A smart multi-hole anchoring system and anchoring method for soft rock tunnels

Abstract

A smart multi-hole grouting system for soft rock tunnels includes a grouting mechanism, a grout diffusion monitoring system, a grouting intelligent control device, and a computer. The grouting mechanism is capable of performing multi-hole grouting operations on soft rock layers. The grout diffusion monitoring system can acquire information on the diffusion state of grout in the soft rock layer and transmit signals to the computer via a signal line. The grouting intelligent control device can collect grout operation data within the grouting mechanism and control the grout operation state, transmit data to the computer via a signal line, and receive grouting operation instructions transmitted by the computer. The computer is equipped with a calculation program that can logically analyze and calculate the grout state information within the grouting mechanism and the grout diffusion information within the soft rock layer, and generate grouting operation instructions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roadway surrounding rock anchoring, and particularly to an intelligent multi-hole anchoring system and anchoring method for soft rock roadways. Background Technology

[0002] In the support of soft rock roadways in mining engineering such as coal mines and metal mines, anchor grouting can fill the fissures in the surrounding rock of the soft rock roadway, cement and reinforce the broken rock blocks into a whole, improve the overall strength of the surrounding rock of the soft rock roadway, fully enhance the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock of the soft rock roadway, improve the support effect, and also play a role in blocking water and preventing seepage in roadways with large water inflow. At present, anchor grouting reinforcement technology has become very common as an effective reinforcement measure to improve the bearing capacity and stability of the surrounding rock of soft rock roadways.

[0003] With the innovation of tunnel excavation equipment and the improvement of tunneling technology, the efficiency of tunnel excavation has been greatly improved. However, the level of tunnel support is far from meeting the requirements, especially the anchor grouting support. The commonly used anchor grouting process is to directly connect the grouting pump to the grouting anchor installed in the surrounding rock of the tunnel. After the grouting is completed, the grouting anchor is sealed, and then the next grouting anchor to be grouted is grouted.

[0004] The existing grouting process has the following problems: ① It lacks accurate identification of the grout diffusion range during grouting operations, making it impossible to accurately calibrate the grout diffusion; ② It uses a low-flow grouting pump for single-hole construction, which is slow and inefficient; ③ The control methods for the grouting process are cumbersome, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the grouting parameters, often resulting in incomplete or missed grouting during operation, failing to meet the grouting quality requirements; ④ The simultaneous operation of a large number of personnel and equipment causes personnel and equipment occupation, affecting the progress of project construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent multi-hole anchoring system and anchoring method for soft rock roadways, which enables accurate identification of the grout diffusion range during grouting operations, simplifies the operation process, improves grouting quality and efficiency, and simplifies the control process of grouting operations.

[0006] To achieve the objectives of the invention described above, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A smart multi-hole grouting system for soft rock tunnels, characterized in that it comprises: a grouting mechanism capable of performing multi-hole grouting operations on soft rock layers; a grout diffusion monitoring system capable of acquiring grout diffusion state information in the soft rock layer, and transmitting signals to a computer via a signal line; a grouting intelligent control device capable of collecting grout operation data within the grouting mechanism and controlling the grout operation state, transmitting data to the computer via a signal line, and receiving grouting operation commands transmitted by the computer; and a computer equipped with a computational program capable of logically analyzing and calculating the grout operation state within the grouting mechanism and the grout diffusion state information in the soft rock layer, generating grouting operation commands and issuing them to the grouting intelligent control device, thereby controlling the grouting mechanism to perform grouting operations.

[0008] Furthermore, the grouting mechanism includes a mixing tank, a storage tank, a grouting pump, a grout diversion device, and at least one grouting anchor. The mixing tank, storage tank, grouting pump, and grout diversion device are connected sequentially through grouting pipelines. The grout diversion device is connected to the grouting anchor through the grouting pipelines. A grout inlet valve is provided between the grouting pump and the grout diversion device. A pressure regulating valve and a grout outlet valve are provided on the grouting pipelines.

[0009] Furthermore, the grouting mechanism also includes a grout return pipe and a grout discharge pipe. The grout return pipe is connected to the grout mixing tank and the grout diversion device. The grout discharge pipe is located near the grouting anchor rod of the grouting pipe. The grout return pipe is equipped with a grout return valve, and the grout discharge pipe is equipped with a grout discharge valve.

