3. Circular polarizer; 4. Adjustment support base; 5. Linear flange bearing; 6. Guide column; 7. Limit cam; 8. Synchronous pulley; 9. Synchronous belt; 10. Cam bearing; 11. Cam push rod; 12. Center shaft; 13. Deep groove ball bearing; 14. Limit photoelectric baffle; 15. Photoelectric sensor; 16. Motor mounting plate; 17. Feed source; 18. Drive motor; 31. Sealing groove; 71. Groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device described in the present invention includes a polarization mode automatic acquisition system and a transmission system. The polarization mode automatic acquisition system includes a GPS, a modem, and a control unit. The GPS and the modem are configured accordingly, and the modem and the control unit are configured accordingly. The GPS is used to automatically acquire the local geographic location and upload the geographic location to the modem. The modem is used to select the most suitable spot beam based on the geographic location and the internally preset KML geographic information collaboration and sharing protocol, and send the polarization mode of the beam to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the transmission system to automatically operate according to the polarization mode of the beam. The above constitutes the basic structure of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention adopts such a structural setting. When the satellite terminal is powered on, the GPS automatically obtains the local geographic location and uploads it to the modem. The modem selects the most suitable point beam based on the geographic location uploaded by the GPS and the internally preset KML geographic information collaboration and sharing protocol, and then sends information such as the polarization mode of the beam to the control unit. The control unit then sends a working instruction to the transmission system based on the polarization mode of the beam, so that the antenna terminal can automatically switch to the required point beam polarization mode according to its geographic location, greatly reducing the technical requirements of the operator and improving the user's network experience. At the same time, the high-precision positioning design can ensure the optimal electrical performance and sidelobe envelope, fully meeting the satellite resource access license.

[0030] In this embodiment, the transmission system includes a transceiver 1, a circular polarizer 3, a transmission assembly, an adjustment assembly, a feed assembly, and a drive assembly. The first end of the circular polarizer 3 is seamlessly connected to the microwave channel port of the transceiver 1. The first end of the transmission assembly is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer 3, and the first end of the transmission assembly is provided with a locking assembly that corresponds to the locking assembly. The second end of the transmission assembly is connected to the feed assembly. The drive assembly is activated by a control unit, causing the drive assembly to drive the transmission assembly. With this structural arrangement, the control unit sends an operating instruction to the drive assembly based on the polarization mode of the beam, causing the drive assembly to drive the transmission assembly to perform transmission operation. The transmission assembly and the adjustment assembly cooperate to achieve the rotation of the circular polarizer 3 (i.e., automatic circular polarization switching). The transmission assembly and the feed assembly cooperate to radiate the RF power from the feed line to the reflector in the form of electromagnetic waves, generating a suitable field distribution at the aperture to form the desired sharp beam or shaped beam. At the same time, the power leakage from the edge of the reflector is minimized to achieve the highest possible gain.

[0031] In actual applications, CONSOL software simulations have shown that if the gap between the connection end of the circular polarizer 3 and the microwave channel port of the transceiver 1 reaches 0.2mm, the return loss and standing wave performance will not change significantly. Within the usable range, the gain in the low-frequency 20GHz band does not drop, and the envelope is good. However, at 30GHz, the gain drops by more than 1dB, the radiation pattern envelope deteriorates, and the antenna axial ratio deteriorates by more than 2dB, making it impossible to ensure optimal electrical performance and sidelobe envelope. This shows that microwave systems have extremely high requirements for channel dimensional coordination, and reserving a gap in the microwave channel with the circular polarizer 3 is not an option, as is the case with the direct rotary drive switching method used in the prior art.

