Coal mine permitted digital electronic detonator initiator and initiation control method

Abstract

The present invention provides a coal permitted digital electronic detonator initiator and an initiation control method that meet the standards of the civil explosive industry and coal mine safety standards. The main control module of the initiation controller of the present invention is connected to the digital electronic detonator communication module through a two-stage communication protection circuit, which not only conducts communication detection and initiation stage-by-stage conduction control for coal permitted digital electronic detonators, but also through two-stage current limiting and voltage limiting protection, that is, the current and voltage of the initiator and the digital electronic detonator communication detection and initiation control circuit not only meet the energy required for digital electronic detonator communication detection and initiation, but also meet the requirements of intrinsic safety, and will not ignite the dangerous mixed gas due to component heating or arc electric sparks, etc., nor will the detonator misfire due to faults, thereby improving the safety of electronic detonator blasting, especially suitable for blasting in special environments such as coal mines or with flammable and explosive gases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of industrial explosives, and specifically to a permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines and an initiation control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coal mines are a special industry. The underground environment of coal mines is harsh, and environmental factors such as gas, dust, water, and fire pose great challenges to the safety of underground blasting operations in coal mines. There are strict requirements for products used in coal mines, such as current and energization time.

[0003] With the rapid development of digital electronic detonators in China, although the permitted electronic detonators for coal mines, which are one of the important scenarios for blasting applications, are still in the initial exploration stage, with the proposal of the national policy for the full application and promotion of digital electronic detonators, the research and development of permitted digital electronic detonators for coal mines and their initiation control equipment are imperative. When the initiation controller is used underground in coal mines, it will be affected by various interferences, such as static electricity, power frequency interference, radiation, etc., which may cause communication interference, even equipment damage and potential safety hazards. At present, the initiators used in coal mines at home and abroad are explosion-proof electric detonator initiators, and there is still a blank for the intrinsically safe permitted electronic detonator initiation controller for coal mines. Therefore, it has become an urgent need in the promotion process of permitted digital electronic detonators for coal mines to develop a permitted digital electronic detonator initiator that meets the requirements of "GB 3836.1-2010 Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment - General requirements" and "GB 3836.4-2010 Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protected by intrinsic safety 'i'". On the one hand, the permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines must meet the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit for coal mines, and on the other hand, it must be able to achieve the blasting control of digital electronic detonators and provide the energy required for their blasting, which has become the key core technology that needs to be overcome for the permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines and an initiation control method that meet the industrial explosive industry standards and coal mine safety standards, to provide an initiator and an initiation control method for permitted digital electronic detonators for coal mines that can not only achieve the energy required for the initiation of digital electronic detonators but also meet the supervision and safety requirements for underground applications in coal mines, and to fill the blank of the intrinsically safe permitted electronic detonator initiation controller for coal mines.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines, including a main control module, and a display module, a key module, a positioning module, an identity authentication module, a storage module, a system power supply module, a supervision platform communication module, and a digital electronic detonator communication module respectively connected to the main control module, where:

[0007] The main control module is used to control the communication between the supervision platform communication module and the third-party supervision platform, as well as the communication between the storage module, the digital electronic detonator communication module and the upper computer or the digital electronic detonator. The main control module receives the input information of the key module and outputs it to the display module directly or after processing. The main control module controls the identity authentication module to perform personnel identity verification, and the main control module controls the positioning module to realize the position positioning and position information comparison of the initiator;

[0008] The display module is used to display the received and input information;

[0009] The key module is used to input information to the main control module;

[0010] The positioning module is used to receive and execute the control command sent by the main control module, and send the position information of the initiator to the main control module under the control of the main control module;

[0011] The identity authentication module is used to perform the identity authentication of the operator;

[0012] The storage module is used to store the data received and sent by the main control module, as well as the detonation log and operation log;

[0013] The system power module supplies power to each module and performs power management;

[0014] The supervision platform communication module is communicatively connected to the third-party supervision platform and is used for two-way communication between the main control module and the third-party supervision platform, sending initiator positioning, identity authentication, detonation application information, and receiving detonation authorization information;

[0015] The digital electronic detonator communication module is connected to the digital electronic detonator and is also connected to the main control module through a two-stage communication protection circuit, and is used for two-way communication between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator; the two-stage communication protection circuit includes a communication detection two-stage protection circuit and a detonation control two-stage protection circuit; the communication detection two-stage protection circuit is used to limit the current and voltage in the communication detection process between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator within the intrinsically safe range and realize safety protection; the detonation control two-stage protection circuit is used to limit the current and voltage in the detonation control process between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator within the intrinsically safe range and realize safety protection; the intrinsically safe voltages limited by the communication detection two-stage protection circuit and the detonation control two-stage protection circuit are different, and the intrinsically safe voltage of the communication detection two-stage protection circuit is lower than the intrinsically safe voltage of the detonation control two-stage protection circuit.

