System and method for monitoring and controlling infusion to a patient

Abstract

Systems and methods for presenting information for managing a patient's vital signs are described. A graphical user interface (GUI) can be presented that displays information about a patient's vital signs, including a most recent value of a received vital sign and past values of the vital sign over a past time period. Using this information, a time in target value can be generated, representing an amount of past time that the patient's measured vital sign was within a predetermined range. Preferably, the systems and methods are used with a closed loop system that can automatically adjust a rate of a medication, although manual control is also contemplated. The GUI can include one or more visual indicators presented on historical data, which, upon selection, are presented with additional information that can assist in managing patient care.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 125,273, filed December 14, 2020. This application and all other extrinsic materials referenced herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In the event of an inconsistency between a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference and that term as provided herein, the definition of the term provided herein is controlling. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The field of the invention is graphical user interfaces, particularly those used with infusion devices. BACKGROUND

[0003] The following description includes information that can be useful in understanding the present application. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed application, or that any publication or other information provided herein is prior art alone or in combination with any other items of prior art.

[0004] Various pumps exist for infusing fluids to a patient. One of the most common is a gravity infusion device, which utilizes gravity to deliver medication. However, such devices do not provide precise dosage rates and any information about the fluid to be infused.

[0005] To address these deficiencies, many companies provide volumetric pumps, which allow for more precise dosage rates. For example, Provided Infusion pumps can provide different dosage rates for a variety of medications. Among other issues, such pumps are often bulky, difficult to use, and have limited user interfaces.

[0006] All publications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Where a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or otherwise inconsistent with the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein is controlling.

[0007] Accordingly, there remains a need for improved user interfaces for infusion devices that are easier to use and provide access to relevant patient information. SUMMARY

[0008] The subject matter of the present invention provides devices, systems, and methods for graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for intravenous (IV) infusion devices. The contemplated IV infusion devices can include a pump unit communicatively coupled with a display screen, which can be configured to present information, for example, about a patient and medication delivery.

[0009] Preferably, the display screen is a touch screen display screen, or otherwise configured to allow input of commands from a medical professional. For example, using the display screen, it can be expected that the dosage of medication to be administered to a patient can be changed, or various settings related to the infusion of medication to a patient can be viewed or changed. Such settings can include, for example, a minimum dosage, a maximum dosage, a medication concentration, a medication type, a patient age, a patient gender, a patient weight, a target range for vital signs, a focus for vital signs, etc.

[0010] The display screen can be configured to present various information about the patient, including, for example, a minimum dosage of medication, a maximum dosage of medication, a current dosage rate of medication, a historical dosage rate of medication, a medication concentration, a medication type, a preferred range for vital signs including a maximum and a minimum, a focus for vital signs, a current value for vital signs, a historical value for vital signs, a target time, a remaining amount of medication, etc.

[0011] As mentioned above, the GUI can be part of a system or method for managing vital signs of a patient. For example, such a system can include a GUI. Further, the system can include a receiver adapted to receive information about vital signs of a patient from a first source, and a processor communicatively linked to the receiver to obtain the information from the first source and to the GUI to control the display of information on the GUI. The processor is preferably configured to present information on the GUI about the vital signs and medication being administered to the patient.

[0012] The various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description, along with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals represent like components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1A One embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0014] Figure 1B Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0015] Figure 2 One embodiment of an exemplary GUI for adjusting a predetermined value range and a focus value for a vital sign of a patient is illustrated.

[0016] Figure 3 One embodiment of an exemplary GUI for adjusting a minimum value and a maximum value for a medication dosage rate is shown.

[0017] Figure 4 One embodiment of an exemplary GUI for adjusting a time period for a historical data graph is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 5One embodiment of an example interface that can be presented to change the operating mode from automatic control to manual control is shown.

[0019] Figure 6 One embodiment of an example GUI that indicates when control is automated and when control is manual is illustrated.

[0020] Figure 7 One embodiment of an example interface that can be presented to change the operating mode from manual control to automatic control is shown.

[0021] Figure 8 Another embodiment of an example interface that can be presented to change the operating mode from manual control to automatic control is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 9 One embodiment of an example interface for configuring alarm settings is illustrated.

[0023] Figure 10 Another embodiment of an example GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0024] Figure 11 Another embodiment of an example GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0025] Figure 12 An enlarged portion of the GUI of Figure 11 is illustrated.

[0026] Figure 13 Another embodiment of an example GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0027] Figure 14 The GUI of Figure 13 is illustrated with a window overlaid on the GUI.

[0028] Figure 15 Another embodiment of an example GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0029] Figure 16 The GUI of Figure 15 is illustrated with a window overlaid on the GUI.

[0030] Figure 17 The GUI of Figure 15 is illustrated with different windows overlaid on the GUI.

[0031] Figure 18 Another embodiment of an example GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0032] Figure 19Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0033] Figure 20 Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0034] Figure 21 Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI for adjusting a predetermined range of vital signs is illustrated.

[0035] Figure 22A Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0036] Figure 22B GUI of Figure 22A is illustrated, where a window is overlaid on the GUI.

[0037] Figure 22C GUI of Figure 22A is illustrated, where a window is overlaid on the GUI.

[0038] Figure 23 Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated.

[0039] Figure 24 Another embodiment of an exemplary GUI presented on a display screen is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Throughout the following discussion, numerous references will be made to servers, services, interfaces, portals, platforms, or other systems formed of computing devices. It should be appreciated that the use of such terms is deemed to represent one or more computing devices having at least one processor configured to execute software instructions stored on a computer-readable tangible, non-transitory medium. For example, a server can include one or more computers operating as a web server, database server, or other type of computer server in a manner fulfilling the roles, responsibilities, or functions described.

[0041] The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of the inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus if a first embodiment includes elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment includes elements B and D, then another embodiment of the inventive subject matter is considered to include each remaining combination of A, B, C, or D, even if that combination is not explicitly disclosed.

[0042] Figures 1A-24 Various embodiments of a graphical user interface (GUI) for managing vital signs and medications of a patient are illustrated.

