Prestack gather interpretation processing method, system, device and readable storage medium

Abstract

This application discloses a pre-stack gather interpretative processing method, system, device, and readable storage medium. The method comprises: obtaining an original common reflection point (CRP) seismic pre-stack gather; analyzing the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gather to determine the number of full coverages, wherein the coverage parameters include the number of coverages; calculating the number of coverages for each seismic trace and determining whether the number of coverages is consistent with the number of full coverages; if they are consistent, retaining the seismic trace; if not, performing amplitude compensation on the seismic trace; merging the compensated seismic traces with the seismic traces not requiring compensation to form a new CRP seismic gather, and using the new CRP seismic gather to conduct pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction. The method provides accurate and efficient seismic gather data for pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, and in particular to a pre-stack gather interpretative processing method, system, device and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the present application that are recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by virtue of its inclusion in this section.

[0003] Currently, seismic data processing requires strict amplitude preservation of pre-stack gathers, and parameters such as the coverage of the original observation system cannot be changed. To address this, we provide amplitude-preserved pre-stack gathers and post-stack pure wave data, which are playing a positive role in current exploration. Geological and geophysical interpretation personnel have used this data to discover carbonate fracture-vuggy reservoirs in the Tarim Basin and have reported large-scale reserves, achieving significant exploration and development results.

[0004] However, during the development process, the proportion of water-producing wells has increased, and the drilling success rate has decreased. Therefore, oil and gas prediction has become a strong basis for drilling deployment. At the same time, the prediction of high-quality reservoirs in the weak-amplitude beach phase is difficult and cannot provide a strong basis for exploration well locations. The current pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction methods both require the assumption of a consistent number of coverage times, which cannot be met by the current seismic pre-stack gathers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a pre-stack gather interpretive processing method, system, device and readable storage medium, which provide seismic gather data for pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction accurately and quickly.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for interpretative processing of pre-stack gathers is provided, comprising:

[0007] Get the original common reflection point CRP seismic pre-stack gathers;

[0008] Analyzing the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers to determine the number of full coverages, wherein the coverage parameters include the number of coverages;

[0009] Calculate the coverage times of each seismic trace respectively, and determine whether the coverage times are consistent with the full coverage times;

[0010] If they are consistent, the seismic trace is retained; if they are inconsistent, amplitude compensation is performed on the seismic trace;

[0011] The compensated seismic traces and the seismic traces that do not require compensation are merged to form a new CRP seismic trace gather, which can be used to carry out prestack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

[0012] Optionally, performing amplitude compensation on the seismic trace includes:

[0013] Select spatial aperture parameters that meet the set conditions;

[0014] A geometrically weighted average is performed on the amplitudes of the seismic traces within the spatial aperture parameter range, so that the coverage times of the superimposed seismic traces reaches full coverage times.

[0015] Optionally, the seismic trace amplitude is calculated using the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Where m is the number of seismic traces within the aperture, N j is the number of times the seismic trace is covered, j is the number of the seismic trace in the aperture, and its value ranges from 1 to m; A j is the amplitude value of the seismic trace within the aperture, and the full coverage times are defined as 60 times.

[0018] Optionally, the spatial aperture parameter is set to a parameter value within a small range in a near-offset channel, and is set to a parameter value within a large range in a far-offset channel.

[0019] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a pre-stack gather interpretative processing system is provided, the system comprising:

[0020] Original gather acquisition module, used to obtain original common reflection point CRP seismic pre-stack gathers;

[0021] a coverage parameter determination module, configured to analyze the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers and determine the number of full coverages, wherein the coverage parameters include the number of coverages;

[0022] A judgment module is used to calculate the coverage times of each seismic trace respectively and judge whether the coverage times are consistent with the full coverage times; if they are consistent, the seismic trace is retained;

[0023] A compensation module is used to perform amplitude compensation on the seismic trace if there is any inconsistency;

[0024] The gather update module is used to merge the compensated seismic traces with the seismic traces that do not need to be compensated to form a new CRP seismic gather, so as to use the new CRP seismic gather to carry out pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

[0025] Optionally, the compensation module is specifically configured to:

[0026] Select spatial aperture parameters that meet the set conditions;

[0027] A geometrically weighted average is performed on the amplitudes of the seismic traces within the spatial aperture parameter range, so that the coverage times of the superimposed seismic traces reaches full coverage times.

