Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems and methods of controlling the same

Abstract

Control systems and methods for controlling a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system, including cooling and one or both of heating and heat recovery, can include adaptive and balancing modes for each of heating and cooling operation. The adaptive heating mode and the adaptive cooling mode each include controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature of the respective heating or cooling process fluid, and unloading or stopping a compressor when the temperature of the other of the cooling or heating process fluid exceeds a threshold. The balancing heating mode and the balancing cooling mode include controlling a flow of the cooling or heating process fluid to meet a balancing heating or cooling target temperature of the respective heating or cooling process fluid and the other of the cooling or heating process fluid, respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR) systems in which heat recovery or heating is controlled, thereby achieving, in particular, both target cooling and heating temperatures. Background Technology

[0002] Current water-cooled chillers and heat pumps are used to provide both cooling and heating, but cannot simultaneously maintain the fluid temperature leaving the evaporator and condenser. Currently, units operating in cooling mode can generate a temperature setpoint for the fluid leaving the evaporator (cooling), but the temperature of the water leaving the condenser (heating) varies. Alternatively, if operating in heating mode, the unit can generate a temperature setpoint for the fluid leaving the condenser (heating), but the temperature of the water leaving the evaporator (cooling) varies. These systems also require complex system control logic to maintain within unit constraints and external building automation (BAS) control for auxiliary equipment. Current systems for simultaneously delivering chilled and hot water temperatures require a BAS to monitor unit temperature, flow rate, and other operating constraints, which increases complexity and can potentially reduce efficiency. Furthermore, BAS programming is done independently at each site and can lead to programming variations due to building and installer factors. Independent BAS programming can therefore cause integration problems and is time-consuming and costly for each installation. The resulting operational sequences are often not optimal, robust, efficient, reliable, repeatable, or incomprehensible. This could result in systems that do not work or ultimately cannot be put into use throughout the building's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure relates to heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR) systems in which heat recovery or heating is controlled, particularly to achieve both target cooling and heating temperatures.

[0004] By incorporating this control into an HVACR system, the system can be made capable of responding to multi-system demands such as simultaneous heating and cooling. Furthermore, providing this feature at the HVACR system level improves interoperability and simplifies the installation and setup of HVACR systems that will experience these multi-system demands.

[0005] In one embodiment, a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system includes: a compressor configured to compress a working fluid; a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a first process fluid, wherein the first process fluid further exchanges heat with a heating load; a second heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a second process fluid, wherein the second process fluid exchanges heat with a cooling load; a first temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the first process fluid; and a second temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the second process fluid. The HVACR system further includes a controller configured to selectively operate the HVACR system in at least one mode selected from one or more modes including an adaptive cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, a balanced cooling mode, or a balanced heating mode. The adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the second process fluid and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the first process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. The adaptive heating mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the first process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the second process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. In balanced cooling mode, the flow rate of the first process fluid is controlled to meet the balanced cooling target temperature for both the first and second process fluids. In balanced heating mode, the flow rate of the second process fluid is controlled to meet the balanced heating target temperature for both the first and second process fluids.

[0006] In one embodiment, the group includes an adaptive cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, a balanced cooling mode, and a balanced heating mode.

[0007] In one embodiment, the HVACR system further includes a third heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between a working fluid and a third process fluid, wherein the third process fluid further exchanges heat with the surrounding environment. In one embodiment, the HVACR system further includes a pump configured to provide a variable flow of the third process fluid, wherein a balanced cooling mode further includes using the pump to regulate the variable flow of the third process fluid.

[0008] In one embodiment, a first temperature sensor measures the temperature of the first process fluid at the location where the first process fluid exits the first heat exchanger, and a second temperature sensor measures the temperature of the second process fluid at the location where the second process fluid exits the second heat exchanger.

[0009] In one embodiment, the HVACR system further includes at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a fluid loop for a first process fluid, and wherein a controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, control valve, and flow-dividing mixing valve when in a balanced cooling mode. In one embodiment, the HVACR system further includes at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a fluid loop for a second process fluid, and wherein a controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, control valve, and flow-dividing mixing valve when in a balanced heating mode.

[0010] In one embodiment, a control system for a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system includes a controller configured to selectively operate the HVACR system in at least one mode selected from one or more modes including an adaptive cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, a balanced cooling mode, or a balanced heating mode. The adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for a second process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of a first process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. The adaptive heating mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the first process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the second process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. In the balanced cooling mode, the flow rate of the first process fluid is controlled to meet a balanced cooling target temperature for both the first and second process fluids. In the balanced heating mode, the flow rate of the second process fluid is controlled to meet a balanced heating target temperature for both the first and second process fluids.

[0011] In one embodiment, the group includes an adaptive cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, a balanced cooling mode, and a balanced heating mode.

[0012] In one embodiment, the controller is further configured to control a pump configured to provide a variable flow of source process fluid, and at least one of the balanced cooling mode and the balanced heating mode further includes directing the pump to regulate the variable flow of source process fluid.

[0013] In one embodiment, the controller is connected to at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a circuit for heating the process fluid, and the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, and the flow-dividing mixing valve when in a balanced cooling mode. In another embodiment, the controller is connected to at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a circuit for cooling the process fluid, and is configured to modulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, and the flow-dividing mixing valve when in a balanced heating mode.

[0014] In one embodiment, a method of controlling a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system includes selecting an operating mode from the group consisting of at least one of an adaptive cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, a balanced cooling mode, and a balanced heating mode, and operating the HVACR system according to that operating mode. The adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the cooling process fluid and unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. The adaptive heating mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the heating process fluid and unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. The balanced cooling mode includes controlling the flow rate of the heating process fluid to achieve a balanced cooling target temperature for both the heating and cooling process fluids. The balanced heating mode includes controlling the flow rate of the cooling process fluid to achieve a balanced heating target temperature for both the heating and cooling process fluids.

[0015] In one embodiment, selecting an operating mode includes determining whether to prioritize cooling or heating based on cooling and heating requirements, selecting either an adaptive cooling mode or a balanced cooling mode when prioritizing cooling, and selecting either an adaptive heating mode or a balanced heating mode when prioritizing heating.

[0016] In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in at least one of a balanced cooling mode or a balanced heating mode includes controlling the amount of variable flow of a source fluid that is separate from the cooling process fluid and the heating process fluid.

[0017] In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in a balanced heating mode includes adjusting at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in the cooling process fluid loop. In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in a balanced cooling mode includes adjusting at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in the heating process fluid loop.

[0018] In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in balanced cooling mode further includes unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in balanced heating mode further includes unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A heating, ventilation, air conditioning and cooling (HVACR) system according to one embodiment is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 An HVACR system according to one embodiment is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for selecting an operating mode according to one embodiment is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for operating a VCR system in an adaptive cooling mode according to an embodiment is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for operating a VCR system in a balanced cooling mode according to an embodiment is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 A flowchart of a method for operating a VCR system in an adaptive heating mode according to an embodiment is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 A flowchart of a method for operating a VCR system in a balanced heating mode according to an embodiment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This disclosure relates to heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR) systems in which heat recovery or heating is controlled, thereby achieving, in particular, both target cooling and heating temperatures.

