Dialysis device and priming method for a dialysis device

Abstract

The present application provides a dialysis device and a priming method of the dialysis device. The operation time of priming can be shortened. The present application relates to a dialysis device provided with a connection passage (blood return passage, replacement fluid passage) for connecting a dialysate circuit and a blood circuit, and allowing dialysate to flow from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit through the connection passage during priming operation. The blood pump is provided with a tube mounting unit capable of switching from an uninstalled state in which a tube is located outside a housing and liquid can flow inside to an installed state in which the tube is accommodated in the housing and the tube is pressed by the rotor. During priming operation, dialysate is caused to flow from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit through the connection passage by the liquid delivery pump, and the blood pump is set to the uninstalled state to allow dialysate to flow past the blood pump, and the blood pump is set to the installed state to allow dialysate to flow in the opposite direction of the blood pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dialysis apparatus and a priming method for the dialysis apparatus, and more specifically to a dialysis apparatus having a blood circuit and a dialysate circuit, and a priming method for the dialysis apparatus to fill the blood circuit by allowing dialysate to flow from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Dialysis devices used in hemodialysis and the like have a structure that connects a blood circuit for blood flow and a dialysate circuit for dialysate flow to a dialyzer for performing hemodialysis.

[0003] In such a dialysis device, a new dialyzer and blood circuit are installed into the dialysis device each time a dialysis treatment is performed. Along with this, a starting filler solution is needed to fill the dialyzer and blood circuit.

[0004] As a method for performing the above-mentioned start-up filling, a method is known for filling the blood circuit by allowing the dialysate to flow from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit. During the start-up filling operation, in order to allow the dialysate to flow into the blood circuit as a whole, a blood pump installed in the blood circuit is used (Japanese Patent No. 6685374). Summary of the Invention

[0005] Here, the blood pump mentioned above is generally a tubular pump, but this tubular pump has the problem of low fluid delivery capacity and time spent in order to make the dialysate flow into the blood circuit as a whole.

[0006] In addition, when starting the infusion operation, in order to prevent air bubbles from flowing into the patient during treatment, it is necessary to remove air bubbles without leaving any residue in the blood circuit. However, due to the low fluid delivery capacity (flow rate) of the tubing pump, there is a problem that it cannot efficiently remove the air bubbles remaining in the blood circuit.

[0007] In view of these problems, the present invention provides a dialysis apparatus and a method for starting and administering dialysis that can shorten the time required for initiation and administration and efficiently remove residual air bubbles in the blood circuit.

[0008] The dialysis apparatus according to Embodiment 1 comprises: a dialyzer having a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber internally; a blood circuit for flowing blood into the blood chamber of the dialyzer; a dialysate circuit for flowing dialysate into the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer; a delivery pump disposed in the dialysate circuit for delivering dialysate; and a connecting passage for connecting the dialysate circuit and the blood circuit.

[0009] The aforementioned dialysis device is equipped with a blood pump, which includes: a housing housing a flexible tube constituting the blood circuit; and a rotor that rotates inside the housing while simultaneously compressing and rotating the tube.

[0010] During startup of the dialysate filling operation, dialysate flows from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit via the aforementioned connection passage. The aforementioned dialysis device is characterized in that…

[0011] The aforementioned blood pump has a tube mounting unit that switches from an unmounted state, where the tube is located outside the housing and allows liquid to flow inside, to an mounted state, where the tube is housed in the housing and locked by the rotor pressing the tube.

[0012] During the above-mentioned start-up and filling operation, the blood pump is set to the above-mentioned uninstalled state. The dialysate is made to flow from the dialysate circuit into the blood circuit through the above-mentioned connection passage by the above-mentioned delivery pump. After a predetermined amount of dialysate flows over the blood pump, the blood pump is set to the installed state by the above-mentioned tube installation unit.

[0013] In the starting and filling method of the dialysis device according to the invention of embodiment 5, the dialysis device includes: a dialyzer having a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber formed therein; a blood circuit for flowing blood into the blood chamber of the dialyzer; a dialysate circuit for flowing dialysate into the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer; a delivery pump disposed in the dialysate circuit for delivering dialysate; and a connecting passage for connecting the dialysate circuit and the blood circuit.

[0014] The aforementioned dialysis device is equipped with a blood pump, which includes: a housing housing a flexible tube constituting the blood circuit; and a rotor that rotates inside the housing while simultaneously compressing and rotating the tube.

[0015] During the initiation and filling process, dialysate is allowed to flow from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit via the aforementioned connection passage. The initiation and filling method for the aforementioned dialysis device is characterized by the following:

[0016] In the above-mentioned start-up and filling operation, the above-mentioned tube is detached from the outer shell and set to an uninstalled state that allows liquid to flow inside. The above-mentioned liquid pump causes the dialysate to flow from the dialysate circuit into the blood circuit through the above-mentioned connection passage, so that the dialysate flows past the above-mentioned blood pump.

[0017] According to the invention described above, dialysate is delivered from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit via a delivery pump located in the dialysate circuit. Therefore, compared to using a blood pump, the delivery volume can be increased, allowing the dialysate to flow rapidly into the blood circuit and effectively removing air bubbles.

[0018] In addition, although the blood pump is not used to deliver fluid, the blood pump is switched from an uninstalled state to an installed state. The state that allows dialysate to flow into the tube is switched to a state that blocks the flow of dialysate by pressing the tube with the rotor. This allows the flow direction of dialysate in the blood circuit to be controlled, so that the dialysate fills the entire blood circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the dialysis apparatus according to the first embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the dialysis apparatus according to the first embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of a blood pump.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a 3D diagram of a blood pump.

[0023] Figure 5 It's a diagram illustrating the operation of a blood pump.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the first step in the first embodiment.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the second step in the first embodiment.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram illustrating step 3 in the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram illustrating step 4 in the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the first step in the second embodiment.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the second step in the second embodiment.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the third step in the second embodiment.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram illustrating step 4 in the second embodiment.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a circuit diagram illustrating step 5 in the second embodiment.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the first step in the third embodiment.

[0034] Figure 16 This is a circuit diagram illustrating step 2 in the third embodiment.

[0035] Figure 17 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the third step in the third embodiment.

[0036] Figure 18 This is a circuit diagram illustrating step 4 in the third embodiment.

[0037] Figure 19 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the fourth embodiment.

[0038] (Symbol Explanation)

[0039] 1: Dialysis apparatus; 2: Dialyzer; 3: Blood circuit; 4: Dialysate circuit; 8: Blood pump; 21: Arterial access; 22: Venous access; 23: Return blood access (connection access); 26: First starting and filling tubing; 31: Housing; 32: Rotor; 33: Tube; 41: Fluid replenishment access (connection access); 46: Second starting and filling tubing; 54: Dialysate supply access; 55: Dialysate recovery access; 58: Supply pump; 65: Dialysate pump; P1~P3: First~Third connection ports. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In the following description of the illustrated embodiments, Figure 1 This figure shows a front view of the dialysis apparatus 1 involved in this embodiment. Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the dialysis device 1 is shown.

[0041] The aforementioned dialysis apparatus 1 includes: a dialyzer 2 for performing hemodialysis; a blood circuit 3 for allowing blood to flow into the dialyzer 2; and a dialysate circuit 4 for allowing dialysate to flow into the dialyzer 2. The dialysis apparatus 1 is controlled by a control unit (not shown).

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, most of the blood circuit 3 is positioned to be exposed at the front of the body portion 5 constituting the dialysis apparatus 1, while most of the dialysate circuit 4 is housed inside the dialysis apparatus 1.

[0043] In addition, a touch panel 6 is provided on the upper part of the main body 5 for displaying the patient's status and performing necessary operations, and a dialyzer holder 7 is provided on the side for holding the dialyzer 2.

[0044] Furthermore, the blood pump 8, sedimentation tank 9, and syringe 10 for injecting medicine, which constitute the blood circuit 3, are held on the front side of the aforementioned main body 5. The main body 5 is provided with: first to third connection ports P1 to P3, which are provided at the end of the dialysate circuit 4; and first and second sensor ports P4 and P5, which are used to connect the sensors provided in the blood circuit 3 of the main body 5 to the blood circuit 3.

[0045] and, Figure 1 , Figure 2 The diagram shows the state of the dialysis device 1 during the start-up and filling process. This start-up and filling process refers to the process of connecting the dialyzer 2 and the blood circuit 3 to the dialysis device 1 before performing dialysis treatment, so that the dialyzer 2 and the blood circuit 3 are filled with dialysate.

[0046] Furthermore, in the following description of the dialysis apparatus 1, the structure related to the above-mentioned start-up and injection operation will be explained, while the illustrations and descriptions of structures that are not directly related will be omitted.

[0047] The dialyzer 2 described above has a cylindrical part 11 made of resin and a plurality of hollow lines 12 disposed inside the cylindrical part 11. The inside of the hollow lines 12 forms a blood chamber 2a for blood flow, and the outside of the hollow lines 12 forms a dialysate chamber 2b for dialysate flow.

[0048] Caps 13 are provided at both ends of the cylindrical part 11. The blood circuit 3 is connected to the center of the cap 13 and communicates with the blood chamber 2a. The dialysate circuit 4 is connected to the side of the cap 13 and communicates with the dialysate chamber 2b.