[0028] Optionally, the seismic trace amplitude is calculated using the following formula:

[0029]

[0030] Where m is the number of seismic traces within the aperture, N j is the number of times the seismic trace is covered, j is the number of the seismic trace in the aperture, and its value ranges from 1 to m; A j is the amplitude value of the seismic trace within the aperture, and the full coverage times are defined as 60 times.

[0031] Optionally, the spatial aperture parameter is set to a parameter value within a small range in a near-offset channel, and is set to a parameter value within a large range in a far-offset channel.

[0032] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a device is provided, comprising: a data acquisition device, a processor and a memory; the data acquisition device is used to acquire data; the memory is used to store one or more program instructions; the processor is used to execute one or more program instructions to execute any method described in the first aspect.

[0033] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer storage medium contains one or more program instructions, and the one or more program instructions are used to execute the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0034] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a pre-stack gather interpretative processing method, system, device, and readable storage medium. These methods obtain original common reflection point (CRP) seismic pre-stack gathers; analyze the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers to determine the number of full coverages, including the number of coverages; calculate the number of coverages for each seismic trace and determine whether the number of coverages is consistent with the number of full coverages; if they are consistent, retain the seismic trace; if not, perform amplitude compensation on the seismic trace; merge the compensated seismic traces with the traces not requiring compensation to form a new CRP seismic gather, which is then used to perform pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction. This method provides accurate and efficient seismic gather data for pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a pre-stack gather interpretation processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for interpretative processing of pre-stack gathers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3a and Figure 3b Schematic diagram of the AVO characteristics of the pre-stack CRP trace before and after the application of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4a and Figure 4b Schematic diagram of a pre-stack CRP trace before and after the application of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a pre-stack gather interpretive processing system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The principles and spirit of the present application are explained in detail below with reference to several representative implementations of the present application.

[0043] Although the present application provides method operation steps or device structures as shown in the following embodiments or drawings, more or fewer operation steps or module units may be included in the method or device based on routine or no creative labor. In the steps or structures where there is no necessary causal relationship logically, the execution order of these steps or the module structure of the device is not limited to the execution order or module structure shown in the embodiments or drawings of the present application. When the method or module structure is applied to an actual device or terminal product, it can be executed sequentially or in parallel according to the method or module structure shown in the embodiment or drawings.

[0044] With the emergence of wide-azimuth, high-density seismic exploration technology in recent years, it has gradually become an important means of exploring complex geological targets and unconventional reservoirs. OVT domain gather processing can produce high-quality pre-stack five-dimensional gathers, providing a foundation for this pre-stack gather processing method.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a pre-stack gather interpretation processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, including the following steps:

[0046] Step 101: Obtain original common reflection point CRP seismic pre-stack gathers.

[0047] Step 102: Analyze the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers to determine the number of full coverages, where the coverage parameters include the number of coverages.

[0048] Step 103: Calculate the coverage times of each seismic trace respectively, and determine whether the coverage times are consistent with the full coverage times.

[0049] Step 104: If they are consistent, the seismic trace is retained; if they are inconsistent, amplitude compensation is performed on the seismic trace.

[0050] Step 105: Merge the compensated seismic traces and the seismic traces that do not require compensation to form a new CRP seismic gather, and use the new CRP seismic gather to perform prestack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

[0051] In a possible implementation, in step 104, the amplitude compensation of the seismic traces includes: selecting a spatial aperture parameter that meets set conditions; and performing a geometric weighted average on the amplitudes of the seismic traces within the range of the spatial aperture parameter so that the coverage times of the superimposed seismic traces reaches full coverage times.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the seismic trace amplitude may be calculated using the following formula (1):

[0053]

[0054] Where m is the number of seismic traces within the aperture, N j is the number of times the seismic trace is covered, j is the number of the seismic trace in the aperture, and its value ranges from 1 to m; A j is the amplitude value of the seismic trace within the aperture, and the full coverage times are defined as 60 times.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the spatial aperture parameter is set to a parameter value within a small range in a near-offset trace, and is set to a parameter value within a large range in a far-offset trace.

[0056] In order to make the pre-stack gather interpretation processing method provided in the embodiment of the present application clearer, Figure 2 The examples provided are further described in detail. Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0057] Step 201: Obtain existing pre-stack CRP gather data.

[0058] Step 202: Analyze parameters such as the number of coverage times and observe the full coverage range.

[0059] Step 203: Calculate the difference between the coverage times and the full coverage times of each seismic trace.