[0043] AsFigure 1A As shown, for example, an exemplary GUI 100 can be presented on a display screen of a device. The GUI 100 can display vital sign information 102 of a patient and dose rate information 104 of a medication being administered to the patient. The vital sign information 102 can include, for example, a current vital sign of the patient received from a first source, as well as historical data related to the vital sign of the patient based on previous information received from the first source. As shown, the GUI 100 displays a current blood pressure of the patient (101) as well as a graph of blood pressure values over the past two hours. Of course, it is contemplated that the specific amount of time of past values can be changed as desired. Figure 1A

[0044] The GUI 100 can further display or present a predetermined or preferred range 106 of the vital sign of the patient, which can be defined by a minimum value 110 and a maximum value 108. In some embodiments, it is contemplated that vital sign values of the patient that fall within the predetermined range 106 can be displayed in a first color, and vital sign values of the patient that fall outside of the predetermined range 106 can be displayed in a different color. In this way, a clinician can quickly view at what times and for how long the vital sign of the patient is outside of the range 106.

[0045] The GUI 100 can also include a focus value 112 for the vital sign, which like the predetermined range 106 can be set and / or changed by a clinician or other medical professional. The focus value 112 is contemplated to be used with an algorithm to determine a dose rate of a medication based on information of the patient. An exemplary algorithm is described in co-pending U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 17 / 365,730, filed July 1, 2021, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.

[0046] As new vital signs are received from the first source, it is contemplated that the most recent vital sign can be presented as a current vital sign 114, and previous vital signs can be saved to the historical data and presented on the GUI 100.

[0047] As shown, the historical data of the vital sign is preferably plotted or graphed on the GUI 100 for quick review of the vital sign information 102 of the patient. In this way, the historical data can depict a time period over which the vital sign information 102 of the patient has passed. It is contemplated that a clinician or other medical professional can change the specific time period of the historical data displayed by selecting a time period object on the GUI 100. Selecting the object can open a pop-up window or otherwise present a modified interface to select a new time period. An exemplary embodiment of such an interface 400 is shown in Figure 4

[0048] A time or other indicator in the target percentage 116 can also be displayed on the GUI 100.​​Figure 1A This time in the target value 116 represents the percentage of time during which the patient's vital signs displayed on the GUI 100 remained within the predetermined range 106. To calculate the time in the target value 116, a first set of vital signs can be generated by selecting items of historical data that fall within a predetermined time period, which can match the historical vital sign information displayed on the GUI 100 over the time period. The amount of time that the first set of vital signs was within the predetermined range 106 can be determined or estimated, and this amount of time divided by the predetermined time period. As Figure 1A shown, the time in the target value 116 (e.g., 95%) is used to automatically manage the patient's vital signs. The target value 116 advantageously allows the clinician to quickly understand the percentage of time that the patient's vital signs remained within the predetermined range 106.

[0049] The GUI 100 can include various other objects to allow for setting the minimum value 110 and the maximum value 108, as well as the focus value 112. For example, it is contemplated that the minimum value 110, the maximum value 108, and the focus value 112 can each be, or collectively can be, selectable objects, and upon being selected, a pop-up window or other change to the GUI 100 can be presented to allow for adjusting one or more of the values. Alternatively, it is contemplated that specific regions with respect to these values can be selectable. Figure 2 One embodiment of an interface 200 that can be presented when one of the objects is selected to change the minimum value 100, the maximum value 108, and / or the focus value 112 is shown.

[0050] As Figure 1A shown, the GUI 100 can further display information 104 regarding the drug dosage being administered to the patient. For example, the current dosage rate 118 of the drug being administered can be displayed, as well as a minimum dosage rate 122 and a maximum dosage rate 120 of the drug. The minimum dosage rate 122 and the maximum dosage rate 120 can be selected by selecting the dosage rate objects on the GUI 100, which can generate a pop-up window or other interface for changing one or both of the minimum dosage rate 122 and the maximum dosage rate 120. For example, it is contemplated that the minimum dosage rate 122 and the maximum dosage rate 120 can each be, or collectively can be, selectable objects, and upon being selected, a pop-up window or other change to the GUI 100 is displayed that allows for adjusting one or more of the values. Alternatively, it is contemplated that specific regions with respect to these values can be selectable. Figure 3 One embodiment of an interface 300 that can be presented upon selecting the objects to change the minimum dosage rate 122 and / or the maximum dosage rate 120 is shown.

[0051] As Figure 1AAs shown in FIG. 1, the current dose rate 118 and historical dose rates of the medication can be plotted, graphed, or otherwise presented on the GUI 100 over a period of time. This advantageously allows the clinician or other medical professional to quickly gain insight into the changes in dose rate over time, and whether the dose rate has increased or decreased significantly despite the patient’s vital signs remaining within the predetermined range 104. It is contemplated that the clinician or other medical professional can change the particular time period of historical data displayed by selecting a time period object on the GUI 100. Selecting this object can open a pop-up window or present a modified interface to select a new time period. An exemplary embodiment of such an interface 400 is shown in FIG. 4. Figure 4

[0052] In some embodiments, a dose change indicator 124 can be generated and presented on the GUI 100, shown alongside the current dose rate 118 in Figure 1A . The dose change indicator 124 represents a trend line between the current dose rate 118 and historical data of the medication, and can show whether the dose rate has changed slightly, drastically, or not at all, as well as the overall direction (e.g., an increase or decrease in dose rate). As shown in Figure 1A , the dose change indicator 124 can be visually represented by one or more arrows, but can also be represented by other shapes or objects, colors, or otherwise.

[0053] Such an indicator can also be displayed for the vital sign information 102, for example to show how the vital signs have changed over time.

[0054] In some embodiments, the contemplated GUI 100 can also present the remaining amount of medication, which can be estimated from the initial volume of the medication, the current dose rate, and any historical dose rate data, and the estimated remaining amount of medication can be displayed on the GUI 100.