[0049] Moreover, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dialyzer 2 is held in the dialyzer holder 7 such that the cap 13 is positioned vertically. During dialysis treatment, blood flows from the top to the bottom in the blood chamber 2a (as shown in the figure). Figure 2 (From left to right in the diagram), the dialysate flows from bottom to top in dialysate chamber 2b (in the diagram). Figure 2 (From right to left in the diagram).

[0050] The aforementioned blood circuit 3 includes: an arterial side access 21 for transferring blood from the patient's artery to the blood chamber 2a of the dialyzer 2; and a venous side access 22 for returning blood from the blood chamber 2a to the patient's vein. Figure 1 In the dialyzer 2, the arterial access 21 is connected to the upper part of the dialyzer 2, and the venous access 22 is connected to the lower part of the dialyzer 2.

[0051] exist Figure 2In the above-mentioned arterial side passage 21, a connector 21a is provided at the end for installing a puncture needle during treatment. From the position adjacent to the connector 21a, the following are arranged in sequence: an arterial side clamp V1, which is controlled by a control unit; a blood return passage 23A, which serves as a connection passage and is used to return blood from the blood circuit 3 to the patient after dialysis treatment; a pressure measurement passage 24, which is connected to an arterial side pressure sensor S1 provided in the main body 5; and a drug supply passage 25, which is connected to the above-mentioned syringe 10.

[0052] Furthermore, the blood pump 8 is provided between the aforementioned drug supply passage 25 in the arterial side passage 21 and the dialyzer 2.

[0053] The connector 21a of the aforementioned arterial side access 21 is connected to the puncture needle during dialysis treatment, allowing puncture into the patient's artery. On the other hand, in Figure 1 , Figure 2 In the starting refueling shown, one end is connected to the first starting refueling pipe 26.

[0054] The aforementioned arterial side clamp V1 is housed within a housing 5a located on the front side of the main body 5, and the connector 21a of the arterial side passage 21 is located on the lower side of the housing 5a as shown in the figure.

[0055] The aforementioned blood return path 23A constitutes part of the connection path of the present invention, and is connected to the first connection port P1 located at the end of the blood return path 23B that constitutes the dialysate circuit 4, as described below, to form the blood return path 23.

[0056] The first connection port P1 is located on the front of the main body 5, and the second and third connection ports P2 and P3, described later, also have the same structure as the first connection port P1. The structure described in Japanese Patent No. 5920575 can be used as such a connection port P.

[0057] This structure is known in the past, so detailed description is omitted. The first connection port P1 includes: a connector 27, which is disposed at the end of the blood return passage 23B that constitutes the dialysate circuit 4; and a cover member 28, which is rotatably disposed on the front of the body part 5.

[0058] The connector 27 is provided to be exposed on the surface of the main body 5. By rotating the cover member 28, the connector 27 can be exposed to the outside or covered in a way that does not expose it to the outside.

[0059] On the other hand, a connector is also provided at the end of the blood return passage 23A on the blood circuit 3 side. During dialysis treatment, the connector 27 of the blood return passage 23B is exposed by rotating the cover member 28 of the first connection port P1, and the connector of the blood return passage 23A is connected to make the blood return passage 23A and the blood return passage 23B connected.

[0060] exist Figure 1 In the middle, the arterial side pressure sensor S1 has a first sensor port P4 on the front of the main body 5, and the end of the pressure measurement passage 24 is connected to the first sensor port P4.

[0061] At the end of the aforementioned drug supply passage 25, a syringe 10 containing a drug is connected, the syringe 10 as follows: Figure 1 It is held on the front of the main body 5 as shown, and the drug is supplied from the syringe 10 to the blood circuit 3 during dialysis treatment.

[0062] As the aforementioned blood pump 8, it can be used Figures 3-5 The structure shown is, for example, described in Japanese Patent No. 5397747. Figure 3 This is a front view of the Blood Pump 8. Figure 4 This is a 3D image of Blood Pump 8. Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the operating state of blood pump 8.

[0063] As is known from the prior art, specific details are omitted. The blood pump 8 described above is referred to as a tubular pump, which includes: a housing 31, which is arranged vertically on the front of the main body 5; and a rotor 32, which rotates inside the main body 5.

[0064] The blood pump 8 causes the tube 33 constituting the arterial side passage 21 to be deformed into a horseshoe shape (approximately U-shaped) and housed between the outer casing 31 and the rotor 32 for use.

[0065] A roller 32a is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 32. The roller 32a presses the tube 33 between itself and the inner wall of the outer casing 31. When the rotor 32 rotates, the roller 32a moves while pressing the tube 33, pushing out the liquid in the tube 33, thereby delivering the liquid.

[0066] Furthermore, the blood pump 8 of this embodiment includes a tube mounting unit that automatically inserts the tube 33 into the space between the housing 31 and the rotor 32.

[0067] Here, in the tube 33 described above, a tube with a larger diameter than the other parts constituting the arterial side passage 21 is used, and both ends are held by a resin retainer 34 in a horseshoe-shaped deformed state.

[0068] At both ends of the tube 33 held by the retainer 34, other parts of the arterial side passage 21 are connected respectively. On the housing 31, a holding part 31a for holding the retainer 34 is provided at a position adjacent to the part that houses the rotor 32 and the tube 33.

[0069] Specifically, rod-shaped protrusions 34a are formed on the top and bottom of the retainer 34, and engaging grooves 31b for engaging the rod-shaped protrusions 34a are formed in the retaining portion 31a.

[0070] With this structure, when a medical professional installs the blood circuit 3 onto the blood pump 8, the rod-shaped protrusion 34a of the retainer 34 can engage with the engaging groove 31b formed in the retaining portion 31a of the outer casing 31.

[0071] At this time, the medical practitioner does not need to insert the tube 33 between the housing 31 and the rotor 32. During the start-up and filling operation described later, the tube installation unit is automatically installed.

[0072] The tube mounting unit has a guide pin 35 located adjacent to the roller 32a of the rotor 32. The guide pin 35, as the rotor 32 rotates, inserts the tube 33 between the housing 31 and the rotor 32.

[0073] The following is in use Figure 5 When explaining the operation of the above-mentioned pipe installation unit, firstly Figure 5 (a) shows an uninstalled state in which the tube 33 is installed to the blood pump 8 by means of the aforementioned retainer 34 but is not housed in the housing 31.

[0074] In this uninstalled state, the tube 33 is positioned in front of the outer casing 31 and the rotor 32, so the tube 33 is not compressed by the outer casing 31 and the rotor 32, allowing liquid to flow within the tube 33.

[0075] When the rotor 32 is rotated from the uninstalled state of the tube 33, as Figure 5 As shown in (b), the guide pin 35 engages with the portion of the tube 33 adjacent to the retainer 34, and then, as the rotor 32 rotates further, the guide pin 35 inserts the tube 33 between the housing 31 and the rotor 32.

[0076] Then, as rotor 32 rotates further, as Figure 5 As shown in (c), the entire tube 33 is inserted between the housing 31 and the rotor 32, resulting in the installation state in which the tube 33 is housed in the housing 31.

[0077] In this installed state, the tube 33 is housed between the outer casing 31 and the rotor 32, and is partially compressed by the rotor 32, thus preventing the flow of liquid in the tube 33.

[0078] Thus, by making the aforementioned blood pump 8 into Figure 5 In the uninstalled state shown in (a), liquid can flow into the tube 33 and can flow past the blood pump 8.

[0079] On the other hand, by making the blood pump 8 Figure 5 The installation state shown in (c) can prevent the flow of liquid in the above-mentioned tube 33, and prevent the liquid from flowing past the blood pump 8.

[0080] In other words, by changing the blood pump 8 from an uninstalled state to an installed state, the blood pump 8 can be used like an on / off valve.

[0081] Furthermore, as an example of the blood pump 8 described above, it is not limited to the structure described above. It may also include a rotor 32 having three or more rollers 32a, and the tube 33 being housed in the housing 31 in a manner where the corners are bent at approximately 90° instead of being in a roughly horseshoe shape.

[0082] Next, the aforementioned venous access 22 is in Figure 1 The middle part is connected to the lower end of the dialyzer 2, and a connector 22a is provided at the end for installing the puncture needle during dialysis treatment.

[0083] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the venous access 22, the following are arranged sequentially from the dialyzer 2 side: a fluid replenishment access 41A for fluid replenishment during dialysis treatment; the aforementioned sedimentation tank 9 for removing air from the circulating blood; and a venous clamp V2 controlled by a control unit.

[0084] The connector 22a of the aforementioned venous side access 22 is in Figure 1 The housing 5a of the main body 5 is located further down in the figure and is connected to the first starting and filling pipe 26 during starting and filling, and is connected to the arterial side passage 21.

[0085] In addition, the aforementioned vein-side clamp V2 is in Figure 1 The arterial side clamp V1 and the venous side clamp V2 of the arterial side passage 21 are housed in the same housing 5a.

[0086] A connector is provided at the end of the above-mentioned fluid replenishment passage 41A, which is connected to the second connection port P2 provided at the end of the fluid replenishment passage 41B that constitutes the dialysate circuit 4 during dialysis treatment, thus forming the fluid replenishment passage 41 as the connection passage of the present invention.

