Small joint elastic fixation system and assembly method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to an elastic fixation system for small joints and an assembly method thereof, and to the field of bone setting instruments, which includes a bone plate, on which a connecting hole and a first limiting groove are provided. Through the use of superelastic nickel-titanium material and traditional titanium alloy material and a special pre-set deformation structure, the fixing system can generate continuous axial stress, and cooperate with the strong fixation of the screws and the connecting holes to achieve the purpose of continuous pressure reduction of the broken end or joint surface after implantation into the human body. The first limiting groove can be used for the insertion of U-shaped nails to form a three-dimensional fixation system of bone plates, screws, and U-shapes. Doctors can flexibly choose the combination of various elements of the system, and selectively realize its elastic fixation function according to the diverse clinical purposes. The present application focuses on the field of clinical small joints, such as micro-motion joints such as wrists and ankles, and provides convenience and flexibility for clinical use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bone setting instruments, and in particular to a small joint elastic fixation system and an assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Most traditional bone plate and screw fixation systems adhere to the concept of strong fixation (AO), and often use medical stainless steel, pure titanium and titanium alloys. Through the short-term implantation of bone plates and screws, the fracture ends are compressed and fixed, the anatomical structure is reconstructed, and the local micro-motion of the fracture is eliminated to achieve primary healing without callus. The bone plates and screws are required to be firmly implanted in the human body, but they cannot overcome the gap problem that occurs after the bone ends are reabsorbed, which leads to delayed healing and even nonunion. Especially for the common small joint fusion, osteotomy, and arthroplasty in the hands and feet, it is difficult to overcome its own shortcomings.

[0003] Traditional memory alloy fixation systems are often just single structural systems, relying mainly on the shape memory effect of the material, mainly achieving lateral holding, and axially relying mainly on claws and teeth to provide continuous pressure. There is a lack of screw structure, and fixed implantation requires complicated temperature control operations, and removal after implantation is a major clinical problem. And because the material "memory processing" process is complicated, most of these products are limited to relatively regular clinical adaptation plans, and doctors cannot flexibly make micro-adjustments to meet the different needs of patients due to individual differences. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides a small joint elastic fixation system and an assembly method thereof.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a small joint elastic fixation system adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] A small joint elastic fixation system comprises a bone plate, wherein the bone plate is provided with a connection hole connected to a bone, and the bone plate is provided with a first limiting groove.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the first limiting groove has little effect on the bone plate, so that the bone plate can be used alone to reinforce and protect the bones; it can also be used in conjunction with other instruments to achieve other functions while reinforcing. For example, in conjunction with U-shaped nails, it can achieve pressure while reinforcing the bones, reducing the possibility of gaps between the connected bones. Doctors can flexibly choose the combination of various elements of the system and selectively implement its elastic fixation function according to diverse clinical purposes. The first limiting groove is used for the insertion of other instruments, and it is convenient to limit other instruments and facilitate the coordination of other instruments with the bone plate.

[0008] Optionally, the small joint elastic fixation system further includes a U-shaped nail body, and the U-shaped nail body is inserted into the first limiting groove.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, during surgery, the bone plate is first screwed into the screw through the connection hole to be fixed on the bone, and then the U-shaped nail body is inserted into the corresponding bone through the first limiting groove. The first limiting groove is convenient for limiting the U-shaped nail body, reducing the possibility of deformation and displacement of the U-shaped nail body, improving the protection and pressurization effect of the bone, and realizing continuous self-pressurization. At the same time, the bone plate also has the effect of stabilizing the bone. The bone plate and the U-shaped nail body cooperate with each other to further improve the protection effect of the bone.

[0010] Optionally, the U-shaped staple body includes a bridging portion and a leg portion connected to the bridging portion, and an anti-twist sheet is provided on the bridging portion.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the anti-twist sheet is used to be inserted into the bone to reduce the possibility of twisting of the bridge part and the leg, and improve the stability of the U-shaped nail body when in use.

[0012] Optionally, a guide surface is provided at one end of the anti-twist sheet away from the bridging portion.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the guide surface facilitates the anti-twist plate to be inserted into the bone, thereby reducing damage to the bone.

