A power plant under the network electric quantity intelligent metering and settlement system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of power plant net electric quantity intelligent metering and settlement system and method, the method is to connect the power plant electric energy meter, station electric energy meter into power plant electric energy acquisition terminal, collects frozen electric energy meter 1min voltage, electric quantity data, through metering processor to the data of generator unit is determined simple condition research, determine the effective outage length of generator unit, corresponding determine station effective outage period electric quantity, as power plant actual net electric quantity.The present application utilizes existing digital, intelligent power plant data acquisition system, makes simple field modification, and system condition setting realizes the automatic accurate metering, calculation, settlement of complex power plant net electric quantity, on-net electric quantity, through electric quantity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity metering and calculation, and in particular to an intelligent metering and settlement system and method for electricity generated by power plants. Background Technology

[0002] According to current electricity regulations, most power plant grid connection and off-grid trade settlement metering points are located at the boundary between the power grid company and the power generation company, i.e., the outgoing side of the power plant's grid connection line or the incoming side of the substation line. Due to geographical limitations or cost-saving considerations, power plants do not have separate mains power supply for plant maintenance and living quarters during power outages. Instead, they typically use the grid power connected to the grid connection line as the power supply for maintenance and living quarters during periods of non-power generation. Off-grid electricity metering often uses the reverse electricity from the grid connection point as the off-grid electricity. However, due to differences in grid connection and off-grid electricity pricing, and the fact that some power plants operate in phases according to grid dispatch requirements, absorbing reactive power, there may be situations where reactive power is generated outside of the off-grid period. Since the reactive power assessment for off-grid electricity calculation requires the use of both forward and reverse reactive power during the off-grid period as the assessment basis, the shared metering device method for grid connection and off-grid operation cannot objectively and accurately measure the reactive power of off-grid electricity. Meanwhile, some power plants have multiple grid connection lines, which are connected by busbars. There are situations where the electricity flowing into and out of the grid crosses the busbars for convection. During the settlement period, the electricity flowing into and out of the grid is repeatedly measured as the power flow changes. Therefore, the commonly used metering methods can no longer meet the requirements for metering and settling the electricity flowing into and out of the grid.

[0003] To address the issue of accurate metering of reactive power discharged from the grid, the existing method is based on actual meter reading. Within a single electricity billing cycle, the period for discharge is determined by the reactive power data from the on-grid metering point of the automated metering system. Simultaneously, the reactive power discharged during the same period is calculated and metered for performance evaluation. This method also requires verification of any advance phase operation records at the power plant, and the manual calculations are cumbersome, complex, and inaccurate.

[0004] To address the issue of power plants' inability to accurately measure and calculate power transmission and grid connection, one existing solution involves technically modifying the power plant's main wiring to disconnect the bus tie, thus physically cutting off power transmission and preventing it from crossing the grid. Another approach is to modify the metering location based on the specific main wiring structure. However, this method is costly and complex to implement. Another solution involves modifying the data acquisition scheme by adding a power flow monitoring module to monitor power flow changes, segmenting and statistically analyzing grid connection and connection data under different conditions, and calculating power transmission in segments. This solution is also costly, technically challenging, and computationally intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an intelligent metering and settlement system for power plant off-grid electricity, resolving the problems of inaccurate metering of active and reactive power off-grid electricity due to changes in power plant operating status during the electricity billing cycle, as well as the inability to accurately distinguish between electricity flowing through the power plant's on-grid and off-grid electricity, and electricity flowing through the power plant.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A smart metering and settlement system for power plant grid-connected electricity includes an energy acquisition terminal and a metering processor. The power plant generator set energy meters are connected to the metering processor through the energy acquisition terminal, and the power plant station service transformer energy meters are connected to the metering processor through the energy acquisition terminal.

[0008] The power data acquisition terminal synchronously collects the generator set's voltage freeze data (V) every minute. 发 , remember V 发 =V 发1 V 发2 V 发3 V 发，4 V 发5 ......;

[0009] The power data acquisition terminal synchronously collects the positive active power meter readings (W) of the generator set per minute. 发 , remember W 发 =W 发1 W 发2 W 发3 W 发4 W 发5 ......;

[0010] The metering processor calculates the power generation P in 1 minute. 差 ,as follows:

[0011] P 差1 =W 发2 -W 发1 P 差2 =W 发3 -W 发2 P 差3 =W 发4 -W 发3 P 差4 =W 发5 -W 发4 ..., that is, the difference between the meter reading of the next minute and the meter reading of the previous minute;

[0012] The metering processor makes the following assessment:

[0013] When generator set data V 发 ≤0 and P 差 When ≤0, the time point T is recorded. 停启1 Afterwards, V continued发 ≤0 and P 差 When ≤0, the time point is denoted as T. 停续 When V 发 ≥0 and P 差 When ≥0, calculate time point T. 停终1 Later, when V 发 ≥0 and P 差 When ≥0, the time point T is recorded. 停启2 .