[0060] Step 204: If there is a difference between the two, the amplitude of the seismic trace must be compensated by selecting an appropriate spatial aperture parameter (the spatial aperture parameter is smaller for near-offset traces and larger for far-offset traces). The geometrically weighted average of the amplitudes of the seismic traces within the spatial aperture range is taken to ensure that the coverage of the superimposed seismic trace reaches full coverage.

[0061] If there are m seismic traces in the aperture, the number of coverages is Nj (j = 1-m), the amplitude values ​​are Ai (i = 1-m), and the full coverage is defined as 60 times, then the amplitude calculation formula of the trace is formula (1).

[0062] Step 205: If there is no difference between the two, the original seismic trace is retained.

[0063] Step 206: Replace the original seismic trace with the recalculated seismic trace to generate new seismic trace gather data.

[0064] Step 207: Use the new seismic gather data to perform pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

[0065] The original prestack seismic gather data from a certain exploration block exhibited a distinct spindle-shaped feature in the target layer, with amplitude energy differences between near and far channels, and strong amplitude energy in the middle channel. This invention eliminates this undesirable phenomenon by generating new prestack seismic gathers. The seismic AVO characteristics analyzed using the new data are distinct and consistent with the actual situation.

[0066] Simply put, first obtain the original CRP seismic pre-stack gather, analyze the coverage distribution of the acquisition observation system, determine the full coverage number, and for a certain seismic trace, first determine whether the coverage number of the trace is consistent with the full coverage number. If they are consistent, retain it. If not, perform amplitude compensation according to the calculation method of the invention content. Finally, merge the compensated seismic trace and the remaining seismic traces that do not require compensation to form a new seismic pre-stack CRP gather.

[0067] The following describes the pre-stack gather interpretative processing method provided in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with specific examples.

[0068] In a certain exploration block in the Tarim Basin, the exploration of strong-amplitude reservoirs has reached a bottleneck, while the prediction of weak-amplitude high-quality shoal-facies reservoirs is difficult. Based on seismic rock physics analysis, it is urgently necessary to introduce pre-stack reservoir prediction technology to meet the reservoir prediction requirements. However, seismic reservoir prediction is heavily dependent on amplitude-preserved seismic data, especially pre-stack gather data. However, the current pre-stack gather data cannot meet the assumptions of the new method.

[0069] The original seismic pre-stack CRP gather data in this area ( Figure 3a ), the original seismic pre-stack gather data has obvious spindle-shaped features in the target layer, the seismic amplitude energy of the near and far tracks is poor, while the amplitude energy of the middle track is strong, the coverage times of the near, middle and far tracks are inconsistent, and the seismic AVO characteristics are chaotic ( Figure 3b ), the prediction effect using original data is poor.

[0070] The invention is used to generate new seismic pre-stack gather data ( Figure 4a ) The above unreasonable phenomena are eliminated, and the earthquake AVO characteristics analyzed by the new data are obvious ( Figure 4b ), which is in line with the actual situation. Using new data, the prediction effect of the same prediction parameters is good and meets the actual production needs.

[0071] In summary, the present embodiment provides a pre-stack gather interpretive processing method, which obtains original common reflection point (CRP) seismic pre-stack gathers; analyzes the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers to determine the number of full coverages, including the number of coverages; calculates the number of coverages for each seismic trace and determines whether the number of coverages is consistent with the number of full coverages; if they are consistent, retains the seismic trace; if not, performs amplitude compensation on the seismic trace; merges the compensated seismic traces with the seismic traces that do not require compensation to form a new CRP seismic gather, which is then used to perform pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction. This method provides accurate and efficient seismic gather data for pre-stack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

[0072] Based on the same technical concept, the present application also provides a pre-stack gather interpretation processing system, such as Figure 5 As shown, the system includes:

[0073] The original gather acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the original common reflection point CRP seismic pre-stack gathers.

[0074] The coverage parameter determination module 502 is used to analyze the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers to determine the number of full coverages, where the coverage parameters include the number of coverages.

[0075] The judgment module 503 is used to calculate the coverage times of each seismic trace respectively, and judge whether the coverage times are consistent with the full coverage times; if they are consistent, the seismic trace is retained.

[0076] The compensation module 504 is configured to perform amplitude compensation on the seismic trace if there is any inconsistency.

[0077] The gather updating module 505 is used to merge the compensated seismic traces with the seismic traces that do not need to be compensated to form a new CRP seismic gather, so as to use the new CRP seismic gather to carry out prestack reservoir and oil and gas prediction.