[0014] Optionally, a stop shoulder is provided on the U-shaped nail body, and a stop block abutting against the stop shoulder is provided in the stop groove.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the cooperation between the limit block and the shoulder can increase the stability of the connection between the U-shaped nail body and the bone plate, and also facilitate the positioning of the U-shaped nail body. When the shoulder abuts against the limit block, the U-shaped nail body is inserted into place, which is more convenient and safer.

[0016] Optionally, the bone plate is a fixing plate, the first limiting groove is arranged on the fixing plate, and the fixing plate is made of titanium alloy.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the fixation plate made of titanium alloy has higher strength, which is convenient for better reinforcement of bones and improvement of stability between bones.

[0018] Optionally, the bone plate is a pressure plate, the first limiting groove is arranged on the pressure plate, a pressure section is provided on the side wall of the limiting groove, when the pressure section receives pressure along the width direction of the pressure plate, the length of the pressure plate increases, and the pressure section is made of memory alloy.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, the pressurization section is convenient for generating tension on the two bones that need to be pressurized after pressurization, thereby reducing the possibility of a gap between the two bones. At the same time, the U-shaped nail body is convenient for pressurizing the inside of the bone, and the pressure plate is convenient for pressurizing the outside of the bone. The combination of the pressure plate and the U-shaped nail body can generate continuous axial stress, and cooperate with the strong fixation of the screw and the connecting hole to achieve the purpose of continuous pressure reduction of the broken end or joint surface after implantation in the human body, further reducing the possibility of a gap between the two bones.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides an assembly method of a small joint elastic fixation system using the following technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The step of installing the pressure plate is to pressurize the pressure section so that the pressure section is deformed, thereby increasing the length of the pressure plate, then the pressure plate is abutted against two bones to be reinforced, and screws are screwed into the connection holes to fix the pressure plate to the corresponding bones, and then the pressure is canceled to complete the installation of the pressure plate;

[0022] The steps for installing the U-shaped nail body are to expand the U-shaped nail body, then insert the expanded U-shaped nail body into the first limiting groove, and at the same time insert the legs into the corresponding two bones, and then continue to insert the U-shaped nail body until the shoulder abuts against the limiting block to complete the installation of the U-shaped nail body.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, during installation, the pressure plate is first fixed to the bone to improve the stability of the bone, and then the U-shaped nail body is installed. At this time, the pressure plate can facilitate the positioning of the U-shaped nail body and lift the U-shaped nail body installation bolt, so that the adjustment block and the tightening block are close to each other, and then pressure is applied to the pressure section along the width direction of the pressure plate, thereby achieving pressurization, which is more convenient.

[0024] Optionally, in the step of installing the U-shaped staple body, a spreading tool is used to spread the U-shaped staple body, and the spreading tool includes a holding block and a spreading bolt, the holding block is threadedly connected to the spreading bolt, and two slots are provided on the holding block, the slots are used for the shoulder to be inserted, and the end of the spreading bolt abuts against the end of the bridging part away from the leg.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, when installing the U-shaped nail body, the two shoulders are inserted into the corresponding slots, and then the expansion bolt is rotated so that the end of the expansion bolt gradually abuts against the bridging part, and the bridging part is expanded toward the direction of the legs, so that the two legs are expanded, thereby facilitating insertion into the bone.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. Through the arrangement of the bone plate, the connection hole and the first limiting groove, the first limiting groove has little effect on the bone plate, so that the bone plate can be used alone to reinforce and protect the bones, and can also be used in conjunction with other instruments to improve the flexibility of the bone plate;

[0028] 2. By setting the pressurization section, it is convenient to generate pulling force on the two bones that need pressurization after pressurization, thereby reducing the possibility of gaps between the two bones. At the same time, the U-shaped nail body is convenient for pressurizing the inside of the bone, while the pressurization plate is convenient for pressurizing the outside of the bone. The combination of the two can improve the stability and reliability of pressurization, realize continuous self-pressurization, and further reduce the possibility of gaps between the two bones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the shoulder guard and the limit block in Example 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressurizing tool in Example 1 of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion tool in Example 1 of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present application.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 3 of the present application.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 4 of the present application.

