Communication systems, antennas and their manufacturing methods

Abstract

This invention relates to a communication system, an antenna, and a method for manufacturing the same. The antenna includes a radiating element, a reflector, a phase shifter, and a feed element. The radiating element includes a dipole base and a radiating plate. The network connection terminal of the phase-shifting network board can transmit the antenna signal to the feed element, which then feeds the antenna signal to the radiating plate. During the transmission of the antenna signal through the feed element, the dipole base and the feed element balance the transmission current in the radiating plate, allowing the radiating plate to transmit the antenna signal outwards. Conversely, the radiating plate can also receive the antenna signal and transmit it to the phase-shifting network board through the feed element and the network connection terminal. The dipole base and reflector are both metal parts, integrally extruded, eliminating the need for separate manufacturing, simplifying assembly, and increasing assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the integrated design reduces the antenna height, achieving miniaturization. In mass production applications, it offers high production efficiency and significant cost advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a communication system, an antenna, and a method for manufacturing the same. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mobile communications, antennas are also facing technological upgrades. On the one hand, antenna development should align with the national green and low-carbon strategy, evolving towards electroplating-free and recyclable antenna technologies. This aims to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction throughout the entire process from raw materials to finished products, while reducing network losses, improving efficiency and energy consumption, and enabling low-carbon operation of wireless networks. On the other hand, antennas are developing towards modularization and automation to improve production efficiency and consistency in mass production. In existing technologies, antennas typically include key components such as radiating elements, reflectors, and phase shifters. The phase shifter is welded to the antenna radiating element via coaxial cable, resulting in numerous solder points. The radiating element and phase shifter generally require electroplating a metal layer on the surface of an insulating medium. This is especially true for multi-band antennas, which have complex structures, are difficult to assemble, cannot achieve automated production, and have high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a communication system, antenna and manufacturing method thereof that are easy to assemble, highly automated, highly efficient and cost-effective.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows: An antenna, comprising: a radiating element and a reflector, the radiating element comprising a vibrator base and a radiating plate, the vibrator base and the radiating plate being coupled or welded together, the vibrator base and the reflector being integrally extruded; a phase shifter and a feed element, the phase shifter comprising a cavity and a phase shifting network plate disposed inside the cavity, the cavity being disposed on the reflector on a side opposite to the radiating element, one end of the feed element penetrating through the reflector and the cavity and extending into the cavity, and being coupled or welded together with the network connection end of the phase shifting network plate, the other end of the feed element being coupled or welded together with the radiating plate.

[0005] When the antenna described above is operating, the network connection terminal of the phase-shifting network board can transmit the antenna signal to the feed element, which then feeds the antenna signal into the radiating plate. During the transmission of the antenna signal through the feed element, the dipole base and the feed element balance the transmission current in the radiating plate, allowing the radiating plate to transmit the antenna signal outwards. Conversely, the radiating plate can also receive the antenna signal and transmit it to the phase-shifting network board through the feed element and the network connection terminal. The dipole base and the reflector are both metal parts, integrally extruded, eliminating the need for separate manufacturing as in traditional technologies, thus simplifying assembly and increasing assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the integrated design reduces the antenna height, enabling miniaturization. In mass production applications, it offers high production efficiency and significant cost advantages.

[0006] In one embodiment, the vibrator base, the reflector, and the cavity are integrally extruded; or, the cavity is welded and fixed to the reflector.

[0007] In one embodiment, the antenna further includes an insulating support located between the radiating plate and the vibrator base; the insulating support is disposed on the vibrator base, the radiating plate is disposed on the insulating support, and the feed element is disposed on the insulating support.

[0008] In one embodiment, the insulating support includes a body and a first snap-fit ​​portion and a docking portion disposed on the body; the vibrator seat is provided with a first snap-fit ​​hole that snaps into the first snap-fit ​​portion; the radiating sheet is provided with a docking hole corresponding to the docking portion, and the docking portion is fixedly disposed in the docking hole.

[0009] In one embodiment, the top surface of the oscillator base is provided with a coupling plate, which is coupled and fed to the radiating plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the antenna further includes director plates spaced apart above the radiating plate; the insulating support has a support portion penetrating the radiating plate, the support portion being connected to the director plates.

[0011] In one embodiment, the radiating plate includes two pairs of dipoles arranged in a cross shape, each pair of dipoles including two radiating arms arranged diagonally; the oscillator base includes four balun segments corresponding to the four radiating arms; each balun segment has a clearance groove extending from its top surface to the reflector, the reflector has two first through holes corresponding to the positions of two adjacent clearance grooves, and the cavity has two second through holes corresponding to the positions of the two first through holes; the power supply component includes a first vertical section that extends through the clearance groove, the first through hole, and the second through hole into the cavity and is coupled or welded to the network connection end.