[0014] This is used to analyze cyclical statistics;

[0015] Determine the duration of a single power outage for a power plant generator unit: T 停启 To T 停终 ;

[0016] The power plant's substation power meters are connected to the metering processor via an energy acquisition terminal, synchronously collecting frozen meter readings every minute, including positive active power, positive reactive power, and reverse reactive power, based on the power outage time T. 停启 and T 停终 Confirm the positive active power meter reading of the substation power meter: W 停启 W 停终 And positive reactive power meter code W′ 正停启 、W′ 正停终 Reverse reactive power meter code: W′ 反停启 、W′ 反停终 ;

[0017] The generator outage time period determined by the metering processor based on the frozen data of the generator set's energy meter: T 停启 To T 停终 And the frozen data W of the power plant substation energy meter 停启 W 停终 、W′ 正停启 、W′ 正停终 、W′ 反停启 、W′ 反停终 The metering data of the station's auxiliary transformer during the power plant outage is deemed valid, i.e., the power plant's electricity output to the grid; among which:

[0018] Positive active power output during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: P 下总 =W 停终 -W 停启 ;

[0019] Forward reactive power during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: Q 正总 =W′ 正停终 -W′ 正停启 ;

[0020] Reverse reactive power during a single start-stop period at a power plant: Q 反总 =W′ 反停终 -W′反停启 ;

[0021] If multiple start / stop events occur within a settlement period, multiple T 停启 To T 停终 Multiple start / stop events within a settlement cycle are accumulated and processed as follows based on the analysis results:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, P 下总 N represents the total active power output of the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, P 下k For the k-th T 停启 To T 停终 Forward active power of power plant station service meters;

[0024]

[0025] Among them, Q 正总 N represents the total positive reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, Q 正k For the k-th power plant T 停启 To T 停终 Off-grid positive reactive power;

[0026]

[0027] Among them, Q 反总 N represents the total reverse reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, Q 反k For the k-th power plant T 停启 To T 停终 Reverse reactive power after grid connection.

[0028] Furthermore, the power metering data of the substation is valid only if multiple generator units and multiple generator units meet the judgment conditions, that is, multiple generator units are simultaneously de-energized.

[0029] Furthermore, for multiple generator busbar disconnection substations, the outage of a single generator unit only affects the power supply change of the corresponding busbar substation substation. Independent judgment conditions need to be set to trigger the validity of the power metering data of the corresponding busbar substation substation.

[0030] Furthermore, the metering automation system interacts with the metering processor to obtain the corresponding power plant's off-grid electricity volume, and the marketing settlement system interacts with the metering automation system to settle electricity charges for the power plant's off-grid electricity volume.

[0031] Furthermore, for N grid-connected metering points traversing a power plant, the metering processor reversely obtains the active power P generated by the N grid-connected metering points of the power plant within a settlement cycle of the metering automation system. 1上 P 2上 P 3上 P 4上 ...P N上 N≧2; Active power P of reverse disconnection from the grid at the grid metering point 1下 P 2下 P 3下 ...P N下 Based on the analysis results, the effective power plant grid-connected electricity data is processed as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, P 上总 To calculate the actual active power output for grid connection, N represents the total number of grid connection metering points at the power plant, and P represents the actual active power output. 上k Let P be the active power generated by the k-th metering point connected to the grid. 下k Let P be the active power of the k-th on-grid metering point in reverse connection. 下总 This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid.

[0034]

[0035] Among them, P 穿 For the active power transmitted to the grid, N is the total number of power plant grid connection metering points, and P is the active power transmitted to the grid. 下k Let P be the active power of the k-th on-grid metering point in reverse connection. 下总 This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid.

[0036] This invention also relates to a method for intelligent metering and settlement of electricity generated by power plants, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Synchronously collect the generator set's energy meter's voltage freeze data V every minute. 发 , remember V 发 =V 发1 V 发2 V 发3 V 发4 V 发5 ...; Synchronously collect the positive active power meter readings (W) per minute from the generator set's energy meter. 发 , remember W 发 =W 发1 W 发2 W发3 W 发4 W 发5 ......;

[0038] The metering processor is set to calculate the power generation formula P in one minute. 差 , note P 差1 =W 发2 -W 发1 P 差2 =W 发3 -W 发2 P 差3 =W 发4 -W 发3 P 差4 =W 发5 -W 发4 ..., that is, the difference between the meter reading of the next minute and the meter reading of the previous minute;

[0039] S2. Metering processor settings for judgment conditions:

[0040] When V 发 ≤0 and P 差 When ≤0, the time point T is recorded. 停启 ;

[0041] Continued V 发 ≤0 and P 差 When ≤0, the calculation time is denoted as T. 停续 ;

[0042] When V 发 ≥0 and P 差 When ≥0, calculate time point T. 停终 ;