[0027] Figure 1 A heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system according to one embodiment is shown. The HVACR system 100 includes a working fluid loop 102, a heating process fluid loop 104, and a cooling process fluid loop 106. The HVACR system 100 also includes a controller 108.

[0028] The working fluid circuit 102 includes a compressor 110, a condenser 112, an expansion device (not shown), and an evaporator 114. The working fluid circuit is configured to operate as a refrigeration circuit, thereby compressing the working fluid at the compressor 110, dissipating heat from the working fluid to condense it at the condenser 112, expanding the working fluid using any suitable expander (such as an expansion valve, orifice, etc.), wherein the working fluid then absorbs heat at the evaporator 114. The working fluid used in the working fluid circuit 102 can be any suitable refrigerant that can be used in a vapor compression refrigeration circuit.

[0029] Compressor 110 is configured to compress a working fluid. Compressor 110 can be any suitable compressor for compressing a working fluid; as a non-limiting example, the compressor is, for example, a screw compressor, a centrifugal compressor, or a scroll compressor. In one embodiment, compressor 110 is a variable-capacity compressor, which has, for example, variable-speed control and / or one or more mechanical unloaders capable of changing the compressor's capacity. The mechanical unloader can be any suitable unloader for the compressor, such as a slide valve or piston, inlet guide vanes, a port, or any other unloader suitable for use with a compressor in an HVACR system. Compressor 110 can be controlled by controller 108 to, for example, shut off when controller 108 issues a command, or to change the compressor's capacity in response to a command from controller 108.

[0030] The condenser 112 is a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and the heating process fluid of the heating process fluid loop 104. The condenser 112 can be any suitable heat exchanger configured to receive both the working fluid and the heating process fluid, and to allow heat exchange between the fluids without allowing them to mix. In one embodiment, the working fluid dissipates heat to the heating process fluid at the condenser 112, thereby raising the temperature of the heating process fluid.

[0031] Evaporator 114 is another heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and the cooling process fluid in the cooling process fluid loop 106. Evaporator 114 can be any suitable heat exchanger configured to receive both the working fluid and the cooling process fluid and allow heat exchange between the fluids without allowing them to mix. In one embodiment, the working fluid absorbs heat from the cooling process fluid at evaporator 114, thereby lowering the temperature of the cooling process fluid.

[0032] The heating process fluid circuit 104 may include a condenser 112, a temperature sensor 120, a heating load 122, and at least one of a pump 124, a flow mixing valve 126, and a control valve 128. Optionally, the heating process fluid circuit 104 may include additional components, including, but not limited to, a differential pressure sensor, a flow meter, etc. The heating process fluid circuit 104 circulates the heating process fluid. The heating process fluid can be any suitable fluid; as a non-limiting example, the fluid is, for example, water, water containing antifreeze additives such as ethylene glycol, etc.

[0033] At condenser 112, the heating process fluid is heated by heat discharged from the working fluid. The heating process fluid exchanges heat with heating load 122. Heating load 122 can be any one or more devices configured to utilize the heat discharged from the heating process fluid, such as one or more water heaters, dehumidifiers, heaters, or any other suitable such devices. After the heat is discharged at heating load 122, heating process fluid circuit 104 circulates the heating process fluid back to condenser 112 to absorb the heat discharged by the working fluid.

[0034] A temperature sensor 120 may be included along the heating process fluid loop 104, and the temperature sensor 120 is configured to measure the temperature of the heating process fluid at that point in the heating process fluid loop 104. The temperature sensor 120 may be operatively connected to a controller 108 such that the temperature sensor 120 can provide the measured temperature to the controller 108, for example, via wired or wireless communication, which may be direct communication or include additional means or control devices, such as a building automation system (BAS) as a non-limiting example. The temperature sensor 120 may be any suitable temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the heating process fluid. In one embodiment, the temperature sensor 120 is included immediately upstream or immediately downstream of the condenser 112. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors 120 are included in the heating process fluid loop 104. In one embodiment, the multiple temperature sensors 120 include one sensor located immediately upstream of the condenser 112 and another sensor located immediately downstream of the condenser 112.

[0035] In one embodiment, the heating process fluid loop 104 includes a pump 124. The pump 124 can be any suitable pump configured to drive the heating process fluid flow through the heating process fluid loop 104. In one embodiment, the pump 124 is a controllable pump with variable output, such as a variable speed pump. In one embodiment, the pump 124 is controlled by a variable speed drive. In one embodiment, the pump 124 is controlled based on commands from a controller 108, for example, to provide a desired flow rate through the heating process fluid loop 104.

[0036] In one embodiment, the heating process fluid circuit 104 includes a diversion mixing valve 126. The diversion mixing valve 126 may be a valve configured to allow a selected amount of heating process fluid to bypass the condenser 112. The diversion mixing valve 126 may be used to control the amount of heating process fluid that absorbs heat at the condenser 112. The diversion mixing valve 126 may be controlled by a controller 108 to control the amount of heating process fluid bypassing the condenser 112, for example, based on a target amount determined by the controller 108. In one embodiment, a pump 124 may be positioned such that the line bypassing the condenser 112 and connecting to the diversion mixing valve 126 is located between the heating load 122 and the line connecting to the diversion mixing valve 126, such that the fluid diverted by the diversion mixing valve 126 is included in the flow driven by the pump 124.

[0037] In one embodiment, the heating process fluid circuit 104 includes a control valve 128. The control valve 128 is a controllable valve configured to control the flow rate through the heating process fluid circuit 104. The control valve 128 can be any suitable valve for controlling the flow of the heating process fluid, such as, as a non-limiting example, a variable-size orifice. The control valve 128 can be controlled based on commands from a controller 108 of the HVACR system 100, such as to allow a desired amount of flow or desired flow rate through the heating process fluid circuit 104. The controller 108 can be configured to receive input from other control devices, such as a BAS.

[0038] The cooling process fluid loop 106 includes an evaporator 114, a temperature sensor 130, and a cooling load 132. The cooling process fluid loop 106 may also include one or more of a pump 134, a flow-diverting mixing valve 136, and a control valve 138. The cooling process fluid dissipates heat to the working fluid at the evaporator 114, thereby lowering the temperature of the cooling process fluid. The cooling process fluid then circulates through the cooling process fluid loop 106 to the cooling load 132. The cooling load 132 may be any one or more devices that absorb heat from the cooling process fluid, such as one or more terminal units for cooling in a building HVACR system, or any other suitable such device. In one embodiment, the cooling process fluid comprises water. In one embodiment, the cooling process fluid also includes one or more additives, for example, to lower the freezing point of the cooling process fluid.

