Method, device, equipment and medium for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric power automation, and discloses a method, device, equipment and medium for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage. The method comprises: modeling the source, grid, load and storage resource capacity cost function; the model comprises: the power generation cost function model of the power system, the power generation side reserve operation cost function model and the load side reserve operation cost function model; establishing a source, grid and load reserve collaborative optimization model with the minimum operation cost of the power system during the dispatching period; using a source, grid and load reserve collaborative optimization algorithm based on reserve value judgment to decouple and analyze the power generation cost function model, the power generation side reserve operation cost function model, the load side reserve operation cost function model and the source, grid and load reserve collaborative optimization model, and obtain the reserve capacity of the power generation side, the load side, the grid side and the energy storage side. The structure of the model of the present invention is simple, easy to solve, suitable for development and application, and has certain theoretical value and engineering value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of automatic control of source-grid-load-storage operation, and in particular relates to a method, device, equipment and medium for determining power grid reserve taking into account source-grid-load-storage. Background Art

[0002] The traditional power system mainly uses the mode that large power sources such as thermal power and coal-fired power are connected to the grid after voltage boosting, and the electric energy is transmitted through high-voltage, ultra-high-voltage or ultra-high-voltage transmission lines, and then the electric energy is sent to various loads through layer-by-layer voltage reduction. This constitutes the topological structure of the traditional power system.

[0003] With the construction of new power systems dominated by new energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power, the structure of the power system will undergo profound changes. The type of power supply will change, and new energy will become the main power supply type; the characteristics of centralized power supply will change to a centralized + distributed type; the volatility, intermittency and randomness of wind power and photovoltaic power generation have a great impact on the safe and stable operation of the power grid; energy storage will become an indispensable element of the new power system. Through the flexible adjustment of energy storage and the linkage with source-storage and load, it is crucial to achieve coordinated interaction of each link of source-grid-load-storage and realize the safe, stable and reliable operation of the power system.

[0004] The reliable operation of the power system requires a certain amount of reserve capacity to be guaranteed. The operating reserve enables the system to have the ability to balance power generation and load under disturbance conditions and maintain the system frequency at a certain level. The power system needs to determine a reasonable reserve level and optimize the configuration of the reserve according to certain rules.

[0005] The theory of power system operation reliability aims to deal with uncertain and probabilistic operation risks. Some studies have adopted cost and value analysis based on reserve to optimize the reserve configuration. The more general idea of ​​the optimization method is to build an optimization model, coordinate the economic cost of reserve and the reliability cost of the system in the objective function, and balance the cost and value of reserve. In the construction and solution of the optimization model, although stochastic programming and robust optimization methods can be used to solve the problem, the structure of the optimization model is complex and difficult to solve, and its development and application are subject to certain constraints. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device, equipment and medium for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage. Under the framework of dynamic economic dispatch, the goal is to minimize the operating cost of the system during the dispatch period, and network constraints and load recovery are considered to construct a collaborative optimization model for source, grid and load reserve. The collaborative optimization algorithm for source, grid and load reserve based on reserve value judgment can be used to decouple and analyze the states of each system; the structure of the model of the present invention is simple, easy to solve, suitable for development and application, and has certain theoretical and engineering value.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage, comprising:

[0009] Model the capacity cost function of source, grid, load and storage resources; the models include: power generation cost function model of the power system, generation side standby operation cost function model and load side standby operation cost function model;

[0010] Establish a collaborative optimization model for source, grid and load reserves to minimize the operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period;

[0011] A collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserves based on reserve value judgment is used to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserves to obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that in the step of modeling the source-grid-load-storage resource capacity cost function, the expression of the power generation cost function model of the power system is:

[0013]

[0014] Represents the power generation cost of the power system; N g The cost function of each generator is processed piecewise linearly, and Nb segments are set within the allowable output range of the unit; for any unit i=1,2,…,N g ,u i Indicates the start and stop status of unit i, 1 is running, 0 is stopped, represents the minimum operating cost of unit i, represents the marginal power generation cost of unit i in the nth segment, Indicates that there is and only generates power in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; It represents the power generation under the condition of both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i;

[0015] The expression of the power generation side standby operation cost function model is:

[0016]

[0017] represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side; k R It represents the ratio of the standby unit operating cost to the unit power generation cost on the power generation side. Indicates that unit i has and only has spare capacity in the nth segment; represents the reserve capacity when there is both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i;

[0018] like or Not 0, indicating that there is only power generation in n segments or spare capacity like or At least one is not zero, which means that in the nth segment there is both power generation There is spare capacity

[0019] The expression of the load side standby operation cost function model is:

[0020]

[0021] represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side, c Rd,j represents the unit operating cost of the standby at load j, represents the spare capacity at load j; N t Indicates that all load sides are in standby mode.

[0022] A further improvement of the present invention is that in the step of establishing a source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period, the initial objective function of the source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model is:

[0023]

[0024] Where t = t 0 , t 0 +1,…,t 0 +N t is the scheduling period; represents the power generation cost of the power system in the dispatching time period t, represents the cost function of line transmission power in the scheduling time period t, represents the operating cost of the power generation side reserve in the scheduling period t, represents the cost of load-side reserve in the dispatching period t, represents the cost function of line load reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of line overload reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of energy storage in the dispatching period t; p t represents the output vector of the unit during period t, f max Indicates the normal load capacity of the line. It means that line l has no spare transmission capacity configured in the scheduling period t. Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, represents the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t, represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t, Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, Indicates that line l is in overload standby mode during the scheduling period t. It is the energy storage side standby during the scheduling period t.

