Sand and dust collection device

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust collection device, including a collection box with an air duct opening at the top and a lower ventilation pipe at the top, the bottom of which connects to the air duct opening. An upper ventilation pipe is detachably connected to the top of the lower ventilation pipe, and a bearing is mounted on the top of the upper ventilation pipe, on which a collection head is installed. Both the upper and lower ventilation pipes are equipped with fixing cables. A settling chamber is located inside the collection box, with the air duct opening corresponding to the settling chamber. A dust collection mechanism is also located inside the collection box, corresponding to the settling chamber. This invention can collect dust data above PM2.5, filling the gap in existing sand collection equipment that can collect sand but not dust during dust storms. It can also compensate for the shortcomings of TSP (Total Sedimentary Particle Storage) in terms of low dust collection volume and short observation time, thus improving dust collection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of collection device technology, and in particular to a sand and dust collection device. Background Technology

[0002] Sandstorms pose a significant threat to nature, particularly to the environment and human health. Researchers worldwide are working tirelessly on the front lines of sandstorm control, investing substantial human and material resources in the research and management of sandstorm formation, trajectory, and hazards, achieving notable results. However, with the deteriorating climate and environment, the harm caused by sandstorms is becoming increasingly severe. Therefore, research on sandstorms must be intensified, and strong measures must be taken.

[0003] In real-world working environments, experts in wind and sand control typically use sand collectors to collect windblown dust particles from airflows to study wind and sand control measures. They then analyze the collected dust particles to determine their quantity, size, and other characteristics. However, existing sand collectors suffer from limitations in collecting small amounts of dust from the surface during sandstorms, and the observation time is short. This makes it impossible to test the physicochemical properties of the collected dust particles, such as salinity and particle size, thus affecting research on wind and sand control. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dust collection device to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sand and dust collection device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a sand and dust collection device, including a collection box, an air duct opening at the top of the collection box, a lower ventilation pipe at the top of the collection box, the bottom end of the lower ventilation pipe communicating with the air duct opening, an upper ventilation pipe detachably connected to the top of the lower ventilation pipe, a bearing at the top of the upper ventilation pipe, a collection head mounted on the bearing, a fixing wire on both the upper and lower ventilation pipes, a settling chamber inside the collection box, the air duct opening corresponding to the settling chamber, and a sand and dust collection mechanism inside the collection box, the sand and dust collection mechanism corresponding to the settling chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the dust collection mechanism includes a ventilation duct fixedly connected inside the collection box, one end of the ventilation duct being connected to the settling chamber, a through hole being provided on the side of the collection box away from the settling chamber, the other end of the ventilation duct being connected to the through hole, a fan being fixedly connected inside the through hole, a transmission box being provided inside the collection box, the fan being drivenly connected to the transmission box, and a filter mechanism being provided inside the ventilation duct, the filter mechanism being located between the fan and the settling chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the filtration mechanism includes a drive box fixedly connected inside the ventilation duct. A first drive plate and a second drive plate are slidably connected to the drive box. The first drive plate and the second drive plate are arranged perpendicularly. A drive component is provided inside the drive box. One end of the first drive plate and one end of the second drive plate extend into the drive box and are connected to the drive component for transmission. A first filter element is provided on the first drive plate, and a second filter element is provided on the second drive plate. Both the first filter element and the second filter element are connected to the inside of the ventilation duct for transmission.

[0008] Preferably, the first filter element includes a plurality of inclined first filter screens, all of which are arranged in parallel, with equal spacing between adjacent first filter screens. The bottom end of the first filter screen is hinged to the inner wall of the ventilation duct, and the top end of the first filter screen is hinged to a first connecting plate. A plurality of first elongated holes are provided on the first drive plate, and the first connecting plate is slidably connected to the first drive plate through the first elongated holes.

[0009] Preferably, the second filter element includes a second filter screen with one end hinged to the inner wall of the ventilation duct, a second connecting plate hinged to the other end of the second filter screen, a second elongated hole provided on the second drive plate, and the second filter screen being slidably connected to the second drive plate through the second elongated hole.