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 5 of the present application.

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 6 of the present application.

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 7 of the present application.

[0039] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 8 of the present application.

[0040] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 9 of the present application.

[0041] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 10 of the present application.

[0042] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 11 of the present application.

[0043] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 12 of the present application.

[0044] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compression spring in Example 12 of the present application.

[0045] Fig.17 This Fig.15 A partial enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0046] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. pressure plate; 11. first limiting groove; 111. limiting block; 12. pressure section; 13. fixed threaded hole; 2. U-shaped nail body; 21. bridging part; 211. shoulder block; 212. anti-twist plate; 2121. avoidance groove; 2122. guide surface; 213. second limiting groove; 214. deformation section; 22. leg; 3. pressure tool; 31. tightening block; 311. accommodating groove; 3111. first arc surface; 312. guide hole; 32. adjusting block; 321. guide rod; 33. pressure bolt; 34. first positioning block; 341. fixing sleeve; 342. compression spring; 35. first Two positioning blocks; 351, sliding sleeve; 352, sliding rod; 36, first connecting rod; 361, supporting plate; 362, first transmission wheel; 363, transmission rope; 364, toggle wheel; 37, clamping bolt; 371, clamping block; 3711, second arc surface; 372, guide shaft; 373, second transmission wheel; 38, second connecting rod; 381, sliding groove; 4, spreading tool; 41, holding block; 411, slot; 42, spreading bolt; 5, fixing plate; 51, universal locking hole; 511, locking thread; 512, locking notch; 513, countersunk hole; 52, locking pressure hole; 521, locking spherical surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following is combined with Figure 1-17 This application is described in further detail.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] The present application discloses a small joint elastic fixation system. Figure 1A small joint elastic fixation system includes a bone plate, a first limiting groove 11 is provided on the bone plate, and a U-shaped nail body 2 is provided in the first limiting groove 11. A connecting hole is provided on the bone plate, and the connecting hole is used to insert a screw to fix the bone plate to the bone. The bone plate is a pressure plate 1, and the first limiting groove 11 is provided on the pressure plate 1. The side wall of the first limiting groove 11 is a pressure section 12, and the pressure section 12 is relatively arranged along the width direction of the pressure plate 1. In this embodiment, the connecting hole is a fixed threaded hole 13, and the pressure plate 1 is provided with a fixed threaded hole 13 at both ends along its own width direction, for screws to be inserted to fix the pressure plate 1 to the bone. At the same time, the U-shaped nail body 2 is convenient for pressurizing two bones, so as to assist the recovery of the two damaged bones, and the first limiting groove 11 can limit the U-shaped nail body 2 to improve the stability of the connection between the U-shaped nail body 2 and the bone.

[0050] The pressure plate 1 is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy. In the initial state, the pressure section 12 is set in an arc shape. During installation, the two pressure sections 12 are first pressurized along the width direction of the pressure plate 1, so that the curvature of the two pressure sections 12 gradually becomes flat, and the length of the pressure plate 1 also increases accordingly. At this time, the pressure plate 1 is fixed to the corresponding two bones by screws. After the pressure is released, the elastic force of the two pressure sections 12 applies pressure to the pressure plate 1 to shorten the pressure plate 1, and then applies pressure to the two bones to move closer to each other, achieving continuous self-pressurization and reducing the possibility of the two bones moving away from each other. The pressure section 12 can be provided with multiple pressure sections 12 along the length direction of the pressure plate 1, which can be one or two. The use of multiple pressure sections 12 can reduce the width of the pressure section 12 under normal conditions and reduce the area affected by the operation.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The U-shaped nail body 2 includes an integrally formed bridge portion 21 and a leg portion 22. The leg portion 22 is provided with at least two, which can be two or four. The bridge portion 21 is sunk into the first limiting groove 11. The first limiting groove 11 is convenient for limiting the bridge portion 21 and improving the stability of the leg portion 22 inserted into the bone. The first limiting groove 11 is inserted into the bridge portion 21. Both ends along the length direction of the bridge portion 21 are provided with a shoulder 211. The inner wall of the first limiting groove 11 is integrally formed with a limiting block 111 that abuts against the shoulder 211. The limiting block 111 abuts against the shoulder 211, which can further limit the bridge portion 21, so that the length of the leg portion 22 inserted into the bone is more appropriate. At the same time, the provision of the shoulder 211 also facilitates the removal of the U-shaped nail body 2.