[0012] In one embodiment, the radiating plate includes two pairs of dipoles arranged in a cross shape, each pair of dipoles including two radiating arms arranged diagonally; the oscillator base includes four balun segments corresponding to the four radiating arms, the four balun segments forming a cross-shaped horizontal and vertical spacing; the power supply includes a first vertical segment, one of which is disposed in the horizontal spacing and extends through the horizontal spacing to the surface of the reflector, and the other is disposed in the vertical spacing and extends through the vertical spacing to the surface of the reflector.

[0013] In one embodiment, each power supply component further includes two power divider networks disposed on the surface of the reflector plate. The two power divider networks are electrically connected to the two first vertical segments respectively. Each power divider network is provided with an insertion part. The reflector plate is provided with two first through holes corresponding to the two insertion parts. Two phase shifters are provided. The cavities of the two phase shifters are provided with two second through holes corresponding to the positions of the two first through holes. The insertion part passes through the first through holes and the second through holes and extends into the interior of the cavity to be coupled or welded to the network connection end.

[0014] In one embodiment, the sides of the two cavities are connected to each other, and the connection position of the two cavities is offset from the central axis of the oscillator seat.

[0015] In one embodiment, the wiring surface of the cavity parallel to the phase-shifting network plate located inside it is defined as a first side surface, and the side surface of the cavity perpendicular to the first side surface is defined as a second side surface; the first side surface of both cavities is connected to the side surface of the reflector that is away from the radiating unit, or the second side surface of both cavities is connected to the side surface of the reflector that is away from the radiating unit.

[0016] In one embodiment, the reflector has a boundary; the boundary and the reflector are integrally extruded.

[0017] In one embodiment, a welding column is provided on the top surface of the oscillator base, and the radiating plate is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the welding column. The welding column is inserted into the mounting hole and welded to the radiating plate.

[0018] A method for manufacturing the antenna, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] Provide metal materials;

[0020] The metal material is extruded to form a first component and a second component connected to the first component;

[0021] The first component is processed to form a reflector plate, and the second component is processed to form a vibrator base;

[0022] Assemble the phase shifter and power supply components.

[0023] The antenna manufacturing method described above uses metal parts for both the vibrator base and the reflector plate, and they are integrally extruded, thus eliminating the need for separate manufacturing as in traditional technologies. This simplifies assembly and increases assembly efficiency. At the same time, the integrated design reduces the height of the antenna, enabling miniaturization. In mass production applications, it offers high production efficiency and significant cost advantages.

[0024] In one embodiment, in the step of extruding the metal material to form the first component and the second component, a third component connected to the first component is also extruded and formed, and the third component is processed to form the cavity of the phase shifter. The step of assembling the phase shifter specifically involves installing the phase shifting network plate of the phase shifter into the cavity.

[0025] A communication system, the communication system including the antenna described above.

[0026] In the aforementioned communication system, the network connection terminal of the phase-shifting network board can transmit the antenna signal to the feed element, which then feeds the antenna signal into the radiating plate. During the transmission of the antenna signal through the feed element, the dipole base and the feed element balance the transmission current of the radiating plate, allowing the radiating plate to transmit the antenna signal outwards. Conversely, the radiating plate can also receive the antenna signal and transmit it to the phase-shifting network board through the feed element and the network connection terminal. The dipole base and the reflector are both metal parts, integrally extruded, eliminating the need for separate manufacturing as in traditional technologies, thus simplifying assembly and increasing assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the integrated design reduces the antenna height, enabling miniaturization. In mass production applications, it offers high production efficiency and significant cost advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention from one viewpoint;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a side view of the cavity, reflector, and vibrator mount of the antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A top-view structural diagram;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention from one viewpoint.

[0034] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a top view of the two power supply components and the vibrator base according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a side view of the cavity, reflector, and vibrator mount of the antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a side view of the antenna structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention from one viewpoint.