[0010] Preferably, the driving component includes a motor fixedly connected inside the driving housing, a cam fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a first driving block fixedly connected to one end of the first driving plate inside the driving housing, a second driving block fixedly connected to one end of the second driving plate inside the driving housing, a gap between the first driving block and the second driving block, both the first driving block and the second driving block abutting against the cam, and a plurality of first springs fixedly connected to both the first driving block and the second driving block, the other end of the first springs being fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the driving housing.

[0011] Preferably, a first limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting plate, and a plurality of second springs are provided between the first limiting plate and the first driving plate. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first limiting plate, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the first driving plate.

[0012] Preferably, a second limiting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the second connecting plate away from the second filter screen, and a plurality of third springs are provided between the second limiting plate and the second driving plate. One end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the second limiting plate, and the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the second driving plate.

[0013] Preferably, the collection box is provided with a collection trough, and the ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of collection holes, the collection holes being provided in correspondence with the collection trough, and the first filter screen and the second filter screen being provided in correspondence with the collection holes.

[0014] Preferably, two sealing plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the ventilation duct away from the drive box, and the first drive plate and the second drive plate slide in contact with the two sealing plates respectively.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0016] 1. This invention enables the collection of dust particles larger than PM2.5, filling the gap in existing sand collection equipment that can collect sand but not dust during sandstorms. It also makes up for the shortcomings of TSP (Total Suspended Particulate Matter) in terms of small dust collection volume and short observation time, and solves the problem that the physicochemical properties of dust, such as salinity and particle size, cannot be tested due to the small amount of dust collected.

[0017] 2. By setting up a fan and ventilation ducts, this invention achieves consistent wind speed inside and outside the collection box, thereby improving the amount and efficiency of sand and dust collection.

[0018] 3. By setting up several filter screens, the present invention achieves the filtration and collection of sand and dust inside the collection box, preventing the collected sand and dust from escaping and further improving the collection efficiency of sand and dust.

[0019] 4. By setting up a filtration mechanism, this invention realizes the filtration and collection of sand and dust and the automatic cleaning of the filter screen, avoiding the blockage caused by sand and dust adsorbing onto the filter screen during the collection process, ensuring the airflow rate inside and outside the device, and further ensuring the efficiency of the device in collecting sand and dust. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the collection device structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of wind direction flow according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collection box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collection box in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the solar panel structure of the present invention;

[0029] The components include: 1. Collection box; 2. Air duct opening; 3. Lower ventilation pipe; 4. Upper ventilation pipe; 5. Bearing; 6. Collection head; 7. Fixing cable; 8. Settling chamber; 9. Ventilation duct; 10. Through hole; 11. Fan; 12. Transmission box; 13. Drive box; 14. First drive plate; 15. Second drive plate; 16. First filter screen; 17. First connecting plate; 18. Second filter screen; 19. Second connecting plate; 20. Motor; 1. Cam; 22. First drive block; 23. Second drive block; 24. First spring; 25. First limiting plate; 26. Second spring; 27. Second limiting plate; 28. Third spring; 29. ​​Collection groove; 30. Collection hole; 31. Sealing plate; 32. Clamp; 33. Toolbox; 34. Fan; 35. Solar panel; 36. Battery; 37. Distribution box; 38. Sensor; 39. Ion generator; 40. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] refer to Figure 1-6Example 1: This invention provides a dust collection device, including a collection box 1. The top of the collection box 1 has an air duct 2. The top of the collection box 1 is detachably connected to a lower ventilation pipe 3 via a flange. The height of the device can be adjusted by installing different numbers of lower ventilation pipes 3 to meet testing or monitoring requirements. The bottom end of the lower ventilation pipe 3 is connected to the air duct 2. The top end of the lower ventilation pipe 3 is detachably connected to an upper ventilation pipe 4 via a flange. The top end of the upper ventilation pipe 4 is provided with a bearing 5. A collection head 6 is installed on the bearing 5. Both the upper ventilation pipe 4 and the lower ventilation pipe 3 are provided with fixing wires 7. The fixing wires 7 are connected to the ground via ground stakes to ensure the stability of the device and prevent the device from moving when the wind is strong. A settling chamber 8 is provided inside the collection box 1. The air duct 2 is correspondingly arranged with the settling chamber 8. A dust collection mechanism is provided inside the collection box 1. The dust collection mechanism is correspondingly arranged with the settling chamber 8.