[0043] Determine the power plant generator unit outage period: T 停启 To T 停终 ;

[0044] S3. The synchronous acquisition station freezes the meter readings every minute, including forward active power, forward reactive power, and reverse reactive power, based on the power outage time T in S2. 停启 and T 停终 Confirm the positive active power meter reading of the substation power meter: W 停启 W 停终 And positive reactive power meter code W′ 正停启 、W′ 正停终 Reverse reactive power meter code: W′ 反停启 、W′ 反停终 ;

[0045] S4. Generator outage time period determined based on the analysis of generator energy meter freezing data: T 停启 To T 停终 And the frozen data W of the power plant substation energy meter in S3停启 W 停终 、W′ 正停启 、W′ 正停终 、W′ 反停启 、W′ 反停终 The validity of the power consumption metering data of the station service transformer during the power plant outage is determined, i.e., the power plant's off-grid electricity consumption, including:

[0046] Positive active power output during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: P 下总 =W 停终 -W 停启 ;

[0047] Forward reactive power during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: Q 正总 =W′ 正停终 -W′ 正停启 ;

[0048] Reverse reactive power during a single start-stop period at a power plant: Q 反总 =W′ 反停终 -W′ 反停启 ;

[0049] Multiple start / stop events within a settlement cycle are accumulated and processed as follows based on the analysis results:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, P 下总 N represents the total active power output of the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, P 下k For the k-th T 停启 To T 停终 Positive active power of power plant station service transformers;

[0052]

[0053] Among them, Q 正总 N represents the total positive reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, Q 正k For the k-th power plant T 停启 To T 停终 Positive reactive power output from the substation transformer;

[0054]

[0055] Among them, Q 反总 N represents the total reverse reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终Total number of start-stop cycles, Q 反k For the k-th power plant T 停启 To T 停终 Reverse reactive power of the substation power supply.

[0056] Furthermore, if multiple generator units are connected to the station service transformer, and a single generator unit stops generating electricity, the power supply to the station service transformer is provided by another generator unit. Only when all multiple generator units meet the judgment conditions can the valid conditions for the power plant station service transformer to disconnect the power metering data be triggered.

[0057] If multiple generator busbars are disconnected from the station service transformer, the shutdown of a single generator unit only affects the power supply change of the corresponding busbar station service transformer. Independent judgment conditions are set to trigger the valid conditions for the offline power metering data of the corresponding busbar station service transformer.

[0058] Furthermore, the feature is that the metering confirms the valid electricity output of the power plant within a single settlement cycle, the metering automation system interacts with the metering processor interface to obtain the corresponding electricity output of the power plant, and the marketing settlement system interacts with the metering automation system interface to settle the electricity bill for the electricity output of the power plant.

[0059] This invention also relates to a method for metering and settling electricity connected to the grid by a power plant and for calculating electricity consumption during power transmission, comprising the following steps:

[0060] The metering processor retrieves the active power P of N on-grid metering points within a billing cycle from the metering automation system. 1上 P 2上 P 3上 P 4上 ...P N上 N≧2; Active power P of reverse disconnection from the grid at the grid metering point 1下 P 2下 P 3下 ...P N下 N≧2;

[0061] The active power P of the power plant's grid-connected electricity is determined by the method described in any one of claims 6-8. 下总 According to the power plant's power balance principle, which states that the amount of electricity transmitted from the grid to the downstream grid at the power plant's metering point equals the sum of the amount of electricity transmitted from the power plant to the grid and the amount of electricity transmitted from the grid to the downstream grid, we can obtain the following:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, P 上总 To calculate the actual active power output for grid connection, N represents the total number of grid connection metering points at the power plant, and P represents the actual active power output. 上k Let P be the active power generated by the k-th metering point connected to the grid. 下k Let P be the active power of the k-th on-grid metering point in reverse connection. 下总 This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid.

[0064]

[0065] Among them, P 穿 For the active power transmitted to the grid, N is the total number of power plant grid connection metering points, and P is the active power transmitted to the grid. 下k Let P be the active power of the k-th on-grid metering point in reverse connection. 下总 This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0067] 1. This invention utilizes existing digital and intelligent power plant data acquisition systems, with simple on-site modifications, metering processors, and system condition settings to achieve automatic and accurate metering, calculation, and settlement of power generation, grid connection power, and cross-line power in power plants with complex grid connection and grid connection lines.

[0068] 2. This invention utilizes the data setting conditions of power plant generator set energy meters to determine the validity of the metering data of substation energy meters, thus solving the problems of the inability to measure and assess reactive power of power plants going to the grid when the metering devices are shared between the upstream and downstream grids, and the difficulty in distinguishing between power plants going to the grid, power crossing, and power going to the grid when they intersect.