[0025] A further improvement of the present invention is that in the step of establishing a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period, the constraints of the initial objective function include:

[0026] Node power balance constraints based on DC power flow:

[0027] -Bθ t +Hp t =d t

[0028] B is the DC power flow matrix, H is the node position matrix of the generator in the network, θ t is the voltage phase angle vector, d t is the load vector;

[0029] Line transmission power constraints:

[0030] f t =Tθ t

[0031] f t is the line flow vector; T is the relationship matrix between line flow and phase angle, θ t is the voltage phase angle vector;

[0032] Upper limit constraints on line transmission capacity:

[0033]

[0034] Grid-side capacity resource constraints:

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] f maxis the line power flow limit vector;

[0040] Unit output limit constraints:

[0041] p min ≤p t ≤p max

[0042] p max and p min are the upper and lower limit vectors of the unit output respectively;

[0043] Unit climbing rate constraint:

[0044] -r d Δt≤p t -p t-1 ≤r u Δt

[0045] r u and r d are the rate limit vectors for the increase and decrease of the unit output, respectively, and Δt is the duration of the dispatch period;

[0046] Reserve capacity constraints on the generation side and the load side:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] τ R is the system-defined post-accident backup response time, ρ d,t It is a diagonal matrix composed of the proportion of the load side reserve to its load in time period t;

[0050] Energy storage side reserve capacity constraints

[0051]

[0052] A further improvement of the present invention is that in the step of establishing a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period, the constraints of the initial objective function include:

[0053] Represents the power balance constraint taking into account reserve call and load restoration:

[0054]

[0055] is the DC power flow matrix, is the voltage phase angle vector, is the generator output vector, Calling power vector for load side reserve, Restoring power vector for load side backup;

[0056] The node power balance equation under the accident includes the call power and recovery power used by the load side, and satisfies the following constraints:

[0057] Load side reserve call power constraints:

[0058]

[0059] is a diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby call status, 1 means called, 0 means not called; represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t;

[0060] Load side backup recovery power constraints:

[0061]

[0062] is a diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby recovery status, 1 means recovery, 0 means no recovery, r s is the load recovery rate vector; Restoring power vector for load side backup;

[0063] For any load, the call and restoration of the standby cannot occur at the same time:

[0064]

[0065] Line transmission power:

[0066]

[0067] f t k is the line power flow vector, T t k is the relationship matrix between line power flow and phase angle;

[0068] Upper limit constraints on line transmission capacity:

[0069]

[0070] is the line power flow limit vector;

[0071] Unit output constraints taking into account generator failures and power reserve calls:

[0072]

[0073] is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; pm i n is the lower limit vector of the unit output; Indicates the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t;

[0074] Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, the load recovery ratio and recovery period reflect the physical characteristics of the load itself. Suppose the load side backup recovery ratio of node j is r s,j , the recovery period is T s,j , when the load-side backup of node j is called in period t, then in the recovery period τ s =t+1,t+2,...,t+T s,j It cannot be called again:

[0075]

[0076] Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s The diagonal matrix composed of the load-side reserve call status during the period, Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s A diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby recovery status during the time period;

[0077] And the total restored power meets the load restoration requirements

[0078] τ s The reply period is from t+1 to t+Ts, Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s The load side backup recovery power vector during the period: The power vector is called for the load side reserve of node j.

[0079] A further improvement of the present invention is that: the step of using the collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserve based on reserve value judgment to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve to obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, the load side, the grid side, and the energy storage side specifically includes:

[0080] Step 3-1: The main problem is to configure the backup economically based on cost analysis and to meet the system N-1 safety criteria. The main problem objective function is:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; p represents the unit output vector;

[0084] Step 3-2: Based on the value analysis, the sub-problem is to conduct post-accident correction control simulation, determine the backup value, and perform reliability verification on the backup configuration results; the sub-problem objective function is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Value-free reserve ratio is the decision variable, is a diagonal matrix consisting of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each generator, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable spare ratios at each node; is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each line load, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each energy storage point; the reserve configuration amount R g , R d , R l , R c Solve the main problem to get; w g 、w d 、w l 、w c The diagonal matrix is ​​composed of the cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side, which is determined according to the configuration result of the main problem. The cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side standby are calculated according to the following formula:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] c g (.), c d (.), c l (.), c c (.) are the marginal cost function vectors of power generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve and energy storage side reserve respectively;

[0092] The reserve is divided into valuable reserve and worthless reserve. The non-transmittable reserve is the worthless reserve. The total load shedding power of the system is equal to the power constraint of the non-transmittable reserve:

[0093]

[0094] Non-transferable reserve power constraints on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] The non-transferable spare ratio is a real number constraint between 0 and 1:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Under accident state k, is the involuntary load shedding power vector of each node, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the generation side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the load side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the grid side, It is the non-transferable power vector reserved by the energy storage side;