[0039] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the antenna according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a top view of the antenna's vibrator mount according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a side view of the antenna structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna cavity separated according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] 10. Radiating unit; 11. Oscillator base; 111. First snap-fit ​​hole; 112. Coupling plate; 1121. Third through hole; 113. Balun split; 1131. Clearance groove; 114. Lateral spacing; 115. Vertical spacing; 116. Connecting part; 117. Welding column; 118. Recess; 12. Radiating plate; 121. Butt hole; 122. Radiating arm; 123. Mounting hole; 20. Reflector; 21. Boundary; 22. First through hole; 30. Phase shifter ; 31. Cavity; 32. Phase-shifting network board; 40. Feeding component; 41. First vertical section; 42. Horizontal section; 43. Second vertical section; 44. Port 1; 45. Port 2; 46. Port 3; 47. Port 4; 50. Insulating support component; 51. Body; 511. Fixing hole; 512. Support rod; 513. Fixing gap; 52. First snap-fit ​​part; 53. Docking part; 60. Power divider network; 61. Insertion part; 70. Low-frequency antenna; 80. High-frequency antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] See Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 A structural diagram of the antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown from one viewpoint. Figure 2 An exploded view of the antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A side view of the cavity 31, reflector 20 and vibrator base 11 of the antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 It shows Figure 3A top view of the structure is shown. An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna comprising: a radiating element 10, a reflector 20, a phase shifter 30, and a feed element 40. The radiating element 10 includes a dipole base 11 and a radiating plate 12. The dipole base 11 and the radiating plate 12 are coupled or welded together, and the dipole base 11 and the reflector 20 are integrally extruded. The phase shifter 30 includes a cavity 31 and a phase-shifting network plate 32 disposed inside the cavity 31. The cavity 31 is disposed on the reflector 20 on a side facing away from the radiating element 10. One end of the feed element 40 penetrates the reflector 20 and the cavity 31, extending into the cavity 31 and coupled or welded to the network connection end (not shown) of the phase-shifting network plate 32. The other end of the feed element 40 is coupled or welded to the radiating plate 12.

[0047] When the antenna is in operation, the network connection terminal of the phase-shifting network board 32 can transmit the antenna signal to the feed element 40, which then feeds the antenna signal to the radiating plate 12. During the transmission of the antenna signal through the feed element 40, the dipole base 11 and the feed element 40 balance the transmission current of the radiating plate 12, allowing the radiating plate 12 to transmit the antenna signal outwards. Conversely, the radiating plate 12 can also receive the antenna signal and transmit it to the phase-shifting network board 32 through the feed element 40 and the network connection terminal. The dipole base 11 and the reflector 20 are both metal parts, integrally extruded, eliminating the need for separate manufacturing as in traditional technologies, thus simplifying assembly and increasing assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the integrated design reduces the antenna height, achieving miniaturization. In mass production applications, it offers high production efficiency and significant cost advantages.

[0048] It should be noted that a coupled connection refers to a connection where the two components are not directly connected, but rather, for example, separated by a gap, with antenna signals fed in through coupling, thus achieving an indirect connection. A welded connection, on the other hand, refers to a connection where the two components are joined together by welding, thereby enabling the transmission of antenna signals between them.

[0049] See Figure 3In one embodiment, the vibrator base 11, reflector 20, and cavity 31 are integrally extruded; or, the cavity 31 is welded and fixed to the reflector 20. Thus, when the vibrator base 11, reflector 20, and cavity 31 are integrally extruded, the traditional method of separately setting the reflector 20, radiating element 10, and phase shifter 30 in antennas is changed, simplifying assembly and greatly improving assembly efficiency. Furthermore, the integrated design significantly reduces the antenna height, achieving antenna miniaturization. In addition, compared with traditional antennas, this antenna greatly reduces the connection between the phase shifter 30 and the radiating element 10, significantly reducing solder joints, reducing intermodulation interference, and improving antenna performance. Moreover, since the cavity 31, reflector 20, and vibrator base 11 are all made of metal and integrally extruded, there is no need to plate a metal layer on the insulating material as in the prior art, thus eliminating the need for electroplating, making it more low-carbon and environmentally friendly.

[0050] Understandably, as an alternative, the cavity 31 is not obtained by integral extrusion molding together with the reflector 20 and the vibrator base 11. Alternatively, the vibrator base 11 and the reflector 20 can be integrally extruded, and the phase shifter 30 can be manufactured independently, with the cavity 31 connected to the vibrator base 11 by means of a cable.

[0051] It should be noted that cavity 31 can be configured as one, two or more as needed for phase shifting and phase matching of the network, so that the antenna is cable-free.

[0052] In one embodiment, the reflector 20 has a boundary 21, which is integrally extruded with the reflector 20. The boundary 21 is used in multi-frequency antennas, mainly to improve the isolation between different columns. However, when the multi-frequency antenna is in a single column, the boundary 21 mainly improves the radiation pattern and enhances the antenna's performance.

