Image cutting and splicing method and hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of image processing technology, and provides an image cutting and splicing method, and a hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing, the hyperspectral imaging method comprising the steps of: S1, light emitted by an optical path element passes through a dispersion element and is imaged on a target surface of a detection element, and different pixel arrays of the detection element obtain different spectral images in the wavelength gradient direction of the dispersion element; S2, a motion element drives the detection element to move and scan over a target to be measured, and obtains a group of original images of the target to be measured; S3, after the detection element scans over the target to be measured, the spectral images of different spectral bands of the target to be measured under a fixed field of view are obtained through an image cutting and splicing method. The present invention can obtain a hyperspectral image within a fixed field of view by only moving the detection element, and has a compact structure, a small size, and a low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of image processing, and in particular to an image cutting and splicing method and a hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional RGB imaging technology, the biggest advantage of spectral imaging technology is the addition of spectral dimension. Hyperspectral images are rich in spectral information and high in spectral resolution. They contain both spectral and spatial information of the target to be measured, which can achieve fine identification of the target. However, the traditional spectral imaging method based on prisms and gratings has a complex imaging structure and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an image cutting and splicing method and a hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solutions:

[0005] An image cutting and splicing method, the image cutting and splicing method comprising the steps of:

[0006] S31, cutting out the central strip λ11 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the first original image, corresponding to the first stripe of the first spectrum segment of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0007] S32, cutting out the central strip λ21 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the second original image, corresponding to the second strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0008] Cut out the central strip λ22 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the second original image, which corresponds to the first strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0009] S33, according to steps S1 and S2, and so on, cut out the central strip λ2n 1 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the 2nth original image, corresponding to the 2nth strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0010] Cut out the central strip λ2n 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the 2n-1th strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0011] By analogy, the center strip λ2n n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment is cut out from the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the n+1th strip of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectral image;

[0012] Said n is any integer greater than 1;

[0013] S34, cutting out the central strip λ2n+1 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, corresponding to the 2nth strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0014] Cut out the central strip λ2n+13 corresponding to the position of the third spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the 2n-1th strip of the third spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0015] Cut out the strip λ2n+1n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the n+2th strip of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0016] S35. After steps S33 and S34, 2n strips of the first spectral segment are obtained. The 2n strips of the first spectral segment are sequentially spliced ​​in sequence to obtain a spectral image of the first spectral segment of the target to be measured. By analogy, spectral images of different spectral segments of the target to be measured can be obtained, thereby realizing image cutting and splicing.

[0017] The present invention also provides a hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing, the hyperspectral imaging method comprising the steps of:

[0018] S1. The light emitted by the optical path element passes through the dispersion element and is imaged on the target surface of the detection element. In the wavelength gradient direction of the dispersion element, different pixel arrays of the detection element obtain different spectral images;

[0019] S2, the motion element drives the detection element to move in a first direction to obtain a set of original images of the target to be detected;

[0020] In the non-wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same row of the detection elements obtain spectral images of the same spectrum band; in the wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same column of the detection elements obtain spectral images of different spectrum bands; or,

[0021] In the non-wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same column of the detection element obtain spectral images of the same spectrum band; in the wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same row of the detection element obtain spectral images of different spectrum bands;

[0022] S3. After the detection element scans the target to be measured, the above-mentioned image cutting and splicing method is used to obtain spectral images of different spectral bands of the target to be measured under a fixed field of view.

[0023] Preferably, the dispersion element is a wavelength gradient filter.

[0024] Preferably, the motion element drives the detection element to move in a first direction, and the first motion direction is parallel to the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter.

[0025] Preferably, the optical axis of the optical path element is perpendicular to the detection element and the wavelength gradient filter.

[0026] Preferably, the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter is parallel or perpendicular to the rows or columns of the picture elements of the detection element.

[0027] Preferably, the surface of the wavelength gradient filter is parallel to the focal plane of the optical path element.

[0028] Preferably, the detection element is a sensor that can acquire images.