[0087] The above sedimentation tank 9 Figure 1 The device includes: a cylindrical container 42 held on the front of the body 5 of the dialysis apparatus 1; and a cap 43 mounted on top of the container 42. Furthermore, the dialyzer 2-side passage of the venous access 22 is connected to the upper side of the container 42, and the connector 22a-side passage is connected to the lower end of the container 42.

[0088] The cap 43 of the sedimentation tank 9 is connected to the vein-side pressure sensor S2 via the pressure measuring passage 44, and is also connected to the overflow passage 45 for discharging liquid from the container 42.

[0089] The aforementioned venous pressure sensor S2 has a second sensor port P5 on the front of the main body 5, which is connected to the aforementioned pressure measurement passage 44 during dialysis treatment.

[0090] In addition, the pressure measurement passage 44 is connected to the liquid level adjustment passage 47. The liquid level adjustment passage 47 is equipped with a 24th opening and closing valve V24 controlled by the control unit and an air filter 48. The 24th opening and closing valve V24 is activated by the medical practitioner operating the touch panel 6, and the liquid level in the container 42 can be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0091] When starting the filling operation, a second starting filling pipe 46 is connected to the end of the overflow passage 45. The second starting filling pipe 46 is connected to the third connection port P3 of the starting filling passage 63 that constitutes the dialysate circuit 4.

[0092] Furthermore, after the start-up and refueling operation is completed, the second start-up and refueling pipe 46 is removed from the overflow passage 45 and the third connection port P3.

[0093] A manual clamp V3 is provided in the overflow passage 45. When the second start-up filling pipe 46 is removed, the medical practitioner operates the clamp V3 to pre-lock the overflow passage 45.

[0094] Next, in describing the dialysate circuit 4, the dialysate circuit 4 includes: first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, with supply chambers 51a and 52a and recovery chambers 51b and 52b formed inside by diaphragms; a supply passage 53 for supplying clean water to the supply chambers 51a and 52a; a dialysate supply passage 54 for supplying dialysate from the supply chambers 51a and 52a to the dialyzer 2; a dialysate recovery passage 55 for recovering used dialysate from the dialyzer 2 to the recovery chambers 51b and 52b; and a drain passage 56 for discharging used dialysate from the recovery chambers 51b and 52b.

[0095] Clean water and the original solution of dialysate alternately flow into the supply chambers 51a and 52a of the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52 through the above-mentioned liquid supply passage 53, and the dialysate is prepared inside the supply chambers 51a and 52a.

[0096] Furthermore, as clean water and raw solution flow into the supply chambers 51a and 52a, the diaphragm deforms, and the used dialysate is discharged from the recovery chambers 51b and 52b into the drain passage 56 in the same amount as the incoming liquid.

[0097] On the other hand, the used dialysate from the dialysate recovery passage 55 flows alternately into the recovery chambers 51b and 52b of the dialyzer 2, thereby deforming the diaphragm and supplying the dialysate from the supply chambers 51a and 52a to the dialyzer 2 from the dialysate supply passage 54 in the dialysate supply passage 54 with the same amount of new dialysate as the incoming liquid.

[0098] The upstream end of the aforementioned liquid supply passage 53 is connected to a water source (not shown) that supplies clean water. From the upstream side of the water source, a fourth on / off valve V4 controlled by a control unit, a first bypass passage 57 connected to the aforementioned drain passage 56, a liquid supply pump 58 serving as a liquid delivery pump for supplying the clean water, a dialysate stock solution supply unit 59 supplying dialysate stock solution to the liquid supply passage 53, and a pressure sensor S3 for measuring pressure are sequentially provided. Downstream of the pressure sensor S3, the liquid supply passage 53 branches toward the aforementioned first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, and liquid supply valves V5 and V6 controlled by a control unit are respectively provided in the branch passages.

[0099] The other end of the first bypass passage 57 is connected to the aforementioned drain passage 56, and a seventh on / off valve V7 controlled by a control unit is provided along the passage. Furthermore, upstream of the seventh on / off valve V7, between the dialysate recovery passage 55, a second bypass passage 60 is provided, and an eighth on / off valve controlled by a control unit is provided in the second bypass passage 60.

[0100] The dialysate supply unit 59 supplies predetermined amounts of raw materials A and B to the supply chambers 51a and 52a of the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, respectively, via the supply passage 53.

[0101] The upstream portion of the aforementioned dialysate supply passage 54 branches in two directions and connects to the supply chambers 51a and 52a of the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, respectively. The downstream end connects to... Figure 1 The lower end of the dialyzer 2 is connected to and communicates with the dialysate chamber 2b.

[0102] Furthermore, supply valves V9 and V10 are respectively installed in the aforementioned branch sections of the dialysate supply passage 54. Further downstream from this branch section, from the upstream side, the following are sequentially installed: a filter F to adsorb endotoxins and other substances in the dialysate; a sensor S4 to measure the concentration and temperature of the dialysate; the aforementioned fluid replenishment passage 41B for fluid replenishment during treatment; the aforementioned blood return passage 23B for blood return after treatment; a flow meter 61 to measure the flow rate of the dialysate; a third bypass passage 62 connected to the aforementioned dialysate recovery passage 55; and an eleventh on / off valve V11 controlled by a control unit.

[0103] The aforementioned replenishment passage 41B is configured to branch off from the dialysate supply passage 54 at a location downstream of the aforementioned sensor S4, and an abutment is provided at its end... Figure 1 The second connection port P2, located on the front of the main body 5, is connected to the fluid replenishment passage 41A of the blood circuit 3 as described above.

[0104] In addition, the first and second flow adjustment valves MV1 and MV2 are respectively installed in the branch position of the dialysate supply passage 54, which is located further downstream, and the connection position of the replenishment passage 41, which is located further downstream.

[0105] Furthermore, in the aforementioned replenishment passage 41, a 12th opening / closing valve V12, controlled by a control unit, is provided between the aforementioned 2nd flow adjustment valve MV2 and the 2nd connection port P2.

[0106] Furthermore, during dialysis treatment, a fluid replenishment passage 41 is formed by connecting the fluid replenishment passage 41B of the dialysate circuit 4 and the fluid replenishment passage 41A of the blood circuit 3 via the second connection port P2. By opening the second on / off valve V12 and adjusting the flow rate using the first and second flow adjustment valves MV1 and MV2, the dialysate flows from the fluid replenishment passage 41 into the blood circuit 3 to replenish fluid for the patient.

[0107] The aforementioned blood return pathway 23B is branched from the dialysate supply pathway 54 between the aforementioned fluid replenishment pathway 41B and the flow meter 61, and is provided at its end with a... Figure 1 The first connection port P1, located on the front of the main body 5, is connected to the blood return passage 23 of the blood circuit 3 as described above. Furthermore, a 13th opening / closing valve V13, controlled by a control unit, is provided in the blood return passage 23.

[0108] Thus, the blood return path 23B of the dialysate circuit 4 and the blood return path 23A of the blood circuit 3 are connected via the first connection port P1, forming the blood return path 23 as a connection path.

[0109] When performing a blood return procedure after dialysis treatment to return blood from blood circuit 3 to the patient, the aforementioned 13th on / off valve V13 is opened, allowing blood to flow from dialysate supply passage 54 into blood circuit 3 via blood return passage 23, thus pushing the blood in blood circuit 3 back to the patient.

[0110] The third bypass passage 62 is branched from the flow meter 61 and the 11th on / off valve V11 and connected to the dialysate recovery passage 55. It is provided with: a 14th on / off valve V14, which is controlled by a control unit; and a start-up filling passage 63, which is used to allow dialysate from the sedimentation tank 9 of the blood circuit 3 to flow during the start-up filling operation.

[0111] At the end of the aforementioned starting and filling passage 63, a [feature / equipment] is provided. Figure 1 The aforementioned third connection port P3 is provided on the front of the main body 5, and a 25th opening / closing valve V25 controlled by the control unit is provided in the starting and filling passage 63.

[0112] Furthermore, at the aforementioned third connection port P3, between the aforementioned overflow passage 45 that is connected to the sedimentation tank 9 of the blood circuit 3 as described above, the aforementioned second start-up filling pipe 46 is connected.

[0113] The third connection port P3 of the aforementioned starting and filling passage 63 is not used during dialysis treatment, and the aforementioned connector 27 is locked by the aforementioned cover component 28.

[0114] In addition, when starting the injection operation, the second starting injection pipe 46 is connected between the overflow passage 45 of the sedimentation tank 9 and the third connection port P3, thereby locking the 14th on / off valve V14 of the third bypass passage 62, so that the dialysate flowing into the sedimentation tank 9 is discharged to the dialysate recovery passage 55 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0115] The upstream end of the dialysate recovery passage 55 is connected to the dialyzer 2. Figure 1 Connected to the upper side of the diagram, the dialyzer 2 includes, in sequence from the following: a 15th on / off valve V15, controlled by a control unit; a sensor S5, measuring pressure, concentration, and temperature; a degassing tank 64, removing air bubbles from the dialysate; the aforementioned second bypass passage 60, connected to the aforementioned first bypass passage 57; a dialysate pump 65, delivering dialysate; a dehydration passage 66, used for dehydration during treatment; and a pressure sensor S6, measuring pressure.