[0052] Reference Figure 2The side wall where the bridge portion 21 and the leg portion 22 are connected is integrally formed with an anti-twist sheet 212. The anti-twist sheet 212 facilitates the insertion of the leg portion 22 into the bone when the leg portion 22 is inserted into the bone, thereby reducing the possibility of twisting between the legs 22 and further improving the stability of the connection between the leg portion 22 and the bone. A guide surface 2122 is provided at one end of the anti-twist sheet 212 away from the bridge portion 21. The guide surfaces 2122 are arranged opposite to each other along the length direction of the bridge portion 21. The distance between the two guide surfaces 2122 gradually increases along the direction of the anti-twist sheet 212 toward the bridge portion 21, thereby facilitating the insertion of the anti-twist sheet 212 into the bone. Avoidance grooves 2121 are provided on the two side walls of the anti-twist sheet 212 along the length direction of the bridge portion 21, thereby saving materials and facilitating the opening of the bridge portion 21 by tools.

[0053] The implementation principle of a small joint elastic fixation system in Example 1 of the present application is: during assembly, the pressurization section 12 is pressurized to deform the pressurization section 12, thereby increasing the length of the pressurization plate 1, and then the pressurization plate 1 is placed on two bones that need to be reinforced, and the screws are screwed into the fixing threaded holes 13 to fix the pressurization plate 1 on the corresponding bones.

[0054] Then, the pressure on the pressurizing section 12 is cancelled, and the U-shaped nail body 2 is stretched open, and then the stretched U-shaped nail body 2 is inserted into the first limiting groove 11, and the two legs 22 are inserted into the corresponding two bones. Then, the U-shaped nail body 2 is loosened, and the U-shaped nail body 2 is continued to be inserted until the shoulder 211 abuts against the limiting block 111, and the installation of the U-shaped nail body 2 is completed.

[0055] In a second aspect, the present application discloses an assembly method of a facet joint elastic fixation system, comprising the following steps:

[0056] In the step of installing the pressure plate, the pressure section 12 is pressurized by the pressure tool 3 so that the pressure section 12 is deformed, thereby increasing the length of the pressure plate 1. The pressure plate 1 is then placed on the two bones that need to be reinforced, and the screws are screwed into the fixing threaded holes 13 to fix the pressure plate 1 on the corresponding bones.

[0057] The pressurizing tool 3 is then released, and the elasticity of the material of the pressurizing section 12 exerts a pulling force on the two bones to bring them closer together, thereby reducing the possibility of the gap between the two bones increasing.

[0058] The steps for installing the U-shaped nail body are to use the expansion tool 4 to expand the U-shaped nail body 2, and then insert the expanded U-shaped nail body 2 into the first limiting groove 11 and insert it into the corresponding two bones at the same time, then release the expansion tool 4, and continue to insert the U-shaped nail body 2 until the shoulder 211 abuts against the limiting block 111, thereby completing the installation of the U-shaped nail body 2.

[0059] Reference Figure 3The pressurizing tool 3 includes a clamping block 31, an adjusting block 32 and a pressurizing bolt 33. Receiving grooves 311 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the clamping block 31 and the adjusting block 32. Each pressurizing section 12 corresponds to a receiving groove 311. A first arc surface 3111 is provided on each receiving groove 311. Each first arc surface 3111 abuts against a pressurizing section 12. The first arc surface 3111 facilitates the positioning of the pressurizing section 12. The pressurizing bolt 33 passes through the adjusting block 32 and is threadedly connected to the clamping block 31. Two guide rods 321 are fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting block 32 facing the clamping block 31. A guide hole 312 is provided on one end of the clamping block 31 facing the adjusting block 32. One end of the guide rod 321 away from the adjusting block 32 passes through the guide hole 312, so as to improve the stability of the movement of the adjusting block 32.

