Grape root growth grading evaluation method and its application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, especially to a grading and evaluation method for grape root growth and its application. This invention evaluates the root system of two-year-old grape plants by taking photos and images, and then evaluates the root growth of grapes by calculating the white root area and analyzing the area ratio of the new root area of ​​the white root system. Through the evaluation results, the applicant found that: by calculating the R value to classify the growth status of the grape plants, and then according to the classification results, the grapes are fertilized and managed, which effectively improves the quality of the grapes. These findings show that this classification method can significantly improve the quality of the grape plants. This is a scientific, objective and effective fertilization method, which provides a good guide for grape cultivation.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, in particular to a grape root growth grading evaluation method and application thereof. [Background Technology]

[0002] Roots are vital plant organs, stabilizing the plant, absorbing water and nutrients, and storing them. Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) are one of the most widely cultivated cash crops in the world. For a long time, southern my country was considered unsuitable for grape cultivation. However, the widespread use of the double-harvest model has made Guangxi a particularly advantageous grape production region.

[0003] Grapevines are large, perennial plants that invest a significant portion of their energy in maintaining and expanding their root systems. Fine roots are at the forefront of this expansion as the vine explores new microenvironments for water and nutrients. Consequently, fine roots are the most dynamic part of the entire root system and can be replaced several times annually. However, grapevine root growth begins after flowering and, in some viticultural regions, is most noticeable after harvest.

[0004] Currently, common methods for studying grape root systems include excavation, soil clods, whole-segment specimens, and longitudinal section wall methods. These methods damage the root system and prevent continuous micro-root studies. Therefore, current root system research urgently requires a rapid, efficient, and non-destructive observation method. Existing research on root systems also utilizes transparent root chambers, which primarily involve planting plants in a chamber with multiple transparent surfaces and combining them with image acquisition devices to accurately capture in situ root images.

[0005] However, extensive research has revealed that current transparent root chamber research primarily focuses on using transparent matrices such as hydroponic or gel culture media, with no research using colored matrices like soil. Existing techniques utilize transparent matrices in conjunction with scanning equipment to quickly and accurately measure parameters such as root length, elongation, longest root, and deepest root. However, in actual work, we found that transparent matrices are not suitable for plants with particularly developed root systems. Moreover, most plants grow in soil. The results of research using transparent matrices are not suitable for guiding field planting and cannot be used for promotion. When using "soil" to fill a transparent root chamber to study the root systems of plants, the applicant found that since many parts of the roots are deeply buried in the soil, and the soil itself is mostly black and not transparent, it is difficult to accurately calculate relevant parameters such as root length, elongation, and longest root when using the scanning method to study the roots. Moreover, after the plant roots grow, the roots that grow in the front will slowly turn gray due to the long growth time, thereby affecting the ability to distinguish the roots and making it impossible to obtain accurate experimental results. Therefore, in order to improve the research on plant roots and combine the image acquisition device to obtain in situ images of the roots, it is necessary to conduct research in this application. [Summary of the invention]

[0006] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a new grading evaluation method that can derive the law of grape root growth based on grape soil cultivation, find a suitable grading evaluation model, and provide guidance on grape topdressing based on the grading evaluation indicators, so as to achieve precise management of grape planting management.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A method for grading and evaluating grape root growth is provided, comprising: planting self-rooted grape seedlings in a glass observation planting box filled with a culture medium; photographing one side of the glass observation planting box every four days, spraying the grape roots with a spray liquid after the photographs are taken, and ensuring that the grape roots are completely colored at this time; when photographing, ensuring that one side of the glass observation planting box is completely within the photographed photos, thereby obtaining a root system scan image; importing the root system scan image into image processing software, calculating the area of ​​white roots in the image, and calculating the ratio R of the root system area to the culture medium surface; when 0% < R < 3%, the grape is in growth stage I; when the R value is ≥ 3%, the grape is in growth stage II; and when the R value is ≤ 0%, the grape is in growth stage III.