[0055] It is contemplated that various alarm conditions can be selected or modified using an alarm interface 900 such as that shown in Figure 9 . When an alarm is received or generated, it is contemplated that the alarm can be presented on, for example, the GUI 100. Such an alarm can include a visual indicator on the GUI 100, such as changing the color of one or more objects and / or some or all of the background, a pop-up window, or other indicator.

[0056] For example, Figure 10 ​An embodiment of a GUI 1000 is shown, which has various visual indicators that can be used to indicate whether a vital sign is within or outside a predetermined range. For example, it is contemplated that the area behind the vital sign value 1014 may be shaded or presented in a specific color to indicate the state of the vital sign (e.g., green for within the range, yellow for within a predetermined amount or percentage outside the range, and red for outside a certain amount or percentage outside the range). It is also envisioned that the graphic lines themselves and / or the background behind the graphic may be shaded or colored to indicate whether the vital sign is within the predetermined range.

[0057] Alarms are expected to be generated for various reasons, including, for example, if the current dose rate 1018 falls outside a predetermined range defined by the minimum dose rate 1022 and the maximum dose rate 1020 of the drug, if the current vital signs 1014 fall outside a predetermined range 1006, if the time in the target value 1016 is less than a predetermined threshold, and / or based on a signal received from a second source.

[0058] In some embodiments, it is further envisioned that the GUI 100 can change based on how long and to what extent a user needs to register. Thus, for example, yellow could indicate that a user should ultimately register based on the patient's vital signs or the length of time elapsed since the last registration. Similarly, red might indicate that a user should check in immediately. It is also anticipated that the color or other aspects of the GUI 100 can change over time to indicate when registration may be needed in the future.

[0059] Exemplary hardware that can be used in conjunction with the GUI discussed herein is described in co-pending U.S. nonprovisional application filed November 18, 2021, with serial number 17 / 529,691.

[0060] like Figure 1A As shown, the system operates in automated mode and the interfaces are configured accordingly. Figure 1A At the bottom center, an automatic / manual management object 126 can be presented on the GUI 100, which allows the system to switch from a closed-loop automatic system for managing vital signs and current dose rate to a manual system by selecting object 126. In some embodiments, a new interface or pop-up window may be presented when automatic / manual management object 126 is selected to allow changing the system mode. Figure 5 An exemplary interface 500 that can be presented when an object is selected is illustrated.

[0061] Figure 1B The diagram illustrates GUI 100, where the patient's vital signs 114A are represented as mean arterial pressure (MAP) instead of... Figure 1Asystolic blood pressure (SBP) in. In this case, it is contemplated that the first source that senses the patient's vital sign can include a transducer attached to the patient. However, the particular vital sign and the first source that detects the vital sign can be changed without departing from the scope of the present application. With respect to Figure 1B the remaining numerals in, the same considerations apply for the same components having the same numerals. Figure 1A

[0062] Figure 2 An example embodiment of a GUI 200 or pop-up window is shown that allows the clinician or other medical professional to adjust the pre-defined value ranges for the patient's vital signs (e.g., the minimum value of range 110 and the maximum value of range 108) and the focus value 112.

[0063] Figure 3 An example embodiment of a GUI 300 or pop-up window is shown that allows the clinician or other medical professional to adjust the minimum value 122 and the maximum value 120 of the drug dosage rate.

[0064] Figure 4 An example embodiment of a GUI 400 or pop-up window is shown that allows the clinician or other medical professional to adjust, for example, the length of the time period of the values to be presented on the historical data graph shown in Figure 1A .

[0065] Assuming that the clinician or other medical professional changes the automatic mode (in which the dosage rate of the drug is automatically adjusted) to the manual mode (in which the dosage rate of the drug is manually adjusted), it is contemplated that a different interface can be presented or displayed to indicate the change in mode and to visually show the amount or portion of time that the control is in the manual mode and the amount or portion of time that the control is in the automatic mode.

[0066] As can be seen from Figure 6 , the GUI 600 presents a graph of the historical data that is visually divided into a first portion of time 602 when the control is in the automatic mode and a second portion of time 604 when the control is in the manual mode. Of course, there can also be three or more time periods depending on the elapsed time that is displayed and the number of times the mode is switched during this time.

[0067] ​When both automatic and manual modes are available, preferably, the second time in target value 606 is presented, representing the time the patient's vital signs have been within a predetermined range when the system / control is in manual mode. To calculate the second time in target value 606, a second set of vital signs can be generated by selecting items from historical data falling within a second predefined time period. This second set of vital signs can be matched against the elapsed time period of historical vital sign information used for display in manual mode in GUI 600. The amount of time the second set of vital signs has been within the predetermined range can be determined or estimated, and this amount of time is divided by the second predefined time period.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the time in the target value 606 (e.g., 65%) is presented for the manual management of the patient's vital signs (e.g., during manual mode) and may be followed by the word "manual" to indicate that mode. Such a value 606 advantageously allows clinicians or other medical professionals to quickly understand how frequently the patient's vital signs remain within the predetermined range 606 when under manual control.

[0069] More preferably, the GUI 600 can display the first time of the target value 116 in automatic mode and the second time of the target value 606 in manual mode. This allows clinicians or other medical professionals to quickly compare the two values. Regarding Figure 6 The remaining numbers in the table, for those with Figure 1A The same considerations apply to similar components with similar numbers in the same format.

[0070] It is also conceivable that clinicians or other medical professionals can switch back to automatic mode and control the closed-loop system by selecting the automatic / manual management object 126 presented on the GUI 600. In some embodiments, when the automatic / manual management object 126 is selected, a new interface or pop-up window may be presented to allow switching the system mode. Figure 7 An exemplary interface 700 is shown, which allows clinicians or other medical professionals to switch between manual and automatic modes.

[0071] Figure 8 Another embodiment of the GUI 800 is shown, which distinguishes between system vital signs and operating values ​​in automatic and manual modes. Figure 8As shown, the GUI 800 presents a first portion of time 802 where the controls are in automatic mode, a second portion of time 804 where the controls are in manual mode, and a third portion of time 806 where the controls are in automatic mode. Preferably, the time in the target value 116 is presented, which represents the time when the patient's vital signs have been within the predetermined range while the system / controls were in the current mode (at this time, automatic mode). The time in the target value 116 (e.g., 95%) is for automatic management of the patient's vital signs, and can be followed by the word "automatic" or "auto" to indicate the current mode. As shown, this mode can also be represented by an "A" symbol displayed to the left of the time in the target value 116.