[0033] To further optimize the design, and to facilitate the replacement of different models of the sampling head 6, the connection between the upper ventilation pipe 4 and the sampling head 6 is fixed with a clamp 32, so that different models of the sampling head 6 can be replaced.

[0034] To further optimize the scheme and improve the dust collection efficiency, the dust collection mechanism includes a ventilation duct 9 fixedly connected inside the collection box 1. One end of the ventilation duct 9 is connected to the settling chamber 8. A through hole 10 is opened on the side of the collection box 1 away from the settling chamber 8. The other end of the ventilation duct 9 is connected to the through hole 10. A fan 11 is fixedly connected inside the through hole 10. A transmission box 12 is installed inside the collection box 1. The fan 11 is connected to the transmission box 12. A filter mechanism is installed inside the ventilation duct 9. The filter mechanism is located between the fan 11 and the settling chamber 8. The fan 11 is used to exhaust the air inside the collection box 1, ensuring that the wind and sand flow velocity at the air inlet is consistent with the outside environment, thereby improving the dust collection efficiency. In order to adjust the wind speed of the fan 11, a fan 34 is installed at the top of the collection box 1. The fan 11 operates through the external fan 34 via the transmission box 12 using a mechanical transmission method to coordinate the wind speed inside and outside the device.

[0035] To further optimize the scheme and prevent the escape of collected sand and dust, the filtration mechanism includes a drive box 13 fixedly connected inside the ventilation duct 9. A first drive plate 14 and a second drive plate 15 are slidably connected to the drive box 13. The first drive plate 14 and the second drive plate 15 are arranged perpendicularly. A drive component is provided inside the drive box 13. One end of the first drive plate 14 and one end of the second drive plate 15 extend into the drive box 13 and are connected to the drive component for transmission. A first filter element is provided on the first drive plate 14, and a second filter element is provided on the second drive plate 15. Both the first filter element and the second filter element are connected to the inside of the ventilation duct 9 for transmission.

[0036] To further optimize the scheme, in order to filter the sand and dust inside the collection box 1, the first filter element includes several inclined first filter screens 16. Different specifications of filter membranes are selected according to the particle size of the collected sand and dust particles to filter sand and dust particles of different sizes. The several first filter screens 16 are arranged in parallel, and the distance between two adjacent first filter screens 16 is equal. The bottom end of the first filter screen 16 is hinged to the inner wall of the ventilation duct 9, and the top end of the first filter screen 16 is hinged to a first connecting plate 17. Several first elongated holes are opened on the first drive plate 14, and the first connecting plate 17 is slidably connected to the first drive plate 14 through the first elongated holes.

[0037] To further optimize the solution and ensure the filtration effect, the second filter element includes a second filter screen 18 with one end hinged to the inner wall of the ventilation duct 9, and a second connecting plate 19 hinged to the other end of the second filter screen 18. A second elongated hole is provided on the second drive plate 15, and the second filter screen 18 is slidably connected to the second drive plate 15 through the second elongated hole.

[0038] To further optimize the scheme and achieve synchronous driving of the first filter screen 16 and the second filter screen 18, the driving component includes a motor 20 fixedly connected in the drive box 13, a cam 21 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 20, a first drive block 22 fixedly connected to one end of the first drive plate 14 located in the drive box 13, a second drive block 23 fixedly connected to one end of the second drive plate 15 located in the drive box 13, a gap being provided between the first drive block 22 and the second drive block 23, both the first drive block 22 and the second drive block 23 abutting against the cam 21, and several first springs 24 fixedly connected to both the first drive block 22 and the second drive block 23, the other end of the first spring 24 being fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drive box 13.

[0039] To further optimize the scheme, in order to ensure the stable sliding of the first connecting plate 17 when the first driving plate 14 moves, a first limiting plate 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting plate 17. A plurality of second springs 26 are provided between the first limiting plate 25 and the first driving plate 14. One end of the second spring 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first limiting plate 25, and the other end of the second spring 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the first driving plate 14.