[0060] When it is necessary to pressurize the pressure plate 1, place the pressure plate 1 between the two accommodating grooves 311, and make the pressure section 12 abut against the first arc surface 3111, then rotate the pressure bolt 33, and rely on the threaded connection between the pressure bolt 33 and the abutment block to make the adjustment block 32 move toward the clamping block 31, thereby pressurizing the pressure section 12, so that the length of the pressure plate 1 increases, and the width of the pressure section 12 decreases, until the pressure section 12 fits against the first arc surface 3111.

[0061] Reference Figure 4 The spreading tool 4 includes a gripping block 41 and a spreading bolt 42, wherein the spreading bolt 42 is threadedly connected to the gripping block 41, and the gripping block 41 is provided with two slots 411 for inserting the shoulder 211. The two slots 411 are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the gripping block 41, and the opening directions of the two slots 411 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the gripping block 41, so that when the U-shaped nail body 2 is installed, one end of the U-shaped nail body 2 along the thickness direction of the gripping block 41 is not easy to fall over.

[0062] When installing the U-shaped nail body 2, the two shoulders 211 are inserted into the corresponding slots 411, and then the expansion bolt 42 is rotated so that the end of the expansion bolt 42 gradually abuts against the bridging portion 21, and the bridging portion 21 is expanded toward the anti-twist plate 212, thereby expanding the two legs 22 to facilitate insertion into the bone.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] Reference Figure 5 , which is different from Example 5 in that one end of the pressure plate 1 along its length direction is provided with a fixing threaded hole 13, and the other end is provided with two fixing threaded holes 13, and the two fixing threaded holes 13 are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the pressure plate 1. The two fixing threaded holes 13 facilitate connection with bones with a larger width, thereby improving the stability of the connection.

[0065] Embodiment 3:

[0066] Reference Figure 6 ,which is different from Example 5 in that two fixing threaded holes 13 are provided at both ends of the pressing plate 1 along its own length direction, and the two fixing threaded holes 13 are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the pressing plate 1, facilitating the connection of two bones with larger widths.

[0067] Example 4:

[0068] Reference Figure 7 ,which is different from Example 5 in that two fixing threaded holes 13 are provided at both ends of the pressing plate 1 along its own length direction, and the two fixing threaded holes 13 are arranged along the length direction of the pressing plate 1, facilitating the connection of two bones with larger lengths.

[0069] Example 5:

[0070] Reference Figure 8 ,which is different from Example 5 in that two pressing plates 1 are provided along the length direction of the pressing plate 1, and one end of the two pressing plates 1 facing each other is integrally formed. A fixing threaded hole 13 is provided between the two pressing plates 1, which is used for occasions where multiple bones need to be pressed simultaneously.

[0071] Example 6:

[0072] Reference Fig. 9 ,which is different from Example 5 in that three pressing plates 1 are provided. The three pressing plates 1 are integrally formed in sequence to form a U shape. A total of four fixing threaded holes 13 are provided on the three pressing plates 1. A fixing threaded hole 13 is provided between two adjacent pressing plates 1, and a fixing threaded hole 13 is provided at one end of the first and the third pressing plates 1 away from the second pressing plate 1.

[0073] Example 7:

[0074] Reference Fig.10 ,which is different from Example 1 in that the bone plate is a fixing plate 5. The fixing plate 5 is made of titanium alloy. The cross-section of the fixing plate 5 along its own width direction is arc-shaped, facilitating the fitting with the surface of the bone and improving the stability of the support for the bone. At the same time, the fixing plate 5 is also a curved surface structure as a whole along its own length direction, mainly for cooperating with the bone. The part of the fixing plate 5 where the first limiting groove 11 is provided is flatter than other parts, facilitating the insertion of the U-shaped nail body 2 and forming a cooperation with the U-shaped nail body 2. The U-shaped nail body 2 and the fixing plate 5 cooperate with each other, facilitating the protection and pressing of the damaged bone, realizing continuous self-pressurization, and improving the recovery speed of the damaged bone.