[0039] A temperature sensor 130 may be included along the cooling process fluid loop 106, and the temperature sensor 130 is configured to measure the temperature of the cooling process fluid at that point in the cooling process fluid loop 106. The temperature sensor 130 may be operatively connected to a controller 108 such that the temperature sensor 130 can provide the measured temperature to the controller 108, for example, via wired or wireless communication. This communication may optionally include other means, such as a BAS as a non-limiting example. The temperature sensor 130 may be any suitable temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the cooling process fluid. In one embodiment, the temperature sensor 130 is included immediately upstream or immediately downstream of the evaporator 114. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors 130 are included in the cooling process fluid loop 106. In one embodiment, the multiple temperature sensors 130 include one sensor located immediately upstream of the evaporator 114 and another sensor located immediately downstream of the evaporator 114.

[0040] In one embodiment, the cooling process fluid circuit 106 includes a pump 134. The pump 134 can be any suitable pump configured to drive cooling process fluid flow through the cooling process fluid circuit 106. In one embodiment, the pump 134 is a controllable pump with variable output, such as a variable speed pump. In one embodiment, the pump 134 is controlled by a variable speed drive. In one embodiment, the pump 134 is controlled based on commands from a controller 108, for example, to provide a desired flow rate through the cooling process fluid circuit 106.

[0041] In one embodiment, the cooling process fluid loop 106 includes a flow-diverting mixing valve 136. The flow-diverting mixing valve 136 may be a valve configured to allow a selected amount of cooling process fluid to bypass the evaporator 114. The flow-diverting mixing valve 136 may be used to control the amount of cooling process fluid that dissipates heat at the evaporator 114. The flow-diverting mixing valve 136 may be controlled by a controller 108 to control the amount of cooling process fluid bypassing the evaporator 114, for example, based on a target amount determined by the controller 108. In one embodiment, a pump 134 may be located between the fluid line connecting the flow-diverting mixing valve 136 to the bypass evaporator 114 and the heating load 132, such that the fluid bypassing the evaporator through this fluid line is included in the flow driven by the pump 134.

[0042] In one embodiment, the cooling process fluid circuit 106 includes a control valve 138. The control valve 138 is a controllable valve configured to control the flow rate through the cooling process fluid circuit 106. The control valve 138 can be any suitable valve for controlling the flow of the cooling process fluid, such as a variable-size orifice as a non-limiting example. The control valve 138 can be controlled based on commands from the controller 108, such as allowing a desired amount of flow or desired flow rate through the cooling process fluid circuit 106.

[0043] In one embodiment, the heating process fluid circuit 104 and the cooling process fluid circuit 106 include the same devices selected from pumps 124 and 134, flow-dividing mixing valves 126 and 136, and control valves 128 and 138. In another embodiment, the heating process fluid circuit 104 and the cooling process fluid circuit 106 include at least some differences, wherein these differences are included in each respective circuit. The controller 108 can control any or all of such devices included in their respective fluid circuits. In an embodiment, pumps 124 and / or 134 may be constant-output pumps not controlled by the controller 108.

[0044] Controller 108 is a controller configured to control the operation of compressor 110 and / or the flow of one or more of the heating process fluid circuit 104 and cooling process fluid circuit 106, for example, by controlling pumps 124 and 134, flow mixing valves 126 and 136, or control valves 128 and 138. Controller 108 may include one or more processors. Controller 108 may be connected to temperature sensors 120 and 130 to receive temperature readings from temperature sensor 120 for the heating process fluid circuit 104 and the cooling process fluid circuit 106.

[0045] Controller 108 can be configured to operate HVACR system 100 in one or more operating modes selected from adaptive cooling mode, adaptive heating mode, balanced cooling mode, and balanced heating mode. Adaptive cooling mode includes controller 108 controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the cooling process fluid, and controller 108 instructing compressor 110 to unload or stop when the temperature of the heating process fluid is above a heating safety threshold. Adaptive heating mode includes controller 108 controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the heating process fluid, and controller 108 instructing compressor 110 to unload or stop when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. Balanced cooling mode includes controller 108 determining the flow rate of the heating process fluid to meet a balanced cooling target temperature for both the heating and cooling process fluids. In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in balanced cooling mode further includes unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. Balanced heating mode includes controller 108 determining the flow rate of the cooling process fluid to meet a balanced heating target temperature for both the heating and cooling process fluids. In one embodiment, operating the HVACR system in a balanced heating mode further includes unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold.

[0046] In one embodiment, the controller 108 can also be configured to determine the operating mode of the HVACR system 100. In one embodiment, determining the operating mode may include determining whether to operate in a heating mode or a cooling mode based on the demand from each of heating and cooling from the HVACR system 100. In one embodiment, the selection of an adaptive or balanced heating or cooling mode may also be based on the demand for heating and / or cooling and the ability to meet those demands in the adaptive or balanced heating or cooling mode.

[0047] Figure 2 An HVACR system according to one embodiment is shown. The HVACR system 200 includes a working fluid loop 202, a heating process fluid loop 204, a cooling process fluid loop 206, and a source fluid loop 208. The HVACR system 200 further includes a controller 210.

[0048] The working fluid circuit 202 includes a compressor 212, a condenser 214, a heat recovery heat exchanger 216, an expansion device (not shown), and an evaporator 218. In the working fluid circuit 202, the working fluid is compressed at the compressor 212, heat is discharged to the source fluid at the condenser 214, and heat is discharged to the heating process fluid at the heat recovery heat exchanger 216. Each of the condenser 214 and the heat recovery heat exchanger 216 is a heat exchanger that allows heat exchange between the working fluid and the source fluid or the heating process fluid while maintaining the separation of the respective fluids. After heat is discharged at the condenser 214 and the heat recovery heat exchanger 216, the working fluid may expand and then proceed to the evaporator 218, where it absorbs heat from the cooling process fluid. The working fluid can be any suitable working fluid used in the working fluid circuit 202, such as any suitable working fluid, like a refrigerant.

[0049] The heating process fluid loop 204 circulates the heating process fluid between the heat recovery heat exchanger 216 and the heating load 220. The heating process fluid loop 204 also includes at least one or more of a temperature sensor 222, a pump 224, and a control valve 226. The heating process fluid can be any suitable fluid (i.e., liquid or gas), for example, water, as a non-limiting example.

[0050] Temperature sensor 222 is a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of a heating process fluid. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors 222 may be included in the heating process fluid loop 204. In one embodiment, temperature sensor 222 may be located at or near the inlet of heat recovery heat exchanger 216. In one embodiment, temperature sensor 222 may be located at or near the outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger 216.