[0105] Step 3-3, construct the backup value cut, iteratively solve the main problem and sub-problems, coordinate the economy and reliability of the backup configuration results, the backup value cut is used to remove worthless backups, for all accident states examined, each iteration returns only one set of value cuts, reflecting the most serious network congestion; let m be the current iteration number:

[0106] The reserve value cut of the power generation side is expressed as:

[0107]

[0108] The load side reserve value cut is expressed as:

[0109]

[0110] The grid side reserve value cut is expressed as:

[0111]

[0112] The reserve value cut of energy storage side is expressed as:

[0113]

[0114] ρ g , d , l , c They are the convergence factors of the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side, respectively, and are between 0 and 1;

[0115] The convergence criterion is that for any accident state k = 1, 2, ..., N k To ensure that the system load shedding power is small enough, we can obtain the constraint condition:

[0116]

[0117] N k is the number of accident states, N d is the number of system nodes, σ is the allowable error;

[0118] If the last alternative configuration result that satisfies all previous conditions still satisfies the last constraint, the final and

[0119] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power grid reserve determination device taking into account source, grid, load and storage, comprising:

[0120] The first modeling module is used to model the source-grid-load-storage resource capacity cost function; the model includes: a power generation cost function model of the power system, a power generation side standby operation cost function model and a load side standby operation cost function model;

[0121] The second modeling module is used to establish a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatching period;

[0122] The collaborative optimization module is used to use the collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserve based on reserve value judgment to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve, so as to obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side.

[0123] A further improvement of the present invention is that the expression of the power generation cost function model of the power system established by the first modeling module is:

[0124]

[0125] Represents the power generation cost of the power system; N gThe cost function of each generator is piecewise linearized, and N is set within the allowable output range of the unit. b segments; for any unit i=1,2,…,N g ,u i Indicates the start and stop status of unit i, 1 is running, 0 is stopped, represents the minimum operating cost of unit i, represents the marginal power generation cost of unit i in the nth segment, Indicates that there is and only generates power in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; It represents the power generation under the condition of both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i;

[0126] The expression of the power generation side standby operation cost function model established by the first modeling module is:

[0127]

[0128] represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side; k R It represents the ratio of the standby unit operating cost to the unit power generation cost on the power generation side. Indicates that unit i has and only has spare capacity in the nth segment; represents the reserve capacity when there is both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i;

[0129] like or Not 0, indicating that there is only power generation in n segments or spare capacity like or At least one is not zero, which means that in the nth segment there is both power generation There is spare capacity

[0130] The expression of the load side standby operation cost function model established by the first modeling module is:

[0131]

[0132] represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side, c Rd ,j represents the unit operating cost of the standby at load j, represents the spare capacity at load j; N t Indicates that all load sides are in standby mode.

[0133] The initial objective function of the source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model established by the second modeling module is:

[0134]

[0135] Where t = t 0 , t 0 +1,…,t 0 +N t is the scheduling period; represents the power generation cost of the power system in the dispatching time period t, represents the cost function of line transmission power in the scheduling time period t, represents the operating cost of the power generation side reserve in the scheduling period t, represents the cost of load-side reserve in the dispatching period t, represents the cost function of line load reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of line overload reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of energy storage in the dispatching period t; p t represents the output vector of the unit during period t, f max Indicates the normal load capacity of the line. It means that line l has no spare transmission capacity configured in the scheduling period t. Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, represents the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t, represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t, Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, Indicates that line l is in overload standby mode during the scheduling period t. The energy storage side is reserved in the dispatching time period t;

[0136] The specific execution steps of the collaborative optimization module include:

[0137] Step 3-1: The main problem is to configure the backup economically based on cost analysis and to meet the system N-1 safety criteria. The main problem objective function is:

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; p represents the unit output vector;

[0141] Step 3-2: Based on the value analysis, the sub-problem is to conduct post-accident correction control simulation, determine the backup value, and perform reliability verification on the backup configuration results; the sub-problem objective function is as follows:

[0142]

[0143] Value-free reserve ratio is the decision variable, is a diagonal matrix consisting of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each generator, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable spare ratios at each node; is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each line load, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each energy storage point; the reserve configuration amount R g , R d , R l , R c Solve the main problem to get; w g 、w d 、w l 、w c The diagonal matrix is ​​composed of the cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side, which is determined according to the configuration result of the main problem. The cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side standby are calculated according to the following formula:

[0144]

[0145]

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] c g (.), c d (.), c l (.), c c (.) are the marginal cost function vectors of power generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve and energy storage side reserve respectively;

[0149] The reserve is divided into valuable reserve and worthless reserve. The non-transmittable reserve is the worthless reserve. The total load shedding power of the system is equal to the power constraint of the non-transmittable reserve:

[0150]

[0151] Non-transferable reserve power constraints on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side:

[0152]

[0153]

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] The non-transferable spare ratio is a real number constraint between 0 and 1:

[0157]

[0158]

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] Under accident state k, is the involuntary load shedding power vector of each node, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the generation side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the load side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the grid side, It is the non-transferable power vector reserved by the energy storage side;

[0162] Step 3-3, construct the backup value cut, iteratively solve the main problem and sub-problems, coordinate the economy and reliability of the backup configuration results, the backup value cut is used to remove worthless backups, for all accident states examined, each iteration returns only one set of value cuts, reflecting the most serious network congestion; let m be the current iteration number:

[0163] The reserve value cut of the power generation side is expressed as:

[0164]

[0165] The load side reserve value cut is expressed as:

[0166]

[0167] The grid side reserve value cut is expressed as:

[0168]

[0169] The reserve value cut of energy storage side is expressed as:

[0170]

[0171] ρ g ,d , l , c They are the convergence factors of the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side, respectively, and are between 0 and 1;

[0172] The convergence criterion is that for any accident state k = 1, 2, ..., N k To ensure that the system load shedding power is small enough, we can obtain the constraint condition:

[0173]

[0174] N k is the number of accident states, N d is the number of system nodes, and σ is the allowable error.