[0075] Reference Fig.10In this embodiment, the connecting hole is a universal locking hole 51 or a locking pressurizing hole 52. Three universal locking holes 51 are provided at one end of the fixing plate 5 along its own length direction, and two universal locking holes 51 and one locking pressurizing hole 52 are provided at the other end of the fixing plate 5 along its own length direction. The locking pressurizing hole 52 is located at one end of the two universal locking holes 51 away from the three universal locking holes 51.

[0076] A locking thread 511 is integrally formed on the inner wall of the universal locking hole 51. A locking notch 512 is provided on the locking thread 511 along the axial direction of the universal locking hole 51. There are multiple locking notches 512 along the circumferential array of the universal locking hole 51, which can be four or five. A countersunk hole 513 is provided on the universal locking hole 51 for the head of the screw to sink into. A locking spherical surface 521 is provided on the inner wall of the locking pressurizing hole 52. The diameter of the locking spherical surface 521 gradually decreases along the direction in which the screw is inserted into the locking pressurizing hole 52, so as to facilitate contact with the head of the screw, thereby limiting the position of the head of the screw and allowing the head of the screw to sink into the locking pressurizing hole 52, thereby reducing the possibility of the head of the screw leaking out and causing damage to the human body.

[0077] The locking and pressurizing hole 52 is a long hole, so that the screw can slide or swing in the locking and pressurizing hole 52. When the fixing plate 5 is used alone, a conical locking screw can be used in the universal locking hole 51 to increase the stability of the connection between the fixing plate 5 and the bone and form a strong fixation; when the fixing plate 5 is used in conjunction with the U-shaped nail body 2, a ball-head smooth screw is used in the universal locking hole 51 and the locking and pressurizing hole 52. The strong fixation of the fixing plate 5 and the bone will dilute the pressurization effect of the U-shaped nail body 2. When a ball-head smooth screw is used, during the continuous pressurization of the U-shaped nail body 2, the ball-head smooth screw can swing in the universal locking hole 51, swing or slide in the locking and pressurizing hole 52 to cooperate with the pressurization and facilitate the two bones to approach each other. The locking and pressurizing hole 52 and the universal locking hole 51 can also be left vacant, as long as the fixation of the fixing plate 5 to the bone is sufficient. At the same time, since some scenarios have different requirements for the intensity of pressure, the number of ball-head smooth screws and conical locking screws can be selected according to actual conditions, so as to facilitate the degree of intervention in the continuous automatic pressure of the U-shaped nail body 2, that is, the number of conical locking screws is inversely proportional to the pressure intensity.

[0078] Embodiment 8:

[0079] Reference Fig.11, which is different from Embodiment 7 in that a set of universal locking holes 51 and a locking pressurizing hole 52 are provided at both ends of the fixing plate 5 along its length direction, and each set of universal locking holes 51 can be two. The two locking pressurizing holes 52 are provided on both sides of the first limiting groove 11 along the length direction of the fixing plate 5, and the two locking pressurizing holes 52 are located between the two sets of universal locking holes 51. The structures of the universal locking holes 51 and the locking pressurizing holes 52 are the same as those of Embodiment 7, and are not described in detail here.

[0080] Embodiment 9:

[0081] Reference Fig.12 , which is different from Example 7 in that one end of the fixing plate 5 along its length direction is provided with three universal locking holes 51, and the three universal locking holes 51 are arranged in a triangular shape. The other end of the fixing plate 5 along its length direction is provided with three universal locking holes 51 and two locking pressurizing holes 52, and the two locking pressurizing holes 52 are arranged along the length direction of the fixing plate 5, one of the universal locking holes 51 is located between the two locking pressurizing holes 52, and the other two universal locking holes 51 are arranged close to the first limiting groove 11.