[0072] As discussed above in accordance with Figure 6 the GUI 800 can display the time in the target value 116 while in automatic mode and a second time in the target value representing the percentage of time that the patient's vital signs are within the predetermined range while in manual control mode to allow the clinician or other medical professional to quickly compare these two values. With respect to Figure 8 the remaining numerals in Figure 1A the same considerations apply for similar components with similar numerals in

[0073] Figure 11 Another embodiment of a GUI 1100 is shown, for example, as it can be displayed on a display screen. The GUI 1100 can display vital sign information 1102 for a patient and dose rate information 1104 for a medication being administered to the patient. The vital sign information 1102 can include, for example, the current vital signs of the patient received from a first source (e.g., a transducer or other sensor) and historical data charts / graphs related to the patient's vital signs based on previous information received from the first source.

[0074] Figure 12 A close-up view of the GUI 1100 is shown, which presents a preselected or preferred range 1106 for the patient's vital signs, which can be defined by a minimum value 1110 and a maximum value 1108. The GUI 1100 can also include a focus value 1112 for the vital signs, which, like the predetermined range 1106, can be set and / or changed by a clinician or other medical professional. The focus value 1112 can be used with an algorithm to determine a dose rate for a medication based on information for the patient, for example, as described above.

[0075] As Figure 11The GUI 1100 shown in FIG. 11 can also display or present a predetermined or preferred range 1106 of patient vital signs, which can be defined by a minimum value 1110 and a maximum value 1108, as described above. In some embodiments, it is contemplated that vital sign values within the predetermined range 1106 can be displayed in a first color and vital sign values outside of the predetermined range 1106 can be displayed in a different color. In this way, a clinician or other medical professional can quickly view where a patient’s vital signs are outside of the range 1106.

[0076] The GUI 1100 can also include a focus value 1112 of a vital sign, such as the preselected range 1106, which can be set and / or changed by a clinician or other medical professional. The focus value 1112 can be used with an algorithm to determine a dosage rate of a medication based on information of a patient, such as described in pending U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 17 / 365,730, filed July 1, 2021.

[0077] When a new vital sign is received from a first source, it is contemplated that the latest vital sign can be presented as the current vital sign 1114 and the previous vital signs can be saved into the historical data.

[0078] As shown, the historical data of the vital signs is preferably plotted or graphed on the GUI 1100 for quick review of the vital sign information 1102. In this way, the historical data can describe the vital sign information 1102 of a patient over a period of time. It is contemplated that a clinician or other medical professional can change the specific time period of the historical data displayed by selecting a time period object on the GUI 1100. Selecting this object can open a pop-up window or other interface to select a new time period, as described above.

[0079] A time in target percentage 1116 or other indicator can also be displayed on the GUI 1100. As described above, this time in target value 1116 represents the percentage of time that a patient’s vital signs remain within the predetermined range 1106. Calculating the time in target value 1116 can be generated by selecting items of historical data that fall within a predetermined time period, which can match the elapsed time period of the historical vital sign information displayed on the GUI 1100. The time that the first set of vital signs is within the predetermined range 1106 can be determined or estimated and that amount of time divided by the predetermined time period. As Figure 11 shown, the time in target value 1116 (e.g., 90%) is used to automatically manage a patient’s vital signs. Such a value 1116 advantageously allows a clinician to quickly understand how frequently a patient’s vital signs remain within the predetermined range 1106.

[0080] GUI 1100 also includes various other objects to allow setting a minimum value 1110, a maximum value 1108, and a focus value 1112. For example, imagine that the minimum value 1110, the maximum value 1108, and the focus value 1112 could each be, or together could be, optional objects, and once selected, could present a pop-up window or other changes to GUI 1100 (e.g., ...). Figure 21 The interface 2100 allows adjustment of one or more of the minimum value 1110, the maximum value 1108, and the focus value 1112. Alternatively, it can be envisioned that specific areas of the value can be selectable, as described above.

[0081] like Figure 11 As shown, GUI 1100 can also display information 1104 about the dose rate of the drug administered to the patient. For example, the current dose rate 1118 of the drug, as well as the minimum dose rate 1122 and the maximum dose rate 1120 of the drug, can be displayed. The minimum dose rate 1122 and the maximum dose rate 1120 can be selected by selecting dose rate objects on the GUI, which can generate a pop-up window or other interface 1120 for changing one or both of the minimum dose rate 1122 and the maximum dose rate. For example, it is anticipated that the minimum dose rate 1122 and the maximum dose rate 1120 may be, individually or jointly, selectable objects, and once selected, a pop-up window or other other changes to GUI 1100 may be presented, allowing adjustment of one or more values. Alternatively, it is conceivable that specific areas regarding values ​​may be selectable, as described above.

[0082] like Figure 11 As shown, it is envisioned that the current drug dose rate 1118 and historical dose rates can be plotted / drawn or otherwise presented on the GUI 1100 over elapsed time periods. This advantageously allows clinicians or other medical professionals to quickly ascertain changes in the dose rate over time, and whether the dose rate has significantly increased or decreased even though the patient's vital signs remain within a predetermined range 1106. It is envisioned that clinicians or other medical professionals can change the specific time period displayed for the historical data by selecting a time period object on the GUI 1100. Selecting this object can open a pop-up window or other interface to select a new time period, as described above.

[0083] In some embodiments, for example, a dose change indicator 1124 can be generated and presented on the GUI 1100, which is displayed next to the current dose rate 1118. The dose change indicator 1124 represents a trend line between the current dose rate and historical data, and can show whether the dose rate has changed slightly, drastically, or not at all, as well as the overall direction (e.g., an increase or decrease in the dose rate). As shown, the dose change indicator 1124 can be visually represented by one or more arrows, but can also be represented by other shapes or objects, colors, or other ways.

