A method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around sound-sensitive areas

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area. The method divides the road around the sound-sensitive area into multiple noise monitoring units, performs noise monitoring in each noise monitoring unit, and obtains the road noise spectrum of each noise monitoring unit. An environmental noise receiving point is set in the sound-sensitive area; a transfer function T is decentralized and an objective function is established. The covariance matrix of the objective function is obtained, and an eigenvalue vector λ is obtained after principal component analysis. The noise impact contribution estimate w of the road is used. t The calculation model is used to calculate the contribution value of each road, so that the noise impact contribution of different roads around a certain sound-sensitive area to a certain location in the area can be evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of noise impact assessment, and in particular relates to a method for assessing the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area. Background Art

[0002] As road traffic continues to increase, the resulting noise problem has also seriously impacted residents along these roads. In urban areas, road noise near sound-sensitive areas, such as residential communities, is particularly harmful to residents. To effectively control road noise, noise monitoring and impact assessments are often conducted in sound-sensitive areas, leading to the development of appropriate noise pollution prevention and control measures.

[0003] Existing technologies for evaluating road noise typically utilize traffic noise prediction models to predict noise at specific points. However, acoustically sensitive areas, such as residential communities, are often affected by traffic noise from multiple roads, and strong correlations exist between different noise sources within a community. Existing technologies cannot quantify the contribution of different noise sources to noise response points, making it impossible to clarify the contribution of each response point, making it difficult to determine appropriate noise reduction measures and clear noise reduction targets.

[0004] Therefore, this field urgently needs to explore a reasonable evaluation method that can minimize information loss while simplifying the analysis indicators, so as to achieve the purpose of comprehensively analyzing the impact of road traffic noise around sound-sensitive areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the technical problem that existing road noise assessment techniques cannot quantify the contributions of multiple road noise sources to noise response points. The present invention provides a method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around sound-sensitive areas, which uses fewer analysis indicators, minimizes information loss, and comprehensively analyzes the impact of individual road traffic noises.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Dividing the road around the acoustically sensitive area into a plurality of noise monitoring units, performing noise monitoring in each noise monitoring unit, and obtaining a road noise spectrum of each noise monitoring unit; setting an environmental noise receiving point in the acoustically sensitive area, and obtaining a noise response value in the acoustically sensitive area;

[0009] (2) Calculate the transfer function T from the noise monitoring unit to the noise response receiving point:

[0010] T=X-1 Y;

[0011] Where Y represents the noise response spectrum of different noise receiving points in the sound-sensitive area, and X represents the noise spectrum monitored by the road noise monitoring unit around the sound-sensitive area;

[0012] (3) Decentralize the transfer function T and establish the objective function, obtain the covariance matrix of the objective function, and obtain the eigenvalue vector λ after principal component analysis, which corresponds to the noise contribution ratio of each noise monitoring unit;

[0013] The following calculation model is used to calculate the estimated value w of the noise impact contribution of a road in a target area: t :

[0014]

[0015] Wherein, a is the total number of noise monitoring units, and b is the number of noise monitoring units on the roads in the target area.

[0016] A road around a sound-sensitive area is divided into multiple noise monitoring units.

[0017] The length of the road within each noise monitoring unit is 50-200 meters.

[0018] A plurality of environmental noise receiving points are arranged in the sound sensitive area.

[0019] The environmental noise receiving points are located at multiple points, and there are multiple environmental noise receiving points distributed in the vertical direction at each point.

[0020] The noise monitoring device in each noise monitoring unit is installed on the shoulder of the road near the sound sensitive area, and is located in the middle of the road in the unit along the length direction.

[0021] The measurement height of the noise monitoring device in each noise monitoring unit is 1.5m.

[0022] Different noise monitoring units and environmental noise receiving points in the sound-sensitive area conduct noise monitoring at the same time.

[0023] In the method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area in this application, in step (3), the transfer function T is decentralized and an objective function is established. The covariance matrix of the objective function is obtained, and the eigenvalue vector λ is obtained through principal component analysis. The specific process is as follows:

[0024] The objective function T can be written as:

[0025]

[0026] Where m represents the number of receiving points, and n represents the number of floors on which the receiving points are located.

[0027] Where T i =(T i1 T i2 … T im ) is a column vector, and m is the sample length.

[0028] This vector mean is expressed as:

[0029]

[0030] Next, the transfer matrix can be centered, and we have:

[0031]

[0032] At this point, after centering the data, we can find the dimension d1 where the distribution is most dispersed. That is, maximize the maximum value of the projection of each vector in the direction d1. That is, maximize the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] The absolute value sign term is squared, and the following formula is maximized:

[0035]

[0036] Therefore, the objective function can be written as:

[0037]

[0038] According to matrix operations, the above formula can be simplified as:

[0039]

[0040] It can be considered that d1 is a quantity that is independent of the transfer matrix, and the above formula can be written as:

[0041]

[0042] That is to solve the objective function.

