Load balancing method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure proposes a load balancing method, a load balancing device and a storage medium, which relate to the field of mobile communications. The load balancing method is based on the load situation of the cell. When load balancing is required, the load balancing method combines the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency during space division multiplexing or the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency, and preferentially selects the terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell for load balancing switching, so as to give full play to the gain brought by 5G large-scale antenna technology in the process of load balancing and maximize the network spectrum efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to a load balancing method, a load balancing device and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] 5G (5th Generation Mobile Network) introduces massive antenna technology, which can multiply the capacity performance of the network through space division multiplexing. One of the main features of 5G is high spectrum efficiency. For example, the TDD (Time-division Duplex) device of 5G 64TRX (transceiver) can support up to 16 streams, while the number of transmit and receive antennas of 4G (4th Generation Mobile Network) TDD devices is relatively small, and the effect of MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) is average, and the improvement of network capacity is limited. Therefore, in the 4G era, the main load balancing strategies between carriers include control channel-based, PRB resource utilization-based and other strategies. The implementation of these strategies does not take into account the situation after the introduction of massive antennas, and the application effect in 5G is not good, and the characteristics of high spectrum efficiency of 5G networks cannot be fully utilized. Summary of the invention

[0003] According to the load situation of the cell, when load balancing is needed, the embodiment of the present disclosure combines the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency during space division multiplexing or the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency, and preferentially selects terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell for load balancing switching. In the process of load balancing, the gain brought by 5G large-scale antenna technology is fully utilized to maximize the network spectrum efficiency.

[0004] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a load balancing method, including:

[0005] Obtain the physical resource block (PRB) load ratio of the cell;

[0006] According to the pairing status of the terminal users in the cell, the terminal users are divided into unpaired terminal users and paired terminal users, wherein the paired terminal users can share channel resources through space division multiplexing;

[0007] Calculate the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency;

[0008] Calculate the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency;

[0009] According to the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factor and the expected contribution factor, terminal users with low contribution factor or expected contribution factor in the cell are preferentially selected for load balancing switching.

[0010] In some embodiments, based on sharing part or all of the channel resources, paired terminal users are divided into partially paired terminal users and fully paired terminal users.

[0011] In some embodiments, calculating the contribution factor of paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency includes: calculating the contribution factor of paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency based on the rate influencing factors and the pairing rate of the paired terminal users, wherein the pairing rate of fully paired terminal users is greater than the pairing rate of partially paired terminal users.

[0012] In some embodiments, calculating the contribution factor of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency includes: multiplying the rate impact factor of the paired terminal user by the pairing rate to obtain a result as the contribution factor of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rate influencing factors include one or more of the number of service flows, the modulation order, and the coding rate.

[0014] In some embodiments, calculating the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency includes: multiplying the number of service flows, modulation order, coding rate, and pairing rate of the paired terminal users in sequence, and obtaining the result as the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pairing rate of partially paired terminal users is determined according to the ratio of the shared bandwidth to the standard bandwidth between the partially paired terminal users. The higher the ratio, the greater the corresponding pairing rate.

[0016] In some embodiments, calculating the expected contribution factor of an unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency includes: calculating the expected contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located to the cell spectrum efficiency based on the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located and the historical average contribution factor of the grid, as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency, wherein the network coverage range of the cell is gridded to obtain multiple grids of the cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, calculating the expected contribution factor of an unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency includes: multiplying the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located by the historical average contribution factor of the grid, and obtaining the result as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments, the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located is determined according to the quotient of the number of terminal users historically paired with the grid and the number of terminal users historically accessing the grid.

[0019] In some embodiments, the historical average contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal users are located is determined according to the quotient of the sum of the average contribution factors of all historically paired terminal users in the grid and the number of historically paired terminal users in the grid.

[0020] In some embodiments, based on the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factor and the expected contribution factor, terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell are preferentially selected for load balancing switching, including: when the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the first threshold and not higher than the second threshold, the contribution factors of the paired terminal users and the expected contribution factors of the unpaired terminal users are sorted and compared together, and load balancing switching is performed starting from the terminal user with the lowest factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is no higher than the first threshold.