[0116] In addition, the dialysate recovery passage 55 branches in two directions downstream of the pressure sensor S6 and connects to the recovery chambers 51b and 52b of the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, respectively. Recovery valves V16 and V17 are provided in the branch portions.

[0117] In the aforementioned degassing tank 64, an exhaust passage 67 is provided between it and the aforementioned drain passage 56. An 18th on / off valve V18, controlled by a control unit, is installed in the exhaust passage 67. The aforementioned degassing tank 64 is conventionally known to separate the gas contained in the used dialysate during dialysis treatment and discharge it from the drain passage 56 via the exhaust passage 67.

[0118] The second bypass passage 60 is connected between the degassing tank 64 and the dialysate pump 65, and its other end is connected to the upstream side of the seventh on / off valve V7 in the first bypass passage 57, as described above. Furthermore, it is used to replenish clean water to the dialysate recovery passage 55 during the start-up of the dialysate filling operation.

[0119] The aforementioned water removal passage 66 is connected to the downstream side of the dialysate pump 65, and a water removal pump 68 is installed in the water removal passage 66.

[0120] By activating the aforementioned dewatering pump 68 during dialysis treatment, a differential pressure is generated between the dialysate chamber 2b and the blood chamber 2a in the dialyzer 2, thereby removing water from the blood.

[0121] Here, in the above-mentioned supply pump 58 and dialysate pump 65, which are the liquid delivery pumps of the present invention, a so-called magnetic gear pump is used, as previously known, for example, as described in Japanese Patent No. 5999333.

[0122] The magnetic gear pump has the following characteristics: it delivers a higher volume of fluid than the blood pump 8, which is installed in the blood circuit 3, but it cannot deliver fluid further when the pressure in the passage reaches a certain level.

[0123] That is, in a magnetic gear pump, liquid is delivered by two meshing gears, but when the passage on the downstream side of the pump reaches a predetermined pressure, the gears spin freely and cannot deliver liquid, so that the downstream side does not exceed the predetermined pressure.

[0124] In other words, when using a magnetic gear pump, even if the passage on the downstream side of the pump is blocked, the passage can be raised to a predetermined pressure without causing damage.

[0125] In contrast, the tubular pump used in the blood pump 8 delivers liquid by pressing the tube 33 with the rotor 32 as described above, so that the part pressed by the rotor 32 is completely locked.

[0126] Therefore, when the passage constituting the downstream side of the blood pump 8 reaches a predetermined pressure, and the operation of the blood pump 8 continues, the liquid in the pump cannot be discharged, and the pressure in the passage rises excessively, causing problems such as passage rupture or detachment.

[0127] In addition, as the delivery pump installed in the dialysate circuit 4, in addition to the aforementioned magnetic gear pump, a centrifugal pump or a piston pump can also be used.

[0128] The upstream portion of the aforementioned drain passage 56 branches in two directions and connects to the recovery chambers 51b and 52b of the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, respectively. Drain valves V19 and V20 are provided in the branch portions.

[0129] In addition, in the drainage passage 56, from the branch portion toward the downstream side, there are: the water removal passage 66, which is connected to the dialysate recovery passage 55; the venting passage 67, which is connected to the dialysate recovery passage 55; the 21st on / off valve V21, which is controlled by the control unit; and the first bypass passage 57, which is connected to the liquid supply passage 53.

[0130] The operation of the dialysis apparatus 1 with the above structure will be explained. The dialysate delivery operation in the dialysate circuit 4 will be explained first.

[0131] First, the liquid supply pump 58 installed in the liquid supply passage 53 is activated to allow clean water to flow into the liquid supply passage 53, and the dialysate stock solution supply unit 59 supplies dialysate stock solution to the liquid supply passage 53.

[0132] For example, when the supply valve V5, which is adjacent to the supply chamber 51a of the first dialysate chamber 51, is opened and the supply valve V9 is closed, clean water and raw solution flow into the supply chamber 51a of the first dialysate chamber 51, and mix inside the supply chamber 51a to prepare fresh dialysate.

[0133] At this time, when the drain valve V19 adjacent to the recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51 is opened and the recovery valve V16 is closed, clean water and raw fluid flow into the supply chamber 51a, the diaphragm deforms and the volume of the recovery chamber 51b decreases, and the used dialysate contained in the recovery chamber 51b is discharged into the drain passage 56.

[0134] On the other hand, in the second dialysate chamber 52, the supply valve V6 of the supply chamber 52a is locked and the supply valve V10 is opened, thereby opening the recovery valve V17 of the recovery chamber 52b and locking the drain valve V20.

[0135] Therefore, the used dialysate after passing through the dialyzer 2 is supplied to the recovery chamber 52b by the dialysate recovery passage 55 dialysate pump 65. In conjunction with this, the volume of the supply chamber 52a is reduced, thereby supplying the fresh dialysate contained in the supply chamber 52a to the dialyzer 2 via the dialysate supply passage 54.

[0136] Subsequently, by alternately opening and closing the supply valves V5 and V6, supply valves V9 and V10, recovery valves V16 and V17, and drain valves V19 and V20 of the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52, the dialysate can be circulated in the dialysate circuit 4 while being adjusted, and the dialysate after passing through the dialyzer 2 can be recovered and discharged.

[0137] During dialysis treatment, as described above, dialysate is circulated to dialysate circuit 4, and when the dehydration pump 68 of the dehydration passage 66 is activated at the required time, the used dialysate in the dialysate recovery passage 55 is discharged to the drainage passage 56 via the dehydration passage 66, thereby generating a differential pressure inside the dialyzer 2, which enables the removal of water from the blood.

[0138] Furthermore, by controlling the first flow regulating valve MV1 provided in the dialysate supply passage 54 and the second flow regulating valve MV2 provided in the rehydration passage 41 at the required timing during dialysis treatment, dialysate from the dialysate supply passage 54 can be supplied to the blood circuit 3 from the rehydration passage 41, thus enabling rehydration.

[0139] Furthermore, after dialysis treatment, by allowing the dialysate to flow into the blood circuit 3 via the aforementioned return blood pathway 23, and by causing the blood pump 8 installed in the blood circuit 3 to operate in either forward or reverse direction, the blood remaining in the blood circuit 3 can be returned to the patient.

[0140] Furthermore, the process of blood return during and after dialysis is well known, so further detailed explanations are omitted.

[0141] The following describes the start-up and injection method of the dialysis device 1 in the first embodiment.

[0142] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the process of filling the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2 with dialysate as the first step in the start-up and filling operation, thus forming a process in the dialysis apparatus 1 as follows: Figure 1 The diagram shows the state in which the dialyzer 2 and blood circuit 3 are installed, and the dialysate circuit 4 is pre-filled with dialysate.

[0143] At this time, the blood return path 23A of the blood circuit 3 and the blood return path 23B of the dialysate circuit 4 are connected via the first connection port P1, and the fluid replenishment path 41A of the blood circuit 3 and the fluid replenishment path 41B of the dialysate circuit 4 are connected via the second connection port P2, forming the blood return path 23 and the fluid replenishment path 41 as connection paths respectively.

[0144] In addition, in the blood circuit 3 described above, the arterial side passage 21 and the venous side passage 22 are connected by the first starting and filling pipe 26, and a second starting and filling pipe 46 is connected between the overflow passage 45 of the sedimentation tank 9 of the venous side passage 22 and the third connection port P3 of the starting and filling passage 63 in the dialysate circuit 4.

[0145] In addition, the arterial side passage 21 and the pressure measuring passages 24 and 44 provided in the sedimentation tank 9 are also connected to the sensor ports P4 and P5 of the arterial side pressure sensor S1 and the venous side pressure sensor S2 provided on the front of the main body 5, respectively.

[0146] Moreover, in the aforementioned blood pump 8, it becomes as follows Figure 5 As shown in (a), only the retainer 34 holding the tube 33 is installed in the uninstalled state of the retaining part 31a of the housing 31, and the tube 33 is not inserted between the housing 31 and the rotor 32.

[0147] From this state, the medical practitioner operates the touch panel 6 to indicate the start of the dialysate filling operation. Here, in the dialysate circuit 4 described above, the dialysate is circulated using the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52 as described above. However, in the following description, the state in which the supply valve V9 of the supply chamber 51a of the first dialysate chamber 51 and the recovery valve V16 of the recovery chamber 51b are open will be described.

[0148] In addition, Figure 6 In the following figures, the parts where the dialysate flows are indicated by thick lines, and all the closed valves are marked in black. However, the flow of dialysate in dialysate circuit 4 and the flow of dialysate associated with the above-mentioned normal operation are omitted by thick lines. Instead, the flow of liquid generated during the start-up and filling operation is indicated by thick lines.

[0149] In the first step, the dialysate circuit 4 is already filled with dialysate. So when the dialysate pump 65 causes the dialysate in the dialysate recovery passage 55 to flow into the recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51, the diaphragm in the first dialysate chamber 51 deforms and discharges the dialysate from the supply chamber 51a.

[0150] In addition, the first flow regulating valve MV1 of the dialysate supply passage 54 is fully open, and the second flow regulating valve MV2 of the replenishment passage 41 is closed, so that all the dialysate discharged flows in the dialysate supply passage 54 and into the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2.