[0053] See Figures 1 to 4 Furthermore, the reflector 20 is specifically designed as an integrated structure with the boundary 21, which can improve assembly efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0054] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 or Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 A structural diagram of an antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown from one viewpoint. Figure 6An exploded view of the antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. In one embodiment, the antenna further includes an insulating support 50 located between the radiating plate 12 and the dipole base 11. The insulating support 50 is disposed on the dipole base 11, the radiating plate 12 is disposed on the insulating support 50, and the feed element 40 is disposed on the insulating support 50. Thus, the radiating plate 12 is mounted on the dipole base 11 via the insulating support 50, and a gap is provided between the radiating plate 12 and the dipole base 11 to allow for coupling and feeding between them. Furthermore, the insulating support 50 serves to install and fix both the radiating plate 12 and the feed element 40, preventing electrical contact between the feed element 40 and the dipole base 11, thus maintaining a gap between the feed element 40 and the dipole base 11.

[0055] See Figure 2 or Figure 6 In one embodiment, the insulating support 50 includes a body 51 and a first snap-fit ​​portion 52 and a mating portion 53 disposed on the body 51. The vibrator base 11 is provided with a first snap-fit ​​hole 111 that engages with the first snap-fit ​​portion 52. The radiating plate 12 is provided with a mating hole 121 corresponding to the mating portion 53, and the mating portion 53 is fixedly disposed in the mating hole 121. In this way, the insulating support 50 is quickly and securely mounted on the vibrator base 11 by snapping the first snap-fit ​​portion 52 into the first snap-fit ​​hole 111, and the radiating plate 12 is fixedly mounted on the insulating support 50 by the mating portion 53 being disposed in the mating hole 121. This allows for the rapid assembly of the radiating plate 12, the insulating support 50, and the vibrator base 11, resulting in a stable assembly.

[0056] See Figure 2 or Figure 6 In one embodiment, the insulating support 50 includes, but is not limited to, a plastic part or a rubber part.

[0057] See Figure 2 In one embodiment, the mating portion 53 is, for example, a second snap-fit ​​portion, and the mating hole 121 is correspondingly configured as a second snap-fit ​​hole that engages with the second snap-fit ​​portion. See also... Figure 6 In addition, the docking part 53 can also be a positioning post, and the docking hole 121 is correspondingly set as a positioning hole adapted to the docking post. The docking part 53 is directly inserted into the docking hole 121 to fix the radiating plate 12 on the insulating support 50.

[0058] See Figure 2 or Figure 6In one embodiment, the number of first latching portions 52 may be one, two, three, four, or other numbers, which is not limited here and can be set according to the actual situation. The first latching hole 111 is provided corresponding to the first latching portion 52. Similarly, the number of mating portions 53 may be more than one, for example, two, three, four, or other numbers, which is not limited here and can be set according to the actual situation. The mating portions 53 are provided corresponding to the second latching hole.

[0059] See Figure 2 It should be noted that the main body 51 can be, for example, a support plate. The first snap-fit ​​part 52 is disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate, and the mating part 53 is disposed on the top surface of the support plate. A fixing hole 511 is provided on the support plate for passing through and fixing the power supply component 40. The power supply component 40 passes through and is fixed in the fixing hole 511. In this way, the support plate provides support and fixation for the power supply component 40, allowing the power supply component 40 to maintain a gap with the vibrator seat 11. When there are, for example, two power supply components 40, two fixing holes 511 are correspondingly provided and are respectively positioned with respect to the two power supply components 40. Specifically, the two fixing holes 511 intersect each other, forming a cross shape.

[0060] In addition, see Figure 6 The main body 51 is not limited to a support plate, but can also be, for example, at least two interconnected support rods 512. The specific combination of the at least two support rods 512 is not limited here and can be set according to actual needs. By setting it in the form of at least two interconnected support rods 512, the radiating plate 12, the insulating support 50 and the vibrator seat 11 can be assembled together, while the weight of the insulating support 50 can be reduced. Furthermore, in order to pass through and fix the feeder 40, two adjacent support rods 512 cooperate to form a fixed gap 513, which is used to pass through and fix the feeder 40. Specifically, there are two feeders 40, which respectively couple and feed the two dipoles responsible for transmitting signals in different polarization directions. Specifically, the two feeders 40 are arranged crosswise. Correspondingly, there are two fixed gaps 513, which are respectively set to correspond to the positions of the two feeders 40. That is, the two fixed gaps 513 are arranged crosswise, forming a cross shape.

[0061] See Figure 2 In one embodiment, the top surface of the oscillator base 11 is provided with a coupling plate 112, which is coupled and fed to the radiating plate 12. Thus, the oscillator base 11 achieves coupling and feeding with the radiating plate 12 through the coupling plate 112 on its top surface, resulting in a better feeding effect. Of course, as an optional solution, the coupling plate 112 can also be omitted, and the oscillator base 11 can be directly coupled and fed to the radiating plate 12 through its top surface (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (As shown).