[0016] Further, the two-stage communication protection circuit includes a communication power supply protection circuit I as the primary protection circuit, and a communication stage protection circuit II and a detonation stage protection circuit II as the secondary protection circuits; the communication power supply protection circuit I is a switching circuit, the communication stage protection circuit II and the detonation stage protection circuit II are respectively connected to the communication power supply protection circuit I, the communication stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are connected to form a communication detection two-stage protection circuit, and the detonation stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are connected to form a detonation control two-stage protection circuit.

[0017] Further preferably, the input end of the communication stage protection circuit II is connected to the communication power supply module, the communication power supply module is connected to the main control module, the output end of the communication stage protection circuit II is connected to the input end of the communication power supply protection circuit I to form a communication detection two-stage protection circuit; the input end of the detonation stage protection circuit II is connected to the detonation power supply module, the detonation power supply module is connected to the main control module, the output end of the detonation stage protection circuit II is connected to the input end of the communication power supply protection circuit I to form a detonation control two-stage protection circuit; the output end of the communication power supply protection circuit I is connected to the input end of the digital electronic detonator communication module; the main control module controls the start-up / shutdown of the communication stage protection circuit II and the detonation stage protection circuit II by controlling the power supply on / off of the communication power supply module and the detonation power supply module.

[0018] Further, the detonator further includes a scanning head, and the scanning head is connected to the main control module for scanning and verifying the coal-permissible digital electronic detonators.

[0019] Further, the detonator further includes a buzzer, and the buzzer is connected to the main control module for the main control module to receive and send information to remind of abnormal situation alarms.

[0020] Further, the supervision platform communication module is Bluetooth and the connected mobile phone, and an APP software for detonation communication is set on the mobile phone.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for controlling the detonation of coal-permissible electric digital electronic detonators, including the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Self-check

[0023] The digital electronic detonator detonator performs a power-on self-check.

[0024] Step 2: Identity verification

[0025] The identity of the operator is verified. If the verification is passed, the next operation is entered. Otherwise, the digital electronic detonator detonator is in the standby state.

[0026] Step 3: Register the digital electronic detonators

[0027] The initiator registers the digital electronic detonator and connects the leg wires of the digital electronic detonator to the initiator. The initiator detects the digital electronic detonator and displays the results;

[0028] Step 4: Initiation application and authorization

[0029] The main control module of the initiator sends the initiation application information to the third-party supervision platform through the supervision platform communication module. The initiation application information includes the initiator positioning information, initiation construction-related information, the number of digital electronic detonators and their working code information. After receiving and approving the initiation application information, the third-party supervision platform issues the authorization information. The initiator receives the initiation authorization information through the supervision platform communication module. The initiator verifies and decrypts the initiation authorization information with the registered digital electronic detonator information, including verifying the blasting range, the password validity period of the digital electronic detonator, and the blasting time information, and decrypting the working code composed of the digital electronic detonator UID code, initiation password, and detonator shell code. If the verification does not match and / or the decryption fails, the initiator gives a buzzer alarm prompt and prohibits networking. If the verification matches and / or the decryption is successful, it enters the next step of networking detection;

[0030] Step 5: Networking detection

[0031] The main control module of the initiator controls to turn on the switch of the communication power supply module. At this time, the communication stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are conductively connected to form a two-stage protection circuit for communication detection. The two-stage protection circuit for communication detection is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the digital electronic detonator communication module. The communication power supply module charges the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection to reach the communication voltage value required for networking detection, and detects the bridge wire, initiation capacitor, and initiation capacitor charge and discharge circuit of the registered digital electronic detonator to determine whether the digital electronic detonator is offline. During the networking detection process, the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection limits the detected voltage and current not to exceed the limit value, meeting the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit;