[0151] Then, the dialysate after passing through dialyzer 2 flows through dialysate recovery passage 55 and into recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51, causing the diaphragm to deform and discharge dialysate from the aforementioned supply chamber 51a.

[0152] Here, at the start of the infusion operation, the blood chamber 2a and dialysate chamber 2b in dialyzer 2 are empty. When dialysate is circulated from the dialysate supply passage 54 to dialyzer 2 in the first step, the dialysate chamber 2b of dialyzer 2 is filled with dialysate.

[0153] Therefore, the amount of dialysate discharged from the supply chamber 51a is reduced because it fills the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2. Even if the dialysate flows into the recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51, it is impossible to discharge all the dialysate contained in the supply chamber 51a.

[0154] Therefore, in the first step, the seventh on / off valve V7 of the first bypass passage 57 is closed, and the eighth on / off valve V8 of the second bypass passage 60 is opened, so that a portion of the clean water in the supply passage 53 flows through the first bypass passage 57 and the second bypass passage 60 and into the dialysate recovery passage 55.

[0155] Thus, the clean water supplied from the second bypass passage 60 to the dialysate recovery passage 55 is delivered by the dialysate pump 65 operating at a predetermined flow rate and flows into the recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51.

[0156] As a result, the insufficient amount of dialysate flowing into the recovery chamber 51b is replenished, and the full amount of dialysate can be discharged from the supply chamber 51a into the dialysate supply passage 54.

[0157] In addition, a quantity of dialysis fluid corresponding to the amount of clean water supplied from the second bypass passage 60 flows from the degassing tank 64 into the exhaust passage 67, and then is discharged from the drain passage 56.

[0158] Furthermore, the first step described above ends at the point when the control unit detects that the dialysate pump 65 is operating at a predetermined flow rate for a predetermined time or delivering a predetermined amount of dialysate.

[0159] Furthermore, in each of the following steps 2 to 4, the process ends at the point when the control unit detects that the dialysate pump 65 is operating at a predetermined flow rate for a predetermined time or delivering a predetermined amount of dialysate.

[0160] exist Figure 7 In the second step shown, the process of filling the blood chamber 2a of the dialyzer 2 with dialysate, the aforementioned return blood passage 23, and a portion of the arterial side passage 21 and venous side passage 22 in the blood circuit 3 is performed. Furthermore, in Figure 7 In the following diagram, the portions that were already filled with dialysate in previous steps are shown in shaded areas.

[0161] Here, similar to step 1 above, clean water is supplied from the supply passage 53 to the dialysate recovery passage 55 via the first and second bypass passages 57 and 60, and then pumped through the dialysate pump 65 at a predetermined flow rate.

[0162] Then, in step 2, in dialysate circuit 4, the 11th on / off valve V11 of dialysate supply passage 54 adjacent to dialyzer 2 and the 15th on / off valve V15 of dialysate recovery passage 55 are locked, and the 25th on / off valve V25 of the aforementioned start-up and filling passage 63 is opened.

[0163] In addition, in the blood circuit 3, the arterial clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are locked, and the manual clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 provided in the sedimentation tank 9 is opened.

[0164] Furthermore, in the blood return passage 23, which is a connection passage consisting of the blood return passage 23A of the blood circuit 3 connected via the first connection port P1 and the blood return passage 23B of the dialysate circuit 4, the 13th on / off valve V13 is opened.

[0165] Thus, the dialysate discharged from the supply chamber 51a of the first dialysate chamber 51 of the dialysate circuit 4 flows from the dialysate supply passage 54 through the blood return passage 23 into the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3.

[0166] At this time, the blood pump 8 is in the uninstalled state of the aforementioned tube 33, so the dialysate can flow in the aforementioned tube 33. Therefore, it flows from the location connected to the aforementioned return blood passage 23, across the blood pump 8, toward the dialyzer 2, and into the blood chamber 2a of the dialyzer 2.

[0167] Then, the dialysate after passing through dialyzer 2 flows into the sedimentation tank 9 through the venous side passage 22. The clamp V3 is opened, so it flows through the overflow passage 45 and the second start-up filling pipe 46, and flows into the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0168] In this case, the 14th on / off valve V14 of the third bypass passage 62 is locked, so the dialysate flows into the dialysate recovery passage 55, and the excess dialysate is discharged from the drain passage 56 through the degassing tank 64 and the exhaust passage 67.

[0169] Here, when starting the dialysate flow into the blood circuit 3, the removal of air bubbles in the dialyzer 2 becomes a problem.

[0170] Previously, a predetermined time was allowed to circulate the dialysate in order to remove air bubbles, but in this case, the time required to start the filling operation became longer, which was inefficient.

[0171] Therefore, in the dialysis apparatus 1 of this embodiment, bubbles are removed by generating a so-called water hammer phenomenon in the passage and utilizing the impact caused by water pressure.

[0172] Specifically, in step 2 and step 3 described below, when the dialysate is delivered to the blood circuit 3 via the blood return passage 23, the 13th on / off valve V13 provided in the blood return passage 23 is opened and closed at predetermined intervals.

[0173] When the 13th on / off valve V13 is closed, the internal pressure of the passage upstream of the 13th on / off valve V13, including the blood return passage 23, rises. When the 13th on / off valve V13 is opened in this state, the rising pressure is released all at once, generating a so-called water hammer phenomenon. This can remove air bubbles that are easy to form in the hollow line 12 constituting the dialyzer 2, especially in the cap 13 of the dialyzer 2, through shock waves.

[0174] Here, regarding the internal pressure of the passage upstream of the 13th on / off valve V13 in the aforementioned blood return passage 23, the dialysate is supplied to the recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51 by the dialysate pump 65 provided in the dialysate recovery passage 55, and the dialysate is pushed out from the aforementioned supply chamber 51a, thereby rising.

[0175] That is, the internal pressure of the blood return pathway 23 rises through the magnetic gear pump that constitutes the dialysate pump 65, but as described above, the magnetic gear pump is structurally unable to deliver fluid at a pressure higher than the predetermined pressure.

[0176] Therefore, even if the 13th on / off valve V13 is locked to generate water hammer, the internal pressure of the passages upstream of the 13th on / off valve V13, including the blood return passage 23, will not become excessively high, preventing these passages from rupturing or falling off.

[0177] exist Figure 8 In step 3 shown, a process is performed to fill the remaining portions of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous side passage 22 with dialysate.

[0178] In step 3, the arterial clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are opened, thereby activating the blood pump 8 of the blood circuit 3. Figure 5 The installation state shown in (c) allows the blood pump 8 to stop as is.

[0179] Thus, similar to step 2, the dialysate flows through the aforementioned return blood passage 23 and into the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3. However, in the aforementioned blood pump 8, the aforementioned tube 33 is compressed by the rotor 32, so the dialysate cannot flow over the blood pump 8 and flows towards the connector 21a of the arterial side passage 21.

[0180] Subsequently, the dialysate flows from the arterial side passage 21 through the first start-up filling pipe 26 into the venous side passage 22, and then flows through the overflow passage 45 and the second start-up filling pipe 46 of the sedimentation tank 9, and flows from the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4 into the dialysate recovery passage 55.

[0181] In this third step, similar to the second step described above, bubble removal utilizing the water hammer phenomenon can be performed by opening and closing the 13th on / off valve V13 of the blood return passage 23 at predetermined intervals.

[0182] In addition, when the blood pump 8 is in the installed state, the tube installation unit of the blood pump 8 may not be used, and the medical practitioner may pull out the handle (not shown) built into the rotor 32 and manually rotate it to achieve the installed state.

[0183] Then, in Figure 9 In step 4 shown, the above-mentioned fluid replenishment pathway 41 is started and filled.

[0184] The control unit locks the first flow regulating valve MV1 in the dialysate circuit 4 and opens the second flow regulating valve MV2 in the replenishment passage 41, thereby opening the 12th on / off valve V12 in the replenishment passage 41.

[0185] Thus, the dialysate flows from the dialysate supply passage 54 into the aforementioned fluid replenishment passage 41, and then into the venous side passage 22 of the aforementioned blood circuit 3.

[0186] Here, the blood pump 8 is in the installed state, and the tube 33 is compressed by the rotor 32, so the dialysate flowing into the venous side passage 22 does not flow toward the dialyzer 2, but flows toward the sedimentation tank 9.

[0187] Subsequently, similar to steps 2 and 3 above, the dialysate flows from the sedimentation tank 9 through the overflow passage 45, the second start-up filling pipe 46, and the start-up filling passage 63, and flows into the dialysate circuit 4.

[0188] Thus, by performing steps 1 to 4 above, the entire blood circuit 3 is filled with dialysate, and the infusion operation is completed.

[0189] Subsequently, the medical practitioner removes the first starting and filling tubing 26 from the arterial side passage 21 and venous side passage 22 of the aforementioned blood circuit 3, and removes the second starting and filling tubing 46 connected to the overflow passage 45 of the sedimentation tank 9.

[0190] Then, the medical practitioner operates the manual clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 connected to the sedimentation tank 9, and disconnects the other end of the second starting and filling pipe 46 from the third connection port P3, thereby locking the cover part 28 of the third connection port P3.