[0021] In some embodiments, based on the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factor and the expected contribution factor, terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell are preferentially selected for load balancing switching, including: when the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the second threshold, the expected contribution factors of unpaired terminal users are preferentially sorted and compared, and load balancing switching is performed starting from the terminal user with the lowest expected contribution factor until the PRB load rate of the cell is no higher than the second threshold.

[0022] In some embodiments, if the PRB load rate of the cell is still higher than the second threshold after all unpaired terminal users have undergone load balancing switching, the contribution factors of the paired terminal users are ranked and compared, and load balancing switching is performed starting from the terminal user with the lowest contribution factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is no higher than the second threshold.

[0023] In some embodiments, the load balancing switching includes switching the selected terminal user from a current cell to another cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cell is a cell where a massive antenna is deployed.

[0025] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a load balancing device, including:

[0026] An acquisition module is configured to acquire a physical resource block (PRB) load rate of a cell;

[0027] A division module is configured to divide the terminal users into unpaired terminal users and paired terminal users according to the pairing status of the terminal users in the cell, wherein the paired multiple terminal users can share channel resources through space division multiplexing;

[0028] A contribution factor calculation module, configured to calculate a contribution factor of a paired terminal user to a cell spectrum efficiency;

[0029] An expected contribution factor calculation module is configured to calculate an expected contribution factor of an unpaired terminal user to a cell spectrum efficiency;

[0030] The load balancing module is configured to preferentially select terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell for load balancing switching according to the PRB load rate of the cell and one or more of the contribution factors and expected contribution factors.

[0031] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a load balancing device, comprising: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a load balancing method based on instructions stored in the memory.

[0032] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a base station.

[0033] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of a load balancing method when executed by a processor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. The present disclosure can be more clearly understood according to the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

[0035] Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a load balancing method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

[0037] Figure 2 A rasterized schematic diagram showing the cell network coverage of some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing expected pairing probabilities of a grid according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a load balancing device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a load balancing device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, descriptions such as “first” and “second” in the present disclosure are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to indicate meanings such as size or time sequence.

[0043] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a load balancing method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the load balancing method of this embodiment includes:

[0045] In step 110, the base station obtains the load condition of the cell, such as the PRB (Physical Resource Block) load rate, and triggers the load balancing mechanism when load balancing is required, for example, if the PRB load rate is higher than a first threshold T1.

[0046] Among them, the cell is a cell where large-scale antennas are deployed, multiple terminal users are paired, and time and frequency resources are shared through space division multiplexing to improve the capacity performance of the network.

[0047] In step 120, the base station obtains the pairing status of the terminal users in the cell. According to the pairing status of the terminal users, the terminal users can be divided into unpaired terminal users and paired terminal users. According to sharing part or all of the channel resources, the paired terminal users are divided into partially paired terminal users and fully paired terminal users.

[0048] Among them, multiple paired terminal users can share channel resources through space division multiplexing, and multiple unpaired terminal users cannot share channel resources through space division multiplexing. If multiple paired terminal users share all channel resources, these terminal users are called fully paired terminal users. If multiple paired terminal users share part of the channel resources, these terminal users are called partially paired terminal users.

[0049] In step 130, for paired terminal users (including partially paired terminal users and fully paired terminal users), the base station calculates their contribution factor X to the cell spectrum efficiency. The smaller the contribution factor X is, the smaller the contribution of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency is.

[0050] The base station calculates the contribution factor X of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency based on the rate influencing factors such as the number of service flows Rank, modulation order, code rate CodeRate and the pairing rate of the terminal user. The calculation method is: the result obtained by multiplying the rate influencing factor of the paired terminal user by the pairing rate is used as the contribution factor of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency. For example, the result obtained by multiplying the number of service flows, modulation order, code rate and pairing rate of the paired terminal user in sequence is used as the contribution factor of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency. Among them, the pairing rate of fully paired terminal users is greater than the pairing rate of partially paired terminal users.

[0051] The calculation formula is, for example, X=Rank×Modulation order×Code Rate×pairing rate. For fully paired terminal users, the pairing rate is, for example, set to 1; for partially paired terminal users, the pairing rate is, for example, set between the interval (0, 1), and can be determined based on the ratio information of the shared bandwidth to the standard bandwidth of the partially paired terminal users. If the ratio of the shared bandwidth to the standard bandwidth of the partially paired terminal users is higher, the corresponding pairing rate is higher. For example, if the standard bandwidth of the terminal user is 10M, and the shared bandwidth of the paired terminal user 1 and terminal user 2 is 5M, then the pairing rate of terminal user 1 and terminal user 2 is 0.5; Rank is the number of service flows of the terminal user, Modulation order is the modulation order, and Coderate is the coding rate. This information is contained in DCI (Downlink Control Information) or RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages and can be obtained from these messages.