[0043] Because there are:

[0044]

[0045] So the objective function is finally simplified to:

[0046]

[0047] at this time, Assume that TT is a quadratic function. TThe eigenvalue of is λ and the eigenvector is ξ.

[0048] According to matrix algebra, it can be proved that this is a quadratic form of a semi-positive two-matrix, and there is a maximum value, so we need to find the maximum value and the direction d1 at this time.

[0049]

[0050] for The covariance matrix of , this solution process generally uses singular value decomposition (SVD) to find the maximum direction, that is, the eigenvalue λ and eigenvector ξ.

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Therefore, S is the eigenvalue matrix and V is the eigenvector matrix. Arrange the eigenvalues ​​in descending order, and give the corresponding eigenvectors. Select several principal components, calculate the projection matrix, and calculate the reduced dimensionality data based on the projection matrix.

[0055] The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area described in the present invention can be used to evaluate the noise contribution of different roads around a sound-sensitive area to a certain location within the area. This provides a basis for noise prevention and control. Through the present invention, the noise contribution of different road sections to a certain sound-sensitive area and the corresponding spectral characteristics can be obtained more accurately. Therefore, when formulating noise reduction measures for a sound-sensitive area, different locations in the area need to formulate different noise reduction plans based on the noise contribution of different road sections and the corresponding noise characteristics, so as to optimize the overall acoustic environment quality of the area. As a preferred embodiment, a road around the sound-sensitive area can be divided into multiple noise monitoring units. According to actual conditions, the road length in each noise monitoring unit is set to 50-200 meters. This length setting ensures the accuracy of the evaluation results while meeting the convenience of measurement.

[0056] In order to make the technical solution of the method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area described in the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] like Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the division of road noise units around a community in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0059] (1) Divide a road around a sound-sensitive area into multiple noise monitoring units, perform noise monitoring in each noise monitoring unit, and obtain a road noise spectrum of each noise monitoring unit. As a preferred embodiment, a road around the sound-sensitive area is divided into multiple noise monitoring units; an environmental noise receiving point is set in the sound-sensitive area, and a noise response value in the sound-sensitive area is obtained; different noise monitoring units and environmental noise receiving points in the sound-sensitive area perform noise monitoring at the same time.

[0060] (2) Calculate the transfer function T from the noise monitoring unit to the noise response receiving point:

[0061] T=X -1 Y;

[0062] Where Y represents the noise response spectrum of different noise receiving points in the sound-sensitive area, and X represents the noise spectrum monitored by the road noise monitoring unit around the sound-sensitive area;

[0063] (3) Decentralize the transfer function T and establish the objective function, obtain the covariance matrix of the objective function, and obtain the eigenvalue vector λ after principal component analysis, which corresponds to the noise contribution ratio of each noise monitoring unit;

[0064] The following calculation model is used to calculate the estimated value w of the noise impact contribution of a road in a target area: t :

[0065]

[0066] Wherein, a is the total number of noise monitoring units, and b is the number of noise monitoring units on the roads in the target area.

[0067] The noise monitoring device within each noise monitoring unit is installed on the shoulder of the road near the sound-sensitive area, located in the middle of the road within the unit along its length. The measurement height of the noise monitoring device within each noise monitoring unit is 1.5 meters. The road length within each noise monitoring unit ranges from 50 to 200 meters.

[0068] This embodiment uses a certain community as an example to explain the above method in detail. The specific steps of the method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around the community are as follows:

[0069] (1) Based on the boundary of the community, the roads around the community are divided into 15 noise monitoring units E1-E12 according to the monitoring location. The road noise spectrum of each noise monitoring unit is monitored. The specific division is as follows: Figure 1As shown. In the figure, buildings 6#, 8# and 11# are the three buildings closest to the west highway. They serve as environmental noise receiving points, namely the first receiving point, the second receiving point and the third receiving point, to monitor the noise response values ​​of different floors of buildings 6#, 8# and 11#. The monitored road noise spectrum is then used as the basis for calculation. The A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level (Leq(A)) of the noise unit monitoring results of the roads around the community in this embodiment is shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0070] Table 1 Monitoring results of road noise units on the west side of the community during the day (dB)