[0040] To further optimize the scheme and ensure the sieving and filtering effect of the second filter screen 18 and the permeability of the ventilation duct 9, a second limiting plate 27 is fixedly connected to the end of the second connecting plate 19 away from the second filter screen 18. Several third springs 28 are provided between the second limiting plate 27 and the second driving plate 15. One end of the third spring 28 is fixedly connected to the second limiting plate 27, and the other end of the third spring 28 is fixedly connected to the second driving plate 15. The second filter screen 18 performs vibration sieving and filtering of sand and dust.

[0041] To further optimize the scheme, in order to collect filtered sand and dust, a collection tank 29 is set inside the collection box 1, and several collection holes 30 are opened on the ventilation duct 9. The collection holes 30 are set in correspondence with the collection tank 29. The first filter screen 16 and the second filter screen 18 are both set in correspondence with the collection holes 30. At the same time, in order to achieve a separate screening and filtration collection effect, several collection areas can be set in the collection tank 29 to collect different filters.

[0042] To further optimize the scheme, in order to ensure the connectivity of the ventilation duct 9 during collection and to prevent sand and dust from entering the gap between the first drive plate 14, the second drive plate 15 and the ventilation duct 9, two sealing plates 31 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the ventilation duct 9 away from the drive box 13, and the first drive plate 14 and the second drive plate 15 slide in contact with the two sealing plates 31 respectively.

[0043] To further optimize the design and facilitate the maintenance and repair of the device, a toolbox 33 is installed inside the collection box 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, the dust particles in the collection box 1 are collected by mechanical sedimentation.

[0045] When external air enters the collection box 1, the wind speed gradually decreases, causing the sand and dust particles carried by the wind to become supersaturated. This results in some sand and dust particles settling in the settling chamber 8. The external air then passes through the ventilation duct 9 equipped with a filter. Different filter membranes of varying sizes are selected based on the particle size of the collected sand and dust particles, thus filtering particles of different sizes. A fan 34 is installed at the top of the collection box 1. The fan 11 operates mechanically via the external fan 34 and the transmission box 12, coordinating the wind speed inside and outside the device to improve the sand and dust particle collection efficiency. During the sand and dust collection process, as the collection progresses, the sand and dust will adhere to several of the first-stage... On the filter screen 16, the cam 21 rotates via the motor 20, which causes the first drive plate 14 to move horizontally and repeatedly. When the first drive plate 14 moves, it drives the first connecting plate 17 to move vertically, thereby causing the hinged first filter screens 16 to vibrate, removing sand and dust and ensuring the permeability of the ventilation duct 9. At the same time, the cam 21 rotates, causing the second drive plate 15 to move vertically. When the second drive plate 15 moves, it drives the second connecting plate 19 to move horizontally, causing the second filter screen 18 to vibrate and removing the sand and dust adsorbed on the second filter screen 18. The first filter screen 16 and the second filter screen 18 ensure the permeability of the ventilation duct 9, further ensuring the synchronization of wind speed inside and outside the device and improving the sand and dust collection efficiency.

[0046] refer to Figure 7-8Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that a solar panel 35 is installed at the top of the collection box 1. The collection box 1 contains a battery 36, a power distribution box 37, a sensor 38, an ion generator 39, and a controller 40. The detection ends of the sensor 38 and the ion generator 39 extend into the settling chamber 8. The solar panel 35 supplies power to the battery 36. The battery 36 is replaced periodically. The power distribution box 37 outputs the power from the battery 36 to the controller 40. The controller 40 drives the fan 11, the sensor 38, and the ion generator 39 to work.