[0084] Such an indicator can also display vital sign information 1102, for example showing how the vital signs have changed over time.

[0085] In some embodiments, it is contemplated that the GUI 1100 can also display the amount of drug remaining, which can be estimated as a function of the initial drug volume, the current dose rate, and any historical dose rate data, as well as the estimated remaining dose. The estimated drug remaining amount can be displayed on the GUI 1100 as a drug amount.

[0086] As Figure 11 shown, an auto / manual management object 1126 can be presented on the GUI 1100, which can allow the system to switch from a closed-loop automatic system for managing the vital signs and current dose rate to a manual system by selecting the object 1126. In some embodiments, upon selection of the auto / manual management object 1126, a new interface or pop-up window can be presented to allow changing the system mode, for example as described above.

[0087] As Figure 13 shown, the GUI 1100 can also include one or more indicator objects 1140A, 1140B, which can be presented on the graph / chart of historical data of the vital signs 1102 at specific points in time. Thus, for example, a first indicator object 1140A can be presented on the historical data graph at a specific time between 2:06 PM and 3:06 PM, and a second indicator object 1140B can be presented on the historical data graph at a specific time between 3:06 PM and 4:06 PM. Preferably, the specific location of the one or more indicator objects 1140A, 1140B is correlated to the time at which a notable event occurred. Such events can include, for example, the detection of an anomaly or danger at a specific time, the receipt of an alarm / alert information triggering at a specific time, or a change or alarm related to a second vital sign of the patient being monitored.

[0088] While two indicator objects 1140A, 1140B are shown, it is contemplated that the number of indicator objects on the GUI 1100 will correspond to the number of particular alarms or other information to be presented. Further, it is contemplated that each of the indicator objects 1140A, 1140B will remain associated with a particular time on the graph. Thus, for example, as the historical data graph is updated to display different elapsed time periods, the indicator objects 1140A, 1140B will move to the left until they are no longer displayed or they are presented in a different manner.

[0089] Preferably, each of the indicator objects 1140A, 1140B includes a selectable object that can be clicked or otherwise selected by the clinician or other medical professional. As Figure 14 indicated, it is contemplated that upon selection of the first indicator object 1140A, for example, a first window 1150 can be overlaid on the GUI 1100, the first window 1150 containing a first set of information related to the object 1140A. The first set of information can include various information related to the patient and / or patient care. As Figure 14 indicated, the first information can relate to an irregular heartbeat of the patient detected at the particular time displayed on the graph by the indicator object 1140A. Alternatively, such information can include, for example, a blood oxygen saturation level of the patient, a body temperature of the patient, a second vital sign of the patient, a change in a medication dosage rate, a change in a second medication dosage rate, and the like.

[0090] It is particularly preferred that the first information contains or relates to information that is not otherwise reported on the GUI 1100. In this manner, the clinician or other medical professional can be alerted to relevant information about the patient that can not be routinely displayed on the GUI 1100 along with the vital signs of the patient and the medication dosage rates being administered.

[0091] With respect to the remaining numerals in Figure 13 and Figure 14 the same considerations apply for similar components having similar numerals in Figure 1A .

[0092] Figures 15-17 Another embodiment of a GUI 1200 for monitoring patient vital signs is shown, similar to those described above with respect to Figure 11 . As Figure 15As shown, one or more indicator objects 1240A-1240D can be displayed on a chart / graph of historical data of vital signs 1202 at a specific point in time. It is envisioned that one or more features (e.g., orientation, size, color, shape, etc.) of indicator objects 1240A-1240D can vary to visually indicate different information. For example, indicator object 1240A is represented by an upward arrow and can indicate a different state than indicator object 1240B (represented by a downward arrow), although the objects may overlap. While indicator object 1240C (represented by an upward arrow) can indicate similar information to indicator object 1240A because the symbols have the same shape and orientation. Conversely, indicator object 1240D can indicate a completely different state and object from indicator objects 1240A-1240C, and therefore has a different shape.

[0093] As described above, the specific location of one or more indicator objects 1240A-1240 can be related to the reason for creating the object. For example, this could be a specific time when an anomaly or hazard was detected, or when information triggering an alarm / alarm was received. Although four indicator objects are displayed, it is expected that the number of indicator objects on the GUI 1200 will be based on the specific alarm or other information to be presented. Furthermore, it is anticipated that each of the indicator objects 1240A-1240D will remain associated with a specific time on the chart. Therefore, when the chart is updated to display different time periods, the indicator objects will move to the left until, for example, they are no longer displayed or are presented in a different manner.

[0094] Preferably, each of the indicator objects 1240A-1240D may include a selectable object that a clinician or other medical professional clicks or otherwise selects. For example, such as Figure 16 As shown, it is anticipated that after selecting the second indicator object 1240B, the first window 1400 can be overlaid on the GUI 1300, and the first window 1400 contains a first set of information. Here, the first set of information relates to the change in the patient's drug dose rate at a specific time, where the indicator object 1240B is displayed in a graph at that specific time. Figure 17 As shown, after selecting the first indicator object 1240A, a second window 1450 can be overlaid on the GUI 1300. The second window 1450 contains a second set of information. Here, the second set of information relates to the change in the patient's drug dosage rate at a specific time, where the first indicator object 1240A is displayed in a graph at that specific time.

[0095] Figure 18Another embodiment of a GUI 1500 is shown, which can be presented on a display screen, for example, for monitoring vital signs of a patient and / or dose rates of medication administered to the patient. The GUI 1500 can display vital sign information 1502 of a patient and dose rate information 1504 administered to the patient. The vital sign information 1502 can include, for example, a current vital sign of the patient received from the first source and a chart / graph of historical data related to the vital sign of the patient based on previous information received from the first source. The GUI 1500 can also display or present a predetermined or preferred range 1506 of the vital sign of the patient, which can be defined by a minimum value 1510 and a maximum value 1508. In some embodiments, vital sign values expected to fall within the predetermined range 1506 can be displayed in a first color and vital sign values falling outside of the predetermined range 1506 can be displayed in a different color. In this way, a clinician or other medical professional can quickly view when the vital sign of the patient is outside of the range 1506.