[0191] In addition, before dialysis treatment begins, the medical practitioner operates the aforementioned touch panel 6 to activate the 24th on / off valve V24 of the liquid level adjustment passage 47 connected to the aforementioned pressure measurement passage 44, thereby adjusting the liquid level in the sedimentation tank 9.

[0192] As described above, in the dialysis apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the dialysate used as the starting injection fluid is delivered by the dialysate pump 65, which is installed in the dialysate circuit 4 and serves as the delivery pump.

[0193] Compared to the tubing pump 33 used as the blood pump 8, the dialysate pump 65 has a higher delivery capacity, so it can efficiently deliver dialysate to the blood circuit 3 and perform rapid start-up and filling operations.

[0194] In addition, in steps 2 and 3 above, by opening and closing valve V13, which is located in the blood return passage 23, at predetermined intervals, air bubbles in the blood circuit 3 can be efficiently removed by utilizing the water hammer phenomenon.

[0195] At this time, a magnetic gear pump is used as the dialysate pump 65, so the internal pressure of the aforementioned blood return passage 23 will not become excessively high, thus preventing damage or detachment of the passage that constitutes the dialysate circuit.

[0196] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, even when the dialysate is circulated into the replenishment passage 41 in the fourth step, bubble removal using the water hammer phenomenon can be performed by opening and closing the 12th on / off valve V12.

[0197] Figures 10-14 The start-up and infusion operation of the dialysis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment is shown. Furthermore, regarding the structure of the dialysis apparatus 1 described above, descriptions of parts common to the first embodiment are omitted.

[0198] In the dialysate circuit 4 of the dialysis apparatus 1 in the second embodiment, the dialysate raw material supply unit 59 in the above-mentioned supply passage 53 is provided with a fifth bypass passage 71 that communicates with the dewatering pump 68 provided in the above-mentioned dewatering passage 66, and a second on / off valve V22 that is opened and closed by the control unit is provided in the fifth bypass passage 71.

[0199] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when starting the refueling operation, the first and second starting refueling pipes 26 and 46 in the first embodiment above are replaced by the third and fourth starting refueling pipes 72 and 73.

[0200] The third starting and filling tubing 72 is connected between the connector of the return blood passage 23A of the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3 and the connector 22a of the venous side passage 22. The fourth starting and filling tubing 73 is connected between the connector 21a of the arterial side passage 21 and the third connection port P3 of the starting and filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0201] The following describes the start-up and injection method of the dialysis apparatus 1 in the second embodiment. Figure 10 The first step is shown, which is performed in accordance with the first embodiment. Figure 6 The same action as step 1.

[0202] That is, in the first step, the dialysate is allowed to flow in the dialysate circuit 4, and the clean water in the supply passage 53 flows into the dialysate recovery passage 55 through the first bypass passage 57 and the second bypass passage 60, so that the dialysate fills the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2 and replenishes the dialysate that was reduced when the dialysate chamber 2b was filled.

[0203] Similar to the first embodiment described above, the first step ends at the point when the control unit detects that the dialysate pump 65 is operating at a predetermined flow rate for a predetermined time or delivering a predetermined amount of dialysate.

[0204] Furthermore, in each of the second, third, and fifth steps of the second embodiment below, the step also ends at the time point when the control unit detects that the dialysate pump 65 is operating at a predetermined flow rate for a predetermined time or delivering a predetermined amount of dialysate.

[0205] Figure 11 Step 2 is shown. In step 2, dialysate is passed from the dialysate chamber 2b of the hollow line 12 to the blood chamber 2a inside the dialyzer 2, allowing dialysate to flow into the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3.

[0206] Specifically, the 15th on / off valve V15 of the dialysate recovery passage 55 is locked, and the 25th on / off valve V25 of the starting and filling passage 63 is opened, thereby opening the arterial side clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3. Additionally, the blood pump 8 is in an uninstalled state.

[0207] As a result, the dialysate supplied from the dialysate supply passage 54 flows into the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2, but the 15th on / off valve V15 of the dialysate recovery passage 55 and the venous side clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are locked, so the dialysate flows from the dialysate chamber 2b into the blood chamber 2a through the hollow line 12 by the internal pressure.

[0208] Then, in the blood circuit 3, the blood pump 8 is in a state where the tube 33 is not installed, so the dialysate flows through the arterial side passage 21 and through the tube 33, passing over the blood pump 8.

[0209] Subsequently, the dialysate flows from the arterial side access 21 into the aforementioned fourth start-up filling pipe 73, and then into the start-up filling access 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0210] Figure 12 The third step is shown. In the third step of the second embodiment, the operation of allowing dialysate to flow from the fluid replenishment passage 41 into the blood circuit 3, thereby filling a portion of the venous side passage 22 with dialysate, is performed.

[0211] Specifically, the first flow regulating valve MV1 of the dialysate supply passage 54 is locked, while the second flow regulating valve MV2 and the 12th on / off valve V12 of the replenishment passage 41 are opened.

[0212] In addition, the blood pump 8 in the blood circuit 3 remains in an uninstalled state, thereby opening the arterial side clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and locking the venous side clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22.

[0213] In addition, similar to the first embodiment, the blood pump 8 can be manually operated by a medical professional to change from an uninstalled state to an installed state.

[0214] Thus, the dialysate flowing from the dialysate supply passage 54 into the replenishment passage 41B flows through the replenishment passage 41A on the blood circuit 3 side and into the venous side passage 22. However, since the venous side clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 is locked, the dialysate passes through the blood chamber 2a of the dialyzer 2.

[0215] In addition, the blood pump 8 is in a state where the tube 33 is not installed, so the dialysate flows through the blood pump 8 across the arterial side passage 21, and then flows from the fourth start-up filling tube 73 into the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0216] In this third step, similar to the first embodiment described above, the 12th on / off valve V12 of the replenishment passage 41 can be opened and closed at predetermined intervals, thereby generating a water hammer phenomenon to remove air bubbles from the dialyzer 2.

[0217] Furthermore, the area through which the dialysate flows into the arterial side passage 21 in this third step is the same as the area through which the dialysate flows in the second step described above, so the second step described above can be omitted.

[0218] Figure 13 Step 4 is shown. In step 4, the liquid level in sedimentation tank 9 is adjusted.

[0219] In this fourth step, in the dialysate circuit 4, the seventh and eighth on / off valves V7 and V8 of the first and second bypass passages 57 and 60 are locked, and the first flow regulating valve MV1 of the dialysate supply passage 54 is locked, while the second flow regulating valve MV2 and the 12 on / off valve V12 of the replenishment passage 41 are opened.

[0220] Additionally, in the blood circuit 3, the arterial clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are locked, while the clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 of the sedimentation tank 9 is opened. Furthermore, the tube 33 of the blood pump 8 can also remain in an uninstalled state, but in this embodiment it is set to an installed state.

[0221] In this state, the dewatering pump 68 installed in the dewatering passage 66 is activated, thereby opening the 22nd on / off valve V22 of the 5th bypass passage 71.

[0222] Therefore, clean water is supplied to the dialysate recovery passage 55 from the above-mentioned supply passage 53 via the fifth bypass passage 71, thereby deforming the recovery chamber 51b of the first dialysate chamber 51 and discharging dialysate from the supply chamber 51a.

[0223] The dialysate flows from the dialysate supply passage 54 through the replenishment passage 41 into the venous side passage 22. At this time, the arterial side clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous side clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are locked, so the dialysate flows into the sedimentation tank 9. At this time, the clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 is locked.

[0224] The control unit opens the 24th on / off valve V24 of the liquid level adjustment passage 47 connected to the sedimentation tank 9, and simultaneously discharges air from the sedimentation tank 9 when the dialysate flows into the sedimentation tank 9 and the liquid level rises.

[0225] Since the delivery volume of the aforementioned dewatering pump 68 is small and accurate, the control unit can set the liquid level of the dialysis fluid in the sedimentation tank 9 to any height by controlling the operating time of the dewatering pump 68, for example.

[0226] Furthermore, the adjustment of the liquid level in sedimentation tank 9 in step 4 can be done manually, so step 4 can be omitted.

[0227] Figure 14 Step 5 is shown. In step 5, the operation is performed to allow dialysate to flow into the blood circuit 3 via the rehydration passage 41, thereby filling the other parts of the venous side passage 22 with dialysate.

[0228] Specifically, the water removal pump 68 used in step 4 is stopped, and the 22nd opening and closing valve of the 5th bypass passage 71 is locked. Similarly to steps 1 to 3 above, the clean water in the supply passage 53 is allowed to flow into the dialysate recovery passage 55 via the 1st and 2nd bypass passages 57 and 60.

[0229] Based on this, the first flow regulating valve MV1 of the dialysate supply passage 54 is locked, and the second flow regulating valve MV2 and the 12 on / off valve V12 of the replenishment passage 41 are opened.

[0230] Additionally, in the blood circuit 3, the tube 33 of the blood pump 8 is installed, and in this state, the arterial clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are opened.