[0010] Furthermore, a booster pump is also provided after the grouting pump in the grouting pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the intelligent grouting control device includes a control module, a data transmission module, and a grout information acquisition module; the control module is used to control the start and stop of each actuator in the grouting mechanism, thereby controlling the grouting pressure and flow rate; the grout information acquisition module is used to acquire the pressure and flow rate information of the grout in the grouting mechanism; and the data transmission module is used to transmit the information acquired by the grout information acquisition module to a computer.

[0012] Furthermore, the control module includes a grouting pump control module, a booster pump control module, a grout return valve control module, a pressure relief valve control module, a grout inlet valve control module, a pressure regulating valve control module, and a grout outlet valve control module.

[0013] Furthermore, the slurry information acquisition module includes a grouting pressure sensor for acquiring grouting pipeline pressure information, a grouting flow sensor for acquiring grouting pipeline flow information, and a slurry storage pressure sensor for acquiring slurry pressure information of the slurry diversion device.

[0014] Furthermore, the slurry diffusion monitoring system includes an electrical resistivity monitoring device and a microseismic monitoring device. The electrical resistivity monitoring device measures the effective diffusion range and direction of the slurry within the rock mass by measuring the difference in apparent resistivity between the rock mass and the slurry. The microseismic monitoring device can identify the effective diffusion path range of the slurry within the rock mass by using the energy release signal of the splitting phenomenon during slurry diffusion in fractured rock masses.

[0015] Furthermore, the microseismic monitoring device includes a microseismic detector, a data substation, and an underground monitoring host; multiple grouting anchors that are being grouted simultaneously are grouped together, and the microseismic detector is arranged at both ends of each group of grouting anchors. The microseismic detector, data substation, and underground monitoring host are connected to each other via signal lines, and the underground monitoring host is connected to a computer via signal lines.

[0016] Furthermore, the electrical resistivity monitoring device includes an electrical resistivity acquisition host, a power supply electrode, and a measuring electrode interconnected by signal lines; the power supply electrode is arranged at both ends of the roadway where anchoring is required, and the measuring electrode is arranged at both ends of each group of grouting anchors; the electrical resistivity acquisition host is connected to a computer via signal lines.

[0017] An anchoring method for an intelligent multi-hole anchoring system in soft rock roadways includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Based on the geological conditions of the soft rock roadway in the mine and the location of each group of grouting anchor bolts, microseismic monitoring devices and electrical resistivity monitoring devices are arranged before the multi-hole anchoring construction. The intelligent multi-hole anchoring system for the soft rock roadway in the mine is installed in place according to the design process to meet the engineering requirements; the initial grouting pressure P0, the initial grouting flow rate V0, and the preset grout diffusion range R0 are set.

[0019] Step 2: The computer issues operation instructions to the grouting intelligent control device to start the grouting pump and booster pump, open the grout inlet valve, and close the pressure regulating valve, grout outlet valve, grout drain valve, and grout return valve. The grout in the storage tank is transported to the grout diversion device. When the grout level in the grout diversion device exceeds the height of the uppermost grout outlet hole, the pressure regulating valve and grout outlet valve are opened, and the grout is transported to the grouting anchor rod through the grouting pipeline for grouting into the borehole. The grouting pressure sensor, grouting flow sensor, and grout storage pressure sensor collect grouting information in the grouting pipeline and pressure information in the grout diversion device in real time. The grouting intelligent control device transmits the collected grout status data to the computer in real time through the signal line.

[0020] Step 3: Utilize the real-time energy waveform data acquired by the microseismic monitoring device and filter it to determine the microseismic event parameters, including: the number of microseismic events, the spatial location of each microseismic event, the source parameters of each microseismic event, and the occurrence time of each microseismic event. Through the analysis of microseismic event parameters, connect the microseismic events with energy greater than a certain value during grouting to obtain the grouting microseismic splitting range R1, thereby determining the effective diffusion path range of the grout. Simultaneously, use the electrical resistivity monitoring device to obtain the apparent resistivity image within the grouting range. Analyze the apparent resistivity image within the grouting range using the electrical resistivity monitoring device, and select the resistivity image range R2 with resistivity less than a certain value to determine the effective diffusion range and diffusion direction of the grout.

