A protection structure in a machine tool

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and discloses a protective structure in a machine tool, which comprises a bottom plate, a front shell and a rear shell. The T-shaped machining area surrounded by the front shell, the rear shell, the bottom plate and a peripheral plate structure is in a closed state, dust and cuttings generated during machining of a workpiece are limited in the T-shaped machining area, dust and cuttings are prevented from polluting components outside the T-shaped machining area, normal operation of the components is ensured, and the maintenance cycle is reduced. Meanwhile, a dust collector is used to draw air and remove dust from the T-shaped machining area. Since the T-shaped machining area has a small occupied space and good sealing performance, a greater negative pressure can be formed in the T-shaped machining area during air drawing and dust removal, and dust and cuttings are more easily sucked out from the dust suction port on the rear shell under the driving of strong airflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a protective structure inside a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, surface thinning of products typically involves grinding the workpiece surface with a grinding wheel, but this method is slow. To improve thinning efficiency, companies are now manufacturing laser CNC machine tools. These tools use lasers to thin the workpiece surface. However, this cutting process generates a large amount of dust and debris. While external plates are typically installed on the machine tool to prevent the dust and debris from spreading and polluting the workshop environment, dust and debris still circulate throughout the machine tool, easily adhering to linear drives or precision mechanisms, affecting their normal operation. Furthermore, although dust extraction ducts are used to remove dust from the machine tool's interior, the large internal space makes the extraction ineffective.

[0003] It is evident that existing technologies still need improvement and enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective structure inside a machine tool, which aims to limit the spread of dust and waste chips and improve the dust extraction effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A protective structure for a machine tool includes a base plate, a front housing mounted on the base plate, and a rear housing connected to and located behind the front housing. The front housing is located in front of the two columns of the machine tool, and the rear housing is located between the two columns. The front housing, rear housing, base plate, and outer plate enclose a T-shaped machining area. The T-shaped machining area includes a transverse movement area located in the front housing and a longitudinal movement area located in the rear housing. The top of the front housing has a front clearance opening for avoiding the transverse movement of a first laser cutting structure. The first laser cutting structure cooperates with a first follower enclosure structure to enclose the front clearance opening. The top of the rear housing has a rear clearance opening for avoiding the longitudinal movement of a second laser cutting structure. The second laser cutting structure cooperates with a second follower enclosure structure to enclose the rear clearance opening. A dust extraction port is provided on the rear housing.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the rear housing includes a rear top sealing plate, a rear back sealing plate, an L-shaped left sealing plate, and an L-shaped right sealing plate; the front housing includes a left gap sealing plate connected to the L-shaped left sealing plate, a right gap sealing plate connected to the L-shaped right sealing plate, and a front top sealing shell disposed on top of the left gap sealing plate and the right gap sealing plate.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the front top cover includes a front top plate and a front gap cover. The front top plate has a front notch on its front side. The front gap cover includes two vertical plates set on the front top plate and an inclined plate and a baffle set between the two vertical plates. The inclined plate is located directly above the front notch. The vertical plates, the inclined plate and the baffle form a cavity for workers to enter.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the first follow-up enclosure structure includes a first accordion cover, a second accordion cover, and a front slide mounted on the top of the front top shell and movable along the extension direction of the front clearance opening. One end of the front clearance opening is connected to the front slide through the first accordion cover, and the other end of the front clearance opening is connected to the front slide through the second accordion cover. The front slide is provided with a first laser cutting structure passing through the first opening.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the front carriage includes a front cover plate and a front tray disposed at the bottom of the front cover plate. The first opening is opened on the front cover plate, and a first square opening is opened on the front tray. Each edge of the first square opening is provided with a booster component. Each booster component includes a seat and two rollers that are rotatably disposed at both ends of the seat.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the front top cover is provided with two horizontally extending front guide rails, and the front slide is slidably connected to the front guide rails by a slider.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the second follow-up enclosure structure includes a third accordion cover, a fourth accordion cover, and a rear slide mounted on the top of the rear top cover and movable along the extension direction of the rear clearance opening. One end of the rear clearance opening is connected to the rear slide through the third accordion cover, and the other end of the rear clearance opening is connected to the rear slide through the third accordion cover. The rear slide is provided with a second opening through which the second laser cutting structure passes.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the rear carriage includes a rear cover plate and a rear tray disposed at the bottom of the rear cover plate. The second opening is opened on the rear cover plate, and a second square opening is provided on the rear tray. Each edge of the second square opening is provided with a booster component. Each booster component includes a base and two rollers that are rotatably disposed at both ends of the base.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the rear top sealing plate is provided with two longitudinally extending rear guide rails, and the rear slide is slidably connected to the rear guide rails by a slider.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a maintenance window is provided on the rear cover plate, and the maintenance window is closed by a window frame and a window cover plate, and a handle is provided on the window cover plate.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the machine tool internal protective structure provided by this invention includes a base plate, a front housing mounted on the base plate, and a rear housing connected to and located behind the front housing. Because the T-shaped machining area formed by the front housing, rear housing, base plate, and outer plates is in a closed state, dust and chips generated during workpiece machining are confined within the T-shaped machining area, preventing dust and chips from contaminating external components and ensuring their normal operation, thus reducing maintenance cycles. Simultaneously, a dust collector extracts dust from the T-shaped machining area. Since the volume of the T-shaped machining area is less than half the volume of the entire laser CNC machine tool's internal cavity, and the T-shaped machining area has good sealing properties, a greater negative pressure can be generated during dust extraction. Dust and chips are more easily drawn out from the suction port on the rear housing under the strong airflow, significantly reducing the amount of dust and chips remaining inside the laser CNC machine tool and achieving better waste chip treatment. Even after the workpiece is finished, when the staff opens the front door, no dust or chips will spread outward from the front door, ensuring the cleanliness of the production workshop. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser CNC machine tool provided by the present invention Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser CNC machine tool provided by the present invention Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 3 The three-dimensional protective structure for machine tools provided by the present invention Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 The three-dimensional protective structure for machine tools provided by the present invention Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the laser CNC machine tool provided by the present invention.