[0029] Preferably, the optical path element includes a lens or a microscope.

[0030] The image cutting and splicing method provided by the present invention effectively eliminates the black stripes of a single spectrum segment image formed by cutting and splicing the entire strips of each spectrum by cutting and splicing the strips of the middle part of the single spectrum segment; the hyperspectral imaging method realized by the image cutting and splicing method of the present invention can obtain a hyperspectral image within a fixed field of view only by moving the detection element, and has a compact structure, a small size and a low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a method flow chart of a hyperspectral imaging method in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hyperspectral imaging system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of an image cutting and splicing method in a hyperspectral imaging method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1. moving element; 2. detecting element; 3. dispersive element; 4. optical path element; 5. target to be measured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a hyperspectral imaging method, which comprises the steps of:

[0037] S1. The light emitted by the optical path element passes through the dispersion element and is imaged on the target surface of the detection element. In the wavelength gradient direction of the dispersion element, different pixel arrays of the detection element obtain spectral images of different spectral bands;

[0038] S2, the motion element drives the detection element to move and scan the target to be measured, and obtains a set of original images of the target to be measured;

[0039] In the non-wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same row of the detection elements obtain spectral images of the same spectrum band; in the wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same column of the detection elements obtain spectral images of different spectrum bands; or,

[0040] In the non-wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same column of the detection element obtain spectral images of the same spectrum band; in the wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same row of the detection element obtain spectral images of different spectrum bands;

[0041] S3. After the detection element scans the target to be measured, a spectral image of different spectral bands of the target to be measured under a fixed field of view is obtained through an image cutting and splicing method.

[0042] Specifically, in step S3, the image cutting and splicing method includes the steps of:

[0043] S31, cutting out the central strip λ11 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the first original image, corresponding to the first stripe of the first spectrum segment of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0044] S32, cutting out the central strip λ21 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the second original image, corresponding to the second strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0045] Cut out the central strip λ22 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the second original image, which corresponds to the first strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0046] S33, according to steps S1 and S2, and so on, cut out the central strip λ2n 1 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the 2nth original image, corresponding to the 2nth strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0047] Cut out the central strip λ2n 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the 2n-1th strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0048] By analogy, the center strip λ2n n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment is cut out from the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the n+1th strip of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectral image;

[0049] Said n is any integer greater than 1;

[0050] S34, cutting out the central strip λ2n+1 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, corresponding to the 2nth strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0051] Cut out the central strip λ2n+13 corresponding to the position of the third spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the 2n-1th strip of the third spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0052] Cut out the strip λ2n+1n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the n+2th strip of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0053] S35. After steps S33 and S34, 2n strips of the first spectral segment are obtained. The 2n strips of the first spectral segment are sequentially spliced ​​in sequence to obtain a spectral image of the first spectral segment of the target to be measured. By analogy, spectral images of different spectral segments of the target to be measured can be obtained, thereby realizing image cutting and splicing.

[0054] In a specific implementation manner, according to steps S1 and S2, the following may be specifically included:

[0055] In the third original image, the central strip λ31 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment is cut out, which corresponds to the third strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0056] In the third original image, the center strip λ32 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment is cut out, which corresponds to the second strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0057] Cut out the central strip λ33 corresponding to the position of the third spectrum segment in the third original image, which corresponds to the first strip of the third spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0058] In the fourth original image, the central strip λ41 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment is cut out, which corresponds to the fourth strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0059] In the fourth original image, the central strip λ42 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment is cut out, which corresponds to the third strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0060] And so on, until all the collected original images are sliced.

[0061] An original image is composed of n strips of n spectral segments, and the width of the central strip of each spectral segment is half of the total width of the strips of the spectral segment. Therefore, a total of 2n original images are required to piece together an image of the same size as the original image.