[0069] 3. This invention utilizes power plant station meters as the metering point for the power plant's electricity output to the grid. The on-site metering device is set up to be closer to the actual electricity load of the power plant, making the electricity metering and settlement more objective and realistic, with controllable errors. Attached Figure Description

[0070] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the main wiring structure of the substation for multiple generator bus tie stations mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the main wiring structure of the substation for multiple generator bus tie disconnect stations mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the main wiring structure of the power plant (without power crossing) with multiple grid connection lines mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention. The dotted lines in the diagram represent the power flow direction.

[0075] Figure 6 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the main wiring structure of the power plant (power flow crossing) with multiple grid connection lines mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention. The dotted lines in the diagram represent the direction of power flow, during which there are current crossing between the grid and the power supply.

[0076] Figure 7 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the main wiring structure of the power plant (power flow crossing) with multiple grid connection lines mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention. The dotted lines in the diagram represent the direction of power flow, during which there are current crossings between the grid and the power supply.

[0077] Figure 8 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the main wiring structure of a single generator set and a single substation mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this embodiment do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "horizontal," and "vertical" are used only relative to the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings. These directional terms are relative concepts used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] This invention proposes connecting the power plant generator set energy meters and station service transformer energy meters to an energy acquisition terminal, collecting and freezing the voltage and power meter readings for 1 minute, and using a metering processor to perform a predetermined simple conditional analysis on the generator set data to determine the effective power outage duration of the generator set, thereby determining the corresponding power consumption during the effective power outage of the station service transformer, and calculating it as the actual power output of the power plant to the grid.

[0082] Furthermore, for power plants that cross power lines, for N (N≧2) grid-connected metering points crossing power lines, the metering processor reverses the acquisition of the grid-connected active power and offline active power of the N grid-connected metering points of the power plant within a settlement cycle of the metering automation system. Then, based on the power balance principle that the offline active power of the grid-connected metering point is equal to the sum of the offline active power of the power plant and the grid-connected active power of the power plant crossing power lines, the data is calculated. This achieves a system-wide automatic and accurate calculation and settlement method for the grid-connected settlement power, offline power (including reactive power assessment), and grid-connected active power of power plants that cross power lines, without the need for new metering equipment, with simple and convenient transformation methods, traceable data, and controllable errors.

[0083] This invention connects the power plant's generator sets and station service transformer energy meters to a metering processor via an energy acquisition terminal. It acquires and processes data on the generator set terminal voltage and meter readings, as well as the station service transformer's energy consumption meter readings. The metering processor sets judgment conditions for generator set voltage loss and zero power generation to determine the generator set outage period, thereby determining the accurate time period for the power plant to disconnect from the grid. The metering processor then calculates the effective power consumption of the power plant's station service transformer based on the disconnection period, which is the power plant's disconnected power consumption. Furthermore, the metering processor obtains the grid-connected active power and disconnected active power from the power plant's N (N≧2) grid-connected metering points within a settlement cycle of the metering automation system. Based on the power balance principle that the disconnected active power at each metering point equals the sum of the power plant's disconnected power consumption and the power consumption crossing the grid, it performs data calculations, thereby achieving automatic system calculation of the power plant's disconnected power consumption, grid-connected settlement power consumption, and crossing power consumption, as well as automatic system settlement of the disconnected power consumption and grid-connected settlement power consumption.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent metering and settlement system for power plant grid-connected electricity in this embodiment includes an energy acquisition terminal and a metering processor. The power plant generator set energy meter is connected to the metering processor through the energy acquisition terminal.

[0085] The aforementioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. By incorporating edge sensing and computing technologies, the metering processor can be a data processing module embedded within the energy acquisition terminal, an independent data processing and transmission device at the back end of the energy acquisition terminal, or a data processing and computing unit within a metering automation system. It can be modified and configured according to the actual field application scenario.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent metering and settlement method for power plant grid-connected electricity in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0087] S1. Connect the power plant generator set's energy meter to the metering processor via the energy acquisition terminal to synchronously collect voltage freeze data V every minute. 发 (V 发 =V 发1 V 发2 V 发3 V 发，4 V 发5 .......);

[0088] Synchronously collect positive active power meter readings W per minute 发 (W 发 =W 发1 W 发2 W 发3 W 发4 W 发5 ...), the metering processor is set with the formula P for calculating the power generation per minute. 差 (P 差1 =W 发2 -W 发1 P 差2 =W 发3 -W 发2 P 差3 =W 发4 -W 发3 P 差4 =W 发5 -W 发4 ...), that is, the difference between the meter reading of the next minute and the meter reading of the previous minute.

[0089] S2. Metering processor settings for judgment conditions:

[0090] When data V 发 ≤0 and P 差 When ≤0, the time point T is recorded. 停启 ;

[0091] Continued V 发 ≤0 and P 差 When ≤0, the calculation time is denoted as T. 停续 ;

[0092] When V 发 ≥0 and P 差 When ≥0, calculate time point T. 停终 ;

[0093] Determine the power plant generator unit outage period: T 停启 To T 停终 .