[0032] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley 8, a synchronous belt 9, and a central shaft 12. The central shaft 12 is fixed to the synchronous pulley 8. The synchronous pulley 8 is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer 3. The synchronous pulley 8 is equipped with a locking assembly corresponding to the locking assembly. The central shaft 12 is connected to the feed assembly. The first end of the synchronous belt 9 is wrapped around the synchronous pulley 8, and the second end of the synchronous belt 9 is sleeved on the output pulley of the drive assembly. With this structural arrangement, when the drive assembly is in operation, the synchronous belt 9 drives the synchronous pulley 8 to rotate synchronously, causing the synchronous pulley 8 to rotate the circular polarizer 3 (i.e., automatically switching circular polarization). Simultaneously, the synchronous pulley 8 rotates the feed assembly to adjust the relative zero position. The clockwise or counterclockwise rotation angle is then determined based on the polarization mode information provided by the modem to complete the rotation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the adjustment component includes an adjustment support base plate 4 and a limit cam 7. The limit cam 7 is fixed on the adjustment support base plate 4. The synchronous pulley 8 is passed through the limit cam 7 and is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer 3. The limit cam 7 is provided with a groove 71 with a changing curve. The angle range of the groove 71 is 0-180 degrees, and the axial height difference is 0-3mm. The positioning component includes a cam bearing 10 and a cam push rod 11 provided on the synchronous pulley 8. The cam push rod 11 is of the same diameter as the groove 71. The cam push rod 11 is passed through the groove 71 and is limited by the cam bearing 10. With such a structural setting, when the driving component receives the working instruction sent by the main control unit and starts to drive the synchronous pulley 8 to rotate, the cam push rod 11 provided on the synchronous pulley 8 will be displaced in the groove 71, so that the synchronous pulley 8 can drive the first end of the circular polarizer 3 to quickly separate from the connection between the transceiver 1, and at the same time reduce the rotational damping of the synchronous pulley 8 caused by external friction, thereby reducing the load of the driving component. When the change curve is 0-10 degrees, the height difference changes from 0 to 3mm, and the height difference remains unchanged when it is 10-170 degrees. When it is 170-180 degrees, the height difference changes from 3mm to 0. In this way, the gap at the connection between the first end of the circular polarizer 3 and the transceiver 1 can be quickly reduced to 0.

[0034] In practical applications, the cam follower 11 on the synchronous pulley 8 is inserted into the groove 71 and also plays a role in radial positioning.

[0035] In this embodiment, the feed assembly includes a deep groove ball bearing 13, a position-limiting photoelectric baffle 14, a photoelectric sensor 15, and a feed 17. The deep groove ball bearing 13 is connected to the central shaft 12 of the transmission assembly, the position-limiting photoelectric baffle 14 is mounted on the deep groove ball bearing 13, and the photoelectric sensor 15 and the feed 17 are mounted on the motor mounting plate 16 of the drive assembly, with the photoelectric sensor 15 and the position-limiting photoelectric baffle 14 being arranged correspondingly. With this structural arrangement, when the drive assembly receives a working instruction from the main control unit, it begins to drive the synchronous pulley 8 to rotate clockwise, and the synchronous pulley 8 drives the central shaft 12 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the position-limiting photoelectric baffle 14 to trigger the photoelectric sensor 15 to confirm that the relative zero position has been reached. The clockwise or counterclockwise rotation angle is then determined based on the polarization information provided by the modem, completing the rotation action.

[0036] In this embodiment, the drive assembly includes a drive motor 18 mounted on a motor mounting plate 16. Drive motor 18 starts and stops operating in response to commands from a control unit. A positioning assembly is provided between motor mounting plate 16 and the adjustment support base 4 of the adjustment assembly. With this structural arrangement, when the drive motor 18 receives an operating command from the main control unit, it begins operating and rotates the synchronous pulley 8 via the synchronous belt 9. This not only rotates the synchronous pulley 8 but also drives the circular polarizer 3 to move forward and backward, i.e., to extend and retract the first end of the circular polarizer 3 from the transceiver 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the positioning assembly includes a linear flange bearing 5 and a guide post 6. One end of the guide post 6 is fixed to the motor mounting plate 16, and the other end of the guide post 6 is fixed to the adjustable support base plate 4 via the linear flange bearing 5. With this structural arrangement, the linear flange bearing 5 and the guide post 6 provide an axial positioning connection between the adjustable support base plate 4 and the motor mounting plate 16, ensuring smooth linkage among the transmission assembly, the adjustment assembly, and the drive assembly.

[0038] In this embodiment, the drive motor 18 utilizes a stepper motor with an integrated incremental grating encoder, whose encoder resolution reaches 1000 lines. This structural arrangement significantly improves positioning accuracy. Specifically, it ensures accurate positioning of the circular polarizer 3 during displacement, ensuring perfect alignment of the angles of the circular polarizer 3 and the microwave channel in the transceiver 1. This creates a closed-loop control system, improving the electrical performance of the entire antenna system.