[0062] Due to the limitation of the manufacturing process of the filter, the spectral response at the connection between two adjacent steps of the step gradient filter and the spectral response of the middle part of the spectral band strip are quite different. When cutting and splicing the entire strip of a single spectral band, obvious gray stripes will appear at the connection between two adjacent strips of the spliced ​​single spectral band image. The present invention can effectively eliminate the black stripes of the spliced ​​single spectral band image by cutting and splicing the strip of the middle part of the entire strip of each spectral band.

[0063] The hyperspectral imaging method provided by the present invention can obtain a hyperspectral image within a fixed field of view only by moving the detection element, and has a compact structure, a small volume and a low cost.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, the hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing provided by the present invention can be performed as follows: Figure 2 The hyperspectral imaging system shown is implemented.

[0065] In this specific embodiment, the imaging system includes a motion element 1, a detection element 2, a dispersion element 3 and an optical path element 4; the motion element 1 is connected to the detection element 2, and the motion element 1 drives the detection element 2 to move; the dispersion element 3 is encapsulated on the target surface of the detection element 2, and is located between the detection element 2 and the optical path element 4; the motion element 1 drives the detection element 2 and the target 5 to be measured to move relative to each other, and the optical path element 4 collects the original image containing the target 5 to be measured, and obtains the hyperspectral image of the target 5 to be measured through image cutting and image stitching.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the dispersion element is a wavelength gradient filter 3, and the wavelength gradient filter 3 is located between the detection element 2 and the optical path element 4; the detection element 2 is used to receive the spectral band energy of the spectrum split by the wavelength gradient filter 3, and is specifically a sensor that can acquire an image, such as CMOS, etc.; the length of the wavelength gradient filter 3 in the non-wavelength gradient direction must be greater than or equal to the length of the detection element 2 in this direction, and the length of the wavelength gradient filter 3 in the wavelength gradient direction can be less than the length of the detection element 2 in this direction. The wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3 is parallel or perpendicular to the rows or columns of the pixels of the detection element 2. The surface of the wavelength gradient filter 3 is parallel to the focal plane of the optical path element 4.

[0067] The optical path element 4 includes but is not limited to a lens or a microscope, as long as it is an optical system that can image the target 5 to be measured. The moving element 1 drives the detection element 2 to move in the first direction. During the movement, the detection element 2 and the wavelength gradient filter 3 are relatively stationary. The first movement direction is the direction from the first side to the second side of the target 5 to be measured, and the first movement direction is parallel to the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3. The optical axis of the optical path element 4 is perpendicular to the detection element 2 and the wavelength gradient filter 3.

[0068] The motion element 1 specifically refers to an external motion device that is relatively independent of the detection element 2, and may be an electrically controlled mobile platform or an electrically controlled turntable, etc. The motion element 1 may move in one direction to achieve a single acquisition of the target 5 to be measured; or it may move back and forth along the direction of motion to continuously acquire hyperspectral images of the target 5 to be measured at different time periods.

[0069] Based on the above-mentioned hyperspectral imaging system, the hyperspectral imaging method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0070] S11, encapsulate the wavelength gradient filter 3 above the target surface of the detection element 2. Note that during encapsulation, it is necessary to ensure that the target surface plane of the detection element 2 is parallel to the wavelength planes of each level of the wavelength gradient filter 3. At the same time, the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3 is parallel to the direction of the rows of the pixels of the detection element 2, and the non-wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3 is parallel to the direction of the columns of the detection element 2; or, the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3 is parallel to the direction of the columns of the pixels of the detection element 2, and the non-wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3 is parallel to the direction of the rows of the detection element 2; the wavelength gradient filter 3 is tightly attached to the target surface of the detector element 2, the distance reaches the micron level, and the pixel-level alignment is achieved between the wavelength gradient filter 3 and the detector element 2.

[0071] S22, determine the spectrum of the wavelength gradient filter 3 at different positions in the wavelength gradient direction, that is, after the wavelength gradient filter 3 is packaged, the spectrum corresponding to different columns (or rows) of the detection element 2 in the wavelength gradient direction. The specific method is: monochromatic light of different wavelengths is vertically incident on the target surface of the detection element 2, and the corresponding monochromatic light wavelength is calibrated as the spectrum of the corresponding column (or row) at the center of the illuminated position of the measurement light spot.