[0047] This embodiment adopts an electric sedimentation / collection method. During operation, the dust particles in the incoming air entering through the air duct 2 carry different charges. The ion generator 39 is used to adsorb the charged dust particles around the ion emission probe on the ion generator 39. The sensor 38 can monitor the wind speed and wind pressure in the sedimentation chamber 8 in real time. The controller 40 adjusts the speed of the fan 11 to coordinate the wind speed inside and outside the device to improve the overall dust collection efficiency of the device.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand and dust collection device, characterized in that, The system includes a collection box (1), a duct opening (2) at the top of the collection box (1), a lower ventilation pipe (3) at the top of the collection box (1), the bottom end of the lower ventilation pipe (3) being connected to the duct opening (2), an upper ventilation pipe (4) being detachably connected to the top of the lower ventilation pipe (3), a bearing (5) at the top of the upper ventilation pipe (4), a collection head (6) being installed on the bearing (5), a fixing pull wire (7) being installed on both the upper ventilation pipe (4) and the lower ventilation pipe (3), a settling chamber (8) being provided inside the collection box (1), the duct opening (2) being correspondingly provided to the settling chamber (8), and a sand and dust collection mechanism being provided inside the collection box (1), the sand and dust collection mechanism being correspondingly provided to the settling chamber (8). The dust collection mechanism includes a ventilation duct (9) fixedly connected inside the collection box (1). One end of the ventilation duct (9) is connected to the settling chamber (8). A through hole (10) is provided on the side of the collection box (1) away from the settling chamber (8). The other end of the ventilation duct (9) is connected to the through hole (10). A fan (11) is fixedly connected inside the through hole (10). A transmission box (12) is provided inside the collection box (1). The fan (11) is connected to the transmission box (12). A filter mechanism is provided inside the ventilation duct (9). The filter mechanism is located between the fan (11) and the settling chamber (8). The filter mechanism includes a fixed... A drive box (13) is fixedly connected inside the ventilation duct (9). A first drive plate (14) and a second drive plate (15) are slidably connected to the drive box (13). The first drive plate (14) and the second drive plate (15) are arranged perpendicularly. A drive component is provided inside the drive box (13). One end of the first drive plate (14) and one end of the second drive plate (15) extend into the drive box (13) and are connected to the drive component. A first filter is provided on the first drive plate (14), and a second filter is provided on the second drive plate (15). Both the first filter and the second filter are connected to the inside of the ventilation duct (9).

2. The sand and dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first filter element includes a plurality of inclined first filter screens (16), all of which are arranged in parallel. The spacing between two adjacent first filter screens (16) is equal. The bottom end of the first filter screen (16) is hinged to the inner wall of the ventilation duct (9). The top end of the first filter screen (16) is hinged to a first connecting plate (17). The first drive plate (14) has a plurality of first elongated holes. The first connecting plate (17) is slidably connected to the first drive plate (14) through the first elongated holes.

3. The sand and dust collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second filter element includes a second filter screen (18) with one end hinged to the inner wall of the ventilation duct (9), and a second connecting plate (19) hinged to the other end of the second filter screen (18). A second elongated hole is provided on the second drive plate (15), and the second filter screen (18) is slidably connected to the second drive plate (15) through the second elongated hole.

4. A sand and dust collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component includes a motor (20) fixedly connected inside the drive housing (13). A cam (21) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (20). A first drive block (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the first drive plate (14) inside the drive housing (13). A second drive block (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive plate (15) inside the drive housing (13). A gap is provided between the first drive block (22) and the second drive block (23). Both the first drive block (22) and the second drive block (23) abut against the cam (21). Several first springs (24) are fixedly connected to both the first drive block (22) and the second drive block (23). The other end of the first spring (24) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drive housing (13).

5. A sand and dust collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first limiting plate (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting plate (17). A plurality of second springs (26) are provided between the first limiting plate (25) and the first driving plate (14). One end of the second spring (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first limiting plate (25), and the other end of the second spring (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the first driving plate (14).

6. A sand and dust collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second limiting plate (27) is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting plate (19) away from the second filter screen (18). A plurality of third springs (28) are provided between the second limiting plate (27) and the second driving plate (15). One end of the third spring (28) is fixedly connected to the second limiting plate (27), and the other end of the third spring (28) is fixedly connected to the second driving plate (15).

7. A sand and dust collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collection box (1) is provided with a collection trough (29), and the ventilation duct (9) is provided with a plurality of collection holes (30). The collection holes (30) are provided in correspondence with the collection trough (29), and the first filter screen (16) and the second filter screen (18) are provided in correspondence with the collection holes (30).

8. A sand and dust collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sealing plates (31) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the ventilation duct (9) away from the drive box (13), and the first drive plate (14) and the second drive plate (15) slide in contact with the two sealing plates (31) respectively.

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