[0094] Considering the impact of generator unit shutdown for maintenance and testing, and the energization of the power plant's grid connection bus, a power difference P is added. 差 As a necessary condition for judgment, it ensures the accuracy of the judgment on the period when the generator unit stops generating power.

[0095] S3. Connect the power plant's auxiliary power meters to the metering processor via the energy acquisition terminal, and synchronously collect the frozen meter readings every minute, including positive active power, positive reactive power, and reverse reactive power, based on the power outage time T. 停启 and T 停终 Confirm the positive active power meter reading of the substation power meter: W 停启 W 停终 And positive reactive power meter code W′ 正停启 、W′ 正停终 Reverse reactive power meter code: W′ 反停启 、W′ 反停终 .

[0096] S4. The generator outage time period determined based on the generator set energy meter freeze data analysis conditions in step S2: T 停启 To T 停终 And the frozen data W of the power plant substation energy meter in step S3. 停启 W 停终 、W′ 正停启 、W′ 正停终 、W′ 反停启 、W′ 反停终 The metering data of the power consumption of the station's auxiliary transformer during the power plant's power outage period is deemed valid, i.e., the power plant's power output to the grid.

[0097] Positive active power output during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: P 下总 =W 停终 -W停启

[0098] Forward reactive power during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: Q 正总 =W′ 正停终 -W′ 正停启

[0099] Reverse reactive power during a single start-stop period at a power plant: Q 反总 =W′ 反停终 -W′ 反停启

[0100] S5. Steps S1 to S4 above are only used as a method for metering the electricity output of a single generator set during a single power outage. In actual metering applications, there may be multiple generator set start-up and shutdown cycles within a settlement cycle. The metering processor sets the accumulation conditions within the settlement cycle and automatically accumulates the electricity value of the above cycle to achieve accurate calculation of the effective electricity output within the billing cycle.

[0101] Multiple start / stop events within a settlement cycle are accumulated and processed as follows based on the analysis results:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, P 下总 N represents the total active power output of the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, P 下k For the k-th T 停启 To T 停终 The station uses positive active power.

[0104]

[0105] Among them, Q 正总 N represents the total positive reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, Q 正k For the k-th power plant T 停启 To T 停终 The station uses the positive reactive power of the transformer.

[0106]

[0107] Among them, Q 反总 N represents the total reverse reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods, where N is the power plant's generating unit T. 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles, Q 反k For the k-th power plant T 停启 To T 停终 Reverse reactive power of the substation power supply.

[0108] S6. Through the above steps S1-S5, the effective off-grid electricity volume of the power plant within a single settlement cycle can be measured and confirmed. The metering automation system interacts with the metering processor interface to obtain the corresponding off-grid electricity volume of the power plant. The marketing settlement system interacts with the metering automation system interface to settle the electricity bill for the off-grid electricity volume of the power plant.

[0109] Both the metering automation system and the marketing settlement system are existing systems. The metering automation system receives data processed by the metering processor and converts it into data acceptable to the marketing settlement system in the existing manner, so that the marketing settlement system can process it in the existing way.

[0110] The metering processor uses one minute of data as the benchmark for judgment. The metering and statistical time error is within 1 minute. Theoretically, the error accumulates with the number of start-up and shutdown cycles of the generator set. However, in the actual production and operation of the power plant, the number of start-up and shutdown cycles within a single billing cycle in a month is relatively small, so the error is controllable.

[0111] The following is based on Figure 8 The power plant main wiring diagram shown is a specific example to illustrate the calculation and settlement process of the power plant's electricity output.

[0112] like Figure 8 As shown, the power plant is a single generator unit and a single substation, meaning the generator unit's voltage and power data meet the above-mentioned metering processor's judgment conditions: V 发 ≦0 and P 差 ≦0 means that the power consumption data of the station's power meter is valid. This example illustrates the situation using two start-stop events within a settlement cycle.

[0113] The specific statistics are shown in Table 1 below:

[0114] Table 1

[0115]

[0116] Status description:

[0117] At time T1, neither the generator voltage nor the meter readings meet the criteria for analysis, so no time marker is set.

[0118] At time T2, the generator voltage and power meter readings meet the judgment criteria, recorded as follows:

[0119] The T3-T4 period is a continuous state, denoted as T. 持续 ;

[0120] At time T5, the generator voltage and power meter readings meet the judgment criteria, recorded as follows:

[0121] The T2-T5 time period refers to the specific time period for a single power outage of a power plant's generator unit: T 停启 To T 停终 ;

[0122] The time period T7-T10 is the same as the time period T2-T5.

[0123] The above describes the two start-stop time determination processes. Substituting these into the offline power calculation formula:

[0124] Positive active power output from power plants to the grid:

[0125] Positive reactive power output from power plants:

[0126] Reverse reactive power output from power plant grid connection:

[0127] P 下总 =P 下总1 +P 下总2 = (16-11)+(19-16)=8kWh, P 下总1 For the positive active power output from T2 to T5, P 下总2 This refers to the positive active power of T7-T10 grid connection.