[0032] Step 6: Charging

[0033] The main control module of the initiator controls to turn on the switch of the detonator initiation power supply module. At this time, the initiation stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are conductively connected to form a two-stage protection circuit for initiation control. The two-stage protection circuit for initiation control is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the digital electronic detonator communication module. The initiation power supply module charges the two-stage protection circuit for initiation control to reach the voltage value required for initiation. During the charging process, the two-stage protection circuit for initiation control limits the detected voltage and current not to exceed the limit value, meeting the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit;

[0034] Step 7: Initiation

[0035] After the main control module sends the detonation command, it reaches the digital electronic detonator through the detonation stage protection circuit II and the connection communication power supply protection circuit I and the digital electronic detonator communication module. The digital electronic detonator starts the detonation switch, the detonation capacitor discharges the bridge wire, and the digital electronic detonator detonates;

[0036] Step 8: Data backup

[0037] The storage module backs up all blasting data and transmits it back to the supervision platform in real time or periodically for query and tracing.

[0038] Furthermore, the command sent by the main control module of the detonator to the digital electronic detonator has a check byte. If the digital electronic detonator fails the check process, the command will be invalid, thereby preventing the wrong command from being sent.

[0039] Furthermore, the voltage is lower than the detonation voltage, thereby reducing the risk of false detonation during the detection process and improving safety.

[0040] Furthermore, the method for registering the digital electronic detonator by the detonator in step three includes scanning registration by a scanning head, live contact registration by a wiring terminal, or non-electrical registration by directly importing the digital electronic detonator information of a host computer.

[0041] The digital electronic digital detonator detonation controller of Meixu will be subject to various interferences when used in coal mines, such as static electricity, power frequency interference, radiation, etc., which may cause communication interference and even damage to equipment and safety hazards. In order to avoid the impact of interference on the function of the detonation controller and damage to the components, the detonation controller adopts multiple protection technologies to protect the equipment. The digital electronic digital detonator detonation controller and detonation control method of the present invention are designed based on the basic functions of the blasting operation process and in combination with the characteristics of the underground coal mine environment. The advantages are:

[0042] 1. The detonation controller is equipped with a two-level communication protection circuit with voltage limiting and current limiting. It not only controls the detection and detonation of coal digital electronic detonators in stages, but also limits the current and voltage of the discharge circuit of the communication power module and the detonation power module through two-level current limiting and voltage limiting protection. It not only meets the energy required for communication detection and detonation of digital electronic detonators, but also meets the intrinsic safety requirements. It will not ignite dangerous mixed gases due to component heating or arc sparks, and will not cause detonators to explode by mistake due to faults, thereby improving the safety of electronic detonator blasting. It is especially suitable for blasting in special environments such as mining or with flammable and explosive gases.

[0043] 2. The voltage of the communication detection protection two-stage protection circuit in the two-stage protection circuit is lower than the voltage of the detonation control two-stage protection circuit, that is, the voltage in the communication detection stage is lower than the detonation voltage, which avoids false detonation during network detection and further improves the safety of detonation control;

[0044] 3. The communication of the detonator controller adopts verification processing and does not process the message after interference to avoid false alarms.

[0045] The present invention meets the civil explosive industry standards and coal mine safety standards. It can not only achieve the energy required for the detonation of digital electronic detonators, but also conform to the regulatory and safety type coal mine approved digital electronic detonator initiator and detonation control method for safe application in coal mine shafts, filling the gap of intrinsically safe coal mine approved electronic detonator detonator controllers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal mine approved digital electronic detonator initiator in Embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the coal mine approved digital electronic detonator detonation control method in Embodiment 1;;

[0049] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of Communication Power Supply Protection Circuit Ⅰ of the two-stage communication protection circuit in;

[0050] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of Communication Stage Protection Circuit Ⅱ and Communication Power Supply Module of the communication detection two-stage protection circuit in;

[0051] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of Detonation Stage Protection Circuit Ⅱ and Detonation Power Supply Module of the detonation control two-stage protection circuit in;

[0052] Figure 6 is Figure 4 a simplified circuit diagram of;