[0082] Embodiment 10:

[0083] Reference Fig.13 , which is different from Example 7 in that two first limiting grooves 11 are provided, and the two first limiting grooves 11 are arranged along the length direction of the fixing plate 5. Three universal locking holes 51 are provided at one end of the fixing plate 5 along its own length direction, and the three universal locking holes 51 are arranged along the width direction of the fixing plate 5. Two universal locking holes 51 and a locking pressurizing hole 52 are provided between the two first limiting grooves 11, and the two universal locking holes 51 are provided on both sides of the locking pressurizing hole 52 along the width direction of the fixing plate 5. Two universal locking holes 51 and a locking pressurizing hole 52 are provided at the other end of the fixing plate 5 along its own width direction, and the locking pressurizing hole 52 is provided close to the first limiting groove 11.

[0084] Embodiment 11:

[0085] Reference Fig.14, which is different from Example 1, is that a second limiting groove 213 is provided on the bridge portion 21, and the second limiting groove 213 is convenient for inserting a smaller U-shaped nail body 2, and the two side walls of the second limiting groove 213 along the width direction of the bridge portion 21 are deformation sections 214, and the deformation sections 214 are made of memory alloy. When installing the U-shaped nail body 2, pressure is applied to the deformation section 214 along the width direction of the bridge portion 21, so that the width of the deformation section 214 becomes smaller, and the length of the bridge portion 21 increases. At this time, the leg 22 is inserted into the two bones that need to be pressurized, and then the deformation section 214 is loosened. At this time, the deformation section 214 relies on its own elasticity to apply tension to the two bones, reducing the possibility of separation of the two bones. Multiple deformation sections 214 can be provided along the length direction of the bridge portion 21, which can be one or two.

[0086] Embodiment 12:

[0087] Reference Fig.15 and 16 , which is different from Example 1, is that the pressurizing tool 3 includes a first positioning block 34 and a second positioning block 35, and the first positioning block 34 and the second block are both inserted into the first limiting groove 11. The first positioning block 34 is fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve 341 at one end facing the second positioning block 35, and the second positioning block 35 is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve 351 at one end facing the first positioning block 34, and the sliding sleeve 351 is inserted into the fixed sleeve 341, and a compression spring 342 is provided between the sliding sleeve 351 and the fixed sleeve 341. The first positioning block 34 is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod 36, and the end of the first connecting rod 36 away from the first positioning block 34 is hinged to a second connecting rod 38, and the second positioning block 35 is fixed to a sliding rod 352, and the second connecting rod 38 is provided with a sliding groove 381 along its length direction, and the sliding rod 352 is located in the sliding groove 381. When the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 are inserted into the first limiting groove 11 , the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 abut against the limiting block 111 .

[0088] The compression spring 342 facilitates the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 to move in opposite directions, so that the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 are pressed against the first limiting groove 11. When the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 need to be removed, the second connecting rod 38 only needs to be pressed to move the sliding sleeve 351 toward the first positioning block 34, so that the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 are no longer pressed against the first limiting groove 11, so that the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 are taken out of the first limiting groove 11. The cooperation between the sliding rod 352 and the sliding groove 381 facilitates reducing the possibility of interference between the second connecting rod 38 and the second positioning block 35 when the sliding sleeve 351 slides.

[0089] Reference Fig.15 and Fig.17The fixing sleeve 341 is rotatably connected with a clamping bolt 37, and both ends of the clamping bolt 37 are threadedly connected with clamping blocks 371. The two clamping blocks 371 have opposite rotation directions, and the opposite side walls of the two clamping blocks 371 are provided with second arc surfaces 3711 for contacting with the pressurizing section 12. The fixing sleeve 341 is also fixedly connected with a guide shaft 372 along the width direction of the first limiting groove 11, and the guide shaft 372 passes through the two clamping blocks 371 at the same time, so as to guide the two clamping blocks 371. The rotation of the clamping bolt 37 can drive the two clamping blocks 371 to move relative to or away from each other. A support plate 361 is fixed on the first connecting rod 36, and a first transmission wheel 362 is rotatably connected to the support plate 361. A second transmission wheel 373 is coaxially fixed on the clamping bolt 37. A same transmission rope 363 is sleeved between the first transmission wheel 362 and the second transmission wheel 373, and the transmission of the first transmission wheel 362 and the second transmission wheel 373 is achieved through the transmission rope 363. A toggle wheel 364 is coaxially fixed on the first transmission wheel 362, and the toggle wheel 364 is convenient for operators to toggle.