[0052] In step 140, for the unpaired terminal users, the base station calculates their expected contribution factor Y to the cell spectrum efficiency. The smaller the expected contribution factor Y is, the smaller the expected contribution of the unpaired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency is.

[0053] The base station calculates the expected contribution factor Y of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located to the cell spectrum efficiency according to the expected pairing probability P of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located and the historical average contribution factor Xn of the grid, as the expected contribution factor Y of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency. The calculation formula is, for example, Y=expected pairing probability P×historical average contribution factor Xn.

[0054] In order to obtain the expected contribution factor Y, the base station needs to add a database system. First, the network coverage of the cell is gridded, referring to the schematic diagram. Figure 2The number of grids (a×b) can be determined according to the coverage radius of the cell or determined by the user. a and b represent the number of grids in the horizontal and vertical directions of the cell, respectively. In order to obtain a better evaluation effect, the number of grids needs to be as large as possible. The base station needs to collect the information of historical terminal users in each grid in different areas, such as the number of terminal users n1 accessed, the number of paired terminal users n2, and the average contribution factor Xk of paired terminal user k. Based on the positioning function of the base station and the terminal, such as the positioning technology defined by GPS (Global Position System) or 3GPP standards, the information of these historical terminal users can be obtained.

[0055] After the base station collects this information, it calculates the expected pairing probability P of each grid. Figure 3 , P(i,j) = the number of terminal users historically paired with the grid (i,j) n2 / the number of terminal users historically accessed by the grid (i,j) n1, the probability P can be updated at every interval T. At the same time, the historical average contribution factor Xn of the grid (i,j) is calculated, Xn = sum(X1,…,X k ,…,Xn2) / the number of terminal users n2 with historical pairings in the grid (i,j). Where sum represents the average contribution factor X to all historically paired terminal users k in the grid (i,j). k Perform the summation, k∈[1,n2].

[0056] In step 150, according to the PRB load rate of the cell, when load balancing is required, terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell are preferentially selected for load balancing switching in combination with one or more of the contribution factors and the expected contribution factors.

[0057] When the base station finds that the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the first threshold T1 and not higher than the second threshold T2, the contribution factor X of the paired terminal user and the expected contribution factor Y of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located are ranked and compared, and load balancing switching is performed from the terminal user with the lowest factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is not higher than the first threshold T1. The load balancing switching of the terminal user, for example, switches the terminal user from the current cell to another cell.

[0058] When the base station finds that the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the second threshold T2, the unpaired terminal users are preferentially switched for load balancing, that is, the expected contribution factors Y of these unpaired terminal users are sorted and compared, and load balancing switching is performed from the terminal user with the lowest expected contribution factor Y until the PRB load rate of the cell is not higher than the second threshold. If the PRB load rate of the cell is still higher than the second threshold T2 after all unpaired terminal users have been load balanced, the contribution factors X of the paired terminal users are sorted and compared, and load balancing switching is performed from the terminal user with the lowest contribution factor X until the PRB load rate of the cell is not higher than the second threshold. Among them, load balancing switching of terminal users, for example, switching the terminal user from the current cell to another cell.

[0059] According to the load situation of the cell, when load balancing is needed, combined with the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency during space division multiplexing or the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency, the terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell are preferentially selected for load balancing switching, and the gains brought by 5G large-scale antenna technology are fully utilized in the process of load balancing to maximize the network spectrum efficiency. In addition, there is no need to change the hardware, the base station only needs to add the algorithm function and database system of the software, and the information required by the algorithm is easy to obtain.

[0060] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a load balancing device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The device includes a base station.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the load balancing device 400 of this embodiment includes:

[0062] The acquisition module 410 is configured to acquire a physical resource block (PRB) load rate of a cell.

[0063] The division module 420 is configured to divide the terminal users into unpaired terminal users and paired terminal users according to the pairing status of the terminal users in the cell, wherein the paired terminal users can share channel resources through space division multiplexing; and according to sharing part or all of the channel resources, the paired terminal users are divided into partially paired terminal users and fully paired terminal users.