[0053] Figure 7 is Figure 5 a simplified circuit diagram of. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0054] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation schemes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of this embodiment.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] In order to solve the problem that the digital electronic detonator initiator meets the coal mine safety standards, so that on the premise of meeting the civil explosive industry standards and coal mine safety standards, it can not only achieve the energy required for the detonation of digital electronic detonators, but also conform to the regulatory and safety type coal mine approved digital electronic detonator initiator and detonation control method for safe application in coal mine shafts, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines, which includes a main control module, and a display module, a key module, a positioning module, an identity authentication module, a storage module, a scanning head, a buzzer, a system power module, a supervision platform communication module, and a digital electronic detonator communication module respectively connected to the main control module, wherein:

[0057] The main control module is used to control the communication between the supervision platform communication module and the third-party supervision platform, as well as the communication between the storage module, the digital electronic detonator communication module and the host computer or the digital electronic detonator. The main control module receives the input information of the key module, and directly or after processing, outputs it to the display module. The main control module controls the identity authentication module to perform personnel identity verification, and the main control module controls the positioning module to realize the position positioning and position information comparison of the initiator;

[0058] The display module is the display screen of the initiator, which is used to display the received and input information;

[0059] The key module is provided with operable keys, which are used to input information to the main control module;

[0060] The positioning module is a GPS positioning module or a Beidou positioning module, which is used to receive and execute the control command sent by the main control module, and under the control of the main control module, send the position information of the initiator to the main control module;

[0061] The identity authentication module is a dedicated data lock, which is used to perform the identity authentication of the operator;

[0062] The storage module is used to store the data received and sent by the main control module, as well as the detonation log and operation log;

[0063] The scanning head module is the scanning head, which is used to scan and verify the permitted digital electronic detonator for coal;

[0064] The buzzer is used to alarm the abnormal situation when the main control module receives and sends information to remind;

[0065] The system power module supplies power to each module and performs power management;

[0066] The supervision platform communication module is a Bluetooth and the connected mobile phone. The mobile phone is provided with an APP software for detonation communication, which is used for two-way communication between the main control module and the third-party supervision platform, sending the initiator positioning, identity authentication, and detonation application information, and receiving the detonation authorization information;

[0067] The communication module of the digital electronic detonator includes a level detection circuit and a switch. The initiator is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the BUS bus and is also connected to the main control module through a two-stage communication protection circuit for two-way communication between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator. The level detection circuit detects the level acquisition instruction information of the main control module, and the digital electronic detonator increases the BUS bus current through the switch and transmits the return information to the main control module.

[0068] The two-stage communication protection circuit includes a communication power supply protection circuit Ⅰ as the primary protection circuit, and a communication stage protection circuit Ⅱ and an initiation stage protection circuit Ⅱ as the secondary protection circuits. The communication power supply protection circuit Ⅰ is a switching circuit, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0069] The output end of the communication stage protection circuit Ⅱ is connected to the input end of the communication power supply protection circuit Ⅰ, the output end of the communication power supply protection circuit Ⅰ is connected to the input end of the digital electronic detonator communication module, the input end of the communication stage protection circuit Ⅱ is connected to the communication power supply module, and the communication power supply module is connected to the main control module to form a two-stage communication detection protection circuit. The communication stage protection circuit Ⅱ and the communication power supply module are as Figure 4 shown. The main control module controls the start-up / shutdown of the communication stage protection circuit Ⅱ by controlling the power supply on / off of the communication power supply module; the two-stage communication detection protection circuit is used to limit the current and voltage in the communication detection process between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator within the intrinsically safe range and achieve safety protection.

[0070] The output end of the initiation stage protection circuit Ⅱ is connected to the input end of the communication power supply protection circuit Ⅰ, the input end of the initiation stage protection circuit Ⅱ is connected to the initiation power supply module, and the initiation power supply module is connected to the main control module to form a two-stage initiation control protection circuit. The initiation stage protection circuit Ⅱ and the initiation power supply module are as Figure 5 shown. The main control module controls the start-up / shutdown of the initiation stage protection circuit Ⅱ by controlling the power supply on / off of the initiation power supply module; the two-stage initiation control protection circuit is used to limit the current and voltage in the initiation control process between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator within the intrinsically safe range and achieve safety protection.

[0071] The intrinsically safe voltages limited by the two-stage communication detection protection circuit and the two-stage initiation control protection circuit are different. The intrinsically safe voltage of the two-stage communication detection protection circuit is lower than that of the two-stage initiation control protection circuit.

[0072] As Figure 2 shown, the initiation control method using the above-mentioned coal mine permitted digital electronic detonator initiator includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Self-check

[0074] The digital electronic detonator initiator performs a power-on self-check.