[0051] Pump 224 can be any suitable pump used to circulate the heating process fluid through the heating process fluid loop 204. In one embodiment, pump 224 has a controllable output. In one embodiment, pump 224 is controlled by a variable speed drive. In one embodiment, the output of pump 224 is controlled according to commands from controller 210, such as a specific flow rate or increasing or decreasing the flow rate through pump 224.

[0052] Control valve 226 is a controllable valve configured to control the flow rate through heating process fluid circuit 204. Control valve 226 can be any suitable valve for controlling the flow of heating process fluid, such as a variable-size orifice as a non-limiting example. Control valve 226 can be controlled based on commands from controller 210, such as to allow a desired amount of flow or desired flow rate through heating process fluid circuit 204.

[0053] Although targeting Figure 2 The process fluid loop 204 shown does not show a flow splitter mixing valve, but such as Figure 1 The diverter mixing valve 126 shown may optionally be included in the heating process fluid circuit 204. The cooling process fluid circuit 206 circulates the heating and cooling fluids between the evaporator 218 and the cooling load 230. The cooling process fluid circuit 204 also includes at least one or more of a temperature sensor 232, a pump 234, and a control valve 236. The cooling process fluid can be any suitable fluid (i.e., liquid or gas), such as water as a non-limiting example, and may optionally include additives such as antifreeze additives.

[0054] Temperature sensor 232 is a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the cooling process fluid. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors 232 may be included in the cooling process fluid loop 206. In one embodiment, temperature sensor 232 may be located at or near the inlet of evaporator 218. In one embodiment, temperature sensor 232 may be located at or near the outlet of evaporator 218.

[0055] Pump 234 can be any suitable pump used to circulate cooling process fluid through cooling process fluid loop 206. In one embodiment, pump 234 has a controllable output. In one embodiment, pump 234 is controlled by a variable speed drive. In one embodiment, the output of pump 234 is controlled according to commands from controller 210, such as a specific flow rate or increasing or decreasing the flow rate through pump 234.

[0056] Control valve 236 is a controllable valve configured to control the flow rate through cooling process fluid circuit 206. Control valve 236 can be any suitable valve for controlling the flow of cooling process fluid, such as a variable-size orifice as a non-limiting example. Control valve 236 can be controlled based on commands from controller 210, such as to allow a desired amount of flow or desired flow rate through cooling process fluid circuit 206.

[0057] Although targeting Figure 2 The cooling process fluid circuit 206 shown does not include a flow-dividing mixing valve, but such as Figure 1 The flow mixing valve, such as the flow mixing valve 136 shown, may optionally be included in the cooling process fluid circuit 206.

[0058] Source fluid loop 208 is a loop configured to circulate source fluid between condenser 214 and source heat exchanger 240. Source heat exchanger 240 allows heat exchange between the source fluid and a source. The source fluid can discharge heat to the source at source heat exchanger 240. As a non-limiting example, the source can be the surrounding environment, a body of water (e.g., ocean, lake, aquifer, etc.), a geothermal well, etc. In one embodiment, the source is at a temperature that is not significantly affected by heat exchange with the source fluid. Source fluid loop 208 may include, for example, condenser 214, heating or cooling source 240, temperature sensor 242, pump 244, flow mixing valve 246, and control valve 248. The source fluid can be any suitable fluid used for exchanging heat at condenser 214 and source heat exchanger 240, such as water as a non-limiting example, and optionally includes additives such as antifreeze additives.

[0059] Temperature sensor 232 is a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the cooling process fluid. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors 232 may be included in the cooling process fluid loop 206. In one embodiment, temperature sensor 232 may be located at or near the inlet of evaporator 218.

[0060] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for selecting an operating mode according to one embodiment is shown. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, at 302, it is determined whether to operate in a heating-priority mode or a cooling-priority mode. When it is determined to operate in a cooling-priority mode, at 306, it can be determined whether to operate in an adaptive cooling mode or a balanced cooling mode. When it is determined to operate in a heating-priority mode, at 304, it can be determined whether to operate in an adaptive heating mode or a balanced heating mode.

[0061] At point 302, operation in either heating or cooling priority mode can be determined. The determination of heating or cooling priority mode can be based on the operating conditions of the HVACR system, such as the corresponding heating and cooling loads, the setpoints for heating and cooling process fluids and / or deviations from said setpoints, or alternatively based on commands from other systems (e.g., BAS).

[0062] In one embodiment, at 302, operation in the determined heating or cooling priority mode can switch between heating priority mode and cooling priority mode based on which of the heating process fluids or cooling process fluids exceeds a threshold. The threshold may be based on a deviation from a setpoint indicating whether the heating load or cooling load is the primary load on the HVACR system. For example, the HVACR system may switch to heating priority mode when the cooling process fluid temperature drops below the setpoint by more than a threshold, or it may switch to cooling priority mode when the heating process fluid exceeds the setpoint by more than a threshold. In one embodiment, the threshold is a value selected to indicate overheating of the heating process fluid.

[0063] In one embodiment, the operating mode, whether a heating-priority or cooling-priority operating mode, may be indicated by another connection system such as a BAS. In one embodiment, the connection system such as a BAS indicates a specific operating mode, such as an adaptive cooling mode, a balanced cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, or a balanced heating mode. In one embodiment, the connection system such as a BAS indicates that the HVACR system is in a heating mode or a cooling mode, and the selection of the adaptive or balanced heating mode or cooling mode is determined as discussed below in steps 304 or 306.

[0064] When it is determined that operation is in cooling priority mode, at 306, it can be determined whether to operate in adaptive cooling mode or balanced cooling mode. In one embodiment, balanced cooling mode or adaptive cooling mode can be selected based on available control devices and / or corresponding heating and cooling modes. Adaptive cooling mode can be selected when no flow control device (e.g., variable output pump, control valve, and / or flow-splitting mixing valve) is available for the heating or cooling process fluid loop. Adaptive mode can also be selected when the combination of controlled flows through the heating and cooling process fluid loops may not satisfy both heating load and / or cooling load. Balanced mode can be selected when one or more of the cooling process fluid loop, heating process fluid loop, or source fluid loop includes one or more flow control devices (such as variable output pump, control valve, or flow-splitting mixing valve). Balanced cooling mode can be selected when controlling the flow by using one or more control devices to simultaneously satisfy heating load and cooling load. An example of operation in adaptive cooling mode is described below, and... Figure 4 The following describes an example of operation in balanced cooling mode, as shown in [the image]. Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0065] When it is determined that operation is in heating priority mode, at 304, it can be determined whether to operate in adaptive heating mode or balanced heating mode. In one embodiment, balanced heating mode or adaptive heating mode can be selected based on available control devices and / or corresponding heating and cooling modes. Adaptive heating mode can be selected when no flow control device (e.g., variable output pump, control valve, and / or flow-splitting mixing valve) is available for the heating or cooling process fluid loop. Adaptive heating mode can also be selected when the combination of controlled flows through the heating and cooling process fluid loops may not satisfy both heating and / or cooling loads. Balanced heating mode can be selected when one or more of the cooling process fluid loop, heating process fluid loop, or source fluid loop includes one or more flow control devices (such as variable output pump, control valve, or flow-splitting mixing valve). Balanced heating mode can be selected when controlling the flow using one or more flow control devices to simultaneously satisfy heating and cooling loads. An example of operation in adaptive heating mode is described below, and... Figure 6 The following describes an example of operation in the balanced heating mode, as shown in [the diagram]. Figure 7 As shown in the image.