[0039] In this embodiment, a sealing groove 31 is provided on the connection end of the circular polarizer 3, and a sealing ring 2 is installed in the sealing groove 31. With this structural arrangement, the sealing ring 2 can prevent external dust and moisture from entering the microwave channel of the transceiver 1, thereby extending the service life and electrical performance of the entire system.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, whereas the first embodiment uses a single motor, synchronous pulley 8, and position-limiting cam 7 to simultaneously achieve the linear motion of the circular polarizer 3 and the rotational motion of the position-limiting photoelectric baffle 14, this second embodiment uses a drive motor and lead screw nut mechanism to achieve the linear motion of the circular polarizer 3, while the drive motor and synchronous pulley transmission mechanism achieve the rotational motion of the position-limiting photoelectric baffle 14. The two mechanisms operate independently of each other, and both control units issue stepping commands. Furthermore, to ensure accurate positioning of each movement, both use incremental grating encoder stepper motors and photoelectric sensors.

[0042] The above describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device, characterized by: It includes a polarization automatic acquisition system and a transmission system. The polarization automatic acquisition system includes a GPS, a modem, and a control unit. The GPS and the modem are correspondingly configured, and the modem and the control unit are correspondingly configured. The GPS is used to automatically acquire the local geographic location and upload the geographic location to the modem. The modem is used to select the most suitable spot beam according to the geographical location and the internally preset KML geographic information collaboration and sharing protocol, and send the polarization mode of the beam to the control unit; the control unit is used to control the transmission system to automatically operate according to the polarization mode of the beam; The transmission system comprises a transceiver (1), a circular polarizer (3), a transmission component, an adjustment component, a feed component and a drive component, wherein the first end of the circular polarizer (3) is seamlessly connected to the microwave channel port of the transceiver (1), the first end of the transmission component is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer (3), and the first end of the transmission component is provided with a positioning component corresponding to the positioning of the adjustment component, the second end of the transmission component is connected to the feed component, and the drive component is controlled to start by a control unit so that the drive component drives the transmission component to work; The transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley (8), a synchronous belt (9) and a central rotating shaft (12), wherein the central rotating shaft (12) is fixed on the synchronous pulley (8), the synchronous pulley (8) is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer (3), the synchronous pulley (8) is provided with a positioning assembly corresponding to the positioning of the adjustment assembly, the central rotating shaft (12) is connected to the feed assembly, the first end of the synchronous belt (9) is wound around the synchronous pulley (8), and the second end of the synchronous belt (9) is sleeved on the output wheel of the drive assembly; The adjustment component comprises an adjustment support base plate (4) and a limiting cam (7), wherein the limiting cam (7) is fixed on the adjustment support base plate (4), and the synchronous pulley (8) is arranged in the limiting cam (7) and is connected to the second end of the circular polarizer (3); the limiting cam (7) is provided with a groove (71) with a changing curve, the angle range of the groove (71) is 0-180 degrees, and the axial height difference is 0-3mm, and the positioning component comprises a cam bearing (10) and a cam push rod (11) provided on the synchronous pulley (8), the cam push rod (11) and the groove (71) have the same diameter, the cam push rod (11) is arranged in the groove (71), and is limited by the cam bearing (10).

2. The Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed source assembly comprises a deep groove ball bearing (13), a position-limiting photoelectric baffle (14), a photoelectric sensor (15) and a feed source (17), wherein the deep groove ball bearing (13) is connected to a central rotating shaft (12) of a transmission assembly, the position-limiting photoelectric baffle (14) is mounted on the deep groove ball bearing (13), the photoelectric sensor (15) and the feed source (17) are mounted on a motor mounting plate (16) of a drive assembly, and the photoelectric sensor (15) and the position-limiting photoelectric baffle (14) are arranged correspondingly.

3. The Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a driving motor (18) mounted on a motor mounting plate (16), wherein the driving motor (18) starts or closes operation by receiving a command sent by a control unit, and a positioning assembly is provided between the motor mounting plate (16) and an adjustment support base plate (4) of the adjustment assembly.

4. The Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning assembly comprises a linear flange bearing (5) and a guide column (6), one end of the guide column (6) is fixed to the motor mounting plate (16), and the other end of the guide column (6) is fixed to the adjustment support base plate (4) through the linear flange bearing (5).

5. The Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving motor (18) is a stepper motor with an integrated incremental grating encoder, and the encoder resolution reaches 1000 lines.

6. The Ka-band circular polarization automatic switching and resetting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing groove (31) is provided on the connecting end of the circular polarizer (3), and a sealing ring (2) is installed in the sealing groove (31).

Images