[0128] Q 正总 =Q 正总1 +Q 正总2 = (5-2)+(7-5)=5kWh,Q 正总1 For the positive reactive power of T2-T5 grid connection, Q 正总2 This refers to the positive reactive power of T7-T10 grid connection.

[0129] Q 反总 =Q 反总1 +Q 反总2 = (2-1) + (2-2) = 5 kWh, Q 反总1 Q represents the reverse reactive power generated during the T2-T5 grid connection. 反总2 This refers to the reverse reactive power of T7-T10 grid connection.

[0130] Example 2

[0131] In this embodiment, for some power plants with multiple generator sets and multiple station service transformers, the configuration is categorized according to the actual main wiring situation of the power plant, such as... Figure 3 As shown, if multiple generator sets are connected to the station service transformer, and one generator set stops generating electricity, the power supply for the station service transformer is provided by another generator set. Therefore, the metering automation system sets the judgment conditions in step S2 to be valid, meaning that all generator sets must meet the judgment conditions in step S2 before the power metering data of the station service transformer can be valid.

[0132] The rest are carried out according to the system and method of Example 1.

[0133] Example 3

[0134] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, if multiple generator busbars are disconnected from the station service transformer, the shutdown of a single generator unit only affects the power supply change of the corresponding busbar station service transformer. The judgment conditions in step S2 need to be set independently to trigger the validity of the power metering data of the corresponding busbar station service transformer.

[0135] The rest are carried out according to the system and method of Example 1.

[0136] Example 4

[0137] In this embodiment, the metering processor acquires the active power P generated by two on-grid metering points during a settlement cycle. 1上 P 2上 Active power P in reverse connection from the on-grid metering point 1下 P 2下 Perform the following processing:

[0138] Actual electricity consumption calculated online: P 上总 =(P 1上 +P 2上 )-(P 1下 +P 2下 -P 下总 );

[0139] Cross-travel power: P 穿 =P 1下 +P 2下 -P 下总 .

[0140] Some power plants have multiple grid connection lines, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lines are connected by busbars, and there are situations where the electricity flowing to and from the grid crosses the busbars for convection. During the settlement period, the electricity flowing to and from the grid changes alternately with the power flow, making it impossible to accurately distinguish the metering.

[0141] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this section will explain the situation with two grid-connected metering points and a power plant connected to the bus. The bidirectional metering function of the power plant's grid-connected energy meter can be used to obtain the active power P generated by the two grid-connected metering points during a settlement period. 1上 P 2上 Reverse grid active power P 1下 P 2下 .

[0142] Through steps S1 to S5 of the above embodiment 1, the active power P discharged from the power plant to the grid can be determined. 下总Based on the principle of balancing the power plant's power output across the grid, the power output across the grid, and the power output across the grid, i.e., the power output across the grid equals the sum of the power plant's power output across the grid and the power output across the grid, we can obtain:

[0143] Actual electricity consumption calculated online: P 上总 =(P 1上 +P 2上 )-(P 1下 +P 2下 -P 下总 );

[0144] Cross-travel power: P 穿 =P 1下 +P 2下 -P 下总 .

[0145] By setting the above settlement formula in the electricity purchase settlement module of the corresponding marketing settlement system, the automatic settlement of grid-connected electricity and the automatic calculation of cross-connection electricity can be realized.

[0146] The following is based on Figure 6 The power plant main wiring diagram shown is a specific example to briefly explain the calculation and settlement process of the above-mentioned power plant crossing electricity and grid-connected electricity.

[0147] like Figure 6 As shown, the power plant traversing the grid consists of two grid-connected power plants with two generator units connected to the grid. Using the method described in Example 1 and referencing the data from Example 1, the power plant's grid connection data can be determined: P 下总 =P 下总1 +P 下总2 = (16-11) + (19-16) = 8 kWh. The metering processor interacts with the metering automation system to obtain the active power P of the power plant's grid connection metering point within the settlement cycle of the metering automation system. 1上 P 2上 The active power P of the reverse disconnection from the grid at the grid metering point 1下 P 2下 This data serves as the foundation for power plant automation settlement; conventional data acquisition systems have already implemented data collection and storage, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0148] The specific data obtained is shown in Table 2 below:

[0149] Table 2

[0150]

[0151] Based on the principle of balancing the power plant's power output across the grid, the power output across the grid, and the power output across the grid, i.e., the power output across the grid equals the sum of the power plant's power output across the grid and the power output across the grid, we can obtain:

[0152] Actual electricity consumption calculated online: P 上总 =(P 1上 +P 2上 )-(P 1下 +P 2下 -P 下总 );

[0153] Cross-travel power: P 穿 =P 1下 +P 2下 -P 下总 .