[0025] Key component symbols: 1-Base plate, 2-Front shell, 21-Front clearance opening, 22-Left gap sealing plate, 23-Right gap sealing plate, 24-Front top shell, 241-Front top plate section, 242-Front gap sealing plate section, 2421-Vertical plate, 2422-Sloping plate, 2423-Baffle, 2424-Worker insertion cavity, 3-Rear shell, 31-Rear clearance opening, 32-Dust suction port, 33-Rear top sealing plate, 34-Rear back sealing plate, 341-Window sealing plate, 342-Handle, 35-L-shaped left sealing plate, 36-L-shaped right sealing plate, 4-T-shaped processing area, 41-Horizontal movement area, 42-Longitudinal movement area, 5-First follow-up enclosure structure, 51-First bellows cover, 52- Second accordion cover, 53-front slide, 531-front cover plate, 532-front tray, 533-first opening, 534-first square opening, 6-booster assembly, 61-base, 62-roller, 71-front guide rail, 72-rear guide rail, 8-second follow-up enclosure structure, 81-third accordion cover, 82-fourth accordion cover, 83-rear slide, 831-rear cover plate, 832-rear tray, 833-second opening, 834-second square opening, 91-base frame, 92-first column, 93-second column, 94-crossbeam, 95-longitudinal beam, 96-first laser cutting structure, 97-second laser cutting structure, 98-processing turntable, 99-outer plate structure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a protective structure for an internal machine tool. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides an internal protective structure for a laser CNC machine tool. The laser CNC machine tool includes a base frame 91, a first column 92 and a second column 93 vertically mounted on the base frame 91, a crossbeam 94 spanning the tops of the two columns, a longitudinal beam 95 mounted on the top of the second column 93, a first laser cutting structure 96 laterally movable on the crossbeam 94, a second laser cutting structure 97 longitudinally movable on the longitudinal beam 95, and a machining turntable 98 mounted on the base frame 91. The base frame 91 is provided with an outer plate structure 99 for surrounding parts.

[0028] The internal protective structure of the machine tool cooperates with the outer plate structure 99. The internal protective structure of the machine tool includes a base plate 1 horizontally set on the base frame 91, a front housing 2 set on the base plate 1, and a rear housing 3 connected to the front housing 2 and located behind the front housing 2. The front housing 2 is located in front of the two columns of the machine tool, and the rear housing 3 is located between the two columns of the machine tool. The front housing 2, the rear housing 3, the base plate 1 and the outer plate enclose a T-shaped machining area 4. The T-shaped machining area 4 includes a transverse movement area 41 set in the front housing 2 and a longitudinal movement area 42 set in the rear housing 3. The machining turntable 98 is set in the transverse movement area 41 and located in front of the longitudinal movement area 42. A dust suction port 32 is opened on the rear housing 3, and the dust suction port 32 is connected to an external vacuum cleaner through a dust suction pipe.