[0062] In one embodiment, the antenna further includes director plates (not shown) spaced apart above the radiating plate 12. An insulating support 50 has a support portion penetrating the radiating plate 12, which is connected to the director plates. Thus, the director plates located above the radiating plate 12 can improve antenna performance and enhance antenna specifications.

[0063] See Figure 2 In one embodiment, the radiating plate 12 includes two pairs of dipoles arranged in a cross shape, each pair of dipoles including two radiating arms 122 arranged diagonally. The oscillator base 11 includes four balun segments 113 corresponding to the four radiating arms 122. Each balun segment 113 has a clearance groove 1131 extending from its top surface to the reflector plate 20, and the reflector plate 20 has two first through holes 22 corresponding to the positions of two adjacent clearance grooves 1131. The cavity 31 has two second through holes (not shown) corresponding to the positions of the two first through holes 22. The power supply component 40 includes a first vertical section 41. The first vertical section 41 extends through the clearance grooves 1131, the first through holes 22, and the second through holes into the cavity 31 and is coupled or welded to the network connection end.

[0064] See Figure 2 Furthermore, the power supply component 40 also includes a horizontal segment 42 and a second vertical segment 43. The first vertical segment 41, the horizontal segment 42, and the second vertical segment 43 are connected in sequence. The length of the first vertical segment 41 is greater than that of the second vertical segment 43. The horizontal segment 42 of one power supply component 40 is arranged along one diagonal of the radiating plate 12, so that it can be coupled and fed to one pair of dipoles respectively. The first vertical segment 41 and the second vertical segment 43 of one power supply component 40 extend into the clearance slots 1131 of the two baluns 113 below one pair of dipoles respectively. Similarly, the horizontal segment 42 of the other power supply component 40 is arranged along the other diagonal of the radiating plate 12, so that it can be coupled and fed to the other pair of dipoles respectively. The first vertical segment 41 and the second vertical segment 43 of the other power supply component 40 extend into the clearance slots 1131 of the two baluns 113 below the other pair of dipoles respectively.

[0065] See Figure 2 Furthermore, the top surface of the oscillator base 11 is also provided with a coupling plate 112 corresponding to the balun split 113. The coupling plate 112 is provided with four third through holes 1121, which are arranged one-to-one with four clearance slots 1131. Specifically, one pair of diagonally arranged third through holes 1121 respectively pass through the first vertical section 41 and the second vertical section 43 of one of the power supply components 40, and another pair of diagonally arranged third through holes 1121 respectively pass through the first vertical section 41 and the second vertical section 43 of the other power supply component 40.

[0066] Optionally, the projection of the third through hole 1121 onto the reflector 20 along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 20 covers the first through hole 22. The area of ​​the third through hole 1121 is larger than that of the first through hole 22, which facilitates the processing of the first through hole 22. When processing the third through hole 1121, a clearance groove 1131 is processed on the vibrator seat 11 for impedance matching and coupling of the power supply component 40.

[0067] See Figure 6 In one embodiment, the radiating plate 12 includes two pairs of dipoles arranged in a cross shape, each pair of dipoles including two radiating arms 122 arranged diagonally. Specifically, the radiating arms 122 include, but are not limited to, square, circular, square ring, and circular ring shapes. The oscillator base 11 includes four balun segments 113 corresponding to the four radiating arms 122. The four balun segments 113 enclose a cross-shaped horizontal spacing 114 and a vertical spacing 115. The feed element 40 includes a first vertical segment 41, wherein the first vertical segment 41 of one feed element 40 is disposed in the horizontal spacing 114 and extends through the horizontal spacing 114 to the surface of the reflector 20, and the first vertical segment 41 of the other feed element 40 is disposed in the vertical spacing 115 and extends through the vertical spacing 115 to the surface of the reflector 20.

[0068] See Figure 6 Furthermore, each power supply component 40 also includes two power divider networks 60 disposed on the surface of the reflector plate 20. Each power divider network 60 is electrically connected to one of the two first vertical sections 41, and each power divider network 60 is provided with an insertion part 61. The reflector plate 20 is provided with two first through holes 22 corresponding to the two insertion parts 61. Two phase shifters 30 are provided, and the cavities 31 of the two phase shifters 30 are provided with two second through holes corresponding to the positions of the two first through holes 22. The insertion part 61 passes through the first through holes 22 and the second through holes and extends into the interior of the cavity 31 to be coupled or welded to the network connection end.

[0069] Specifically, the power divider network 60 can be a microstrip line and is disposed on the reflector 20. The power divider network 60 can also be an air microstrip line or a PCB microstrip line, with its insertion part 61 connected to the network connection terminal through the first through hole 22, and its output port connected to the first vertical segment 41 of the power supply component 40. Alternatively, the power divider network 60 can also be a stripline disposed within the cavity 31, and connected to both the network connection terminal and the power supply component 40 within the cavity 31.