[0075] Step Two: Identity Verification

[0076] Authenticate the operator through a dedicated data lock to ensure the safety of initiating detonation. If the verification is passed, proceed to the next step; otherwise, the digital electronic detonator initiator remains in the standby state.

[0077] Step Three: Register the Digital Electronic Detonators

[0078] The initiator scans 100 pre-set digital electronic detonators through a scanning head to detect the digital electronic detonators, and the results are displayed on the display screen of the initiator. Connect the leg wires of the 100 registered digital electronic detonators to the initiator through the BUS bus.

[0079] The method for registering digital electronic detonators also includes live contact registration at the terminal or non-electric registration by directly importing the information of digital electronic detonators from the host computer. Scanning registration is simple and convenient, and more in line with the actual operation requirements.

[0080] Step Four: Initiation Application and Authorization

[0081] The main control module of the initiator sends the initiation application information to the third-party supervision platform through a mobile phone with the initiation communication APP software. The initiation application information includes the initiator positioning information, initiation construction-related information, and information of 100 digital electronic detonators and their working codes. After receiving and approving the initiation application information, the third-party supervision platform issues authorization information. After receiving the initiation authorization information, the mobile phone with the initiation communication APP software transmits it to the initiator through Bluetooth. The initiator verifies and decrypts the initiation authorization information with the registered digital electronic detonator information, including verifying the blasting range, the validity period of the digital electronic detonator password, and the blasting time information, and decrypting the working code composed of the UID code, initiation password, and detonator shell code of 100 digital electronic detonators. If the verification does not match and / or the decryption fails, the initiator gives a buzzer alarm prompt and prohibits networking. If the verification matches and / or the decryption is successful, proceed to the next step of network detection;

[0082] Step Five: Network Detection

[0083] The main control module of the initiator controls to turn on the switch of the communication power supply module. At this time, the communication stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are conductively connected to form a two-stage protection circuit for communication detection. The two-stage protection circuit for communication detection is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the digital electronic detonator communication module; the instruction sent by the main control module of the initiator carries a check byte. If the verification process of the digital electronic detonator passes, the networking detection is completed. If the verification process of the digital electronic detonator fails, the networking detection instruction becomes invalid; during the networking detection process, the communication power supply module charges the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection to reach the communication voltage of 10.5V required for networking detection; the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection limits the voltage of the communication stage protection circuit II not to exceed 11V and the current not to exceed 100mA, and the voltage of the communication power supply protection circuit I not to exceed 20V and the current not to exceed 100mA, meeting the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit, and detecting the bridge wire, initiating capacitor, and initiating capacitor charge and discharge circuit of the registered digital electronic detonator to determine whether the digital electronic detonator is offline;

[0084] Step Six: Charging

[0085] The main control module of the initiator controls to turn on the switch of the detonator initiation power supply module. At this time, the initiation stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are conductively connected to form a two-stage protection circuit for initiation control. The two-stage protection circuit for initiation control is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the digital electronic detonator communication module; the instruction sent by the main control module of the initiator carries a check byte. If the verification process of the digital electronic detonator passes, the charging is completed. If the verification process of the digital electronic detonator fails, the charging instruction becomes invalid; during the charging process, the initiation power supply module charges the two-stage protection circuit for initiation control to reach the voltage of 18V required for initiation; the two-stage protection circuit for initiation control limits the voltage of the initiation stage protection circuit II not to exceed 18V and the current not to exceed 100mA, and the voltage of the communication power supply protection circuit I not to exceed 20V and the current not to exceed 100mA, meeting the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit.

[0086] Step Seven: Initiation

[0087] After the main control module sends the initiation instruction, it reaches the digital electronic detonator through the initiation stage protection circuit II, the connected communication power supply protection circuit I, and the digital electronic detonator communication module. The digital electronic detonator activates the initiation switch, and the initiating capacitor discharges to the bridge wire, and the digital electronic detonator detonates;

[0088] Step Eight: Data Backup

[0089] The storage module backs up all blasting data and transmits it back to the supervision platform in real time or regularly for query and traceability.

[0090] According to GB 3836.4-2010 "Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protected by type 'i' of intrinsically safe", the standard safety requirements of the output capacitance, output current, and output inductance of the present invention are verified.

[0091] 1. As Figure 6 shown, calculate the output capacitance, output current, and output inductance of the communication detection two-stage protection circuit.