[0096] The GUI 1500 can also include a focus value 1512 of the vital sign, which, like the predetermined range 1506, can be set and / or changed by a clinician or other medical professional. The focus value 1512 can be used with an algorithm to determine a medication dose rate based on patient information, as described in co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 365,730, filed July 1, 2021.

[0097] When a new vital sign is received from the first source, the most recent vital sign can be presented as the current vital sign 1514 and previous vital signs can be saved into the historical data.

[0098] As shown, the historical data of the vital sign can be preferably plotted on the GUI 1500 for quick viewing of the vital sign information 1502. In this way, the historical data can depict the vital sign information 1502 of the patient over a certain time period in the past. It can be expected that a clinician or other medical professional can change the specific time period of the historical data displayed by selecting a time period object on the GUI 1500. Selecting the object can open a pop-up window or otherwise present a modified interface to select a new time period, as described above.

[0099] As Figure 18As shown, the GUI 1500 is expected to present, in addition to historical data showing vital sign information 1502 for a past time period, current historical data for a second past time period 1503 of vital signs, which can be longer or shorter than the past time period. As shown, the second past time period is 12 hours, while the first past time period is 1 hour. These time periods can be changed as desired.

[0100] As noted above, the time or other indicator in the target percentage 1516 can also be displayed on the GUI 1500.

[0101] Figure 1A The same considerations for the same components having the same numbers appearing in Figure 18 apply to the remaining numbers in

[0102] Figure 19 Another embodiment of a GUI 1600 is shown, which can be presented on a display screen, for example, for monitoring a patient's vital signs and / or the dosage rate of a medication currently being administered to the patient. The GUI 1600 can display vital sign information 1602 for the patient and dosage rate information 1604. The vital sign information 1602 can include, for example, the current vital signs of the patient received from a first source and a graph of historical data related to the vital signs of the patient based on previous information received from the first source.

[0103] The GUI 1600 can also display or present a predetermined or preferred range 1606 for the patient's vital signs, for example, as a dial shown in the upper right corner of the GUI 1600. The predetermined range 1606 can be defined by a minimum value 1610 and a maximum value 1608. The GUI 1600 can also include a focus value 1612 for the vital signs, which, like the predetermined range 1606, can be set and / or changed by a clinician or other medical professional. Similar to a speedometer, the dial of the GUI 1600 can visually indicate the current vital signs 1614 relative to the predetermined range 1606. In this way, a clinician or other medical professional can quickly determine whether the vital signs of the patient have gone outside of the predetermined range 1606.

[0104] In such embodiments, the time in the target value 1616 as described above is expected to be displayed near the visual indicator of the predetermined range 1606. Figure 1A The same considerations for the same components having the same numbers appearing in Figure 19 apply to the remaining numbers in

[0105] Figure 20Another embodiment of a GUI 1700 is shown, which can be presented on a display screen, for example, for monitoring a patient's vital signs and / or the dose rate of a medication that is appropriate for the patient. The GUI 1700 can display vital sign information 1702 for the patient and dose rate information 1704. The vital sign information 1702 can include, for example, the current vital signs of the patient received from the first source and a graph of historical data related to the vital signs of the patient based on previous information received from the first source.

[0106] The GUI 1700 can also display or present a predetermined or preferred range 1706 of the patient's vital signs, for example, as a dial in the upper right corner of the GUI 1700. The predetermined range 1706 can be defined by a minimum value 1710 and a maximum value 1708. The GUI 1700 can also include a focus value 1712 for the vital signs, which, like the predetermined range 1706, can be set and / or changed by the clinician or other medical professional. Similar to a speedometer, the dial of the GUI 1700 can visually indicate the current vital signs 1714 relative to the predetermined range 1706. In this way, the clinician or other medical professional can quickly determine whether the vital signs of the patient have gone outside of the range predetermined range 1706.

[0107] In such embodiments, the time in the target value 1716 as described above can be displayed near the visual indicator of the range 1706.

[0108] As Figure 20 shown, the GUI 1700 can also display information 1704 about the dose rate of a medication being administered to the patient as a visual dial or gauge. For example, the current dose rate 1718 of the medication being administered can be displayed along with a preset minimum dose rate 1722 and maximum dose rate 1720 of the medication. The visual indication advantageously allows the clinician or other medical professional to quickly ascertain where the dose rate has fallen relative to the minimum dose rate 1722 and maximum dose rate 1720.

[0109] Figure 1A The same considerations for like-numbered components appearing in Figure 20 apply to the remaining numbers in

[0110] Figure 21 Another embodiment of a GUI 2100 is shown, which can be a pop-up window or other interface, allowing the clinician or other medical professional to adjust the pre-defined target range of the patient vital sign values (e.g., the minimum value range 1110 and the maximum value of the range 1108) and the focus value 1112 of the patient vital signs. The GUI 2100 can also be used to monitor the vital signs when changing between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and standard blood pressure (SBP) for a patient's blood pressure.

[0111] Figures 22A-22C Another embodiment of a GUI 2200 is shown for monitoring one or more vital signs of a patient that can be presented on a display screen of a device, for example. The GUI 2200 can display vital sign information 2202 of a patient and dose rate information 2204 of a medication administered to the patient. The vital sign information 2202 can include a current vital sign of the patient received from a first source, for example, and historical data related to the vital sign of the patient based on previous information received from the first source. When a new vital sign is received from the first source, it is contemplated that the most recent vital sign can be presented as the current vital sign 2214, and previous vital signs can be saved to the historical data and presented on the GUI 2200.

[0112] The GUI 2200 can also display or present a predetermined or preferred range 2206 of the vital sign of the patient, which can be defined by a minimum value 2210 and a maximum value 2208. In some embodiments, it is contemplated that the vital sign values of the patient that fall within the predetermined range 2206 can be displayed in a first color and the vital sign values of the patient that are outside of the predetermined range 2206 can be displayed in a different color. In this way, a clinician or other medical professional can quickly view when and for how long the vital sign of the patient is outside of the range 2206.