[0231] Thus, the dialysate flowing from the dialysate supply passage 54 into the replenishment passage 41 flows through the replenishment passage 41 on the blood circuit 3 side and into the venous side passage 22. However, the blood pump 8 is in the installed state, so the dialysate does not pass the blood pump 8, but flows towards the sedimentation tank 9 side.

[0232] In the sedimentation tank 9, the clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 and the 24th on / off valve V24 of the liquid level adjustment passage 47 are locked, so the dialysate flows through the sedimentation tank 9 as is, and then flows into the arterial side passage 21 via the aforementioned 3rd start-up filling pipe 72 and the return blood passage 23.

[0233] Here, the blood pump 8 is in the installed state, so the dialysate flows from the arterial side passage 21 into the aforementioned fourth start-up filling pipe 73, and then into the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0234] After the infusion is completed, the medical practitioner will disconnect the third infusion tubing 72 from the return blood passage 23A and connect the end of the return blood passage 23A to the first connection port P1 in the return blood passage 23B of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0235] In the second embodiment described above, after step 5, the blood return path 23B is replaced. However, when starting the infusion operation, the blood return path 23A of the blood circuit 3 can be connected to the blood return path 23B of the dialysate circuit 4, and the blood return path 23 can be started and infused in the same way as in the first embodiment.

[0236] In this case, although not shown, a port for connecting to the third starting and dispensing pipe 72 is provided in the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3. The third starting and dispensing pipe 72 can be connected to this port during the starting and dispensing operation.

[0237] The preferred location for the port is between the arterial side clamp V1 and the connector 21a in the arterial side passage 21. The arterial side passage 21 and the venous side passage 23 can be connected by connecting the third starting and filling pipe 72 at this location.

[0238] Then, during the initiation of the refueling operation, between steps 2 and 3 in the second embodiment, a process is performed... Figure 8 The initiation and injection actions of the blood return pathway 23A and blood return pathway 23B are performed in step 3 of the first embodiment shown.

[0239] Figures 15-18 The start-up and infusion operation of the dialysis apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment is shown. Furthermore, regarding the structure of the dialysis apparatus 1 described above, descriptions of parts common to the second embodiment are omitted.

[0240] In the dialysis apparatus 1 of the third embodiment, the connection position of the fluid replenishment passage 41A in the blood circuit 3 is different from that in the dialysis apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, where it is the arterial side passage 21. Specifically, the end of the fluid replenishment passage 41A is connected between the dialyzer 2 and the blood pump 8.

[0241] In this way, even if the fluid replenishment pathway 41A is set in the arterial side pathway 21, the dialysate can still flow from the dialysate supply pathway 54 through the fluid replenishment pathway 41 to the arterial side pathway 21 for fluid replenishment during dialysis treatment.

[0242] However, by setting the fluid replenishment passage 41A to the arterial side passage 21, the dialysate supplied from the fluid replenishment passage 41 flows in the dialyzer 2 and is used for dialysis between the dialysate chamber 2b and the blood chamber 2a in the dialyzer 2.

[0243] The following describes the start-up and injection method of the dialysis apparatus 1 in the third embodiment. Figure 15 The first step is shown, as in the first embodiment. Figure 6 In the second embodiment Figure 10 The first step corresponds to this.

[0244] That is, in the first step, the dialysate is allowed to flow in the dialysate circuit 4, and the clean water in the supply passage 53 flows into the dialysate recovery passage 55 through the first bypass passage 57 and the second bypass passage 60, so that the dialysate fills the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2 and replenishes the dialysate that was reduced when the dialysate chamber 2b was filled.

[0245] Similar to the first and second embodiments described above, the first step ends at the point when the control unit detects that a predetermined amount of dialysate has been delivered by operating the dialysate pump 65 at a predetermined flow rate for a predetermined time.

[0246] Furthermore, in each of the second and fifth steps of the following third embodiment, the step ends when the control unit detects that a predetermined amount of dialysate has been delivered by operating the dialysate pump 65 at a predetermined flow rate for a predetermined time.

[0247] Figure 16 Step 2 is shown. In step 2, dialysate is passed from the dialysate chamber 2b of the hollow line 12 to the blood chamber 2a inside the dialyzer 2, allowing dialysate to flow into the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3.

[0248] Specifically, the 15th on / off valve V15 of the dialysate recovery passage 55 is locked, and the 25th on / off valve V25 of the starting and filling passage 63 is opened, thereby opening the arterial side clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3. Additionally, the blood pump 8 is in an uninstalled state.

[0249] As a result, the dialysate supplied from the dialysate supply passage 54 flows into the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2, but the 15th on / off valve V15 of the dialysate recovery passage 55 and the venous side clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are locked, so the dialysate flows from the dialysate chamber 2b into the blood chamber 2a through the hollow line 12 by the internal pressure.

[0250] Then, in the blood circuit 3, the blood pump 8 is not installed, so the dialysate can flow in the tube 33 and pass over the blood pump 8.

[0251] Subsequently, the dialysate flows from the arterial side passage 21 into the aforementioned fourth start-up filling pipe 73, and then from the third connection port P3 into the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0252] Figure 17 Step 3 is shown. In step 3, the operation of allowing the dialysate to flow into the blood circuit 3 through the replenishment passage 41 and adjusting the liquid level in the sedimentation tank 9 located in the venous side passage 22 is performed.

[0253] Specifically, the first flow regulating valve MV1 of the dialysate supply passage 54 is closed, while the second flow regulating valve MV2 and the 12th on / off valve V12 of the replenishment passage 41 are opened. Additionally, in the blood circuit 3, the blood pump 8 puts the pipe 33 into the installed state, and opens the clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 of the sedimentation tank 9.

[0254] Furthermore, in step 3, the dewatering pump 68 installed in the aforementioned dewatering passage 66 is activated, and the 22nd on / off valve V22 of the 5th bypass passage 71 is opened.

[0255] Thus, the dialysate flowing from the dialysate supply passage 54 into the replenishment passage 41 flows through the replenishment passage 41 on the blood circuit 3 side and into the arterial side passage 21. However, the blood pump 8 is in the installed state, so the dialysate cannot flow past the blood pump 8 and flows into the venous side passage 22 through the blood chamber 2a of the dialyzer 2.

[0256] Then, the dialysate flows into the sedimentation tank 9, but at this time the dialysate is delivered by the dewatering pump 68, and the liquid level can be finely adjusted by the operation of the 24th on / off valve V24 provided in the liquid level adjustment passage 47.

[0257] Regarding this third step, similarly to the fourth step in the second embodiment described above, the liquid level in the sedimentation tank 9 can be manually adjusted, so this step can be omitted.

[0258] Figure 18 Step 4 is shown. In step 4, dialysate is allowed to flow into the blood circuit 3 via the fluid replenishment passage 41, allowing dialysate to flow into the venous side passage 22.

[0259] Specifically, the first flow regulating valve MV1 of the dialysate supply passage 54 is locked, while the second flow regulating valve MV2 and the 12th on / off valve V12 of the replenishment passage 41 are opened.

[0260] Additionally, in the blood circuit 3, the tube 33 of the blood pump 8 is installed, and the arterial clamp V1 of the arterial side passage 21 and the venous clamp V2 of the venous side passage 22 are opened. Then, the manual clamp V3 of the overflow passage 45 of the sedimentation tank 9 is locked.

[0261] Thus, the dialysate flows from the dialysate supply passage 54 to the fluid replenishment passage 41 and into the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3. However, similar to step 3, the blood pump 8 is in the state of having the tube 33 installed, so the dialysate does not pass over the blood pump 8, but flows from the arterial side passage 21 through the dialyzer 2 into the venous side passage 22.

[0262] Then, after passing through the sedimentation tank 9, the dialysate flows from the venous side access 22 through the third initiation and injection tubing 72 and flows into the arterial side access 21 from the return blood passage 23 connected to the arterial side access 21.

[0263] Here, the blood pump 8 is also in the state of being installed with tube 33, so the dialysate flows from the arterial side passage 21 through the fourth start-up filling tube 73 and into the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0264] If step 4 is completed in this way, the medical practitioner will disconnect the aforementioned third initiation and dispensing tubing 72 from the return blood passage 23A and connect the end of the return blood passage 23A to the first connection port P1 in the return blood passage 23B of the dialysate circuit 4, thereby ending the initiation and dispensing operation.

[0265] Furthermore, even in this third embodiment, as described in the second embodiment, in order to omit the replacement of the blood return path 23A after the fourth step, the infusion can be started while the blood return path 23A and the blood return path 23B are connected.

[0266] Even in this case, a port that can be connected to the third starting and dispensing pipe 72 can be provided in the arterial side passage 21, and the third starting and dispensing pipe 72 can be connected to this port during the starting and dispensing operation.

[0267] Then, during the initiation of the refueling operation, between steps 2 and 3 in the third embodiment, a process is performed... Figure 8 The initiation and injection actions of the blood return pathway 23A and blood return pathway 23B are performed in step 3 of the first embodiment shown.

[0268] Next, Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating the start-up and injection method of the dialysis apparatus 1 in the fourth embodiment. Figure 19 The dialysis apparatus 1 is referred to as a control console type dialysis apparatus 1, and is supplied with dialysis fluid pre-prepared by a dialysis fluid manufacturing device (not shown).