[0021] Step 4: The computer will obtain the grouting micro-vibration splitting range R. 1、 The resistivity image range R2 is determined by combining information from the grouting pressure sensor and the grouting flow sensor.

[0022] When R0 > min{R1, R2}, and the flow sensor information on the grouting pipeline connected to it no longer changes and the grouting pressure sensor information value reaches the initial grouting pressure P0, the computer-controlled intelligent grouting control device automatically adjusts the pressure regulating valve to increase the grouting pressure and performs pressurized grouting.

[0023] When R0≤min{R1,R2}, it is considered that the grout has forcibly penetrated and blocked the cracks in the rock strata to a considerable extent or within a certain range. The computer-controlled grouting intelligent control device automatically adjusts the pressure regulating valve to reduce the grouting pressure to the initial grouting pressure P0 until the grouting flow rate collected by the grouting flow sensor is significantly reduced or no grout can be injected, and then the grouting anchor bolt grouting work is stopped.

[0024] Step 5: After the grouting of a set of anchor rods is completed, drain the grout from each grouting pipeline. After the grout draining is completed, disconnect the grouting pipeline from the anchor rod, pump clean water with the grouting pump, open all valves, and clean the device.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] 1. By accurately identifying the diffusion of grout in the grouting process, the grouting parameters can be dynamically adjusted to achieve the expected results, reduce grout waste, lower costs, and ensure the safety and efficiency of the grouting project.

[0027] 2. The multi-hole anchoring system of the present invention realizes the operation mode of simultaneous and continuous grouting of one or more grouting anchors, which has excellent grouting effect, simple operation, tight process overlap, short cycle, avoids the problem of personnel and equipment occupation, saves construction time, and improves construction efficiency.

[0028] 3. The multi-hole anchoring system of the present invention adopts centralized intelligent adjustment. Based on the changes in grout monitoring and information from pressure and flow sensors, it realizes intelligent adjustment of grouting pressure and flow rate, improves grouting efficiency, expands grout diffusion radius, increases crack filling rate, improves grouting effect, and reduces labor. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an intelligent multi-hole anchoring system for soft rock roadways in a mine.

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of slurry diversion device and grouting intelligent control device;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the intelligent control device for grouting and its various actuators;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the layout of the microseismic monitoring device and the electrical resistivity monitoring device;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an anchoring method for an intelligent multi-hole anchoring system for soft rock tunnels.

[0034] In the diagram: 1-Mixing tank; 2-Mixing tank; 3-Grouting pump; 4-Booster pump; 5-Mixing inlet valve; 6-Mixing return valve; 7-Mixing return pipeline; 8-Mixing diversion device; 9-Grouting intelligent control device; 911-Mixing discharge valve control module; 912-Mixing inlet valve control module; 913-Booster pump control module; 914-Grouting pump control module; 915-Pressure regulating valve control module; 916-Mixing return valve control module; 917-Mixing outlet valve control module; 921-Grouting flow sensor; 922-Grouting pressure sensor; 923-Mixing storage pressure sensor; 93-Data... 10-Transmission module; 11-Computer; 12-Connector; 13-Stop grout plug; 14-Drill hole; 15-Grouting anchor; 16-Grouting drain valve; 17-Electrical method monitoring device; 171-Power supply electrode A; 172-Power supply electrode B; 173-Measuring electrode M; 174-Measuring electrode N; 175-Electrical method acquisition host; 18-Microseismic monitoring device; 181-Underground monitoring host; 182-Data substation; 183-Microseismic detector; 19-Tunnel; 20-Grouting pipeline; 21-Grouting drain pipeline; 22-Grouting outlet valve; 23-Pressure regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0036] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the appended claims.

[0037] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will provide further explanation and description with reference to the accompanying drawings and several specific embodiments, and the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of an intelligent multi-hole anchoring system for soft rock tunnels includes a grouting mechanism, a grout diffusion monitoring system, an intelligent grouting control device, and a computer.

[0039] The grouting mechanism includes a mixing tank 1, a storage tank 2, a grouting pump 3, a booster pump 4, a grout inlet valve 5, a grout diversion device 8, a grouting pipeline 20, and a grouting anchor 14.