[0066] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for operating an HVACR system in an adaptive cooling mode according to one embodiment is shown. The adaptive cooling mode 400 includes controlling the temperature of the cooling process fluid to achieve a target temperature 402, monitoring the temperature of the heating process fluid 404, determining whether to stop or unload the compressor 406, and stopping or unloading the compressor 408.

[0067] At 402, the temperature of the cooling process fluid is controlled to achieve a target temperature. The temperature of the cooling process fluid can be controlled by controlling the operation of the working fluid circuit used to cool the process fluid, for example, by controlling the operation of a compressor included in the working fluid circuit to bring the cooling process fluid temperature close to the target temperature. For example, the compressor capacity can be increased when the working fluid temperature is above the target temperature. The target temperature can be a setpoint for the cooling process fluid. The target temperature can be controlled based on the location of the cooling setpoint, measured by a temperature sensor, for example, according to the desired temperature of the cooling process fluid at or near the inlet or outlet of the evaporator in the working fluid circuit, at which the working fluid absorbs heat from the cooling process fluid.

[0068] At 404, the temperature of the heating process fluid is monitored. This temperature can be monitored using one or more temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of the heating process fluid within the heating process fluid loop. In one embodiment, the temperature of the heating process fluid is not actively controlled during adaptive cooling mode 400. In an embodiment of adaptive cooling mode 400, the temperature of the heating process fluid may vary with the heat discharged to the heating process fluid at the condenser or heat recovery heat exchanger in the working fluid loop. The temperature sensor used to monitor the heating process fluid at 404 can be located anywhere along the heating process fluid loop. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors can be used at 404 to monitor the temperature of the heating process fluid. In one embodiment, one or more temperature sensors used to monitor the temperature of the heating process fluid 404 may be located at or near the inlet or outlet of a heat exchanger in which the heating process fluid exchanges heat with the working fluid, such as a condenser or heat recovery heat exchanger.

[0069] At 406, it is determined whether to stop or unload the compressor. This determination can be based on the temperature of the heating process fluid monitored at 404. In one embodiment, the temperature of the heating process fluid monitored at 404 is compared to a threshold to determine at 406 whether to stop or unload the compressor. The threshold can be, for example, a predetermined value based on the operating range of the HVAC system, such as the maximum permissible temperature for heating the process fluid. In one embodiment, determining whether to stop or unload the compressor at 406 can be based on parameters indicating load or capacity. As a non-limiting example, at 406, the flow rate of each fluid and the desired temperature difference between the process fluids can be used to determine whether to stop or unload the compressor. When it is determined at 406 that the compressor does not need to be stopped or unloaded, for example by keeping the temperature below a threshold, the adaptive cooling mode can continue iteratively until the threshold is exceeded or the operating mode changes, for example by continuing to control the temperature of the cooling process fluid at 402 to achieve the target temperature. When it is determined at 406 that the compressor will be stopped or unloaded, for example when the temperature of the heating process fluid monitored at 404 exceeds a threshold, the compressor can be stopped or unloaded at 408. Stopping or unloading the compressor at 408 can be based on the compressor's current state and / or the temperature of the heating process fluid over time. In a non-limiting example, stopping or unloading the compressor at 408 can include increasing the compressor's unloading and stopping the compressor if the heating process fluid temperature remains too high after the compressor has been fully unloaded. In one embodiment, stopping or unloading the compressor at 408 can include stopping the compressor or selecting an unloading level based on the duration the heating process fluid temperature has risen or the degree to which the heating process fluid temperature has risen, for example, compared to a threshold. When unloaded at 408, the compressor can subsequently increase its capacity again if permitted based on the temperature of the heating process fluid. When stopped at 408, the compressor can be restarted according to the HVACR system's compressor restart procedure, such as a delay before a restart operation is permitted, a restart according to soft load rules, or any other suitable control affecting the restart of the compressor in the HVACR system.

[0070] Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for operating an HVACR system in a balanced cooling mode according to one embodiment is shown. The balanced cooling mode 500 includes determining the temperature of a cooling process fluid 502, determining the flow rate and / or temperature of one or both of a heating process fluid and a source fluid 504, and controlling the HVACR system 506 using the determined flow rate and / or temperature of the heating process fluid and / or source fluid to provide the cooling process fluid temperature.

[0071] The cooling process fluid temperature can be determined at 502. The cooling process fluid temperature can be based on the cooling load and / or the unit or system requirements of the HVACR system. The cooling process fluid temperature can be determined according to any suitable method used to set the desired temperature of the HVACR system to meet cooling requirements, such as the cooling load provided by one or more structures cooled by the HVACR system.

[0072] At 504, the flow rate and / or temperature of one or both of the heating process fluid and the source fluid are determined. The flow rate and / or temperature can be determined as the flow rate and temperature of one or both of the heating process fluid and the source fluid that allow the HVACR system to achieve a desired temperature for the cooling process fluid. This temperature can be the temperature of the heating process fluid and / or the source fluid at the point where that temperature is measured by a temperature sensor located along the respective fluid loop. As a non-limiting example, this temperature can be the inlet or outlet temperature at or near the inlet or outlet of the condenser and / or heat recovery heat exchanger of the working fluid loop. The flow rate and / or temperature can be further selected to maintain other desired operating conditions, for example, to keep these other operating conditions within safe ranges. These other operating conditions can include, for example, condenser fluid temperature, condenser refrigerant temperature, condenser refrigerant pressure per compressor lift, or any other suitable conditions for a particular HVACR system, particularly the working fluid loop used in the HVACR system. In one embodiment, the temperature is the desired temperature for heating the process fluid, for example based on heating requirements, a heating temperature setpoint, etc. In an embodiment where the temperature is the desired temperature for heating the process fluid, the flow rate of the heating process fluid can be selected to achieve the respective desired temperatures of both the cooling and heating process fluids.

[0073] At 506, the HVACR system is operated to achieve a determined cooling process fluid temperature using a determined temperature and / or flow rate of the heating process fluid and / or source fluid. The flow of the heating process fluid and / or source fluid can be controlled based on the flow rate and / or temperature determined at 504. The flow rate of the heating process fluid and / or source fluid can be controlled using any suitable flow control device included in the respective heating process fluid loop and source fluid loop. Non-limiting examples of flow control include variable capacity pumps, split mixing valves, and control valves, such as those described above. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The variable capacity pumps, flow-diverting mixing valves, and control valves shown are included. During operation at 506, the temperature of the cooling process fluid, the temperature and flow rate of the heating process fluid and / or source fluid, and some or all of other operating conditions can be monitored and used to iteratively or continuously repeat the determination of flow rate and / or temperature at 504, which can then be used to update the operation of the HVACR system at 506.