[0009] The calculation model of R is: R = (ΔS / S) × 100%; where S is the area of ​​the culture surface in the image, and ΔS is the difference between two adjacent root areas. The calculation model is as follows:

[0010] ΔS=S n -Sn-1 , where S n is the nth root area, S n-1 is the root area of ​​the previous n.

[0011] Furthermore, the cultivation matrix is ​​composed of organic fertilizer, soil and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0012] Furthermore, the spraying liquid is composed of activated carbon, kaolin and water in a mass ratio of 1:50:250.

[0013] A method for applying the grape root growth grading evaluation method to perform topdressing on annual grapes comprises: using the grading evaluation method to determine the growth stage I, growth stage II, and / or growth stage III of the grapes; applying compound fertilizer and foliar fertilizer 1 once to the grapes in growth stage I, applying compound fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and foliar fertilizer 2 once to the grapes in growth stage II, and not applying fertilizer to the grapes in growth stage III.

[0014] Furthermore, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is kg / mu, the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is 12kg / mu; the concentrations of the effective substances in foliar fertilizer 1 are: 0.2% borax, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the concentration of the effective substances in foliar fertilizer 2 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0015] A method for applying the grape root growth grading evaluation method to perform topdressing on grapes grown twice a year, the method comprising: using the grading evaluation method to determine growth stage I, growth stage II, and / or growth stage III of the grapes; applying compound fertilizer and foliar fertilizer 1 once to the grapes in growth stage I, applying compound fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and foliar fertilizer 2 once to the grapes in growth stage II, and applying foliar fertilizer 3 three times to the grapes in growth stage III.

[0016] Furthermore, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 10 kg / mu, the potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is 12 kg / mu; the concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 1 is: 0.2% borax, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 2 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 3 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea.

[0017] Furthermore, the grapes are Kyoho grapes.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention evaluates the root system of two-year-old grape plants by photographing and processing the images, then calculating the white root area and analyzing the area ratio of the white root area to the newly formed root area. The evaluation results are further analyzed, and the applicant has found that the growth status of the grape plants can be classified by calculating the R value, and then fertilization and planting management of the grapes can be carried out according to the classification results, which can effectively increase the grape yield. This shows that the classification method can significantly increase the yield of grape plants, is a scientific, objective and effective fertilization method, and has good guiding significance for grape cultivation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of image sampling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a color image of the root system when no spraying liquid is sprayed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a color diagram of the root system when the spray liquid is sprayed in an embodiment of the present invention. [Specific implementation method]

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] This embodiment is a method for evaluating the growth of grape root system. Figure 1-3 As shown:

[0026] The experiment was conducted in the grape experimental area on the roof of the office building of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In March 2016, three Kyoho grapes (one crop per year) and three Kyoho grapes (two crops per year) were planted in glass observation boxes containing culture medium. The fruiting was normal in the second year. Each planting box was 100cm×40cm×60cm in size, with 8mm thick glass and 5mm thick pearl cotton outside to avoid light and keep warm (see Figure 1One side (100cm×60cm) can be opened for photography, and there is a drainage device at the bottom. Starting from April 1, 2018, every four days, a Canon D4 was used to take photos at the same focal length at a fixed position, ensuring that the (100cm×60cm) glass box fell completely into the lens. After the photo shoot, the grape roots were sprayed with a spray liquid (the spray liquid consisted of activated carbon, kaolin, and water in a mass ratio of 1:50:250). The photo shoot lasted for one year, with a pixel density of 1200dpi. The root scan images were saved on a computer in TIFF format. All other management measures were the same as those for field production.

[0027] Import the root system scanned images into HYGX image processing software; the software was developed by Guangxi Huiyun Information Technology Co., Ltd.

[0028] HYGX image processing software was used to calculate the white root area in the image and the root area ratio R;

[0029] The calculation model for R is: R = (ΔS / S) × 100%; where S is the area of ​​the culture surface in the image, and ΔS is the difference in root area between two adjacent measurements. The calculation model is as follows:

[0030] ΔS=S n -S n-1 , where S n is the nth root area, S n-1 is the root area of ​​the previous n.