[0029] Furthermore, the top of the front housing 2 is provided with a front clearance opening 21 for avoiding the lateral movement of the first laser cutting structure 96. The first laser cutting structure 96 and the first follower enclosure structure 5 cooperate to enclose the front clearance opening 21 to prevent dust and chips from escaping the T-shaped processing area 4 through the front clearance opening 21. The top of the rear housing 3 is provided with a rear clearance opening 31 for avoiding the longitudinal movement of the second laser cutting structure 97. The second laser cutting structure 97 and the second follower enclosure structure 8 cooperate to enclose the rear clearance opening 31 to prevent dust and chips from escaping the T-shaped processing area 4 through the rear clearance opening 31.

[0030] During processing, the operator opens the front door 991 on the outer plate structure 99, clamps a batch of workpieces onto the processing turntable 98, and then closes the front door 991. The processing turntable 98 drives all workpieces to rotate synchronously. Under the control of the control system, the first laser cutting structure 96 emits laser and moves laterally to perform laser cutting on the workpieces on the processing turntable 98. Similarly, the second laser cutting structure 97 also emits laser and moves longitudinally under the control of the control system, working together with the first laser cutting structure 96 to perform laser cutting on the workpieces on the processing turntable 98, thereby improving laser cutting efficiency. Since the T-shaped processing area 4 formed by the front shell 2, rear shell 3, base plate 1, and outer plate structure 99 is in a closed state, the dust and chips generated by the workpieces during processing are confined within the T-shaped processing area 4, preventing dust and chips from contaminating the external components of the T-shaped processing area 4, ensuring the normal operation of these components, and reducing maintenance cycles. Meanwhile, the vacuum cleaner extracts dust from the T-shaped processing area 4. Because the volume of the T-shaped processing area 4 is less than half the volume of the entire laser CNC machine tool's internal cavity, and because the T-shaped processing area 4 has good sealing properties, it can generate greater negative pressure during dust extraction. Dust and chips are more easily drawn out from the suction port 32 on the rear housing 3 by the strong airflow, significantly reducing the amount of dust and chips remaining inside the laser CNC machine tool and achieving better waste chip disposal. Even after the workpiece is finished and the front door is opened, no dust or chips will spread outwards from the front door, ensuring the cleanliness of the production workshop.

[0031] Specifically, the rear housing 3 includes a rear top sealing plate 33, a rear back sealing plate 34, an L-shaped left sealing plate 35, and an L-shaped right sealing plate 36; the front housing 2 includes a left gap sealing plate 22 connected to the L-shaped left sealing plate 35, a right gap sealing plate 23 connected to the L-shaped right sealing plate 36, and a front top sealing shell 24 disposed on top of the left gap sealing plate 22 and the right gap sealing plate 23. The height of the rear top sealing plate 33 is lower than that of the crossbeam 94 and the longitudinal beam 95.

[0032] It should be noted that the L-shaped left sealing plate 35 is fixed on the first column 92, and the L-shaped right sealing plate 36 is fixed on the second column 93. The bottom of the rear sealing plate 34, the L-shaped left sealing plate 35, the L-shaped right sealing plate 36, the left gap sealing plate 22, and the right gap sealing plate 23 are all provided with bottom sealing flanges connected to the bottom plate 1. The left gap sealing plate 22, the right gap sealing plate 23, and the front top sealing shell 24 are all provided with side sealing flanges connected to the outer plate. By providing bottom sealing flanges and side sealing flanges, on the one hand, it is convenient to fix the front shell 2 and the rear shell 3 with screws. On the other hand, since the bottom sealing flange is close to the bottom plate 1 and the side sealing flange is close to the outer plate, the bottom gap between the front shell 2 and the rear shell 3 and the bottom plate 1, as well as the side gap between the front shell 2 and the rear shell 3 and the outer plate, are eliminated, thereby preventing dust and waste from escaping from the bottom gap and the side gap from the T-shaped processing area 4, and thus improving the sealing performance of the T-shaped processing area 4.