[0040] The raw materials required for grouting are mixed and processed in the mixing tank 1 to form slurry. The slurry is transported to the storage tank 2 through a pipeline. The grouting pump 3 transports the slurry in the storage tank 1 to the slurry diversion device 8 through a pipeline. The pipeline between the grouting pump 3 and the slurry diversion device 8 forms a slurry inlet pipeline. The slurry inlet pipeline is preferably fixedly connected to the bottom of the slurry diversion device. The slurry inlet pipeline is equipped with a booster pump 4 and a slurry inlet valve 5 to control the flow of slurry in the pipeline.

[0041] The slurry diversion device 8 is made of high-pressure resistant transparent material, and the tank wall is marked with scales to display the height and volume of the slurry in the tank. The side wall of the slurry diversion device 8 is provided with multiple slurry outlet holes.

[0042] One end of the grouting pipeline 20 is fixedly connected to the grout outlet hole, and the other end is detachably connected to the grouting anchor rod 14. The main body of the grouting anchor rod 14 is located inside the borehole, and a grout stop plug 12 is installed inside the borehole to seal the grout. The grouting anchor rod 14 is fixedly connected to the surrounding rock through a tray 15 and a nut. The outer end of the grouting anchor rod 14 is connected to the grouting pipeline 20 through a connector. The connection method between the grouting pipeline 20 and the grouting joint of the grouting anchor rod 14 is preferably a threaded connection, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection. The grouting pipeline 20 is equipped with a pressure regulating valve 23, a grout outlet valve 22, and a grout discharge pipeline 21. The pressure regulating valve 23 and the grout outlet valve 22 are located near the grout diversion device 8, and the grout discharge pipeline 21 is located near the grouting anchor rod 14. A grout discharge valve 16 is provided on the grout discharge pipeline 21.

[0043] In order to regulate the pressure inside the grout diversion device 8 during the grouting process, avoid the harm caused by high pressure, and facilitate the recovery of residual grout and cleaning of the grout diversion device 8 after grouting, a grout return pipeline 7 is provided between the grout diversion device 8 and the mixing tank 1, and a grout return valve 6 is installed on the grout return pipeline 7.

[0044] For the sake of simplicity, multiple grouting anchors that are connected one-to-one with the grout outlet through the grouting pipeline are considered as a group, and will be referred to as each group of grouting anchors in the following text.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the slurry diffusion monitoring system includes an electrical resistivity monitoring device 17 and a microseismic monitoring device 18.

[0046] The electrical resistance monitoring device 17 includes an electrical resistance acquisition host 175, a power supply electrode, and a measuring electrode. The power supply electrode and the measuring electrode are connected to the electrical resistance acquisition host 175 via signal lines. The electrical resistance acquisition host 175 provides power to the power supply electrode. The electrical resistance acquisition host 175 is connected to the computer 10 via signal lines.

[0047] The power supply electrodes include power supply electrode A171 and power supply electrode B172, which are respectively buried in the soft rock layer at both ends of the soft rock roadway and away from the grouting operation area of ​​the grouting anchor; the measuring electrodes include measuring electrode M173 and measuring electrode N174, which are buried in the soft rock layer of the soft rock roadway and respectively set on both sides of each group of grouting anchors, so that the grouting operation area of ​​each group of grouting anchors is located between measuring electrode M173 and measuring electrode N174.

[0048] The grouting soft rock layer is composed of different rocks, ore bodies, grouts, etc., which have different electrical properties such as conductivity and dielectric properties within the soft rock layer. The electrical resistivity monitoring device can collect the conductivity of the grout within the soft rock layer through the power supply electrode and the measuring electrode, and convert it into an apparent resistivity signal through the electrical resistivity acquisition host 175. The electrical resistivity acquisition host 175 transmits the converted apparent resistivity signal to the computer 10 through a signal line. The computer is equipped with computing software that can generate an apparent resistivity map of the soft rock layer.

[0049] According to the principle of resistivity method, the apparent resistivity of soft rock layer is closely related to whether grouting is performed and the quality of grouting. The apparent resistivity of soft rock layer in ungrouted areas is generally low, while the apparent resistivity of soft rock layer in grouted areas is generally high. Moreover, the better the effect of grouting in sealing cracks and reinforcing the surrounding rock, the higher the apparent resistivity. The apparent resistivity diagram displayed by computer can accurately determine the diffusion range and direction of grout in soft rock layer.