[0072] S36, the moving element 1 drives the packaged detection element 2 to move along the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3. Each time it moves, the moving element 1 first drives the detection element 2 to move to the initial position, where the initial position refers to the first spectrum segment in the detection element 2 that has not yet scanned the left edge of the target 5 to be measured.

[0073] S44, calculate the movement speed of the motion element 1 driving the detection element 2. The movement speed of the detection element 2 during movement needs to match the calibration result of the wavelength gradient filter 3 and the acquired frame rate. Assuming that the movement speed of the motion element 1 driving the detection element 2 in an ideal state is v, the geometric width occupied by each spectrum of the wavelength gradient filter 3 (i.e., the geometric width of a single spectrum segment) is d, and the frame rate acquired by the detection element 2 is fps, the relationship should be:

[0074] d=v×(1 / fps)

[0075] That is, v=d×fps.

[0076] S55, according to the movement speed calculated in S44, the detection element 2 is driven by the motion element 1 to move from the left edge of the target 5 to the right edge of the target 5, until the last spectral band of the wavelength gradient filter 3 scans the right edge of the target 5, so that the detection element 2 collects a set of original images including the target 5.

[0077] S66, image cutting and image stitching. During the movement of the detection element 2 and the wavelength gradient filter 3, for a single column (i.e., a single spectral channel) of the detection element 2 in the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter 3, the single spectrum images collected at different times or positions are different. After cutting out the image of the fixed field of view of the target 5 to be measured collected by the single spectrum, the image is stitched to obtain a single spectrum spectral image of the target 5 to be measured.

[0078] It should be noted that when cutting and splicing images, all columns (or rows) of a single spectrum segment in each original image can be used, or part of the columns (or rows) of a single spectrum segment can be used. When not using all columns (or rows) of a single spectrum segment in each original image for jigsaw puzzle, the number of original images required to assemble a set of hyperspectral images of the target 5 to be measured needs to be increased accordingly. For example, taking the middle column of a single spectrum segment for each cutting and jigsaw puzzle, Figure 3 As shown, the specific image cutting and splicing method is as follows:

[0079] Each time the middle half of the column of a single spectrum is cut and pieced together, at least 3n-1 original images need to be collected to obtain a set of hyperspectral images, where n is the number of spectral channels contained in the wavelength gradient filter.

[0080] The center strip λ11 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment is cut out from the first original image, which corresponds to the first stripe of the first spectrum segment of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0081] A central strip λ21 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment is cut out from the second original image, which corresponds to the second spectrum of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; a central strip λ22 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment is cut out from the second original image, which corresponds to the first spectrum of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0082] A central strip λ31 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment is cut out from the third original image, corresponding to the third line of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; a central strip λ32 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment is cut out from the third original image, corresponding to the second line of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; a central strip λ33 corresponding to the position of the third spectrum segment is cut out from the third original image, corresponding to the first line of the third spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0083] By analogy, the center strip λ2n 1 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment is cut out from the 2n-th original image, corresponding to the 2n-th spectrum of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; the center strip λ2n 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment is cut out from the 2n-th original image, corresponding to the 2n-1-th spectrum of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; the center strip λ2n n corresponding to the position of the n-th spectrum segment is cut out from the 2n-th original image, corresponding to the n+1-th spectrum of the n-th spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0084] Cut out the central strip λ2n+1 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the 2nth spectrum of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; cut out the central strip λ2n+1 3 corresponding to the position of the third spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the 2n-1th spectrum of the third spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; cut out the strip λ2n+1n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the n+2th spectrum of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image;

[0085] By analogy, we finally get 2n strips of the first spectral segment of the wavelength gradient filter, and splice the 2n strips of the first spectral segment in sequence from right to left to obtain the spectral image of the first spectral segment of the target 5 to be measured; and by analogy, we can obtain the spectral images of each spectral segment of the target 5 to be measured, that is, the hyperspectral image of the target 5 to be measured.