[0070] See Figures 5 to 8 , Figure 7 A top view of the two power supply components 40 and the oscillator base 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8The diagram shows a side view of the antenna cavity 31, reflector 20, and vibrator base 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] The orthographic projections of the two feeders 40 and the vibrator mount 11 onto the reflector 20 are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, one feed element 40 is arranged horizontally, and the other feed element 40 is arranged vertically. The two feed elements 40 have a total of four ports. Two adjacent ports are connected to a power divider network 60, and the other two ports are connected to another power divider network 60. Specifically, the four ports are defined as port one 44, port two 45, port three 46, and port four 47. Port one 44, port two 45, port three 46, and port four 47 are arranged adjacent to each other. For example, port one 44 and port two 45 are connected to two output ports of a power divider network 60, whose output ports are in phase, and whose input port is connected to the +45° polarized phase shifter 30 of the antenna. Port three 46 and port four 47 are connected to two output ports of another power divider network 60, whose two output ports have a 180° phase difference, and whose input port is connected to the -45° polarized phase shifter 30 of the antenna. This vector synthesis feeding method enables the antenna to operate in ±45° polarization.

[0072] Please see Figure 8 During the extrusion process, the upper ends of two adjacent balun parts 113 can be connected together by a connecting part 116 to facilitate extrusion molding. When further processing is required, the connecting part 116 can be cut off.

[0073] Please see Figure 9 In one embodiment, to facilitate the connection of the two power supply components 40 to the two phase shifters 30 below them, the cavities 31 of the two phase shifters 30 can be offset from the central axis O of the vibrator base 11, so that the position of the cavity 31 corresponds to the position of the power supply point. Specifically, the sides of the two cavities 31 are connected to each other, and the connection position of the two cavities 31 is offset from the central axis O.

[0074] See Figures 10 to 12 , Figure 10 The diagram shows a view of the antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 An exploded view of the antenna according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 12A top view of the antenna base 11 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown. In one embodiment, a welding post 117 is provided on the top surface of the base 11, and a mounting hole 123 corresponding to the welding post 117 is provided on the radiating plate 12. The welding post 117 is inserted into the mounting hole 123 and welded to the radiating plate 12. Specifically, each of the four radiating arms 122 of the radiating plate 12 is provided with at least one mounting hole 123, and at least one welding post 117 is provided on the top surface of the balun segment 113 corresponding to the radiating arm 122. The welding post 117 is correspondingly provided with the mounting hole 123. In this way, the radiating arms 122 are all welded and fixed to the balun segment 113 after being inserted into the mounting hole 123 through the welding post 117, which enables the radiating arms 122 to be quickly assembled onto the base 11. In addition, since the radiating plate 12 is welded to the top surface of the base 11, the insulating support member 50 in the above embodiment is not required. At this time, the first vertical section 41 and the second vertical section 43 of one of the power supply components 40 are respectively installed in the clearance grooves 1131 of the two balun segments 113 below one pair of dipoles, and the first vertical section 41 and the second vertical section 43 of the other power supply component 40 are respectively installed in the clearance grooves 1131 of the two balun segments 113 below another pair of dipoles. A recess 118 is also provided on the top surface of the oscillator base 11, and the transverse section 42 of the power supply component 40 is disposed in the recess 118 to avoid direct electrical contact with the oscillator base 11.

[0075] See Figures 13 to 15 , Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 14 A side view of the antenna structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna cavity 31 separated according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0076] like Figure 13 As shown, the antenna is specifically a multi-frequency antenna, including a low-frequency antenna 70 and two high-frequency antennas 80, corresponding to the radiating elements 10 and phase shifters 30 of the three frequency bands, respectively. The dipole base 11, reflector 20 and phase shifter 30 cavity 31 of the three frequency bands are integrated. The radiating arm 122 is connected to the dipole base 11 by coupling. The radiating arm 122 is including but not limited to a metal plate or PCB board.

[0077] like Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment is a combination of a low-frequency antenna 70 and two high-frequency antennas 80. To facilitate the layout of the phase shifter 30, the phase shifter 30 of the low-frequency antenna 70 in this embodiment is, for example, set as a vertical cavity 31. However, when the vibrator base 11 of the low-frequency antenna 70 is too high to be easily formed, the radiating element 10 of the low-frequency antenna 70 can be set separately and not integrally formed with the vibrator base 11 of other frequency bands.