[0113] The GUI 2200 can also include a focus value 2212 of the vital sign, which like the predetermined range 2206, can be set and / or changed by a clinician or other medical professional. It is contemplated that the focus value 2212 can be used with an algorithm to determine a dose rate of a medication based on information of the patient, such as described above.

[0114] As shown, the historical data of the vital sign is preferably plotted on the GUI 2200 for quick viewing of the vital sign information 2202 of the patient. In this way, the historical data can depict the vital sign information 2202 of the patient over a period of time in the past. It is contemplated that a clinician or other medical professional can change the particular period of time of the historical data displayed by selecting a period of time object on the GUI 2200. Selecting this object can open a pop-up window or otherwise present a modified interface to select a new period of time. An exemplary embodiment of such an interface 400 is shown in Figure 4 .

[0115] The target percent time 2216 or other indicator can also be displayed on the GUI 2200. The time 2216 in the target value represents the percentage of time that the patient's vital sign values remain within the predetermined range 2206 over the time period displayed on the GUI 2200 or over some other set time period. To calculate the time in the target value 2216, a first set of vital signs can be generated by selecting items of historical data over a predefined time period that matches the past time period of historical vital sign information displayed on the GUI 2200. The amount of time that the first set of vital signs is within the predetermined range 2206 can be determined or estimated, and that amount of time divided by the predefined time period. The target value 2216 advantageously allows the clinician to quickly understand the percentage of time that the patient's vital signs remain within the predetermined range 2206.

[0116] The GUI 2200 can also display information 2204 of the drug dose being administered to the patient. For example, the current dose rate 2218 of the drug being administered can be displayed along with the minimum dose rate 2222 and the maximum dose rate 2220 of the drug. The minimum dose rate 2222 and the maximum dose rate 2220 can be selected by selecting the dose rate objects on the GUI 2200, which can generate a pop-up or other interface for changing one or both of the minimum dose rate 2222 and the maximum dose rate 2220. Alternatively, the minimum dose rate 2222 and the maximum dose rate 2220 can each or collectively be non-selectable objects, and once selected, a pop-up window or other change to the GUI 2200 can be presented that allows adjustment of one or more values. Alternatively, a particular region pertaining to the values is expected to be selectable. Figure 3 One embodiment of an interface 300 is shown that can display appropriate selection objects to change the minimum dose rate 2222 and / or the maximum dose rate 2220.

[0117] Preferably, the current dose rate 2218 and historical dose rates of the drug being administered can be plotted or otherwise presented on the GUI 2200 over a past time period. This advantageously allows the clinician or other medical professional to quickly learn about changes in the dose rate over time, and whether the dose rate has increased or decreased significantly despite the patient's vital signs remaining within the predetermined range 2204. It is contemplated that the clinician or other medical professional can change the particular time period of historical data displayed by selecting a time period object on the GUI 2200. Selecting this object can open a pop-up window or present a modified interface to select a new time period. An exemplary embodiment of such an interface 400 is shown in Figure 4 .

[0118] A dose change indicator 2224 can be presented on the GUI 2200, shown alongside the current dose rate 2218. The dose change indicator 2224 represents a trend line between the current dose rate and historical data for the medication, and can indicate that the dose rate has changed slightly, drastically, or not at all, as well as indicate the overall direction (e.g., an increase or decrease in the dose rate). The dose change indicator 2224 can be represented by one or more arrows that are visually apparent, but can also be represented by other shapes or objects, colors, or other means. Such an indicator can also be displayed for the vital sign information 2202, for example to show how the vital signs have changed over time.

[0119] The GUI 2200 can also include one or more indicator objects 2240A-2240D that can appear on or near the graph / chart of historical data for the vital signs 2202 at particular points in time. One or more features of each of the indicator objects 2240A-2240D (e.g., orientation, size, color, shape, etc.) can vary to visually indicate different information.

[0120] For example, the indicator object 2240A is represented by an upward arrow and can indicate a different state than the indicator object 2240B, represented by a downward arrow, although the subject matter of both can overlap. While the indicator object 2240C, represented by a square, can indicate different information than the indicator objects 2240A-2240B, as the shape of the symbol is different. In a similar manner, the indicator object 2240D can indicate a completely different state and subject matter than the indicator objects 2240A-2240C, as it has a different shape than the indicator objects 2240A-2240C.

[0121] As noted above, preferably the specific location of one or more of the indicator objects 2240A-2240D can be related to the reason for creating that object. This can be, for example, the specific time at which an anomaly or danger was detected, or the specific time at which information triggering an alert / alarm was received. While four indicator objects are shown, it is contemplated that the number of indicator objects on the GUI 2200 will be based on the particular alerts or other information to be presented. Further, it is contemplated that each of the indicator objects 2240A-2240D will remain associated with a particular time on the graph. Thus, when the graph is updated to display a different time period, the indicator objects will move to the left, for example, until they are no longer displayed or are presented in a different manner.

[0122] Preferably, each of the indicator objects 2240A-2240D can include a selectable object that can be clicked or otherwise selected by a clinician or other medical professional.

[0123] As Figure 22B As shown in one example, after selecting the first indicator object 2240A, window 2250 can be overlaid on GUI 2200. Window 2250 contains a first set of information. Here, the first set of information relates to the patient's stroke volume (SV) and is displayed as the stroke volume value at the time point where the first indicator object 2240A is located on the graph.

[0124] As Figure 22C In another example shown, after the fourth indicator object 2240D is selected, window 2252 can be overlaid on GUI 2200. Window 2252 contains a second set of information. Here, the second set of information relates to the patient's cardiac output (CO) and is displayed as the cardiac output value at the time point on the graph where the fourth indicator object 2240D is located.

[0125] In addition to cardiac output or stroke volume, the expected information may alternatively include other relevant information related to patient care. Such information may include, for example, the patient's heart rate, oxygen saturation level, body temperature, secondary vital signs, changes in drug dosage rate, and changes in the dosage rate of a second drug.