[0092] (1) Maximum allowable current

[0093] The communication voltage is 10.5V. Considering the factor of 10% power supply fluctuation, E = 10.5V x 1.1 = 11.55V, taking 12V, and the safety factor is 1.5. According to Appendix Table A.1 of GB 3836.4-2010 "Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protected by type 'i' of intrinsic safety", the circuit current value is calculated from the voltage of 12.1V. The communication detection two-stage protection circuit limits the current to 100mA, and the fuse threshold is also 100mA, meeting the requirements of intrinsic safety.

[0094] (2) Circuit capacitance

[0095] The capacitance value of the overall communication circuit of the initiator during the networking detection stage is 12.4uF, and the safety factor is 1.5. At this time, the circuit voltage is increased to: 1.5 x 10.5V = 15.75V, taking 15.8V. According to Appendix Table A.2 of GB 3836.4-2010 "Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protected by type 'i' of intrinsic safety", at a voltage of 15.8V, the capacitance value corresponding to not causing ignition is 65uF, and 12.4uF is less than 65uF, meeting the requirements of intrinsic safety.

[0096] (3) Circuit inductance

[0097] For the communication stage protection circuit II of the communication detection two-stage protection circuit, the inductor value of the voltage regulator chip is <<0.0001H, the maximum current flowing through is 100mA, the safety factor is taken as 1.5, and the current increases to 1.5 x 100mA = 150mA. According to 0.0001H, the minimum ignition current is found to be 0.27A, meeting the requirements of intrinsic safety.

[0098] 2. As Figure 7 shown, calculate the output capacitance, output current, and output inductance of the initiation control two-stage protection circuit.

[0099] (1) Maximum allowable current

[0100] The initiating voltage is 18V. Considering a 10% power supply fluctuation factor, E = 18V x 1.1 = 19.8V. With a safety factor of 1.5, according to Appendix Table A.1 of GB 3836.4-2010 "Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protected by type 'i' of intrinsic safety", the minimum ignition current = 480 mA. Then the maximum allowable current = minimum ignition current / safety factor = 320 mA. The current-limiting value of the two-stage protection circuit for initiating control is 100mA, and the fuse threshold is also 100 mA, meeting the requirements of intrinsic safety.

[0101] (2)Circuit capacitance

[0102] The capacitance of the overall communication circuit of the initiator during the charging stage is 7uF. With a safety factor of 1.5, the circuit voltage is increased to 1.5 X 18V = 27V. According to Appendix Table A.2 of GB 3836.4-2010 "Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protected by type 'i' of intrinsic safety", when the voltage is 27 V, the capacitance value corresponding to not causing ignition is 9uF, meeting the requirements of intrinsic safety.

[0103] (3)Circuit inductance

[0104] The inductance value in Protection Circuit II during the initiating stage is 10uH << 0.0001 H, and the maximum current flowing through it is 100mA. With a safety factor of 1.5, the current increases to 1.5 X 100 mA = 150 mA. According to 0.0001H, the minimum ignition current is found to be 0.27 A, meeting the requirements of intrinsic safety.

[0105] The above verification shows that the output capacitance, output current, and output inductance of the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection and the two-stage protection circuit for initiating control are all within the standard safety requirements; and the communication voltage is lower than the initiating voltage, thus reducing the risk of mis-initiation during the detection process and improving safety.

[0106] Digital electronic digital detonator detonation controllers are subject to various interferences when used in coal mines, such as static electricity, power frequency interference, radiation, etc., which may cause communication interference and even equipment damage and safety hazards. In order to avoid interference affecting the function of the detonation controller and damage to the components, the detonation controller uses multiple protection technologies to protect the equipment. The detonation controller of the present invention has a two-stage communication protection circuit with voltage limiting and current limiting inside, which not only controls the detection and detonation of coal digital electronic detonators in stages, but also limits the current and voltage of the discharge circuit of the communication power module and the detonation power module through two-stage current limiting and voltage limiting protection, which not only meets the energy required for communication detection and detonation of digital electronic detonators, but also meets the intrinsic safety requirements, and will not ignite dangerous mixed gases due to component heating or arc sparks, nor will the detonator explode by mistake due to failure, thereby improving the safety of electronic detonator blasting, and is particularly suitable for blasting in special environments such as mining or with flammable and explosive gases; in the two-stage protection circuit, the voltage of the two-stage protection circuit of communication detection protection is lower than the voltage of the two-stage protection circuit of detonation control, that is, the voltage in the communication detection stage is lower than the detonation voltage, thereby avoiding false detonation during networking detection, and further improving the safety of detonation control; a buzzer is equipped for alarm management of overcurrent and overvoltage, thereby avoiding device damage caused by abnormal operation; the detonation controller communication adopts verification processing, and does not process the message after interference, thereby avoiding the occurrence of false alarms.