[0175] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the method for determining grid reserve taking into account source, network, load and storage.

[0176] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, and when the at least one instruction is executed by a processor, the method for determining a power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage is implemented.

[0177] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0178] The present invention provides a method, device, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage, taking into account a variety of power grid regulation resources, and adopting four resources of source, grid, load and storage for reserve capacity; the model structure adopted by the present invention is not complicated, the difficulty of solving is moderate, and it is suitable for actual development and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0179] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0180] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage according to the present invention;

[0181] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a power grid reserve determination device taking into account source, grid, load and storage of the present invention;

[0182] Figure 3 The present invention is a structural block diagram of an electronic device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0183] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0184] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0185] Example 1

[0186] See also Figure 1 As shown, a method for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0187] S1. Modeling the capacity cost function of source, grid, load and storage resources, including: the power generation cost function model of the power system, the backup operation cost function model on the power generation side and the backup operation cost function model on the load side, in preparation for the collaborative optimization model of source, grid and load reserve in step S2.

[0188] Step 1-1: Construct the power generation cost function of the power system. express:

[0189]

[0190] N g The cost function of each generator is processed piecewise linearly, and Nb segments are set within the allowable output range of the unit; for any unit i=1,2,…,N g ,u i Indicates the start and stop status of unit i, 1 is running, 0 is stopped, represents the minimum operating cost of unit i, represents the marginal power generation cost of unit i in the nth segment;

[0191] Step 1-2: Construct the power generation side standby operation cost function. express.

[0192]

[0193] k R It represents the ratio of the standby unit operating cost to the unit power generation cost on the power generation side. Indicates that unit i has and only has spare capacity in the nth segment;

[0194] like (or ) is not 0, indicating that there is only power generation in n segments or spare capacity like (or ) is not zero, it means that in the nth segment there is both power generation There is spare capacity

[0195] Step 1-3: Construct the load side standby operation cost function, and the power generation side standby operation cost function express.

[0196]

[0197] c Rd ,j represents the unit operating cost of the standby at load j, represents the spare capacity at load j; N t Indicates that all load sides are in standby mode.

[0198] S2. In step S2, a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with minimum operation cost of the power system during the dispatching period is established, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0199] Step 2-1: Taking the minimum operating cost of the system as the goal, construct the initial objective function of the collaborative optimization model for source, grid and load reserves:

[0200]

[0201] Where t = t 0 , t 0 +1,…,t 0 +N t is the scheduling period; represents the power generation cost of the power system in the dispatching time period t, represents the cost function of line transmission power in the scheduling time period t, represents the operating cost of the power generation side reserve in the scheduling period t, represents the cost of load-side reserve in the dispatching period t, represents the cost function of line load reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of line overload reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of energy storage in the dispatching period t. t represents the output vector of the unit during period t, f max Indicates the normal load capacity of the line. It means that line l has no spare transmission capacity configured in the scheduling period t. Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, represents the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t, represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t, Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, Indicates that line l is in overload standby mode during the scheduling period t. It is the energy storage side standby during the scheduling period t.

[0202] Step 2-2: When analyzing the backup of source, grid, load and storage resources, the constraints considered are as follows:

[0203] (1) Node power balance constraints based on DC power flow

[0204] -Bθ t +Hp t =d t

[0205] B is the DC power flow matrix, H is the node position matrix of the generator in the network, θ t is the voltage phase angle vector, d t is the load vector.

[0206] (2) Line transmission power constraints

[0207] f t =Tθ t

[0208] f t is the line flow vector; T is the relationship matrix between line flow and phase angle, θ t is the voltage phase angle vector.

[0209] (3) Upper limit constraint on line transmission capacity

[0210]

[0211] Grid-side capacity resource constraints:

[0212]

[0213]

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] f max is the line power flow limit vector.

[0217] (4) Unit output limit constraints

[0218] p min ≤p t ≤pmax

[0219] p max and p m i n are the upper and lower limit vectors of the unit output respectively.

[0220] (5) Unit climbing rate constraint

[0221] -r d Δt≤p t -p t-1 ≤r u Δt

[0222] r u and r d are the rate limit vectors for increasing and decreasing the unit output respectively, and Δt is the duration of the scheduling period.

[0223] (6) Reserve capacity constraints on the generation and load sides

[0224]

[0225]

[0226] τ R is the system-defined post-accident backup response time, ρ d,t It is a diagonal matrix composed of the proportion of load-side reserve to its load in time period t.