[0033] Furthermore, the front top cover 24 includes a front top plate portion 241 and a front gap cover portion 242. The height of the front top plate portion 241 is lower than that of the crossbeam 94 and the longitudinal beam 95. A front notch is provided on the front side of the front top plate portion 241. The front gap cover portion 242 includes two vertical plates 2421 vertically arranged on the front top plate portion 241, and an inclined plate 2422 and a baffle 2423 arranged between the two vertical plates 2421. The inclined plate 2422 is located directly above the front notch. The vertical plates 2421, the inclined plate 2422, and the baffle 2423 form a worker insertion cavity 2424. By using the front gap cover portion 242 to seal with the front door body, the height of the front top plate portion 241 can be lower than the top edge height of the front door body, thereby reducing the space of the T-shaped processing area 4.

[0034] In addition, when the staff opens the front door and enters the laser CNC machine tool, the staff's head will be inserted into the worker probing cavity 2424 to avoid the staff's head directly colliding and interfering with the front top cover 24, thus preventing injury to the staff.

[0035] Preferably, a maintenance window is provided on the rear cover plate 34, which is closed by a window frame and a window cover plate 341. A handle 342 is provided on the window cover plate 341. Under normal conditions, the window frame and the window cover plate 341 are connected by screws; the operator can remove the screws and pull the handle 342 to remove the window cover plate 341, thereby facilitating the operator to enter the interior of the rear housing 3 for maintenance.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first follow-up enclosure structure 5 includes a first bellows cover 51, a second bellows cover 52, and a front slide 53 disposed on the top of the front top cover 24 and movable along the extension direction of the front clearance opening 21. One end of the front clearance opening 21 is connected to the front slide 53 through the first bellows cover 51, and the other end of the front clearance opening 21 is connected to the front slide 53 through the second bellows cover 52. The front slide 53 is provided with a first opening 533 through which the first laser cutting structure 96 passes, that is, the support arm on the first laser cutting structure 96 passes through the first opening 533. When the first laser cutting structure 96 is working, the support arm on the first laser cutting structure 96 moves laterally, which pulls the front slide 53 to move synchronously, thereby driving the first bellows cover 51 and the second bellows cover 52 to extend and retract, always ensuring that the front clearance opening 21 is in an enclosed state, preventing dust and chips from escaping from the T-shaped processing area 4 through the front clearance opening 21.

[0037] Furthermore, the front carriage 53 includes a front cover plate 531 and a front tray 532 disposed at the bottom of the front cover plate 531. The first opening 533 is formed on the front cover plate 531, and the front tray 532 has a first square opening 534. Each edge of the first square opening 534 is provided with a booster component 6. Each booster component 6 includes a base 61 and two rollers 62 rotatably disposed at both ends of the base 61. The rollers 62 of each set of booster components 6 abut against the support arm wall of the first laser cutting structure 96 to prevent the support arm of the first laser cutting structure 96 from causing rigid impact on the front carriage 53 and improve the lateral stability of the front carriage 53. In addition, when the support arm of the first laser cutting structure 96 moves vertically, the support arm of the first laser cutting structure 96 drives the rollers 62 to rotate, resulting in low friction and preventing the support arm of the first laser cutting structure 96 from scraping against the front cover plate 531 and the front tray 532 of the front carriage 53.

[0038] Preferably, the front top cover 24 is provided with two laterally extending front guide rails 71, and the front slide 53 is slidably connected to the front guide rails 71 by a slider, so that the front slide 53 moves smoothly and minimizes the load on the first laser cutting structure 96.

[0039] Similarly, the second follow-up enclosure structure 8 includes a third bellows cover 81, a fourth bellows cover 82, and a rear slide 83 located on top of the rear top cover 33 and movable along the extension direction of the rear clearance opening 31. One end of the rear clearance opening 31 is connected to the rear slide 83 via the third bellows cover 81, and the other end of the rear clearance opening 31 is also connected to the rear slide 83 via the third bellows cover 81. The rear slide 83 is provided with a second opening 833 through which the second laser cutting structure 97 passes. When the second laser cutting structure 97 is working, the longitudinal movement of the support arm on the second laser cutting structure 97 will pull the rear slide 83 to move synchronously, thereby driving the third bellows cover 81 and the fourth bellows cover 82 to extend and retract, always ensuring that the front clearance opening 21 is in an enclosed state, preventing dust and chips from escaping from the front clearance opening 21 into the T-shaped processing area 4.