[0107] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. Permissible digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines, characterized in that: It includes a main control module, as well as a display module, a key module, a positioning module, an identity authentication module, a storage module, a system power supply module, a supervision platform communication module, and a digital electronic detonator communication module that are respectively connected to the main control module. Among them: The main control module is used to control the communication between the supervision platform communication module and a third-party supervision platform, as well as the communication between the storage module, the digital electronic detonator communication module and the host computer or the digital electronic detonator. The main control module receives the input information from the key module and outputs it to the display module directly or after processing. The main control module controls the identity authentication module to perform personnel identity verification, and the main control module controls the positioning module to achieve the position positioning and position information comparison of the detonator; The display module is used to display the received and input information; The key module is used to input information to the main control module; The positioning module is used to receive and execute the control command sent by the main control module, and under the control of the main control module, send the position information of the detonator to the main control module; The identity authentication module is used to perform the identity authentication of the operator; The storage module is used to store the data received and sent by the main control module, as well as the detonation log and operation log; The system power supply module supplies power to each module and performs power management; The supervision platform communication module is communicatively connected to a third-party supervision platform, and is used for two-way communication between the main control module and the third-party supervision platform, sending detonator positioning, identity authentication, detonation application information, and receiving detonation authorization information; The digital electronic detonator communication module is connected to the digital electronic detonator and is also connected to the main control module through a two-stage communication protection circuit, and is used for two-way communication between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator; the two-stage communication protection circuit includes a communication detection two-stage protection circuit and a detonation control two-stage protection circuit; the communication detection two-stage protection circuit is used to limit the current and voltage in the communication detection process between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator within the intrinsically safe range and achieve safety protection; the detonation control two-stage protection circuit is used to limit the current and voltage in the detonation control process between the main control module and the digital electronic detonator within the intrinsically safe range and achieve safety protection; the intrinsically safe voltages limited by the communication detection two-stage protection circuit and the detonation control two-stage protection circuit are different, and the intrinsically safe voltage of the communication detection two-stage protection circuit is lower than the intrinsically safe voltage of the detonation control two-stage protection circuit; The described two-stage communication protection circuit includes a communication power supply protection circuit I as the primary protection circuit, and a communication stage protection circuit II and a detonation stage protection circuit II as the secondary protection circuits; the communication power supply protection circuit I is a switching circuit, the communication stage protection circuit II and the detonation stage protection circuit II are respectively connected to the communication power supply protection circuit I, the communication stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are connected to form a communication detection two-stage protection circuit, and the detonation stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are connected to form a detonation control two-stage protection circuit; the input end of the communication stage protection circuit II is connected to the communication power supply module, the communication power supply module is connected to the main control module, and the output end of the communication stage protection circuit II is connected to the input end of the communication power supply protection circuit I to form a communication detection two-stage protection circuit; the input end of the detonation stage protection circuit II is connected to the detonation power supply module, the detonation power supply module is connected to the main control module, and the output end of the detonation stage protection circuit II is connected to the input end of the communication power supply protection circuit I to form a detonation control two-stage protection circuit; the output end of the communication power supply protection circuit I is connected to the input end of the digital electronic detonator communication module; the main control module controls the start / stop of the communication stage protection circuit II and the detonation stage protection circuit II by controlling the on / off of the power supply of the communication power supply module and the detonation power supply module; the communication detection two-stage protection circuit limits the current to 100 mA, and the fuse threshold is also 100 mA; the capacitance value of the overall communication circuit of the detonator during the networking detection stage is 12.4 uF; the communication stage protection circuit II of the communication detection two-stage protection circuit uses a voltage regulator chip with an inductance value << 0.0001 H and a maximum current value of 100 mA flowing through it; the detonation control two-stage protection circuit limits the current to 100 mA, and the fuse threshold is also 100 mA; the capacitance of the overall communication circuit of the detonator during the charging stage is 7 uF; the inductance value in the detonation stage protection circuit II is 10 uH << 0.0001 H, and the maximum current value of 100 mA flows through it.