[0227] (7) Energy storage side reserve capacity constraints

[0228]

[0229] In the dispatch period t, the emergency reserve is configured based on the deterministic safety criterion considering network constraints, that is, there is enough available reserve capacity in the system. When any generator or line fails, the source-load power balance is met without causing line flow over-limit and involuntary load shedding. The constraint condition is:

[0230] (1) represents the power balance constraint taking into account reserve call and load restoration

[0231]

[0232] is the DC power flow matrix, is the voltage phase angle vector, is the generator output vector, Calling power vector for load side reserve, Restoration power vector for load side backup.

[0233] The node power balance equation under the accident includes the call power and recovery power used by the load side, and satisfies the following constraints:

[0234] Load side reserve call power constraints:

[0235]

[0236] is a diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby call status, 1 means called, 0 means not called; Indicates the load side reserve in the scheduling time period t.

[0237] Load side backup recovery power constraints:

[0238]

[0239] is a diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby recovery status, 1 means recovery, 0 means no recovery, r s is the load recovery rate vector; Restoration power vector for load side backup.

[0240] For any load, the call and restoration of the standby cannot occur at the same time:

[0241]

[0242] (2) Line transmission power

[0243]

[0244] f t k is the line power flow vector, T t k It is the relationship matrix between line power flow and phase angle.

[0245] (3) Upper limit constraint on line transmission capacity

[0246]

[0247] is the line power flow limit vector.

[0248] (4) Unit output constraints taking into account generator failures and power reserve calls

[0249]

[0250] is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; p min is the lower limit vector of the unit output; Indicates the reserve on the power generation side during the scheduling period t.

[0251] (5) Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, the load recovery ratio and recovery period reflect the physical characteristics of the load itself. Let the recovery ratio of the load side backup of node j be r s,j , the recovery period is T s,j , when the load-side backup of node j is called in period t, then in the recovery period τ s =t+1,t+2,...,t+T s,j It cannot be called again, that is

[0252]

[0253] Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s The diagonal matrix composed of the load-side reserve call status during the period, Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s A diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby recovery status during the time period;

[0254] And the total restored power meets the load restoration requirements

[0255] S3. Use the collaborative optimization algorithm of source-grid-load reserve based on standby value judgment to decouple and analyze the status of each system.

[0256] A backup configuration algorithm based on value judgment is constructed from three aspects: main problem construction, sub-problem construction, and value cut formation.

[0257] Step 3-1: The main problem is to configure the backup economically based on cost analysis and to meet the system N-1 safety criteria. The main problem objective function is:

[0258]

[0259] The constraints are the operating constraints of the system under normal conditions in the deterministic model. In addition, the backup demand constraints need to be added to meet the N-1 safety criteria:

[0260]

[0261] The above formula indicates that the total amount of each unit must be able to make up for the power shortfall caused by any generator failure, while taking into account the failure of the generator set providing backup. is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; p represents the unit output vector;

[0262] The purpose of the main problem is to determine the total reserve demand of the system, and prioritize the reserve configuration among the providers with lower costs, and determine the most economical configuration scheme for each user. However, in the event of an accident, the call for reserve may not meet the line transmission capacity constraint, resulting in the non-transmission of reserve, and the failure to ensure the reliable operation of the system. At this time, in order to maintain the power balance of the node, a certain load must be removed. The involuntary load shedding power is equal to the non-transmittable reserve power, which represents the unreliability of the system under the current reserve configuration result. Based on this principle, a sub-model is constructed to verify the reliability of the reserve configuration.

[0263] Step 3-2: Based on the value analysis, the sub-problem is to conduct post-accident correction control simulation, determine the backup value, and perform reliability verification on the backup configuration results. The sub-problem objective function is as follows:

[0264]

[0265] Value-free reserve ratio is the decision variable, is a diagonal matrix consisting of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each generator, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable spare ratios at each node; is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each line load, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each energy storage point; the reserve configuration amount R g , R d , R l , R c Solve the main problem to get; w g 、w d 、w l 、w c The diagonal matrix is ​​composed of the cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side, which is determined according to the configuration result of the main problem. The cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side standby are calculated according to the following formula:

[0266]

[0267]

[0268]

[0269]

[0270] c g (.), c d (.), c l (.), c c(.) are the marginal cost function vectors of power generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve and energy storage side reserve.

[0271] The reserve is divided into valuable reserve and worthless reserve. The non-transmittable reserve is the worthless reserve. The total load shedding power of the system is equal to the power constraint of the non-transmittable reserve:

[0272]

[0273] Non-transferable reserve power constraints on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side:

[0274]

[0275]

[0276]

[0277]

[0278] The non-transferable spare ratio is a real number constraint between 0 and 1:

[0279]

[0280]

[0281]

[0282]

[0283] Under accident state k, is the involuntary load shedding power vector of each node, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the generation side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the load side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the grid side, It is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the energy storage side.

[0284] Step 3-3, construct the backup value cut, iteratively solve the main problem and sub-problems, coordinate the economy and reliability of the backup configuration results, the backup value cut is used to remove the worthless backup, for all the accident states examined, each iteration only needs to return a set of value cuts to reflect the most serious network congestion. Let m be the current iteration number.