[0074] In one embodiment, the operation of the HVACR system in balanced cooling mode 500 and the operation of the HVACR system in adaptive cooling mode 400 can be performed simultaneously, and the two control devices operate simultaneously to control the compressor and flow control devices of the HVACR system by adjusting the flow in both the heating fluid circuit and / or the source fluid circuit, and by stopping or unloading the compressor based on the heating process fluid temperature when necessary.

[0075] Figure 6 A flowchart of a method for operating an HVACR system in an adaptive heating mode according to one embodiment is shown. The adaptive heating mode 600 includes controlling the temperature of the heating process fluid to achieve a target temperature 602, monitoring the temperature of the cooling process fluid 604, determining at 606 whether to stop or unload the compressor, and stopping or unloading the compressor 608.

[0076] At point 602, the temperature of the heating process fluid is controlled to achieve a target temperature. The temperature of the heating process fluid can be controlled by controlling the operation of the working fluid circuit used to heat the process fluid, for example, by controlling the operation of a compressor included in the working fluid circuit in a manner that brings the temperature of the heating process fluid close to the target temperature. For example, when the working fluid is below the target temperature, the compressor capacity can be increased. The target temperature can be a setpoint for heating the process fluid. The target temperature can be controlled based on the temperature of the heating setpoint, measured by a temperature sensor, for example, according to the desired temperature of the cooling process fluid at or near the inlet or outlet of the condenser or heat recovery heat exchanger in the working fluid circuit, where the working fluid dissipates heat to the heating process fluid.

[0077] At 604, the temperature of the cooling process fluid is monitored. The temperature can be monitored using one or more temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of the cooling process fluid in the cooling process fluid loop. In one embodiment, the temperature of the heating process fluid is not actively controlled during adaptive heating mode 600. In an embodiment of adaptive heating mode 600, the temperature of the cooling process fluid may vary with the heat absorbed from the cooling process fluid at the evaporator in the working fluid loop. The temperature sensor at 604 for monitoring the cooling process fluid can be located anywhere along the cooling process fluid loop. In one embodiment, multiple temperature sensors can be used at 604 to monitor the temperature of the cooling process fluid. In one embodiment, one or more temperature sensors at 604 for monitoring the temperature of the cooling process fluid may be located at or near the inlet or outlet of a heat exchanger (e.g., an evaporator) where the heating process fluid exchanges heat with the working fluid.

[0078] At 606, it is determined whether to stop or unload the compressor. This determination can be based on the temperature of the cooling process fluid monitored at 604. In one embodiment, the temperature of the cooling process fluid monitored at 604 is compared to a threshold to determine at 606 whether to stop or unload the compressor. This threshold can be, for example, a predetermined value based on the operating range of the HVAC system, such as a minimum permissible temperature of the cooling process fluid, a temperature within a safety margin of the freezing temperature of the cooling process fluid, or any other suitable threshold for the minimum value of the cooling process fluid that can be used to trigger the stopping or unloading of the compressor in the working fluid loop. In one embodiment, determining whether to stop or unload the compressor at 606 can be based on parameters indicating load or capacity. As a non-limiting example, at 606, the flow rate of each fluid and the desired temperature difference between the process fluids can be used to determine whether to stop or unload the compressor. When it is determined at 606 that the compressor does not need to be stopped or unloaded, for example by maintaining the temperature above a threshold, the adaptive heating mode can continue iteratively until the threshold is no longer met or exceeded, or the operating mode changes, for example by continuing to control the temperature of the heating process fluid at 602 to achieve a target temperature. When it is determined at 606 that the compressor will be stopped or unloaded, for example when the temperature of the cooling process fluid monitored at 604 is below a threshold, the compressor can be stopped or unloaded at 608. Stopping or unloading the compressor at 608 can be based on the current state of the compressor and / or the temperature of the cooling process fluid over time. In a non-limiting example, stopping or unloading the compressor at 608 can include increasing the unloading of the compressor and stopping the compressor if the cooling process fluid temperature remains too low after the compressor is fully unloaded. In one embodiment, stopping or unloading the compressor at 608 can include stopping the compressor or selecting the unloading level based on the duration for which the heating process fluid temperature has risen or the degree to which the heating process fluid temperature has risen, for example, compared to a threshold. When unloaded at 608, the compressor can subsequently increase its capacity again based on the temperature of the heating process fluid, if permitted. When stopped at 608, the compressor can be restarted according to the compressor restart procedure of the HVACR system, such as a delay before a restart operation is permitted, a restart according to soft load rules, or any other suitable control affecting the restart of the compressor in the HVACR system.

[0079] Figure 7 A flowchart of a method for operating an HVACR system in a balanced heating mode according to one embodiment is shown. The balanced heating mode 700 includes determining the temperature of the heating process fluid 702, determining the flow rate and / or temperature of the cooling process fluid and / or source fluid 704, and controlling the HVACR system 706 using the determined fluid flow rate and / or temperature of the cooling process fluid and / or source fluid to provide the heating process fluid temperature.

[0080] At point 702, the heating process fluid temperature can be determined. The heating process fluid temperature can be based on the heating load of the HVACR system and / or unit or system requirements. The heating process fluid temperature can be determined according to any suitable method used to set the desired temperature of the HVACR system to meet heating demands, such as the heating load provided by one or more structures heated by the HVACR system. This heating demand can include, for example, the needs from water heaters, terminal units for heating spaces within a building served by the HVACR system, or any other such heating load.

[0081] At 704, the flow rate and / or temperature of one or both of the cooling process fluid and the source fluid are determined. This flow rate and / or temperature can be determined as the flow rate and temperature of one or both of the cooling process fluid and the source fluid that allows the HVACR system to achieve the desired temperature of the heating process fluid. This temperature can be the temperature of the cooling process fluid and / or the source fluid at the point where that temperature is measured by a temperature sensor located along the respective fluid loop. As a non-limiting example, this temperature can be the inlet or outlet temperature of the evaporator and / or heat recovery heat exchanger of the working fluid loop, or near said inlet or outlet. The flow rate and / or temperature can be further selected to maintain other desired operating conditions, for example, to keep these other operating conditions within safe ranges. These other operating conditions can include, for example, condenser fluid temperature, condenser refrigerant temperature, condenser refrigerant pressure per compressor lift, or any other suitable conditions for a particular HVACR system, particularly the working fluid loop used in that HVACR system. In one embodiment, the temperature is the desired temperature of the cooling process fluid, for example, based on cooling requirements, a cooling temperature setpoint, etc. In an embodiment where the temperature is the desired temperature of the cooling process fluid, the flow rate of the cooling process fluid can be a flow rate selected to achieve the respective desired temperatures of both the cooling process fluid and the heating process fluid.