2. The permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonator further includes a scanning head, which is connected to the main control module and is used for scanning and verifying the coal-permissible digital electronic detonators.

3. The permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The detonator further includes a buzzer, which is connected to the main control module and is used for the main control module to receive and send information to remind of abnormal situation alarms.

4. The permitted digital electronic detonator initiator for coal mines according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The supervision platform communication module is Bluetooth and the connected mobile phone, and an APP software for detonation communication is set on the mobile phone.

5. The initiation control method of permitted digital electronic detonators for coal mines, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Self-check The digital electronic detonator initiator performs a power-on self-check. Step 2: Identity verification The identity of the operator is verified. If the verification is passed, the next operation is entered; otherwise, the digital electronic detonator initiator is in the standby state. Step 3: Register the digital electronic detonators The initiator registers the digital electronic detonators, connects the leg wires of the digital electronic detonators to the initiator, and the initiator detects the digital electronic detonators and displays the results. Step 4: Detonation application and authorization The main control module of the initiator sends the initiation application information to the third-party supervision platform through the supervision platform communication module. The initiation application information includes the initiator positioning information, initiation construction-related information, the number of digital electronic detonators and their working code information. After receiving the initiation application information and approving it, the third-party supervision platform issues the authorization information. The initiator receives the initiation authorization information through the supervision platform communication module, and the initiator verifies and decrypts the initiation authorization information with the registered digital electronic detonator information, including verifying the blasting range, the password validity period of the digital electronic detonator, and the blasting time information, and decrypting the working code composed of the digital electronic detonator UID code, initiation password, and detonator shell code. If the verification does not meet the requirements and / or the decryption fails, the initiator gives a buzzer alarm prompt and prohibits networking. If the verification meets the requirements and / or the decryption is successful, it enters the next step of networking detection. Step Five: Networking Detection The main control module of the initiator controls the switch of the communication power supply module to be turned on. At this time, the communication stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are conductively connected to form a two-stage protection circuit for communication detection. The two-stage protection circuit for communication detection is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the digital electronic detonator communication module. The communication power supply module charges the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection to reach the communication voltage value required for networking detection, and detects the bridge wire of the registered digital electronic detonator, the initiation capacitor, and the charge and discharge circuit of the initiation capacitor to determine whether the digital electronic detonator is offline. During the networking detection process, the two-stage protection circuit for communication detection limits the detected voltage and current not to exceed the limit value, meeting the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit. Step Six: Charging The main control module of the initiator controls the switch of the detonator initiation power supply module to be turned on. At this time, the initiation stage protection circuit II and the communication power supply protection circuit I are conductively connected to form a two-stage protection circuit for initiation control. The two-stage protection circuit for initiation control is connected to the digital electronic detonator through the digital electronic detonator communication module. The initiation power supply module charges the two-stage protection circuit for initiation control to reach the voltage value required for initiation. During the charging process, the two-stage protection circuit for initiation control limits the detected voltage and current not to exceed the limit value, meeting the requirements of the intrinsically safe circuit. Step Seven: Initiation After the main control module sends the initiation command, it reaches the digital electronic detonator through the initiation stage protection circuit II, the communication power supply protection circuit I, and the digital electronic detonator communication module. The digital electronic detonator activates the initiation switch, and the initiation capacitor discharges to the bridge wire, and the digital electronic detonator initiates. Step Eight: Data Backup The storage module backs up all blasting data and transmits it back to the supervision platform in real time or regularly for query and traceability.

6. The method for controlling the initiation of permitted digital electronic detonators for coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The command sent by the main control module of the initiator to the digital electronic detonator carries a check byte. If the verification process of the digital electronic detonator fails, the command becomes invalid, preventing misfiring of commands.

7. The coal mine permitted digital electronic detonator initiation control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The communication voltage in Step Five is lower than the initiation voltage in Step Six, thereby reducing the risk of accidental initiation during the detection process and improving safety.

8. The coal mine permitted digital electronic detonator initiation control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for the initiator to register the digital electronic detonator in Step Three includes scanning head scanning registration, live contact registration at the wiring terminal, or non-electric registration by directly importing the digital electronic detonator information of the upper computer.

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