[0285] The reserve value cut of the power generation side is expressed as:

[0286]

[0287] The load side reserve value cut is expressed as:

[0288]

[0289] The grid side reserve value cut is expressed as:

[0290]

[0291] The reserve value cut of energy storage side is expressed as:

[0292]

[0293] ρ g , d , l , c They are the convergence factors of the power generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side, respectively, and are between 0 and 1. When the convergence factor is larger, the convergence is faster but the error is larger, and there may even be no solution due to the rapid reduction of the feasible domain; when the convergence factor is smaller, the convergence is slower but the error is smaller.

[0294] When the load shedding in the subproblem is small enough, the current backup configuration result can be considered reliable. Therefore, the convergence criterion is: k To ensure that the system load shedding power is small enough, we can obtain the constraint condition:

[0295]

[0296] N k is the number of accident states, N d is the number of system nodes, and σ is the allowable error. One iteration only generates one value cut, which reduces the burden of solving the main problem; if the backup configuration result that finally meets all the previous conditions still meets the last constraint condition Then output the last and

[0297] Example 2

[0298] See also Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a power grid reserve determination device taking into account source, grid, load and storage, comprising:

[0299] The first modeling module is used to model the source-grid-load-storage resource capacity cost function; the model includes: a power generation cost function model of the power system, a power generation side standby operation cost function model and a load side standby operation cost function model;

[0300] The second modeling module is used to establish a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatching period;

[0301] The collaborative optimization module is used to use the collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserve based on reserve value judgment to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve, so as to obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side.

[0302] The specific execution steps of the first modeling module, the second modeling module and the collaborative optimization module are detailed in steps 1, 2 and 3 of Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0303] Example 3

[0304] See also Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 100 for determining a grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage; the electronic device 100 includes a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.

[0305] The memory 101 can be used to store the computer program 103, and the processor 102 implements the method steps of the method for determining the power grid reserve taking into account the source, grid, load and storage described in Example 1 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area can store data (such as audio data) created according to the use of the electronic device 100, etc. In addition, the memory 101 can include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0306] The at least one processor 102 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device 100.

[0307] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores a plurality of instructions to implement a method for determining a power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage. The processor 102 may execute the plurality of instructions to implement:

[0308] Model the capacity cost function of source, grid, load and storage resources; the models include: power generation cost function model of the power system, generation side standby operation cost function model and load side standby operation cost function model;

[0309] Establish a collaborative optimization model for source, grid and load reserves to minimize the operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period;

[0310] A collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserves based on reserve value judgment is used to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserves to obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side.

[0311] Example 4

[0312] If the module / unit integrated in the electronic device 100 is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory and read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory).

[0313] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0314] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0315] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0316] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0317] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage, characterized in that: include: Modeling the capacity cost function of source, grid, load and storage resources; The constructed models include: power generation cost function model of the power system, generation side standby operation cost function model and load side standby operation cost function model; Establish a collaborative optimization model for source, grid and load reserves to minimize the operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period; The collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserve based on reserve value judgment is used to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve to obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side. In the step of modeling the source-grid-load-storage resource capacity cost function, the expression of the power generation cost function model of the power system is: Represents the power generation cost of the power system; N g The cost function of each generator is piecewise linearized, and N is set within the allowable output range of the unit. b segments; for any unit i=1,2,…,N g ,u i Indicates the start and stop status of unit i, 1 is running, 0 is stopped, represents the minimum operating cost of unit i, represents the marginal power generation cost of unit i in the nth segment, Indicates that there is and only generates power in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; It represents the power generation under the condition of both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; The expression of the power generation side standby operation cost function model is: represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side; k R It represents the ratio of the standby unit operating cost to the unit power generation cost on the power generation side. Indicates that unit i has and only has spare capacity in the nth segment; represents the reserve capacity when there is both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; like or Not 0, indicating that there is only power generation in n segments or spare capacity like or At least one is not zero, which means that in the nth segment there is both power generation There is spare capacity The expression of the load side standby operation cost function model is: represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side, c Rd,j represents the unit operating cost of the standby at load j, represents the spare capacity at load j; N t Indicates that all load sides are in standby mode; In the step of establishing a source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period, the initial objective function of the source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model is: Where, t = t0, t0+1, ..., t0+N t is the scheduling period; represents the power generation cost of the power system in the dispatching time period t, represents the cost function of line transmission power in the scheduling time period t, represents the operating cost of the power generation side reserve in the scheduling period t, represents the cost of load-side reserve in the dispatching period t, represents the cost function of line load reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of line overload reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of energy storage in the dispatching period t; p t represents the output vector of the unit during period t, f max Indicates the normal load capacity of the line. It means that line l has no spare transmission capacity configured in the scheduling period t. Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, represents the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t, represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t, Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, Indicates that line l is in overload standby mode during the scheduling period t. It is the energy storage side standby during the scheduling period t.