[0090] The implementation principle of a small joint elastic fixing system in Example 12 of the present application is as follows: when the pressure plate 1 needs to be installed, the second connecting rod 38 is pressed so that the maximum distance between the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 is less than the length of the first limiting groove 11, and then the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 are inserted into the first limiting groove 11 so that the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 abut against the limiting block 111, and then the second connecting rod 38 is loosened, at which time the elastic force of the compression spring 342 makes the first positioning block 34 and the second positioning block 35 abut against the inner wall of the first limiting groove 11. Then the toggle wheel 364 is rotated to drive the first transmission wheel 362 to rotate, the first transmission wheel 362 drives the second transmission wheel 373 to rotate, and the second transmission wheel 373 drives the clamping bolt 37 to rotate, thereby driving the two clamping blocks 371 to move relative to each other, applying pressure to the pressure section 12, so that the length of the pressure plate 1 increases.

[0091] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A small joint elastic fixation system, characterized in that: It comprises a bone fracture plate and a pressurizing tool, wherein the bone fracture plate is provided with a connection hole connected to the bone, and the bone fracture plate is provided with a first limiting groove; It also includes a U-shaped nail body, which is inserted into the first limiting groove; The U-shaped nail body is provided with a stop shoulder, and the first stop groove is provided with a stop block abutting against the stop shoulder; The bone fracture plate is a pressure plate, the first limiting groove is arranged on the pressure plate, a pressure section is arranged on the side wall of the limiting groove, when the pressure section receives pressure along the width direction of the pressure plate, the length of the pressure plate increases, and the pressure section is made of memory alloy; The pressurizing tool comprises a first positioning block and a second positioning block, the first positioning block and the second positioning block are both inserted in the first limiting groove; a fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the first positioning block facing the second positioning block, and a sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the second positioning block facing the first positioning block, the sliding sleeve is inserted in the fixed sleeve, and a compression spring is provided between the sliding sleeve and the fixed sleeve; a first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the first positioning block, and a second connecting rod is hinged at one end of the first connecting rod away from the first positioning block, a sliding rod is fixed on the second positioning block, and a sliding groove is opened on the second connecting rod along its own length direction, and the sliding rod is located in the sliding groove; when the first positioning block and the second positioning block are inserted into the first limiting groove, the first positioning block and the second positioning block abut against the limiting block; the compression spring facilitates the first positioning block and The second positioning blocks move back to back, so that the first positioning block and the second positioning block are tightly pressed against the first limiting groove; a clamping bolt is rotatably connected to the fixed sleeve, and clamping blocks are threadedly connected to both ends of the clamping bolt. The rotation directions of the two clamping blocks are opposite, and second arc surfaces are provided on the opposite side walls of the two clamping blocks for abutting against the pressurizing section; a guide shaft is also fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve along the width direction of the first limiting groove, and the guide shaft passes through the two clamping blocks at the same time; a support plate is fixed to the first connecting rod, and a first transmission wheel is rotatably connected to the support plate, and a second transmission wheel is coaxially fixed to the clamping bolt, and the same transmission rope is sleeved between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, and the transmission of the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel is realized by the transmission rope, and a toggle wheel is coaxially fixed to the first transmission wheel.

2. The small joint elastic fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped staple body comprises a bridging portion and a leg portion connected to the bridging portion, and an anti-twist sheet is provided on the bridging portion.

3. The small joint elastic fixation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide surface is provided at one end of the anti-twist sheet away from the bridging portion.

4. The small joint elastic fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bone plate is a fixing plate, the first limiting groove is arranged on the fixing plate, and the fixing plate is made of titanium alloy.

5. The small joint elastic fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spreading tool, which includes a holding block and a spreading bolt. The holding block is threadedly connected to the spreading bolt. The holding block is provided with two slots for the shoulder to be inserted into. The end of the spreading bolt abuts against the end of the bridging part away from the leg.

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