[0086] S77, continuously collect the hyperspectral image of the target 5 to be measured. The moving element 1 drives the detecting element 2 to move back and forth, so as to continuously collect the hyperspectral image of the target 5 to be measured in different time periods. It should be noted that when the detecting element 2 moves in the opposite direction of the initial moving direction, the direction of the puzzle also needs to be reversed, that is, the n strips of each spectrum are spliced ​​in sequence from left to right.

[0087] The present invention encapsulates the wavelength gradient filter 3 on the target surface of the detection element 2, and can obtain a hyperspectral image of the target 5 to be measured by moving the detection element 2. Compared with the existing hyperspectral imaging method based on grating spectroscopy, the hyperspectral imaging method of the present invention has a simple imaging structure and lower cost.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0089] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0090] The above specific implementations of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hyperspectral imaging method based on image cutting and splicing, characterized in that it includes the steps of: S1. The light emitted by the optical path element passes through the dispersion element and is imaged on the target surface of the detection element. In the wavelength gradient direction of the dispersion element, different pixel arrays of the detection element obtain spectral images of different spectral bands; S2, the motion element drives the detection element to move and scan the target to be measured, and obtains a set of original images of the target to be measured; S3, after the detection element scans the target to be measured, the spectral images of different spectral bands of the target to be measured under a fixed field of view are obtained by an image cutting and splicing method; The image cutting and splicing method comprises: S31, cutting out the central strip λ11 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the first original image, corresponding to the first stripe of the first spectrum segment of the spliced ​​spectrum image; S32, cutting out the central strip λ21 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the second original image, corresponding to the second strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; Cut out the central strip λ22 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the second original image, which corresponds to the first strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; S33, according to steps S31 and S32, and so on, cut out the central strip λ2n 1 corresponding to the position of the first spectrum segment in the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the 2nth strip of the first spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; Cut out the central strip λ2n 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the 2n-1th strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; By analogy, the center strip λ2n n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment is cut out from the 2nth original image, which corresponds to the n+1th strip of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectral image; Said n is any integer greater than 1; S34, cutting out the central strip λ2n+1 2 corresponding to the position of the second spectrum segment in the 2n+1th original image, corresponding to the 2nth strip of the second spectrum of the spliced ​​spectrum image; By analogy, the strip λ2n+1 n corresponding to the position of the nth spectrum segment is cut out from the 2n+1th original image, which corresponds to the n+2th strip of the nth spectrum of the spliced ​​spectral image; S35, after steps S33 and S34, 2n strips of the first spectrum segment are obtained, and the 2n strips of the first spectrum segment are sequentially spliced ​​in order to obtain a spectrum image of the first spectrum segment of the target to be measured; and by analogy, spectrum images of different spectrum segments of the target to be measured can be obtained, thereby realizing image cutting and splicing; The original image is composed of n strips of n spectrum segments, and the width of the central strip of each spectrum segment is half of the total width of the strips of the spectrum segment.

2. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hyperspectral imaging method further comprises: In step S2: in the non-wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same row of the detection elements obtain spectral images of the same spectrum; in the wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same column of the detection elements obtain spectral images of different spectrums; or, In the non-wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same column of the detection elements obtain spectral images of the same spectrum band; in the wavelength gradient direction of the original image, the pixels in the same row of the detection elements obtain spectral images of different spectrum bands.

3. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersion element is a wavelength gradient filter.

4. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving element drives the detecting element to move and scan the target to be measured, and the moving direction of the detecting element is parallel to the wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter.

5. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical axis of the optical path element is perpendicular to the detection element and the wavelength gradient filter.

6. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wavelength gradient direction of the wavelength gradient filter is parallel or perpendicular to the row of picture elements of the detection element.

7. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the wavelength gradient filter is parallel to the focal plane of the optical path element.

8. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection element is a sensor for acquiring an image.

9. The hyperspectral imaging method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical path element includes a lens or a microscope.

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