2. The method for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of establishing a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period, the constraints of the initial objective function include: Node power balance constraints based on DC power flow: -Bθ t +Hp t =d t B is the DC power flow matrix, H is the node position matrix of the generator in the network, θ t is the voltage phase angle vector, d t is the load vector; Line transmission power constraints: f t =Tθ t f t is the line flow vector; T is the relationship matrix between line flow and phase angle, θ t is the voltage phase angle vector; Upper limit constraints on line transmission capacity: Grid-side capacity resource constraints: f max is the line power flow limit capacity; Indicates the maximum reserve for line overload; Unit output limit constraints: p min ≤p t ≤p max p max and p min are the upper and lower limit vectors of the unit output respectively; Unit climbing rate constraint: -r d Δt≤p t -p t-1 ≤r u Δt r u and r d are the rate limit vectors for the increase and decrease of the unit output, respectively, and Δt is the duration of the dispatch period; Reserve capacity constraints on the generation side and the load side: τ R is the system-defined post-accident backup response time, ρ d,t It is a diagonal matrix composed of the proportion of the load side reserve to its load in time period t; Energy storage side reserve capacity constraints 3. The method for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of establishing a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatch period, the constraints of the initial objective function include: Represents the power balance constraint taking into account reserve call and load restoration: is the DC power flow matrix, is the voltage phase angle vector, is the generator output vector, Calling power vector for load side reserve, Restoring power vector for load side reserve; The node power balance equation under the accident includes the call power and recovery power used by the load side, and satisfies the following constraints: Load side reserve call power constraints: is a diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby call status, 1 means called, 0 means not called; represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t; Load side backup recovery power constraints: is a diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby recovery status, 1 means recovery, 0 means no recovery, r s is the load recovery rate vector; Restoring power vector for load side reserve; For any load, the call and restoration of the standby cannot occur at the same time: Line transmission power: f t k is the line power flow vector, T t k is the relationship matrix between line power flow and phase angle; Upper limit constraints on line transmission capacity: is the line power flow limit vector; Unit output constraints taking into account generator failures and power reserve calls: is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; p min is the lower limit vector of the unit output; Indicates the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t; Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, the load recovery ratio and recovery period reflect the physical characteristics of the load itself. Suppose the load side backup recovery ratio of node j is r s,j , the recovery period is T s,j , when the load-side backup of node j is called in period t, then in the recovery period τ s =t+1,t+2,...,t+T s,j It cannot be called again: Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s The diagonal matrix composed of the load-side reserve call status during the period, Considering the load side backup recovery process of node j under accident state k, it is τ s A diagonal matrix composed of the load side standby recovery status during the time period; And the total restored power meets the load restoration requirements 4. The method for determining power grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of using a source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization algorithm based on reserve value judgment to decouple and analyze the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the power generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model to obtain the reserve capacity on the power generation side, the load side, the grid side, and the energy storage side specifically includes: Step 3-1: The main problem is to configure the backup economically based on cost analysis and to meet the system N-1 safety criteria. The main problem objective function is: is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 indicates operation and 0 indicates shutdown; p represents the unit output vector; Step 3-2: Based on the value analysis, the sub-problem is to conduct post-accident correction control simulation, determine the backup value, and perform reliability verification on the backup configuration results; the sub-problem objective function is as follows: Value-free reserve ratio is the decision variable, is a diagonal matrix consisting of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each generator, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable spare ratios at each node; is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each line load, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each energy storage point; the reserve configuration amount R g , R d , R l , R c Solve the main problem to get; w g 、w d 、w l 、w c The diagonal matrix is ​​composed of the cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side, which is determined according to the configuration result of the main problem. The cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side standby are calculated according to the following formula: c g (.), c d (.), c l (.), c c (.) are the marginal cost function vectors of power generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve and energy storage side reserve respectively; c gi (R gi ),c di (R di ),c li (R li ),c ci (R ci ) represent the marginal cost function vectors of the generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve, and energy storage side reserve in time period i respectively; The reserve is divided into valuable reserve and worthless reserve. The non-transmittable reserve is the worthless reserve. The total load shedding power of the system is equal to the power constraint of the non-transmittable reserve: Non-transferable reserve power constraints on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side: The non-transferable spare ratio is a real number constraint between 0 and 1: Under accident state k, is the involuntary load shedding power vector of each node, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the generation side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the load side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the grid side, It is the non-transferable power vector reserved by the energy storage side; Step 3-3, construct the backup value cut, iteratively solve the main problem and sub-problems, coordinate the economy and reliability of the backup configuration results, the backup value cut is used to remove worthless backups, for all accident states examined, each iteration returns only one set of value cuts, reflecting the most serious network congestion; let m be the current iteration number: The reserve value cut of the power generation side is expressed as: The load side reserve value cut is expressed as: The grid side reserve value cut is expressed as: The reserve value cut of energy storage side is expressed as: ρ g , d , l , c They are the convergence factors of the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side, respectively, and are between 0 and 1; The convergence criterion is that for any accident state k = 1, 2, ..., N k To ensure that the system load shedding power is small enough, we can obtain the constraint condition: N k is the number of accident states, N d is the number of system nodes, and σ is the allowable error.