[0050] The microseismic monitoring device 18 includes a microseismic detector 183, a data substation 182, and an underground monitoring host 181. The microseismic detector 183 is connected to the data substation 182 via a signal line. The data substation 182 is connected to the underground monitoring host 181 via a signal line. The underground monitoring host 181 is connected to the computer 10 via a signal line.

[0051] The microseismic detectors 183 are embedded within the soft rock layer of the soft rock tunnel and are respectively installed on both sides of each group of grouting anchors, ensuring that the grouting operation area of ​​each group of grouting anchors is located between the microseismic detectors 183. The data substation 182 is installed on the surface of the soft rock mass of the soft rock tunnel and can receive the energy data transmitted by the microseismic detectors 183 in real time and transmit it to the underground monitoring host 181 via a signal line. The underground monitoring host 181 is installed on the surface of the soft rock mass of the soft rock tunnel and can receive the energy data transmitted by the data substation, convert it into energy waveform data, and transmit it to the computer via a signal line.

[0052] The computer 10 is equipped with computing software that can output the received energy waveform data as microseismic event parameters, including the number of microseismic events, the spatial location of each microseismic event, the source parameters of each microseismic event, and the time of occurrence of each microseismic event.

[0053] Microseismic monitoring monitors the impact, effects, and underground conditions of production activities by observing and analyzing minor seismic events generated during production activities. When rocks and ore bodies in soft rock layers split and move due to grout diffusion, a weak seismic wave is generated and propagates to the surrounding area. By arranging microseismic detectors in the space around the fracture zone and collecting microseismic data in real time, the data is processed by computer software to output microseismic event parameters and form a three-dimensional spatial map, which can accurately identify the diffusion path and diffusion range of grout in soft rock layers.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the grouting intelligent control device 9 includes a control module, a data transmission module 93, and a grout information acquisition module; the control module is used to control the start and stop of each actuator in the grouting mechanism, thereby controlling the grouting pressure and flow rate; the grout information acquisition module is used to collect the pressure and flow rate information of the grout in the grouting mechanism; and the data transmission module 93 is used to transmit the information collected by the grout information acquisition module to the computer 10.

[0055] The slurry status acquisition module specifically includes a grouting flow sensor 921 and a grouting pressure sensor 922 installed on the grouting pipeline 20, and a slurry storage pressure sensor 923 installed on the upper part of the slurry diversion device 8.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the control module includes a grouting pump control module 914, a booster pump control module 913, a return grout valve control module 916, a pressure relief valve control module 911, a grout inlet valve control module 912, a pressure regulating valve control module 915, and a grout outlet valve control module 917. The grouting pump control module 914 is connected to the grouting pump 3 via a signal line; the booster pump control module 913 is connected to the booster pump 4 via a signal line; the return grout valve control module 916 is connected to the return grout valve 6 via a signal line; the pressure relief valve control module 911 is connected to the grout outlet valve 16 via a signal line; the grout inlet valve control module 912 is connected to the grout inlet valve 5 via a signal line; the pressure regulating valve control module 915 is connected to the pressure regulating valve 23 via a signal line; and the grout outlet valve control module 917 is connected to the grout outlet valve 22 via a signal line.

[0057] The intelligent grouting control device 9 is connected to the computer 10 via a signal line, enabling it to transmit the grout status information collected by the grout status acquisition module to the computer. The computer has a pre-set program that analyzes and processes the grout status information transmitted by the intelligent grouting control device and the grout diffusion status information within the soft rock layer transmitted by the grout diffusion monitoring system. After a pre-set logical operation program, the computer transmits grouting operation instructions to the intelligent grouting control device via the signal line. Upon receiving the grouting operation instructions from the computer, the intelligent grouting control device controls the grouting operation of the multi-hole anchoring system described in this invention, reducing human error through programmed calculation and control of grouting parameters.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the grouting method using the above-described embodiments includes the following steps:

[0059] S1. Before the anchoring operation, install the anchoring system, microseismic monitoring device and electrical monitoring device, and initially set the grouting pressure P0, the initial grouting flow rate V0 and the preset grout diffusion range R0.