[0269] In the dialysate circuit 4 of the dialysis apparatus 1 in this embodiment, a sixth bypass passage 74 is provided between the above-mentioned liquid supply passage 53 and the dialysate supply passage 54, and a second third on / off valve V23 controlled by the control unit is provided in the sixth bypass passage 74.

[0270] In addition, in this embodiment, the dialysate circuit 4 does not have a water removal passage 66 and a water removal pump 68. Instead, the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52 are of a three-chamber type in which volume variation chambers 51c and 52c are formed between the supply chamber 51a and the recovery chamber 51b.

[0271] Silicone oil is filled into the aforementioned volume variation chambers 51c and 52c, and an oil pump 75 is provided in the volume variation chambers 51c and 52c for sucking and discharging silicone oil. By using the oil pump 75 to suck and discharge silicone oil, the volume of the volume variation chambers 51c and 52c changes.

[0272] With this structure, when silicone oil is discharged from the volume change chambers 51c and 52c during dialysis treatment, causing the volume to decrease, negative pressure can be generated in the dialysate recovery passage 55. This creates a differential pressure between the dialysate chamber 2b and the blood chamber 2a in the dialyzer 2, thus removing water.

[0273] On the other hand, in the dialysate circuit 4 of the dialysis device 1 in this embodiment, similar to the first to third embodiments described above, a blood return passage 23B, a fluid replenishment passage 41B, and a start-up and filling passage 63 are provided, and the first to third connection ports P1 to P3 described above are respectively provided at their ends.

[0274] Furthermore, the dialyzer 2 and blood circuit 3 installed in the dialysis device 1 can be installed in the same manner as in the first to third embodiments described above. Here, the blood circuit 3 is installed in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above, and a first starting and filling pipe 26 is connected between the arterial side passage 21 and the venous side passage 22, and a second starting and filling pipe 46 is connected between the blood return passage 23A of the blood circuit 3 and the blood return passage 23B of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0275] In addition, the blood pump 8 installed in the blood circuit 3 is also the pump used in the first to third embodiments described above, and has a pipe mounting unit that installs the pipe 33 into the housing 31 during the start-up and filling operation, and can be installed from the uninstalled state to the installed state.

[0276] The following describes the start-up and injection operation of the dialysis apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment. Figure 19 Compared with step 2 in the first embodiment above ( Figure 7 )correspond.

[0277] Although not illustrated, in the first step of the fourth embodiment, similar to the first to third embodiments described above, the dialysate is circulated into the dialysate chamber 2b of the dialyzer 2 by allowing the dialysate to circulate into the dialysate circuit 4.

[0278] Next, in Figure 19 In the second step shown, by opening the 23rd on / off valve V23 of the 6th bypass passage 74, the dialysate produced by the dialysate manufacturing apparatus is circulated from the dialysate supply passage 53 to the dialysate supply passage 54 by using the liquid supply pump 58, which is provided in the liquid supply passage 53 as a liquid delivery pump.

[0279] Next, the dialysate flows from the dialysate supply passage 54 into the return blood passage 23 in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above. However, in the arterial side passage 21 of the blood circuit 3, the tube 33 of the blood pump 8 is not installed, and the arterial side clamp V1 is locked. Therefore, the dialysate flows past the blood pump 8 toward the dialyzer 2.

[0280] Furthermore, after passing through the blood chamber 2a of the dialyzer 2, the dialysate flows from the sedimentation tank 9 through the overflow passage 45 and the second start-up filling pipe 46 into the start-up filling passage 63 of the dialysate circuit 4.

[0281] Afterwards, except for the aspect of using the above-mentioned supply pump 58 to deliver the dialysate, the same actions as in steps 3 and 4 of the first embodiment are performed, so that the blood circuit 3 can be started and injected in the same way as in the first embodiment.

[0282] Thus, in a dialysis device 1 of the console type as described in this embodiment, and more specifically in a dialysis device 1 in which the sixth bypass passage 74 is provided between the above-mentioned supply passage 53 and the dialysis fluid supply passage 54 in the dialysis fluid circuit 4, the dialysis fluid can be delivered by the supply pump 58 provided in the above-mentioned supply passage 53 for start-up and injection.

[0283] As described above, the supply pump 58 is also a magnetic gear pump, so by using the supply pump 58 to deliver the dialysate during start-up and filling, the dialysate can be rapidly circulated to the blood circuit 3.

[0284] Therefore, similar to the first embodiment described above, if the 13th on / off valve V13 of the blood return passage 23 is opened and closed at predetermined intervals, liquid delivery using the water hammer phenomenon can be performed, and rapid start-up injection can be performed.

[0285] Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, similarly to the first to third embodiments, by changing the tube 33 from an uninstalled state to an installed state in the blood pump 8, and compressing and locking the tube 33, the flow of dialysate in the blood circuit 3 can be controlled.

[0286] Furthermore, in the first to third embodiments described above, as long as there is a structure equivalent to the sixth bypass passage 74 and the 23 on / off valve V23 involved in the fourth embodiment described above, the starting and filling can be performed in the same way as in the fourth embodiment.

[0287] In addition, the first and second dialysate chambers 51 and 52 of the dialysate circuit 4 described in the first to third embodiments are two-chamber structures with a supply chamber 51a and a recovery chamber 51b, but a three-chamber structure as in the fourth embodiment can also be used, omitting the replenishment passage and replenishment pump.

Claims

1. A dialysis apparatus comprising: A dialyzer has a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber inside; a blood circuit allows blood to flow into the blood chamber of the dialyzer; a dialysate circuit allows dialysate to flow into the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer; a delivery pump is installed in the dialysate circuit to deliver dialysate; and a connecting passage connects the dialysate circuit and the blood circuit. The aforementioned dialysis device is equipped with a blood pump, which includes: a housing housing a flexible tube constituting the blood circuit; and a rotor that rotates inside the housing while simultaneously compressing and rotating the tube. During startup of the dialysate filling operation, dialysate flows from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit via the aforementioned connection passage. The aforementioned dialysis device is characterized in that… The aforementioned blood pump has a tube mounting unit that switches from an unmounted state, where the tube is located outside the housing and allows liquid to flow inside, to an mounted state, where the tube is housed in the housing and locked by the rotor pressing the tube. During the above-mentioned start-up and filling operation, the blood pump is set to the above-mentioned uninstalled state. The dialysate is fed from the dialysate circuit into the blood circuit through the above-mentioned connection passage by the above-mentioned delivery pump. After a predetermined amount of dialysate flows over the blood pump, the blood pump is set to the installed state by the above-mentioned tube installation unit. Then, the dialysate that has flowed from the dialysate circuit into the blood circuit through the above-mentioned delivery pump into the blood circuit is made to flow in the opposite direction to the blood pump so that the blood circuit is filled with dialysate.

2. The dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, An on / off valve is provided in the aforementioned connection passage, and the aforementioned dialysis apparatus has a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the on / off valve. During the aforementioned start-up and filling operation, while the dialysate is being delivered by the dialysate delivery pump in the dialysate circuit, the control unit repeatedly opens and closes the valves of the aforementioned connection passage, thereby generating water hammer in the blood circuit connected to the aforementioned connection passage and inside the dialyzer.

3. The dialysis apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The delivery pump in the dialysate circuit described above is set as a magnetic gear pump.

4. The dialysis apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The aforementioned connection pathway is used for fluid replenishment during dialysis treatment when fluid is replenished from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit, or for blood return after dialysis treatment when fluid is circulated from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit to return blood to the patient.

5. A method for starting and administering medication to a dialysis device, the dialysis device comprising: A dialyzer has a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber inside; a blood circuit allows blood to flow into the blood chamber of the dialyzer; a dialysate circuit allows dialysate to flow into the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer; a delivery pump is installed in the dialysate circuit to deliver dialysate; and a connecting passage connects the dialysate circuit and the blood circuit. The aforementioned dialysis device is equipped with a blood pump, which includes: a housing housing a flexible tube constituting the blood circuit; and a rotor that rotates inside the housing while simultaneously compressing and rotating the tube. During the initiation and filling process, dialysate is allowed to flow from the dialysate circuit to the blood circuit via the aforementioned connection passage. The initiation and filling method for the aforementioned dialysis device is characterized by the following: In the above-described start-up and filling operation, the tubing of the blood pump is detached from the housing and placed in an uninstalled state where liquid can flow inside. The dialysate is then pumped from the dialysate circuit into the blood circuit via the connection passage using the delivery pump. After a predetermined amount of dialysate flows past the blood pump, the tubing of the blood pump is installed into the housing, and the rotor is stopped, placing the tubing in an installed state where it is compressed by the rotor. Then, the dialysate that has flowed from the dialysate circuit into the blood circuit via the delivery pump is pumped in the opposite direction to the blood pump, so that the blood circuit is filled with dialysate.

6. The method for starting and injecting the dialysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An on / off valve is installed in the above-mentioned connection passage. During the aforementioned start-up and filling operation, while the dialysate is being delivered using the dialysate circuit pump, the opening and closing valve of the aforementioned connection passage is closed, causing the internal pressure of the aforementioned connection passage to rise. Subsequently, the opening and closing valve is opened, thereby generating a water hammer phenomenon in the blood circuit connected to the aforementioned connection passage and inside the dialyzer.

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