[0031] Then, the evaluation criteria are based on the area ratio, the grape growth period, the growth time, and the plant status, as follows:

[0032] Table 1 Root system evaluation criteria for one-year-old grapes

[0033] time Area ratio R Plant status Plant growth period 2018.2.15-2018.4.7 0％±0 Bud break to first flowering Growth phase III 2018.4.7-2018.4.14 0.53％±0.123 From flowering to fruit setting Growth Phase I 2018.4.14-2018.4.26 3.28％±0.011 From fruit setting to the first swelling period Growth Phase II 2018.4.26-2018.6.20 3.25％±0.137 From the first expansion period to the initial maturity period Growth Phase II 2018.6.20-2018.7.9 1.47％±0.423 Fruit ripening period Growth Phase I 2018.7.9-2018.7.20 0.89％±0.323 Harvest period Growth Phase I 2018.7.20-2018.10.13 3.27％+0.041 Postharvest Growth Phase II 2018.10.13-2018.11.27 1.45％±0.027 Postharvest Growth Phase I 2018.11.27-2018.12.30 0％±0 Postharvest Growth phase III

[0034] As shown in Table 1, starting from February 15th, the calculated area ratio was 0%, and the root area ratio was R. R ≤ 0% indicates that the plant is in growth stage III, when the roots are still dormant and the grape plants are in the bud break to initial flowering stage. From April 7th to April 14th, the calculated area ratio was 0.53% ± 0.123, and the root area ratio was R. 0% < R < 3%, indicating that the plant is in growth stage I, from initial flowering to fruit setting. From April 14th to June 20th, the root area ratio R ≥ 3%, indicating that the plant is in growth stage II, with rapid root growth and the grape plants are in the first expansion to initial ripening stage. From June 20th to July 20th, the root area ratio was 0% < R < 3%, indicating that root growth slowed down and the grape plants were in the ripening stage to harvest. From July 20 to October 13, the root area ratio was measured to be 3.27%±0.041, and the root area ratio was R, R≥3%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage II, indicating that the root system of the plant ushered in another growth peak after picking; from October 13 to November 27, the root area ratio was measured to be 1.45%±0.027, and the root area ratio was R, 0%<R<3%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage I, and the root growth slowed down again; from November 27 to December 30, the root area ratio was measured to be 0%±0, and the root area ratio was R, R≤0%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage III and the root system entered a dormant state.

[0035] Table 2 Root system evaluation criteria for two-crop grapes per year

[0036] time Area ratio R Plant status Plant growth period 2018.2.10-2018.4.11 0％±0 Bud break to first flowering Growth phase III 2018.4.11-2018.4.21 1.07％±0.174 Flowering to fruiting period Growth Phase I 2018.4.21-2018.4.27 4.09％+0.028 From fruit setting to the first swelling period Growth Phase II 2018.4.27-2018.6.15 3.14％+0.024 From the first expansion period to the initial maturity period Growth Phase II 2018.6.15-2018.7.11 1.27％±0.147 Fruit ripening period Growth Phase I 2018.7.11-2018.7.20 0.24％+0.024 Harvest period Growth Phase I 2018.8.14-2018.9.6 1.18％+0.009 Bud break to first flowering Growth Phase I 2018.9.6-2018.9.13 3.01％±0.214 From flowering to fruit setting Growth Phase II 2018.9.13-2018.9.23 3.24％+0.401 From fruit setting to the first swelling period Growth Phase II 2018.9.23-2018.11.27 2.47％+0.223 From the first expansion period to the initial maturity period Growth Phase I 2018.11.27-2019.1.11 0.23％+0.02 Fruit ripening period Growth Phase I 20191.11-2019.2.1 0％±0 Postharvest Growth phase III