[0060] S2, the computer issues an operation command to the grouting intelligent control device, starts the grouting pump 3 and booster pump 4, opens the grout inlet valve 5, and closes the pressure regulating valve 23, grout outlet valve 22, grout discharge valve 16 and grout return valve 6, and transports the grout in the storage tank 2 to the grout diversion device 8. When the grout level in the grout diversion device 8 exceeds the height of the uppermost grout outlet hole, the pressure regulating valve 23 and grout outlet valve 22 are opened, and the grout is transported to the grouting anchor 14 through the grouting pipeline 20 for grouting into the borehole. The grouting pressure sensor 922, grouting flow sensor 921 and grout storage pressure sensor 923 collect the grouting information in the grouting pipeline and the pressure information in the grout diversion device in real time. The grouting intelligent control device transmits the collected grout status data to the computer 10 in real time through the signal line.

[0061] S3, the microseismic monitoring device acquires energy data of the grouting area in real time, transmits it to the computer for calculation and outputs microseismic event parameters, sets the minimum energy value of the microseismic event, and connects microseismic events with energy values ​​greater than the minimum energy value in the computer to obtain the grouting microseismic splitting range R1; the electrical resistivity monitoring device acquires resistivity data of the grouting area in real time, transmits it to the computer for calculation and outputs an apparent resistivity map, sets the maximum value of the apparent resistivity, and selects the resistivity image range R2 in the computer where the resistivity is less than the maximum value of the apparent resistivity.

[0062] When R0 > min{R1, R2}, and the value collected by the grouting flow sensor 921 no longer changes, and the information value of the grouting pressure sensor 922 reaches the initial grouting pressure P0, the computer issues an operation command to the grouting intelligent control device, and the valve control module automatically adjusts the pressure regulating valve 23 to increase the grouting pressure and perform pressurized grouting.

[0063] When R0 ≤ min {R1, R2}, the computer issues an operation command to the grouting intelligent control device. The pressure regulating valve control module 915 automatically adjusts the pressure regulating valve 23 to reduce the grouting pressure to the initial grouting pressure P0. When the value collected by the grouting flow sensor 921 decreases significantly or becomes 0, the computer issues an operation command to the grouting intelligent control device to automatically close the pressure regulating valve 23, the grout outlet valve 22, the grout inlet valve 5, the grouting pump 3, and the booster pump 4, thus stopping the grouting operation.

[0064] S4. After the grouting operation of each group of grouting anchors is completed, the computer issues an operation command to the grouting intelligent control device, automatically opens the grout discharge valve 16 to discharge grout into the grouting pipeline 20. After the grout discharge is completed, the grouting pipeline 20 is disconnected from the grouting anchor, the grouting pump 3 is turned on and clean water is pumped, and all valves in the multi-hole anchoring system described in this invention are opened to clean the multi-hole anchoring system.

[0065] S5, install the next set of grouting anchors in the soft rock tunnel in sequence, and repeat steps S2-S6 to carry out the next set of grouting operations.

[0066] In this embodiment, the grout inlet pipe, grout return pipe, grout injection pipe, and grout discharge pipe are all specially made of high-pressure rubber hoses; the grouting anchor rod can be replaced by a grouting anchor cable, which has the same function.

[0067] The preferred length of the grouting anchor is 2.6m and the diameter is 25mm. The preferred spacing between the grouting anchors is 1600×1600mm.

[0068] The slurry diversion device is preferably configured with 5 slurry outlets. Five grouting anchors with the same spacing are taken as a group along the tunnel excavation direction, and the total width of each group of grouting anchors is 6.4m.

[0069] The measuring electrodes M and N of the electrical resistivity monitoring device and the microseismic detector of the microseismic monitoring device are located at a distance of 0.6m-1.0m from each group of grouting anchors, preferably 0.8m.

[0070] In the multi-hole anchoring system described in this invention, the grouting intelligent control device can use PLC programming control technology, which is a common technology for electrical automation control. Its operating principle will not be described in this article. The microseismic monitoring program, electrical method monitoring program and logic operation program preset in the computer are mature computer programming languages. Their programming operation principle will not be described in this article.