[0126] Particularly preferred is that the additional information includes or relates to information not otherwise reported on the GUI 2200. In this way, when monitoring a patient's vital signs and the dosage rate of the medication being administered, clinicians or other healthcare professionals can be alerted to relevant patient information that may not routinely be presented on the GUI 2200.

[0127] Figure 1A The same considerations regarding identical components with the same numbers appearing in the text also apply. Figures 22A-22C The remaining numbers in each of the diagrams.

[0128] Figure 23 Another embodiment of the GUI 2300 is shown for monitoring one or more vital signs of a patient, for example, which can be displayed on a device's screen. The GUI 2300 is similar to the GUI described above. Figure 22A The GUI shown differs in that selecting one of the indicator objects 2340A-2340D can display additional information related to the patient.

[0129] For example, after selecting the third indicator object 2340C, information 2303 about the patient's heart rate can be presented on the GUI 2300, including the current value of the patient's heart rate and historical heart rate data.

[0130] Upon selection of different indicator objects, it is contemplated that different information can be displayed in place of the heart rate information 2303.

[0131] Figure 22A The same considerations for like parts having like numerals appearing in Figure 23 apply to the remaining numerals in

[0132] As used herein, and unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term "connected to" is intended to include both direct connection (in which two elements that are connected to each other are in physical contact with each other) and indirect connection (in which at least one additional element is located between the two elements). Thus, the terms "connected to" and "connected with" are used synonymously.

[0133] In some embodiments, numbers that express quantities of ingredients, such as concentrations, reaction conditions, and so forth as used in describing and claiming certain embodiments of the present application are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term "about." Accordingly, in some embodiments, numerical parameters are approximations. Although the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the application are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable. The numerical values presented in some embodiments of the present application can contain certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

[0134] Unless the context indicates otherwise, all ranges set forth herein should be interpreted as including their endpoints, and open-ended ranges should be interpreted to include only commercially practical values. Likewise, all lists of values should be interpreted as including intermediate values unless the context indicates otherwise.

[0135] As used in the description of the application and the following claims, the meanings of "a", "an", and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Furthermore, as used in the description of the application, the meaning of "in" includes "in" and "on" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0136] The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each integer falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the application and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the application otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the application.

[0137] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the application disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to individually or can be combined with other group members or other elements to form further combinations. One or more group members can be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and / or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus resulting in a disclosure of all possible combinations that exist.

[0138] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concepts disclosed herein. Accordingly, the subject matter of the present application is not to be limited to the specific examples described herein, but rather only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible way consistent with the context. In particular, the use of "about" in relation to a reference number can encompass the exact number and / or numbers within 10% of the exact number, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Additionally, the use of "at least one of" in the context of a listing of elements means that at least one of the listed elements is present in the combination, and can also mean that at least one of the listed elements is present while additionally, there are other elements present not listed.

Claims

1. A system for managing a patient's vital signs, comprising: a display configured to present a graphical user interface (GUI); a receiver adapted to receive information about a patient's vital signs from a first source; and a processor communicatively linked to the receiver to obtain information from the first source and to the display to control information presented on the GUI, wherein the processor is configured to present on the GUI information about the vital signs and information about a medication being administered to the patient; wherein the GUI further comprises: a presentation of a current vital sign of the patient based on information received from the first source; a presentation of a historical data chart related to the vital signs of the patient based on information received from the first source; a time in target value of an amount of time in the past that the vital signs were in a desired range, wherein the processor is configured to (i) generate a first set of vital signs by selecting items of historical data for a predefined time period, and (ii) form the time in target value by determining an amount of time in the past that the first set of vital signs were in the desired range and dividing the amount of time in the past by the predefined time period; the time in target value provides a clinician with a quick understanding of a percentage of time that the first set of vital signs remained in the desired range; the processor is configured to display an alert on the GUI if the time in target value is less than a predetermined threshold.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, the GUI further comprises: a minimum value and a maximum value that collectively define the desired range of the vital signs.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, the GUI further comprises: a focus value for the vital signs.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein, the focus value is not equal to a median of the minimum value and the maximum value of the desired range of the vital signs.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, the GUI further comprises: a minimum dose rate of the medication; a maximum dose rate of the medication; a current dose rate of the medication being administered to the patient; and a second historical data related to dose rates of the medication based on information received from a second source.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein, the GUI further comprises: a dose change indicator representing a change in dose rate between the current dose rate and a new dose rate.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein, the GUI further comprises: a time period object that is selectable to change the predefined time period.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein, the processor is further configured to present an alert on the GUI upon receiving an alert command from an external source, and wherein the alert comprises a visual indicator on the GUI.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein, the GUI further comprises: a first indicator object on the historical data chart at a specific time of the chart; and upon selecting the first indicator object, the processor causes a first window to overlay on the GUI, wherein the first window contains a first set of information.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein, the information is related to an irregular heartbeat of the patient detected by the processor at the specific time.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein, the information is related to a change in dose rate of the medication in response to the current vital signs.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein, the information is related to a second vital sign of the patient received by the receiver from a second source.

13. The system of claim 5, wherein, the GUI further comprises a manual management object that is selectable to switch the system from a closed-loop automatic system for managing the vital signs and the current dose rate to a manual system, and the system further comprises: Upon selecting the manually managed object, the processor is configured to generate a second set of vital signs by selecting the historical data items for a second predefined time period, wherein the second predefined time period includes at least a portion of time when the manual system was activated by the manually managed object; a second time in the target value by determining an amount of time that the second set of vital signs was within a desired range and dividing the amount of time by the second predefined time period; the second time in the target value provides the clinician with a quick understanding of the percentage of time that the manually controlled second set of vital signs remained within the desired range; displaying the time in the target value and the second time in the target value on the GUI; allowing the clinician to quickly compare the time in the target value and the second time in the target value.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein, the processor is further configured to estimate a remaining amount of medication from an initial medication volume, a current dose rate, and any historical dose rate data, and wherein the GUI further includes the estimated remaining amount of medication.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein, the first set of vital signs includes mean arterial pressure of the patient, and wherein the first source includes a transducer attached to the patient.

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