[0037] Table 2 shows that the root growth and plant growth of the first crop of grapes grown twice a year are basically the same as those of grapes grown once a year. The second crop was pruned on August 4 and began to bud on August 14. From August 14 to September 6, the calculated area ratio was 1.18% ± 0.009, and the root area ratio was R. 0% < R < 3%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage I, from bud break to flowering. From September 6 to September 13, the calculated area ratio was 3.01% ± 0.214, and the root area ratio was R. R ≥ 3%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage II, from flowering to fruit set. From September 13th to September 23rd, the calculated area ratio was 3.24% ± 0.401, and the root area ratio was R. R ≥ 3%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage II, from fruit set to the first expansion stage. From September 23rd to November 27th, the calculated area ratio was 2.47% ± 0.223, and the root area ratio was R. 0% < R < 3%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage I, with slowed root growth and the plant in the first expansion stage to initial ripening. From November 27th to January 11th, the root area ratio was 0% < R < 3%, indicating that the plant was in the ripening stage. From January 11th to February 1st, the root area ratio was 0% ± 0, and the root area ratio was R. R ≤ 0%, indicating that the plant was in growth stage III, with the root system entering a dormant state.

[0038] The cultivation matrix of this embodiment is composed of organic fertilizer, soil and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. Among them, the organic fertilizer of this application is purchased from Guangxi Zhencheng Agriculture Co., Ltd.; the soil is ordinary garden soil; and the peat soil is German Dahan peat soil, model K2K.

[0039] In actual work, the inventors found that the entire evaluation system can only be well evaluated in combination with the spray liquid of the present application; the spray liquid of the present application does not contain fertilizer components, and the modified components will not affect the growth of the root system, and it is as close to the actual growth conditions of grape cultivation as possible; specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown;

[0040] Figure 2 No spraying fluid was applied after the photo shoot;

[0041] Figure 3 After the photographing was completed, a spraying liquid was sprayed; wherein the spraying liquid consisted of activated carbon, kaolin and water in a mass ratio of 1:50:250.

[0042] from Figure 1 and Figure 2 The comparison shows: Figure 1The old and new roots in the root system are not well distinguished, and there are many "gray" areas in the white area, which leads to inaccurate values ​​in the calculation. In this application, the root information is collected by collecting the "white" area as the sampling value. When the grape root system grows, the deviation is large and the modeling result is inaccurate. Figure 2 In the experiment, the old roots were completely "dyed black". On the 4th day, the old roots were completely black. Taking photos and sampling after 4 days can well distinguish the new roots from the old roots. The modeling results are accurate and have guiding significance.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] The method of Example 1 was used to carry out fertilization and planting management on grape growth, and the specific method was as follows:

[0045] Grape variety: Kyoho grape

[0046] According to Table 1 of Example 1, the evaluation criteria for the root system of grapes grown once a year were obtained, the grape growth period was classified, and the grapes were subjected to the following topdressing management:

[0047] ① Apply compound fertilizer in the first growth stage of grapes, with an application amount of 10kg / mu. At the same time, spray foliar fertilizer 1 on the leaves. The concentrations of the effective substances of foliar fertilizer 1 are: 0.2% borax, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the application frequency is 1 time; the spraying time is just after entering the first growth stage.

[0048] ② Apply compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the second growth stage of grapes: the application amount is: 10kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 12kg / mu of potassium sulfate. At the same time, spray foliar fertilizer 2 on the leaves. The concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 2 is: 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the application frequency is 1 time; the spraying time is just after entering the growth stage II.

[0049] ③ No topdressing is required during the III growth stage of grapes.

[0050] The above fertilization management period is from April 2019 to December 2020;

[0051] At the same time, a control group of plants was also planted, and the control group was managed with conventional topdressing fertilizer, namely:

[0052] The first topdressing is to apply compound fertilizer 7-10 days after the first season of summer fruits and flowers fade, with an application rate of 20 kg / mu;

[0053] The second topdressing is applied when the fruits of the first season summer fruits begin to change color. Apply compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer at the following rates: 20 kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 25 kg / mu of potassium sulfate.

[0054] In addition, foliar fertilizer is also sprayed. The foliar fertilizer application method is as follows:

[0055] After the new leaves unfold, before flowering, and after the flowers fade: spray 0.2% to 0.3% borax + 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves.