[0071] This embodiment, based on actual on-site construction conditions, further explains the structure of the intelligent multi-hole anchoring system for soft rock roadways in mines and the method of using this system for multi-hole anchoring in soft rock roadways in mines.

[0072] Grouting anchors were installed, each 2.6m long and 25mm in diameter, with a spacing of 1600×1600mm. Five anchors at the same spacing were selected along the tunnel excavation direction to form a group, with each group having a total length of 6.4m. Microseismic monitoring devices and electrical resistivity monitoring devices were installed 0.8m from both ends of each group of anchors. The initial grouting pressure was set at 3MPa, the initial grouting flow rate at 150L / min, and the preset grout diffusion range R0 = 1.6×8.0m. The computer-controlled intelligent grouting control device started the grouting pump 3, booster pump 4, grout inlet valve 5, and grout outlet valve 22, transporting the grout from the grout storage tank 2 to the grout distribution device, and then, through the intelligent grouting control device, to a group of anchors for grouting. The grout storage pressure sensor 923, grouting pressure sensor 922, and grouting flow sensor 921 instantly transmit the pressure information within the grout diversion device 8, the pressure information of the grouting pipeline, and the grouting flow information to the grouting intelligent control device and then to the computer 10. Simultaneously, the micro-vibration monitoring device 18 and the electrical resistivity monitoring device 17 monitor the grout diffusion of the grouting anchor bolts and transmit this information to the computer. The computer sets the minimum energy for micro-vibration event acquisition to 1.0 × 10³ J and the maximum resistivity range for the electrical resistivity monitoring device to 100 Ω·m. The computer compares the grouting micro-vibration fracturing range R1 and the resistivity image range R2 with the preset grout diffusion range R0. When R0 > min{R1, R2}, and the information from the grouting flow sensor 921 on the connected grouting pipeline no longer changes and the grouting pressure sensor 922 reaches the initial grouting pressure of 3 MPa, the computer controls the grouting intelligent control device to automatically adjust the pressure. The valve increases the grouting pressure for pressurized grouting. When R0 ≤ min {R1, R2}, it is considered that the grout has forcibly penetrated and blocked the fissures within the rock strata to a considerable extent or within a certain range. The computer-controlled intelligent grouting control device automatically adjusts the pressure regulating valve to reduce the grouting pressure to the initial grouting pressure value of 3MPa. When the grouting flow rate collected by the flow sensor decreases significantly or no grout can be injected, the grouting work is stopped, and the grout is drained from each pipeline. After the grout is drained, the grouting pipeline is disconnected from the grouting anchor rod, clean water is pumped in using the grouting pump, all valves are opened, and the device is cleaned.

Claims

1. A soft rock roadway intelligent porous anchor injection system, characterized in that, The application relates to a grouting intelligent control device for soft rock stratum, which comprises the following parts: a grouting mechanism capable of carrying out porous grouting operation on soft rock stratum; a slurry diffusion monitoring system capable of acquiring diffusion state information of slurry in the soft rock stratum, and transmitting signals to a computer through a signal line; the slurry diffusion monitoring system comprises an electric method monitoring device and a microseismic monitoring device, the electric method monitoring device measures the effective diffusion range and diffusion direction of the slurry in the rock mass by measuring the apparent resistivity of the rock mass and the slurry, and the microseismic monitoring device can identify the effective diffusion path range of the slurry in the rock mass by the energy release signal of the splitting phenomenon of the slurry diffusion in the fractured rock mass; energy waveform data obtained by the microseismic monitoring device are filtered to determine microseismic event parameters, and the microseismic events with energy greater than a certain value during grouting are connected to obtain a grouting microseismic splitting range R1, so as to determine the effective diffusion path range of the slurry; meanwhile, the apparent resistivity image in the grouting range is obtained by the electric method monitoring device, the apparent resistivity image in the grouting range is analyzed by the electric method monitoring device, the resistivity image range R2 with resistivity less than a certain value is selected, and the effective diffusion range and diffusion direction of the slurry are determined; a grouting intelligent control device capable of collecting slurry running data in the grouting mechanism and controlling the slurry running state, transmitting data to the computer through a signal line and receiving the anchor grouting operation instruction transmitted by the computer; and a computer provided with an operation program, which can analyze the slurry running state in the grouting mechanism and the diffusion state information of the slurry in the soft rock stratum through logical analysis operation, and form an anchor grouting operation instruction to be delivered to the grouting intelligent control device, so as to control the grouting mechanism to carry out anchor grouting operation; the grouting intelligent control device comprises a slurry information collection module, the slurry information collection module comprises a grouting pressure sensor for collecting grouting pipeline pressure information and a grouting flow sensor for collecting grouting pipeline flow information; the computer judges the grouting microseismic splitting range R1, the resistivity image range R2, the grouting pressure sensor information and the grouting flow sensor information: when a preset slurry diffusion range R0>min{R1, R2}, the flow sensor information on the connected grouting pipeline no longer changes, and the grouting pressure sensor information value reaches the initial grouting pressure P0, the computer controls the grouting intelligent control device to automatically adjust the pressure regulating valve to increase the grouting pressure and carry out pressure-increasing grouting; when the preset slurry diffusion range R0<=min{R1, R2}, it is considered that the slurry has forcedly penetrated the blocked fissure in the rock stratum to a certain extent or in a certain range, the computer controls the grouting intelligent control device to automatically adjust the pressure regulating valve to reduce the grouting pressure to the initial grouting pressure P0, until the grouting flow sensor collects the grouting flow which is obviously reduced or the grouting is not carried out, the anchor grouting work is stopped.