5. A device for determining grid reserve taking into account source, grid, load and storage, characterized in that: include: The first modeling module is used to model the source-grid-load-storage resource capacity cost function; The constructed models include: power generation cost function model of the power system, generation side standby operation cost function model and load side standby operation cost function model; The second modeling module is used to establish a collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve with the minimum operating cost of the power system during the dispatching period; The collaborative optimization module is used to use the collaborative optimization algorithm for source-grid-load reserve based on reserve value judgment to decouple the power generation cost function model of the power system, the reserve operation cost function model on the generation side, the reserve operation cost function model on the load side, and the collaborative optimization model for source-grid-load reserve, and obtain the reserve capacity on the generation side, the load side, the grid side, and the energy storage side; The expression of the power generation cost function model of the power system established by the first modeling module is: Represents the power generation cost of the power system; N g The cost function of each generator is processed piecewise linearly, and Nb segments are set within the allowable output range of the unit; for any unit i=1,2,…,N g ,u i Indicates the start and stop status of unit i, 1 is running, 0 is stopped, represents the minimum operating cost of unit i, represents the marginal power generation cost of unit i in the nth segment, Indicates that there is and only generates power in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; It represents the power generation under the condition of both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; The expression of the power generation side standby operation cost function model established by the first modeling module is: represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side; k R It represents the ratio of the standby unit operating cost to the unit power generation cost on the power generation side. Indicates that unit i has and only has spare capacity in the nth segment; represents the reserve capacity when there is both power generation and reserve capacity in the nth segment of the cost function of the generator of unit i; like or Not 0, indicating that there is only power generation in n segments or spare capacity like or At least one is not zero, which means that in the nth segment there is both power generation There is spare capacity The expression of the load side standby operation cost function model established by the first modeling module is: represents the standby operation cost on the power generation side, c Rd,j represents the unit operating cost of the standby at load j, represents the spare capacity at load j; N t Indicates that all load sides are in standby mode; The initial objective function of the source-grid-load reserve collaborative optimization model established by the second modeling module is: Where, t = t0, t0+1, ..., t0+N t is the scheduling period; represents the power generation cost of the power system in the dispatching time period t, represents the cost function of line transmission power in the scheduling time period t, represents the operating cost of the power generation side reserve in the scheduling period t, represents the cost of load-side reserve in the dispatching period t, represents the cost function of line load reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of line overload reserve in scheduling time period t, represents the cost function of energy storage in the dispatching period t; p t represents the output vector of the unit during period t, f max Indicates the normal load capacity of the line. It means that line l has no spare transmission capacity configured in the scheduling period t. Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, represents the reserve on the power generation side in the scheduling period t, represents the load side reserve in the dispatching time period t, Indicates that line l is in constant load standby during the scheduling period t, Indicates that line l is in overload standby mode during the scheduling period t. It is the energy storage side standby during the scheduling period t.

6. The power grid reserve determination device taking into account source, grid, load and storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific execution steps of the collaborative optimization module include: Step 3-1: The main problem is to configure the backup economically based on cost analysis and to meet the system N-1 safety criteria. The main problem objective function is: is a diagonal matrix composed of the start and stop states of the generator, 1 represents operation and 0 represents shutdown; p represents the unit output vector; Step 3-2: Based on the value analysis, the sub-problem is to conduct post-accident correction control simulation, determine the backup value, and perform reliability verification on the backup configuration results; the sub-problem objective function is as follows: Value-free reserve ratio is the decision variable, is a diagonal matrix consisting of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each generator, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable spare ratios at each node; is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each line load, is a diagonal matrix composed of the non-transmittable reserve ratios at each energy storage point; the reserve configuration amount R g , R d , R l , R c Solve the main problem to get; w g 、w d 、w l 、w c The diagonal matrix is ​​composed of the cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side, which is determined according to the configuration result of the main problem. The cost weights of the power generation side, load side, grid side and energy storage side standby are calculated according to the following formula: c g (.), c d (.), c l (.), c c (.) are the marginal cost function vectors of power generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve and energy storage side reserve respectively; c gi (R gi ),c di (R di ),c li (R li ),c ci (R ci ) represent the marginal cost function vectors of the power generation side reserve, load side reserve, grid side reserve, and energy storage side reserve in time period i; ii is the i-row and i-column component of the cost matrix, and ii is the component of w g Elements of a matrix; The reserve is divided into valuable reserve and worthless reserve. The non-transmittable reserve is the worthless reserve. The total load shedding power of the system is equal to the power constraint of the non-transmittable reserve: Non-transferable reserve power constraints on the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side: The non-transferable spare ratio is a real number constraint between 0 and 1: Under accident state k, is the involuntary load shedding power vector of each node, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the generation side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the load side, is the non-transferable power vector reserved on the grid side, It is the non-transferable power vector reserved by the energy storage side; Step 3-3, construct the backup value cut, iteratively solve the main problem and sub-problems, coordinate the economy and reliability of the backup configuration results, the backup value cut is used to remove worthless backups, for all accident states examined, each iteration returns only one set of value cuts, reflecting the most serious network congestion; let m be the current iteration number: The reserve value cut of the power generation side is expressed as: The load side reserve value cut is expressed as: The grid side reserve value cut is expressed as: The reserve value cut of energy storage side is expressed as: ρ g , d , l , c They are the convergence factors of the generation side, load side, grid side, and energy storage side, respectively, and are between 0 and 1; The convergence criterion is that for any accident state k = 1, 2, ..., N k To ensure that the system load shedding power is small enough, we can obtain the constraint condition: N k is the number of accident states, N d is the number of system nodes, and σ is the allowable error.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, and the processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the grid reserve determination method taking into account source, grid, load and storage as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, and when the at least one instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the method for determining the power grid reserve taking into account the source, network, load and storage as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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