[0154] The metering processor can process the data to obtain the following results:

[0155] P 上总 =(100+200)-(20+50-8)=238kWh;

[0156] P 穿 =20+50-8=62kWh.

[0157] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart metering and settlement system for power plant grid-connected electricity, characterized in that, It includes an energy acquisition terminal and a metering processor. The energy meters of the power plant's generator sets are connected to the metering processor through the energy acquisition terminal, and the energy meters of the power plant's station service transformers are connected to the metering processor through the energy acquisition terminal. The power data acquisition terminal synchronously collects the generator set's voltage freeze data (V) every minute. 发 , remember V 发 =V 发1 V 发2 V 发3 V 发,4 V 发5 ......; The power data acquisition terminal synchronously collects the positive active power meter readings (W) of the generator set per minute. 发 , remember W 发 =W 发1 W 发2 W 发3 W 发4 W 发5 ......; The metering processor calculates the power generation P in one minute. 差 ,as follows: P 差1 =W 发2 -W 发1 P 差2 =W 发3 -W 发2 P 差3 =W 发4 -W 发3 P 差4 =W 发5 -W 发4 ..., that is, the difference between the meter reading of the next minute and the meter reading of the previous minute; The metering processor makes the following assessment: When generator set data V 发 ≦0 and P 差 When the time is ≤0, the time point T is recorded. 停启1 Afterwards, V continued 发 ≦0 and P 差 When the time is ≤0, the time point is denoted as T. 停续 When V 发 ≧0 and P 差 When ≥0, calculate time point T. 停终1 Later, when V 发 ≦0 and P 差 When the time is ≤0, the time point T is recorded. 停启2， This is used to analyze cyclical statistics; Determine the duration of a single power outage for a power plant generator unit: T 停启 To T 停终 ; The power plant's substation power meters are connected to the metering processor via an energy acquisition terminal, synchronously collecting frozen meter readings every minute, including positive active power, positive reactive power, and reverse reactive power, based on the power outage time T. 停启 and T 停终 Confirm the positive active power meter reading of the substation power meter: W 停启 W 停终 And positive reactive power meter code W' 正停启、 W' 正停终 Reverse reactive power meter code: W' 反停启 W' 反停终 ; The generator outage time period determined by the metering processor based on the frozen data of the generator set's energy meter: T 停启 To T 停终 And the frozen data W of the power plant substation energy meter 停启 W 停终 W' 正停启、 W' 正停终 W' 反停启 W' 反停终 The metering data of the station's auxiliary transformer during the power plant outage is deemed valid, i.e., the power plant's electricity output to the grid; among which: Positive active power output during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: P 下总 =W 停终 -W 停启 ; Forward reactive power during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: Q 正总 =W' 正停终 -W' 正停启 ; Reverse reactive power during a single start-stop period at a power plant: Q 反总 =W' 反停终 -W' 反停启 ; If multiple start / stop events occur within a settlement period, multiple T 停启 To T 停终 Multiple start / stop events within a settlement cycle are accumulated and processed as follows based on the analysis results: ； in, This refers to the total active power output of the power plant over multiple settlement periods. For power plant generator set T 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles For the first T 停启 To T 停终 Forward active power of power plant station service meters; ； in, This refers to the total positive reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods. For power plant generator set T 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles For the first T power plant 停启 To T 停终 Off-grid positive reactive power; ； in, This refers to the total reverse reactive power discharged from the power plant grid within multiple settlement periods. For power plant generator set T 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles For the first T power plant 停启 To T 停终 Reverse reactive power after grid connection.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power metering data of the substation is valid only if multiple generator units meet the judgment conditions, i.e., multiple generator units are simultaneously de-energized.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When multiple generator units have their busbars disconnected from the station service transformers, the outage of a single generator unit only affects the power supply change of the corresponding busbar station service transformer. Independent analysis conditions need to be set to trigger the validity of the power metering data of the corresponding busbar station service transformer.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metering automation system interacts with the metering processor to obtain the corresponding power plant's off-grid electricity volume, and the marketing settlement system interacts with the metering automation system to settle electricity charges for the power plant's off-grid electricity volume.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: For N grid-connected metering points traversing a power plant, the metering processor retrieves the active power P generated by the N grid-connected metering points within a settlement cycle from the metering automation system. 1上 P 2上 P 3上 P 4上 ...P N上 N≧2; Active power P of reverse disconnection from the grid at the grid metering point 1下 P 2下 P 3下 ...P N下 Based on the analysis results, the effective power plant grid-connected electricity data is processed as follows: ； in, To settle the actual electricity consumption for online billing, This represents the total number of metering points connected to the power plant. For the first Active power consumption at each internet-connected metering point For the first Active power consumption of each on-grid metering point in reverse connection. This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid. ； in, The amount of active power required for internet access during cross-border travel. This represents the total number of metering points connected to the power plant. For the first Active power consumption of each on-grid metering point in reverse connection. This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid.