[0040] Specifically, the rear carriage 83 includes a rear cover plate 831 and a rear tray 832 disposed at the bottom of the rear cover plate 831. The second opening 833 is formed on the rear cover plate 831, and the rear tray 832 has a second square opening 834. Each edge of the second square opening 834 is provided with a booster component 6. Each booster component 6 includes a base 61 and two rollers 62 rotatably disposed at both ends of the base 61. The rollers 62 of each set of booster components 6 abut against the support arm wall of the second laser cutting structure 97 to prevent the support arm of the second laser cutting structure 97 from causing rigid impact on the front carriage 53 and improve the longitudinal stability of the rear carriage 83. In addition, when the support arm of the second laser cutting structure 97 moves vertically, the support arm of the second laser cutting structure 97 drives the rollers 62 to rotate, resulting in low friction and preventing the support arm of the second laser cutting structure 97 from scraping against the rear cover plate 831 and the rear tray 832 of the rear carriage 83.

[0041] Preferably, the rear top sealing plate 33 is provided with two longitudinally extending rear guide rails 72, and the rear slide 83 is slidably connected to the rear guide rails 72 by a slider, so that the rear slide 83 moves smoothly and minimizes the load on the second laser cutting structure 97.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for communication; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective structure for a machine tool, wherein the protective structure is installed inside a laser CNC machine tool, characterized in that, The system includes a base plate, a front housing mounted on the base plate, and a rear housing connected to and located behind the front housing. The front housing is located in front of the two columns of the machine tool, and the rear housing is located between the two columns. The front housing, rear housing, base plate, and outer plates enclose a T-shaped machining area. The T-shaped machining area includes a transverse movement area located within the front housing and a longitudinal movement area located within the rear housing. The top of the front housing has a front clearance opening for accommodating the transverse movement of the first laser cutting structure. The first laser cutting structure and the first follower enclosure structure... To facilitate the enclosure of the front clearance opening, the top of the rear housing has a rear clearance opening for accommodating the longitudinal movement of the second laser cutting structure. The second laser cutting structure, in conjunction with the second follow-up enclosure structure, encloses the rear clearance opening. A dust extraction port is provided on the rear housing. The rear housing includes a rear top sealing plate, a rear back sealing plate, an L-shaped left sealing plate, and an L-shaped right sealing plate. The front housing includes a left gap sealing plate connected to the L-shaped left sealing plate, a right gap sealing plate connected to the L-shaped right sealing plate, and a front top sealing shell positioned on top of the left and right gap sealing plates. The front top cover includes a front top plate and a front gap cover. The front top plate has a front notch on its front side. The front gap cover includes two vertically mounted plates on the front top plate and an inclined plate and baffle between the two plates. The inclined plate is located directly above the front notch. The vertical plates, inclined plate, and baffle form a cavity for workers to enter. The first movable enclosure structure includes a first accordion cover, a second accordion cover, and a front slide mounted on the top of the front top cover and movable along the extension direction of the front clearance opening. One end of the front clearance opening is connected to the front... The slide is connected, and the other end of the front clearance opening is connected to the front slide via a second bellows cover. The front slide is provided with a first laser cutting structure passing through a first opening. The second follow-up enclosure structure includes a third bellows cover, a fourth bellows cover, and a rear slide that is located on the top of the rear top cover and can move along the extension direction of the rear clearance opening. One end of the rear clearance opening is connected to the rear slide via the third bellows cover, and the other end of the rear clearance opening is connected to the rear slide via the third bellows cover. The rear slide is provided with a second opening through which the second laser cutting structure passes.

2. The machine tool internal protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front carriage includes a front cover plate and a front tray disposed at the bottom of the front cover plate. The first opening is formed on the front cover plate, and the front tray has a first square opening. Each edge of the first square opening is provided with a booster component. Each booster component includes a base and two rollers that are rotatably disposed at both ends of the base.

3. The machine tool internal protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front top cover is provided with two horizontally extending front guide rails, and the front slide is slidably connected to the front guide rails by a slider.

4. The machine tool internal protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear carriage includes a rear cover plate and a rear tray disposed at the bottom of the rear cover plate. The second opening is opened on the rear cover plate. The rear tray has a second square opening. Each edge of the second square opening is provided with a booster component. Each booster component includes a base and two rollers that are rotatably disposed at both ends of the base.

5. The machine tool internal protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear top cover plate is provided with two longitudinally extending rear guide rails, and the rear slide is slidably connected to the rear guide rails by a slider.

6. The machine tool internal protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A maintenance window is provided on the rear cover plate, and the maintenance window is closed by a window frame and a window cover plate. A handle is provided on the window cover plate.

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