[0056] Fruit expansion period: spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;

[0057] Fruit coloring period: spray 0.5% magnesium sulfate;

[0058] Except for fertilization management, other conventional management methods are exactly the same;

[0059] Then, the grape yield and amount of topdressing for each grape plant at the end of 2019 and 2020 were counted and calculated, as shown in Table 3:

[0060] Table 3 Annual yield of raw grapes

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] As can be seen from Table 3, the fertilization method of the present application has a higher yield and less topdressing than the control group. The amount of topdressing required is only half of that of the control group, while the yield is increased by about 6 kg / plant; this shows that the method of the present application can achieve precise fertilization of grapes.

[0064] In addition, the evaluation criteria for the root system of grapes grown twice a year were obtained according to Table 2 of Example 1, the grape growth period was classified, and the following fertilization management was performed on the grapes:

[0065] Grape variety: Kyoho grape.

[0066] From April to August 2019 and from April to August 2020, the grapes were classified into growth phases I, II, and III according to the typing results in Table 2. The following topdressing management was performed on the grapes during the first crop growth period:

[0067] ① Apply compound fertilizer in the first growth phase of grapes at a rate of 10 kg / mu. At the same time, spray foliar fertilizer 1 on the leaves. The concentrations of the effective substances in foliar fertilizer 1 are: 0.2% borax, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the application frequency is 1 time. The spraying time is when the grapes just enter the first growth phase from the previous period.

[0068] ② Apply compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the growth stage II of grapes: the application amount is: 10kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 12kg / mu of potassium sulfate. At the same time, spray foliar fertilizer 2 on the leaves. The concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 2 is: 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the application frequency is 1 time. The spraying time is when the grapes just enter the growth stage II from the previous period 1.

[0069] ③ Apply foliar fertilizer 3 in the growth stage III of grapes: the concentrations of the effective substances of foliar fertilizer 3 are: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea, and the application frequency is 2 times; the time of spraying is when the grapes just enter the growth stage III from the previous period, and the time of spraying the foliar fertilizer for the second time is: 7 days after the first fertilization.

[0070] At the same time, a control group of plants was also planted, and the control group was managed with conventional topdressing fertilizer, namely:

[0071] The first topdressing is applied 7-10 days after the summer fruits have bloomed. Apply compound fertilizer at a rate of 20 kg / mu.

[0072] The second topdressing is applied when the summer fruits begin to change color. Apply compound fertilizer and potassium fertilizer at the following rates: 20 kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 25 kg / mu of potassium sulfate.

[0073] The third topdressing is to apply compound fertilizer after pruning and germination of winter fruits at a rate of 20 kg / mu;

[0074] The fourth topdressing is applied when the winter fruit is about to change color. Apply compound fertilizer + potassium fertilizer. The application amount is: compound fertilizer 20kg / mu and 20kg / mu.

[0075] In addition, foliar fertilizer is also sprayed. The foliar fertilizer application method is as follows:

[0076] After the new leaves unfold, before flowering, and after the flowers fade: spray 0.2% to 0.3% borax + 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves.

[0077] Fruit expansion period: spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate;

[0078] Fruit coloring period: spray 0.5% magnesium sulfate;

[0079] After picking the fruits and before the leaves fall: spray 0.3% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 times to delay the leaf fall and accumulate reserve nutrients.

[0080] Except for fertilization management, other conventional management methods are exactly the same; among them, the compound fertilizers used in this application are all Shima brand compound fertilizers.

[0081] Then, the grape yield of each grape plant at the end of 2019 and the end of 2020 was counted and calculated, as shown in Table 4:

[0082] Table 4 Yield of grapes harvested twice a year

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 3, the fertilization method of the present application has a higher yield and less topdressing than the control group, with the amount of topdressing required being only half of that of the control group, while the total yield is increased by about 10 kg / plant, indicating that the method of the present application can achieve precise fertilization of grapes.