[0082] At 706, the HVACR system is operated to achieve a determined heating process fluid temperature using a determined temperature and / or flow rate of the cooling process fluid and / or source fluid. The flow of the cooling process fluid and / or source fluid can be controlled based on the flow rate and / or temperature determined at 704. The flow rate of the cooling process fluid and / or source fluid can be controlled using any suitable flow control device included in the respective cooling process fluid loop and source fluid loop. Non-limiting examples of flow control devices include variable capacity pumps, split mixing valves, and control valves, such as those described above and in... Figure 1 and Figure 2The variable capacity pump, split mixing valve, and control valve are shown in the diagram. During operation at 706, some or all of the following operating conditions—the temperature of the heating process fluid, the temperature and flow rate of the cooling process fluid and / or the source fluid, and other operating conditions—can be monitored and used to iteratively or continuously repeat the determination of flow rate and / or temperature at 704, which can then be used at 706 to update the operation of the HVACR system.

[0083] In one embodiment, the operation of the HVACR system in balanced heating mode 600 and the operation of the HVACR system in adaptive heating mode 700 can be performed simultaneously, and both controls operate simultaneously to control the compressor and flow control device of the HVACR system.

[0084] aspect:

[0085] It is understood that any one of aspects 1-7 can be combined with any one of aspects 8-12 or any one of aspects 13-19. It is understood that any one of aspects 8-12 can be combined with any one of aspects 13-19.

[0086] Aspect 1. A heating, ventilation, air conditioning and cooling (HVACR) system, comprising:

[0087] A compressor configured to compress a working fluid;

[0088] A first heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a first process fluid, wherein the first process fluid further exchanges heat with a heating load.

[0089] A second heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a second process fluid, wherein the second process fluid exchanges heat with a cooling load.

[0090] A first temperature sensor, configured to measure the temperature of the first process fluid;

[0091] A second temperature sensor, configured to measure the temperature of the second process fluid; and

[0092] A controller configured to cause the HVACR system to operate selectively in a mode selected from a group including at least one of the following modes:

[0093] An adaptive cooling mode, wherein the adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the second process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the first process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold.

[0094] An adaptive heating mode, wherein the adaptive heating mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the first process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the second process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold.

[0095] A balanced cooling mode, wherein the flow rate of the first process fluid is controlled to meet the balanced cooling target temperature of the first process fluid and the second process fluid; and

[0096] In the balanced heating mode, the flow rate of the second process fluid is controlled to meet the balanced heating target temperature of the first process fluid and the second process fluid.

[0097] Aspect 2. The HVACR system according to aspect 1, wherein the group includes the adaptive cooling mode, the adaptive heating mode, the balanced cooling mode and the balanced heating mode.

[0098] Aspect 3. The HVACR system according to aspect 1 or 2 further includes a third heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a third process fluid, wherein the third process fluid further exchanges heat with the surrounding environment.

[0099] Aspect 4. The HVACR system according to aspect 3 further includes a pump configured to provide a variable flow of the third process fluid, wherein the balanced cooling mode further includes using the pump to regulate the variable flow of the third process fluid.

[0100] Aspect 5. The HVACR system according to any one of Aspects 1-4, wherein the first temperature sensor measures the temperature of the first process fluid at the location where the first process fluid exits the first heat exchanger, and the second temperature sensor measures the temperature of the second process fluid at the location where the second process fluid exits the second heat exchanger.

[0101] Aspect 6. The HVACR system according to any one of Aspects 1-5 further includes at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a fluid loop for the first process fluid, and wherein the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, or the flow-dividing mixing valve when in the balanced cooling mode.

[0102] Aspect 7. The HVACR system according to any one of Aspects 1-6 further includes at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a fluid loop for the second process fluid, and wherein the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, or the flow-dividing mixing valve when in the balanced heating mode.

[0103] Aspect 8. A control system for a heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR) system, comprising:

[0104] A controller is configured to cause the HVACR system to operate selectively in a mode selected from a group consisting of at least one of the following modes:

[0105] An adaptive cooling mode, wherein the adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for cooling the process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold.

[0106] An adaptive heating mode, wherein the adaptive heating mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the heating process fluid, and controlling the HVACR system to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold.

[0107] A balanced cooling mode, wherein the flow rate of the heating process fluid is controlled to achieve a balanced cooling target temperature for both the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid; and

[0108] In the balanced heating mode, the flow rate of the cooling process fluid is controlled to achieve a balanced heating target temperature between the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid.

[0109] Aspect 9. The control system according to aspect 8, wherein the group includes the adaptive cooling mode, the adaptive heating mode, the balanced cooling mode and the balanced heating mode.

[0110] Aspect 10. The control system according to aspect 8 or 9, wherein the controller is further configured to control a pump configured to provide a variable flow of source process fluid, and at least one of the balanced cooling mode and the balanced heating mode further includes directing the pump to regulate the variable flow of the source process fluid.

[0111] Aspect 11. The control system as described in any one of Aspects 8-10, wherein the controller is connected to at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a circuit for the fluid in the heating process, and the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, or the flow-dividing mixing valve when in the balanced cooling mode.

[0112] Aspect 12. The control system as described in any one of Aspects 8-11, wherein the controller is connected to at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a circuit for the cooling process fluid, and the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, or the flow-dividing mixing valve when in the balanced heating mode.

[0113] Aspect 13. A method for controlling a heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR) system, comprising:

[0114] Select an operating mode from a group including at least one of adaptive cooling mode, adaptive heating mode, balanced cooling mode, and balanced heating mode; and

[0115] The HVACR system is then configured to operate according to the specified operating mode.

[0116] in:

[0117] The adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the cooling process fluid, and unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold.

[0118] The adaptive heating mode includes controlling the HVACR system to achieve a target temperature for the heating process fluid, and unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold.

[0119] The balanced cooling mode includes controlling the flow rate of the heating process fluid to achieve a balanced cooling target temperature for both the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid; and

[0120] The balanced heating mode includes controlling the flow rate of the cooling process fluid to achieve a balanced heating target temperature for the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid.

[0121] Aspect 14. The method according to aspect 13, wherein selecting the operating mode includes:

[0122] The decision to prioritize cooling or heating is based on the balance between cooling and heating requirements.

[0123] When prioritizing cooling, select either the adaptive cooling mode or the balanced cooling mode, and

[0124] When prioritizing heating, select either the adaptive heating mode or the balanced heating mode.

[0125] Aspect 15. The method according to aspect 13 or 14, wherein operating the HVACR system in at least one of the balanced cooling mode or the balanced heating mode comprises:

[0126] The amount of variable flow of the source fluid that is separated from the cooling process fluid and the heating process fluid is controlled.