2. The intelligent porous bolting system for soft rock roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting mechanism comprises a mixing barrel, a slurry storage barrel, a grouting pump, a slurry distribution device and no less than one grouting anchor, the mixing barrel, the slurry storage barrel, the grouting pump and the slurry distribution device are sequentially connected through a grouting pipeline, the slurry distribution device is connected with the grouting anchor through the grouting pipeline, an inlet valve is arranged between the grouting pump and the slurry distribution device, and a pressure regulating valve and an outlet valve are arranged on the grouting pipeline.

3. The intelligent porous bolting system for soft rock roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grouting mechanism further comprises a slurry return pipeline and a slurry discharge pipeline, the slurry return pipeline is connected with the mixing barrel and the slurry distribution device, the slurry discharge pipeline is arranged on the grouting pipeline close to the grouting anchor, the slurry return pipeline is provided with a slurry return valve, and the slurry discharge pipeline is provided with a slurry discharge valve.

4. The intelligent porous bolting system for soft rock roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that, A booster pump is further arranged on the grouting pipeline after the grouting pump.

5. The intelligent porous bolting system for soft rock roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent grouting control device further comprises a control module and a data transmission module, the control module is used for controlling the start and stop of each execution element in the grouting mechanism, thereby controlling the pressure and flow of grouting, the slurry information acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure information and flow information of the slurry of the grouting mechanism, and the data transmission module is used for transmitting the information acquired by the slurry information acquisition module to a computer.

6. The intelligent porous bolting system for soft rock roadway according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control module comprises a grouting pump control module, a booster pump control module, a slurry return valve control module, a pressure relief valve control module, an inlet valve control module, a pressure regulating valve control module and an outlet valve control module.

7. The intelligent porous bolting system for soft rock roadway according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slurry information acquisition module further comprises a slurry storage pressure sensor used for acquiring the slurry pressure information of the slurry distribution device.

8. The intelligent multi-hole bolting system for soft rock roadways of claim 1, wherein, The microseismic monitoring device comprises microseismic detectors, data sub-stations and an underground monitoring host, a plurality of grouting anchors simultaneously performing grouting are grouped, the microseismic detectors are arranged at two ends of each group of grouting anchors, the microseismic detectors, the data sub-stations and the underground monitoring host are connected with each other through signal lines, and the underground monitoring host is connected with a computer through a signal line.

9. The intelligent multi-hole bolting system for soft rock roadways of claim 1, wherein, The electrical method monitoring device comprises an electrical method acquisition host, power supply electrodes and measurement electrodes which are connected with each other through signal lines, the power supply electrodes are arranged at two ends of a roadway needing anchor grouting, the measurement electrodes are arranged at two ends of each group of grouting anchors, and the electrical method acquisition host is connected with a computer through a signal line.

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