[0085] In summary, the root system evaluation method of the present application is used to classify grapes, which objectively reflects the root system status of grapes during growth. The above evaluation criteria are used to guide the fertilization and planting of grapes, which effectively increases the yield of grapes and requires less fertilizer. It is a scientific, objective and effective fertilization method, which has good guiding significance for grape planting.

[0086] The examples described above merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that variations and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention, and such variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for applying a grape root growth grading evaluation method to topdress grapes once a year, characterized in that: The method comprises: using the grape root growth grading evaluation method to determine the growth stage I, growth stage II and / or growth stage III of the grapes; applying compound fertilizer and foliar fertilizer 1 once to the grapes in growth stage I, applying compound fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and foliar fertilizer 2 once to the grapes in growth stage II, and not applying topdressing to the grapes in growth stage III; The application rate of the compound fertilizer is kg / mu, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application rate is 12kg / mu; the concentrations of the effective substances of foliar fertilizer 1 are: 0.2% borax, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the concentration of the effective substances of foliar fertilizer 2 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The grape root growth grading and evaluation method comprises the following steps: planting self-rooted grape seedlings in a glass observation planting box filled with a culture medium; photographing one side of the glass observation planting box every four days, spraying the grape roots with a spray liquid after the photographing to ensure that the grape roots are completely colored; when photographing, ensuring that one side of the glass observation planting box is completely within the photographed photo, to obtain a root system scan image; importing the root system scan image into image processing software, calculating the area of ​​the white root system in the image, and calculating the ratio R of the root system area to the culture medium surface; when 0% < R < 3%, the grape is in growth stage I; when the R value is ≥ 3%, the grape is in growth stage II; and when the R value is ≤ 0%, the grape is in growth stage III. The calculation model of R is: R = (△S / S) × 100%; where S is the area of ​​the culture surface in the image, and △S is the difference between two adjacent root areas. The calculation model is as follows: △S=S n -S n-1 , where S n is the nth root area, S n-1 is the root area of ​​the previous n; The cultivation matrix is ​​composed of organic fertilizer, soil and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; The spraying liquid consists of activated carbon, kaolin and water in a mass ratio of 1:50:

250.

2. A method for applying topdressing to grapes grown twice a year using a grape root growth grading evaluation method, characterized in that: The method comprises: using the grading evaluation method to determine the growth stage I, growth stage II and / or growth stage III of the grapes; applying compound fertilizer and foliar fertilizer 1 once to the grapes in growth stage I, applying compound fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and foliar fertilizer 2 once to the grapes in growth stage II, and applying foliar fertilizer 3 three times to the grapes in growth stage III; The application amount of the compound fertilizer is 10 kg / mu, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is 12 kg / mu; the concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 1 is: 0.2% borax, 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 2 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the concentration of the effective substance of foliar fertilizer 3 is: 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea; The grape root growth grading and evaluation method comprises the following steps: planting self-rooted grape seedlings in a glass observation planting box filled with a culture medium; photographing one side of the glass observation planting box every four days, spraying the grape roots with a spray liquid after the photographing to ensure that the grape roots are completely colored; when photographing, ensuring that one side of the glass observation planting box is completely within the photographed photo, to obtain a root system scan image; importing the root system scan image into image processing software, calculating the area of ​​the white root system in the image, and calculating the ratio R of the root system area to the culture medium surface; when 0% < R < 3%, the grape is in growth stage I; when the R value is ≥ 3%, the grape is in growth stage II; and when the R value is ≤ 0%, the grape is in growth stage III. The calculation model of R is: R = (△S / S) × 100%; where S is the area of ​​the culture surface in the image, and △S is the difference between two adjacent root areas. The calculation model is as follows: △S=S n -S n-1 , where S n is the nth root area, S n-1 is the root area of ​​the previous n; The cultivation matrix is ​​composed of organic fertilizer, soil and peat soil in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; The spraying liquid consists of activated carbon, kaolin and water in a mass ratio of 1:50:

250.

3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that The grapes are Kyoho grapes.

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