[0078] In a possible implementation, the compensation module 504 is specifically used to: select a spatial aperture parameter that meets the set conditions; and perform a geometric weighted average on the seismic trace amplitudes within the spatial aperture parameter range so that the coverage times of the superimposed seismic traces reach full coverage times.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the seismic trace amplitude is calculated using formula (1).

[0080] In a possible implementation, the spatial aperture parameter is set to a parameter value within a small range in a near-offset trace, and is set to a parameter value within a large range in a far-offset trace.

[0081] The embodiments of the apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be specifically used to execute the processing flow of the above-mentioned method embodiments. Its functions are not described in detail here, and reference can be made to the detailed description of the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0082] An embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device. The electronic device may include: a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus. The processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus. The processor may invoke logic instructions in the memory to execute the above method.

[0083] In addition, the logical instructions in the above-mentioned memory can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0084] This embodiment discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the methods provided by the above-mentioned method embodiments, for example, including: obtaining status data of a card reader device, the status data including multiple first status parameters; obtaining at least one warning parameter based on each first status parameter; if it is determined that the warning parameter exceeds the corresponding threshold range, sending a first warning information.

[0085] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program enables the computer to execute the methods provided by the above-mentioned method embodiments, for example, including: obtaining status data of a card reader device, the status data including multiple first status parameters; obtaining at least one warning parameter based on each first status parameter; if it is determined that the warning parameter exceeds the corresponding threshold range, sending a first warning information.

[0086] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0087] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0088] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0089] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0090] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "a specific embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0091] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for interpretative processing of pre-stack gathers, characterized in that: include: Get the original common reflection point CRP seismic pre-stack gathers; Analyzing the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers to determine the number of full coverages, wherein the coverage parameters include the number of coverages; Calculate the coverage times of each seismic trace respectively, and determine whether the coverage times are consistent with the full coverage times; If they are consistent, the seismic trace is retained; if they are inconsistent, amplitude compensation is performed on the seismic trace; Merge the compensated seismic traces with those that do not require compensation to form a new CRP seismic gather, and use the new CRP seismic gather to carry out prestack reservoir and oil and gas prediction; The amplitude compensation for the seismic trace includes: Select spatial aperture parameters that meet the set conditions; A geometrically weighted average is performed on the amplitudes of the seismic traces within the spatial aperture parameter range, so that the coverage times of the superimposed seismic traces reaches full coverage times.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The seismic trace amplitude is calculated using the following formula: Where m is the number of seismic traces within the aperture, N j is the number of times the seismic trace is covered, j is the number of the seismic trace in the aperture, and its value ranges from 1 to m; A j is the amplitude value of the seismic trace within the aperture, and the full coverage times are defined as 60 times.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The spatial aperture parameter is set to a parameter value within a small range in a near-offset trace, and is set to a parameter value within a large range in a far-offset trace.

4. A pre-stack gather interpretation processing system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Original gather acquisition module, used to obtain original common reflection point CRP seismic pre-stack gathers; a coverage parameter determination module, configured to analyze the coverage parameters of the original CRP seismic pre-stack gathers and determine the number of full coverages, wherein the coverage parameters include the number of coverages; A judgment module is used to calculate the coverage times of each seismic trace respectively and judge whether the coverage times are consistent with the full coverage times; if they are consistent, the seismic trace is retained; A compensation module is used to perform amplitude compensation on the seismic trace if there is any inconsistency; The gather update module is used to merge the compensated seismic traces with the seismic traces that do not need to be compensated to form a new CRP seismic gather, so as to use the new CRP seismic gather to carry out prestack reservoir and oil and gas prediction; The compensation module is specifically used to: Select spatial aperture parameters that meet the set conditions; A geometrically weighted average is performed on the amplitudes of the seismic traces within the spatial aperture parameter range, so that the coverage times of the superimposed seismic traces reaches full coverage times.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The seismic trace amplitude is calculated using the following formula: Where m is the number of seismic traces within the aperture, N j is the number of times the seismic trace is covered, j is the number of the seismic trace in the aperture, and its value ranges from 1 to m; A j is the amplitude value of the seismic trace within the aperture, and the full coverage times are defined as 60 times.

6. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The spatial aperture parameter is set to a parameter value within a small range in a near-offset trace, and is set to a parameter value within a large range in a far-offset trace.

7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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