[0078] Please see Figure 14 The wiring surface on the cavity 31 that is parallel to the phase-shifting network board 32 located inside it is defined as the first side surface, and the side surface on the cavity 31 that is perpendicular to the first side surface is defined as the second side surface. It should be noted that the wiring surface of the phase-shifting network board 32 refers to the surface on the phase-shifting network board 32 where the network connection terminals are located.

[0079] Please see Figure 14 In one embodiment, the first side of both cavities 31 is connected to the side of the reflector 20 opposite to the radiating element 10, for example... Figure 14 The high-frequency antenna 80 shown in the diagram corresponds to two cavities 31; or, the second sides of both cavities 31 are connected to the side of the reflector 20 opposite to the radiating element 10, for example, as shown in the diagram. Figure 14 The diagram shows the two cavities 31 corresponding to the low-frequency antenna 70.

[0080] Thus, when the first sides of both cavities 31 are connected to the sides of the reflector 20 opposite to the radiation unit 10, that is, when the two cavities 31 are arranged laterally on the reflector 20, the longitudinal space occupied by the two cavities 31 below the reflector 20 along the direction perpendicular to the reflector 20 is relatively small, and the lateral space occupied by the two cavities 31 along the direction parallel to the reflector 20 is relatively large; when the second sides of both cavities 31 are connected to the sides of the reflector 20 opposite to the radiation unit 10, that is, when the two cavities 31 are arranged longitudinally on the reflector 20, the longitudinal space occupied by the two cavities 31 below the reflector 20 along the direction perpendicular to the reflector 20 is relatively large, and the lateral space occupied by the two cavities 31 along the direction parallel to the reflector 20 is relatively small.

[0081] It is understandable that when the antenna reflector 20 has more than one radiating element 10, such as three, five, ten or more radiating elements 10, in order to make better use of the space below the reflector 20 and reduce the product size of the antenna, the layout of the cavity 31 of the phase shifter 30 can be flexibly designed or adjusted according to the actual usage requirements.

[0082] like Figure 15 As shown, to facilitate extrusion molding, the vibrator base 11 and the reflector plate 20 can be integrally formed, while the phase shifter 30 is set independently and connected to the radiation unit 10 via a cable. Similarly, other embodiments can also adopt this method.

[0083] In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing an antenna according to any of the above embodiments includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S10: Provide metal material;

[0085] Step S20: The metal material is extruded to form a first component and a second component connected to the first component;

[0086] Step S30: Process the first component to form the reflector 20, and process the second component to form the oscillator seat 11;

[0087] The first component is processed to form the reflector plate 20 in ways including but not limited to cutting, grinding, cutting, drilling, and milling. It can be processed flexibly according to actual needs and is not limited here. Similarly, the second component is processed to form the vibrator seat 11 in ways including but not limited to cutting, grinding, cutting, drilling, and milling. It can be processed flexibly according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0088] Step S40: Assemble the phase shifter 30 and the power supply component 40.

[0089] In the above-described antenna manufacturing method, both the vibrator base 11 and the reflector plate 20 are metal parts, and they are integrally extruded, thus eliminating the need for separate manufacturing as in traditional technologies, making assembly simple and efficient. At the same time, the integrated design can reduce the height of the antenna to achieve miniaturization. In mass production applications, it has high production efficiency and significant cost advantages.

[0090] In one embodiment, in the step of extruding the metal material to form the first component and the second component, a third component connected to the first component is also extruded and formed, and the third component is processed to form the cavity 31 of the phase shifter 30.

[0091] Furthermore, since the cavity 31 is an integrated structure with the oscillator base 11 and the reflector 20, the specific steps for assembling the phase shifter 30 are as follows: install the phase shifting network plate 32 of the phase shifter 30 into the cavity 31.

[0092] In one embodiment, in the step of extruding the metal material to form the first component and the second component, a fourth component connected to the first component is also extruded and formed, and the fourth component is processed to form a boundary 21 connected to the reflector 20.

[0093] In one embodiment, a communication system includes an antenna from any of the above embodiments.

[0094] In the aforementioned communication system, the network connection terminal of the phase-shifting network board 32 can transmit the antenna signal to the feed element 40, which then feeds the antenna signal into the radiating plate 12. During the transmission of the antenna signal through the feed element 40, the vibrator base 11 and the feed element 40 balance the transmission current in the radiating plate 12, enabling the radiating plate 12 to transmit the antenna signal outwards. Conversely, the radiating plate 12 can also receive the antenna signal and transmit it to the phase-shifting network board 32 through the feed element 40 and the network connection terminal. The vibrator base 11 and the reflector 20 are both metal parts, integrally extruded, eliminating the need for separate manufacturing as in traditional technologies, thus simplifying assembly and increasing assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the integrated design reduces the antenna height, achieving miniaturization. In mass production applications, this results in high production efficiency and significant cost advantages.