[0127] Aspect 16. The method according to any one of Aspects 13-15, wherein operating the HVACR system in the balanced heating mode comprises:

[0128] The regulator is included in at least one of a pump, control valve, or flow mixing valve in the cooling process fluid circuit.

[0129] Aspect 17. The method according to any one of Aspects 13-16, wherein operating the HVACR system in the balanced cooling mode comprises:

[0130] The regulator is included in at least one of a pump, control valve, or flow mixing valve in the fluid loop of the heating process.

[0131] Aspect 18. The method according to any one of Aspects 13-17, wherein operating the HVACR system in the balanced cooling mode further comprises:

[0132] When the temperature of the fluid in the heating process exceeds the heating safety threshold, the compressor should be unloaded or stopped.

[0133] Aspect 19. The method according to any one of Aspects 13-18, wherein operating the HVACR system in the balanced heating mode further comprises:

[0134] When the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below the cooling safety threshold, the compressor is unloaded or stopped.

[0135] The embodiments disclosed in this application should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive in all respects. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description; and all modifications within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are included therein.

Claims

1. A heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration system, comprising: A compressor configured to compress a working fluid; A first heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a first process fluid, wherein the first process fluid further exchanges heat with a heating load. A second heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a second process fluid, wherein the second process fluid exchanges heat with a cooling load. A first temperature sensor, configured to measure the temperature of the first process fluid; A second temperature sensor, configured to measure the temperature of the second process fluid; as well as A controller configured to selectively operate the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems in a mode selected from a group comprising each of the following modes: An adaptive cooling mode, wherein the adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to achieve a target temperature for the second process fluid, and controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the first process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. An adaptive heating mode, wherein the adaptive heating mode includes controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to achieve a target temperature for the first process fluid, and controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the second process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. Balanced cooling mode, wherein the flow rate of the first process fluid is controlled to meet the balanced cooling target temperature of the first process fluid and the second process fluid; as well as In a balanced heating mode, the flow rate of the second process fluid is controlled to achieve a balanced heating target temperature for both the first and second process fluids. The controller is configured to determine the mode by the following steps: Determine heating priority or cooling priority, and Based on the available control devices and / or whether heating and cooling loads can be met simultaneously, determine the balanced heating mode, balanced cooling mode, adaptive heating mode, or adaptive cooling mode.

2. The heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration system of claim 1 further includes a third heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the working fluid and a third process fluid, wherein the third process fluid further exchanges heat with the surrounding environment.

3. The heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration system of claim 2 further includes a pump configured to provide a variable flow of the third process fluid, wherein the balanced cooling mode further includes using the pump to regulate the variable flow of the third process fluid.

4. The heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration system as described in claim 1, wherein, The first temperature sensor measures the temperature of the first process fluid at the location where the first process fluid leaves the first heat exchanger, and the second temperature sensor measures the temperature of the second process fluid at the location where the second process fluid leaves the second heat exchanger.

5. The heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration system of claim 1, further comprising at least one of a pump, a control valve and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a fluid loop for the first process fluid, and wherein the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve or the flow-dividing mixing valve when in the balanced cooling mode.

6. The heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration system of claim 1, further comprising at least one of a pump, a control valve and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in a fluid loop for the second process fluid, wherein the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve or the flow-dividing mixing valve when in the balanced heating mode.

7. A control system for heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems, comprising: A controller is configured to selectively operate the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration system in a mode selected from the group consisting of at least one of the following modes: An adaptive cooling mode, wherein the adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to achieve a target temperature for the cooling process fluid, and controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to unload or stop the compressors of the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. An adaptive heating mode, wherein the adaptive heating mode includes controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to achieve a target temperature for the heating process fluid, and controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to unload or stop the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. In a balanced cooling mode, the flow rate of the heating process fluid is controlled to achieve a balanced cooling target temperature for both the heating and cooling process fluids. In a balanced heating mode, the flow rate of the cooling process fluid is controlled to achieve a balanced heating target temperature between the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid. The controller is configured to determine the mode by the following steps: Determine heating priority or cooling priority, and Based on the available control devices and / or whether heating and cooling loads can be met simultaneously, determine the balanced heating mode, balanced cooling mode, adaptive heating mode, or adaptive cooling mode.

8. The control system as described in claim 7, wherein, The controller is also configured to control a pump configured to provide a variable flow of source process fluid, and at least one of the balanced cooling mode and the balanced heating mode further includes directing the pump to regulate the variable flow of the source process fluid.

9. The control system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The controller is connected to at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in the circuit for the fluid used in the heating process, and the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, or the flow-dividing mixing valve when the balanced cooling mode is in effect.

10. The control system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The controller is connected to at least one of a pump, a control valve, and a flow-dividing mixing valve included in the circuit for the cooling process fluid, and the controller is configured to regulate at least one of the pump, the control valve, or the flow-dividing mixing valve when the balanced heating mode is in effect.

11. A method for controlling a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration system, comprising: Selecting an operating mode, wherein the operating mode is selected from a group including each of adaptive cooling mode, adaptive heating mode, balanced cooling mode, and balanced heating mode, wherein selecting the operating mode includes: Determine heating priority or cooling priority, and Based on the available control devices and whether heating and cooling loads can be simultaneously met, determine a balanced heating mode, a balanced cooling mode, an adaptive heating mode, or an adaptive cooling mode; and The heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems shall operate according to the operating mode. in: The adaptive cooling mode includes controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to achieve a target temperature for the cooling process fluid, and unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the heating process fluid exceeds a heating safety threshold. The adaptive heating mode includes controlling the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems to achieve a target temperature for the heating process fluid, and unloading or stopping the compressor when the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below a cooling safety threshold. The balanced cooling mode includes controlling the flow rate of the heating process fluid to achieve a balanced cooling target temperature for both the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid; and The balanced heating mode includes controlling the flow rate of the cooling process fluid to achieve a balanced heating target temperature for the heating process fluid and the cooling process fluid.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, Operating the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems in at least one of the balanced cooling mode or the balanced heating mode includes: The amount of variable flow of the source fluid that is separated from the cooling process fluid and the heating process fluid is controlled.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein, Operating the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems in the balanced heating mode includes: The regulator is at least one of a pump, control valve, or flow mixing valve included in the cooling process fluid circuit.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein, Operating the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems in the balanced cooling mode includes: The regulator is at least one of a pump, control valve, or flow mixing valve included in the fluid loop of the heating process.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein, Operating the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems in the balanced cooling mode further includes: When the temperature of the fluid in the heating process exceeds the heating safety threshold, the compressor should be unloaded or stopped.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein, Operating the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems in the balanced heating mode further includes: When the temperature of the cooling process fluid drops below the cooling safety threshold, the compressor is unloaded or stopped.

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