[0064] The contribution factor calculation module 430 is configured to calculate the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency. According to the rate influencing factors and the pairing rate of the paired terminal users, the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency is calculated, wherein the pairing rate of the fully paired terminal users is greater than the pairing rate of the partially paired terminal users. The result obtained by multiplying the rate influencing factors of the paired terminal users by the pairing rate is used as the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency. The rate influencing factors include one or more of the number of service flows, the modulation order, and the coding rate. The result obtained by multiplying the number of service flows, the modulation order, the coding rate, and the pairing rate of the paired terminal users in sequence is used as the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency. The pairing rate of the partially paired terminal users is determined according to the ratio of the shared bandwidth to the standard bandwidth between the partially paired multiple terminal users. The higher the ratio, the greater the corresponding pairing rate.

[0065] The expected contribution factor calculation module 440 is configured to calculate the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency. According to the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located and the historical average contribution factor of the grid, the expected contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located to the cell spectrum efficiency is calculated as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency, wherein the network coverage of the cell is gridded to obtain multiple grids of the cell. The result obtained by multiplying the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located by the historical average contribution factor of the grid is used as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency. The expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located is determined according to the quotient of the number of terminal users historically paired in the grid and the number of terminal users historically accessed in the grid. The historical average contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located is determined according to the quotient of the sum of the average contribution factors of all historically paired terminal users in the grid and the number of historically paired terminal users in the grid.

[0066] The load balancing module 450 is configured to preferentially select terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell for load balancing switching according to the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factors and the expected contribution factors. When the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the first threshold and not higher than the second threshold, the contribution factors of the paired terminal users and the expected contribution factors of the unpaired terminal users are sorted and compared together, and load balancing switching is performed from the terminal user with the lowest factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is not higher than the first threshold. When the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the second threshold, the expected contribution factors of the unpaired terminal users are preferentially sorted and compared, and load balancing switching is performed from the terminal user with the lowest expected contribution factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is not higher than the second threshold. If the unpaired terminal users have all been load-balanced switched, and the PRB load rate of the cell is still higher than the second threshold, the contribution factors of the paired terminal users are sorted and compared, and load balancing switching is performed from the terminal user with the lowest contribution factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is not higher than the second threshold. The load balancing switching includes switching the selected terminal user from the current cell to another cell.

[0067] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a load balancing device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The device includes a base station.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, the load balancing device 500 of this embodiment includes: a memory 510 and a processor 520 coupled to the memory 510 , and the processor 520 is configured to execute the load balancing method in any of the aforementioned embodiments based on instructions stored in the memory 510 .

[0069] The memory 510 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed non-volatile storage medium, etc. The system memory may store, for example, an operating system, an application program, a boot loader, and other programs.

[0070] The processor 520 may be implemented by a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistors and other discrete hardware components.

[0071] The device 500 may also include an input / output interface 530, a network interface 540, a storage interface 550, etc. These interfaces 530, 540, 550 and the memory 510 and the processor 520 may be connected, for example, via a bus 560. Among them, the input / output interface 530 provides a connection interface for input / output devices such as a display, a mouse, a keyboard, and a touch screen. The network interface 540 provides a connection interface for various networked devices. The storage interface 550 provides a connection interface for external storage devices such as SD cards and USB flash drives. The bus 560 may use any of a variety of bus structures. For example, the bus structure includes, but is not limited to, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, and a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0072] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the load balancing method of each embodiment when the program is executed by a processor.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present disclosure may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more non-transient computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer program code.