6. A method for intelligent metering and settlement of electricity generated by a power plant and discharged into the grid, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Synchronously collect the generator set's energy meter's voltage freeze data V every minute. 发 , remember V 发 =V 发1 V 发2 V 发3 V 发4 V 发5 ...; Synchronously collect the positive active power meter readings (W) per minute from the generator set's energy meter. 发 , remember W 发 =W 发1 W 发2 W 发3 W 发4 W 发5 ......; The metering processor is set to calculate the power generation formula P in one minute. 差 , note P 差1 =W 发2 -W 发1 P 差2 =W 发3 -W 发2 P 差3 =W 发4 -W 发3 P 差4 =W 发5 -W 发4 ..., that is, the difference between the meter reading of the next minute and the meter reading of the previous minute; S2. Metering processor settings for judgment conditions: When V 发 ≦0 and P 差 When the time is ≤0, the time point T is recorded. 停启 ; When V 发 ≧0 and P 差 When ≥0, calculate time point T. 停终 ; Determine the power plant generator unit outage period: T 停启 To T 停终 ; S3. The synchronous acquisition station freezes the meter readings every minute, including forward active power, forward reactive power, and reverse reactive power, based on the power outage time T in S2. 停启 and T 停终 Confirm the positive active power meter reading of the substation power meter: W 停启 W 停终 And positive reactive power meter code W' 正停启、 W' 正停终 Reverse reactive power meter code: W' 反停启 W' 反停终 ; S4. Generator outage time period determined based on the analysis of generator energy meter freeze data: T 停启 To T 停终 And the frozen data W of the power plant substation energy meter in S3 停启 W 停终 W' 正停启 W' 正停终 W' 反停启 W' 反停终 The metering data of the station's auxiliary transformer during the power plant outage is deemed valid, i.e., the power plant's electricity output to the grid, including: Positive active power output during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: P 下总 =W 停终 -W 停启 ; Forward reactive power during a single start-up and shutdown period at a power plant: Q 正总 =W' 正停终 -W' 正停启 ; Reverse reactive power during a single start-stop period at a power plant: Q 反总 =W' 反停终 -W' 反停启 ; Multiple start / stop events within a settlement cycle are accumulated and processed as follows based on the analysis results: ； in, This refers to the total active power output of the power plant over multiple settlement periods. For power plant generator set T 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles For the first T 停启 To T 停终 Positive active power of power plant station service transformers; ； in, This refers to the total positive reactive power discharged from the power plant over multiple settlement periods. For power plant generator set T 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles For the first T power plant 停启 To T 停终 Positive reactive power discharged from the power plant grid; ； in, This refers to the total reverse reactive power discharged from the power plant grid within multiple settlement periods. For power plant generator set T 停启 To T 停终 Total number of start-stop cycles For the first T power plant 停启 To T 停终 Reverse reactive power discharged from the power plant grid.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, If multiple generator sets are connected to the station service transformer, and a single generator set stops generating electricity, the power supply to the station service transformer is provided by another generator set. Only when all multiple generator sets meet the assessment conditions can the power metering data of the station service transformer be valid. If multiple generator busbars are disconnected from the station service transformer, the shutdown of a single generator unit only affects the power supply change of the corresponding busbar station service transformer. Independent judgment conditions are set to trigger the validity of the power metering data of the corresponding busbar station service transformer.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The metering system confirms the effective off-grid electricity volume of a power plant within a single settlement cycle. The metering automation system interacts with the metering processor to obtain the corresponding off-grid electricity volume of the power plant. The marketing settlement system interacts with the metering automation system to settle the electricity bill for the off-grid electricity volume of the power plant.

9. A method for metering and settling electricity connected to the grid and calculating electricity consumption during power plant transmission, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The metering processor retrieves the active power P of N on-grid metering points within a billing cycle from the metering automation system. 1上 P 2上 P 3上 P 4上 ...P N上 N≧2; Active power P of reverse disconnection from the grid at the grid metering point 1下 P 2下 P 3下 ...P N下 N≧2; The active power P discharged from the power plant is determined by the method described in any one of claims 6-8. 下总 According to the principle of power balance within the power plant, that is, the amount of electricity transmitted from the grid to the downstream grid at the on-grid metering point is equal to the sum of the amount of electricity transmitted from the power plant to the grid and the amount of electricity transmitted from the grid to the on-grid point, we can obtain: ； in, To settle the actual electricity consumption for online billing, This represents the total number of metering points connected to the power plant. For the first Active power consumption at each internet-connected metering point For the first Active power consumption of each on-grid metering point in reverse connection. This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid. ； in, To traverse the power, This represents the total number of metering points connected to the power plant. For the first Active power consumption of each on-grid metering point in reverse connection. This refers to the positive active power output from the power plant to the grid.

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