[0095] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0096] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0097] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0098] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0099] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0100] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0101] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises: a radiation unit, a reflector plate, the radiation unit comprises a vibrator base and a radiation sheet, the vibrator base and the radiation sheet are coupled or welded, the vibrator base and the reflector plate are metal parts and are integrally formed by extrusion; a phase shifter and a feed, the phase shifter comprises a cavity and a phase shift network plate arranged in the cavity, the cavity is arranged on the reflector plate away from the radiation unit, one end of the feed penetrates the reflector plate and the cavity and extends into the cavity and is coupled or welded with the network connection end of the phase shift network plate, the other end of the feed is coupled or welded with the radiation sheet.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrator base, the reflector plate and the cavity are integrally formed by extrusion, or the cavity is welded on the reflector plate.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna further comprises an insulating support between the radiation sheet and the vibrator base, the insulating support is arranged on the vibrator base, the radiation sheet is arranged on the insulating support, and the feed is arranged on the insulating support.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insulating support comprises a body, a first clamping part and a butt joint part arranged on the body, the vibrator base is provided with a first clamping hole matched with the first clamping part, and the radiation sheet is provided with a butt joint hole corresponding to the butt joint part, and the butt joint part is fixedly arranged in the butt joint hole.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The top surface of the vibrator base is provided with a coupling plate, and the coupling plate is coupled with the radiation sheet.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna further comprises a director sheet arranged above the radiation sheet.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiation sheet comprises two pairs of dipoles arranged in a cross shape, each pair of dipoles comprises two radiation arms arranged in a diagonal manner, the vibrator base comprises four balun parts corresponding to the four radiation arms, the balun parts are provided with an avoidance slot extending from the top surface to the reflector plate, the reflector plate is provided with two first through holes corresponding to the positions of two adjacent avoidance slots, and the cavity is provided with two second through holes corresponding to the positions of the two first through holes; the feed comprises a first vertical section, the first vertical section penetrates the avoidance slot, the first through hole and the second through hole and extends into the cavity and is coupled or welded with the network connection end.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiation sheet comprises two pairs of dipoles arranged in a cross shape, each pair of dipoles comprises two radiation arms arranged in a diagonal manner, the vibrator base comprises four balun parts corresponding to the four radiation arms, the four balun parts are arranged in a cross shape and are horizontally and vertically spaced, and the feed comprises a first vertical section, one of the first vertical sections of the feed is arranged in the horizontal spacing and extends to the plate surface of the reflector plate through the horizontal spacing, and the other first vertical section of the feed is arranged in the vertical spacing and extends to the plate surface of the reflector plate through the vertical spacing.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the feeders further comprises a power division network arranged on the surface of the reflector plate, both of the power division networks are electrically connected with the two first vertical sections respectively, both of the power division networks are provided with insertion parts, the reflector plate is provided with two first through holes corresponding to the two insertion parts, the phase shifters are provided with two, the cavities of the two phase shifters are provided with two second through holes corresponding to the two first through holes respectively; the insertion parts pass through the first through holes and the second through holes to extend into the cavities and are coupled or welded with the network connection ends.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The side surfaces of the two cavities are connected with each other, and the connection positions of the two cavities are dislocated with the central axis of the vibrator base.

11. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein, The cavities are provided with first side surfaces parallel to the wiring surfaces of the phase shift network boards arranged in the cavities, and are provided with second side surfaces perpendicular to the first side surfaces; the first side surfaces of the two cavities are connected with the side surfaces of the reflector plate away from the radiation units, or the second side surfaces of the two cavities are connected with the side surfaces of the reflector plate away from the radiation units.

12. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The reflector plate is provided with a boundary; the boundary is integrally formed with the reflector plate by extrusion.

13. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The top surface of the vibrator base is provided with a welding column, the radiation sheet is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the welding column, the welding column is inserted into the mounting hole and is welded with the radiation sheet.

14. A method of manufacturing an antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The manufacturing method of the antenna comprises the following steps: providing a metal material; extruding the metal material to form a first part and a second part connected with the first part; processing the first part to form a reflector plate and processing the second part to form a vibrator base; assembling a phase shifter and a feeder.

15. The method of manufacturing an antenna according to claim 14, wherein In the step of extruding the metal material to form the first part and the second part, a third part connected with the first part is also extruded, and the third part is processed to form a cavity of the phase shifter, and the step of assembling the phase shifter is specifically that a phase shift network board of the phase shifter is arranged in the cavity.

16. A communication system, characterized by The communication system comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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