[0074] The present disclosure is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0075] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0076] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A load balancing method, characterized in that: include: Obtain the physical resource block (PRB) load ratio of the cell; According to the pairing status of the terminal users in the cell, the terminal users are divided into unpaired terminal users and paired terminal users, wherein the paired terminal users can share channel resources through space division multiplexing; Calculating the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency, including: calculating the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency according to the rate influencing factor and the pairing rate of the paired terminal users, wherein the pairing rate of fully paired terminal users is greater than the pairing rate of partially paired terminal users; Calculating the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency, including: calculating the expected contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located to the cell spectrum efficiency according to the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located and the historical average contribution factor of the grid, as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency, wherein the network coverage of the cell is gridded to obtain multiple grids of the cell, and the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located is determined according to the quotient of the number of terminal users historically paired with the grid and the number of terminal users historically accessing the grid; According to the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factor and the expected contribution factor, terminal users with low contribution factor or expected contribution factor in the cell are preferentially selected for load balancing switching.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that According to sharing part or all of the channel resources, paired terminal users are divided into partially paired terminal users and fully paired terminal users.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The contribution factors of the paired end users to the cell spectrum efficiency include: A result obtained by multiplying the rate impact factor of the paired terminal user by the pairing rate is used as a contribution factor of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The rate influencing factors include one or more of the number of service flows, the modulation order, and the coding rate.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The contribution factors of the paired end users to the cell spectrum efficiency include: The result obtained by multiplying the number of service flows, modulation order, coding rate and pairing rate of the paired terminal user in sequence is used as the contribution factor of the paired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pairing rate of the partially paired terminal users is determined according to the ratio of the shared bandwidth to the standard bandwidth between the partially paired terminal users. The higher the ratio, the greater the corresponding pairing rate.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculation of the expected contribution factor of unpaired end users to the cell spectrum efficiency includes: The result obtained by multiplying the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located by the historical average contribution factor of the grid is used as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The historical average contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located is determined according to the quotient of the sum of the average contribution factors of all historically paired terminal users in the grid and the number of historically paired terminal users in the grid.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factor and the expected contribution factor, the terminal user with a low contribution factor or the expected contribution factor in the cell is preferentially selected for load balancing switching, including: When the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the first threshold and not higher than the second threshold, the contribution factors of the paired terminal users and the expected contribution factors of the unpaired terminal users are ranked and compared together, and load balancing switching is performed starting from the terminal user with the lowest factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is no higher than the first threshold.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that According to the PRB load rate of the cell, combined with one or more of the contribution factor and the expected contribution factor, the terminal user with a low contribution factor or the expected contribution factor in the cell is preferentially selected for load balancing switching, including: When the PRB load rate of the cell is higher than the second threshold, the expected contribution factors of the unpaired terminal users are prioritized for comparison and sorting, and load balancing switching is performed starting from the terminal user with the lowest expected contribution factor until the PRB load rate of the cell is no higher than the second threshold.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that If the PRB load rate of the cell is still higher than the second threshold after all unpaired terminal users have undergone load balancing switching, the contribution factors of the paired terminal users will be ranked and compared, and load balancing switching will be performed starting from the terminal user with the lowest contribution factor ranking until the PRB load rate of the cell is no higher than the second threshold.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1, 9 to 11, characterized in that: The load balancing switching includes switching the selected terminal user from the current cell to another cell.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, 9-11, characterized in that: The cell is a cell where a large-scale antenna is deployed.

14. A load balancing device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is configured to acquire a physical resource block (PRB) load rate of a cell; A division module is configured to divide the terminal users into unpaired terminal users and paired terminal users according to the pairing status of the terminal users in the cell, wherein the paired multiple terminal users can share channel resources through space division multiplexing; The contribution factor calculation module is configured to calculate the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency, including: calculating the contribution factor of the paired terminal users to the cell spectrum efficiency according to the rate influencing factor and the pairing rate of the paired terminal users, wherein the pairing rate of the fully paired terminal users is greater than the pairing rate of the partially paired terminal users; The expected contribution factor calculation module is configured to calculate the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency, including: calculating the expected contribution factor of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located to the cell spectrum efficiency according to the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located and the historical average contribution factor of the grid, as the expected contribution factor of the unpaired terminal user to the cell spectrum efficiency, wherein the network coverage of the cell is gridded to obtain multiple grids of the cell, and the expected pairing probability of the grid where the unpaired terminal user is located is determined according to the quotient of the number of terminal users historically paired with the grid and the number of terminal users historically accessing the grid; The load balancing module is configured to preferentially select terminal users with low contribution factors or expected contribution factors in the cell for load balancing switching according to the PRB load rate of the cell and one or more of the contribution factors and expected contribution factors.

15. A load balancing device, comprising: Memory; And a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute the load balancing method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 based on instructions stored in the memory.

16. The device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The apparatus includes a base station.

17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the load balancing method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 are implemented.

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