[0071] frequency E1 E12 E13 E14 E15 12.5 63.94 65.34 63.37 65.01 63.94 16 65.54 66.12 64.97 65.79 65.54 20 65.22 65.72 64.65 65.39 65.22 25 66.17 66.82 65.6 66.49 66.17 31.5 64.7 65.55 64.13 65.22 64.7 40 66.67 68.68 66.1 68.35 66.67 50 67.25 68.04 66.68 67.71 67.25 63 68.17 68.45 67.6 68.12 68.17 80 63.56 63.79 62.99 63.46 63.56 100 61.1 61.97 60.53 61.64 61.1 125 61.3 62.13 60.73 61.8 61.3 160 60.66 61.51 60.09 61.18 60.66 200 60.45 61.41 59.88 61.08 60.45 250 60.46 61.3 59.89 60.97 60.46 315 58.8 59.94 58.23 59.61 58.8 400 58.81 57.18 58.24 56.85 58.81 500 60.32 57.27 59.75 56.94 60.32 630 62.45 62.57 61.88 62.24 62.45 800 63.76 66.05 63.19 65.72 63.76 1000 63.37 64.55 62.8 64.22 63.37 1250 60.6 60.89 60.03 60.56 60.6 1600 58.2 60.7 57.63 60.37 58.2 2000 55.1 56.79 54.53 56.46 55.1 2500 51.8 53.77 51.23 53.44 51.8 3150 48.72 49.26 48.15 48.93 48.72 4000 43.82 44.43 43.25 44.1 43.82 5000 38.87 40.51 38.3 40.18 38.87 6300 33.32 36.02 32.75 35.69 33.32 8000 26.77 30.18 26.2 29.85 26.77 10000 20.21 23.61 19.64 23.28 20.21 12500 15.26 17.07 14.69 16.74 15.26 16000 11.44 12.18 10.87 11.85 11.44 LAeq 69.78 70.95 69.21 70.62 69.78 LA90 67.99 68.7 67.42 68.37 67.99

[0072] Table 2 Monitoring results of other road noise units around the community during the day (dB)

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] (2) Calculate the transfer function T from the noise monitoring unit to the noise response receiving point:

[0076] The noise response spectrum Y can be written as:

[0077]

[0078] R1, R2, and R3 represent the noise response spectra received by the first, second, and third receiving points in the acoustic sensitive area;

[0079] R x =(r1 r2 … r y ) T , r x Represents the noise response spectrum detected at different floors of each receiving point; in this embodiment, the floor heights of each receiving point are equal, and buildings 6#, 8# and 11# all have 28 floors, so y=28.

[0080] In this implementation, due to the need to enter the house, it was not possible to measure all floors. The measurement results are as follows:

[0081] Building 11, test floors include: 29th, 28th, 26th, 25th, 24th, 23rd, 18th, 17th, 16th, 15th, 13th, 8th, 7th, 3rd, and 1st. The test location is the living room balcony of a certain apartment facing the west highway.

[0082] Building 8, test floors include: 25th, 23rd, 18th, and 16th. The test location is the living room balcony of a certain apartment facing the west highway.

[0083] Building 6, test floors include: 29th, 27th, 19th, 18th, 17th, 15th, 14th, 13th, 11th, 9th, 8th, 5th, 4th, 3rd, 2nd, 1st. The test location is the living room balcony of a certain apartment facing the west highway.

[0084] T=X -1 Y

[0085] According to the method described in the invention, the transfer function T is decentralized and the objective function is established. The covariance matrix of the objective function is obtained, and the eigenvalue vector λ is obtained after principal component analysis, which corresponds to the noise contribution ratio of each noise monitoring unit.

[0086] The noise contribution of the road is estimated using the following calculation model: t :

[0087]

[0088] In this implementation, the noise contribution from the highway west of the community is:

[0089]

[0090] Similarly, the contribution value of the north avenue is:

[0091]

[0092] The contribution value of the east side road is:

[0093]

[0094] The contribution value of the south road is:

[0095]

[0096] Finally, based on the results, we obtained the values ​​of noise contribution from different directions around the community on different floors of buildings 6#, 8# and 11#. The results are shown in Tables 3, 4 and 5.

[0097] Table 3 The values ​​of noise contribution from different directions around the community on different floors of Building 6#

[0098]

[0099] Table 4 The values ​​of noise contribution from different directions around the community on different floors of Building 8#

[0100]

[0101] Table 5 The values ​​of noise contribution from different directions around the community on different floors of Building 11#

[0102]

[0103] By analyzing the contribution of community roads to the noise impact of a certain location, we can provide a basis for noise prevention and control and formulate more effective noise prevention and control measures.

[0104] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention's patent should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Divide the road around the sound-sensitive area into multiple noise monitoring units, perform noise monitoring in each noise monitoring unit, and obtain the road noise spectrum of each noise monitoring unit. Set an environmental noise receiving point in the sound-sensitive area and obtain the noise response value in the sound-sensitive area; (2) Calculate the transfer function T from the noise monitoring unit to the ambient noise receiving point: in, Y Represents the noise response spectrum of different ambient noise receiving points within the sound sensitive area, X Indicates the noise spectrum monitored by the road noise monitoring unit around the sound sensitive area; (3) Decentralize the transfer function T and establish the objective function. Calculate the covariance matrix of the objective function and obtain the eigenvalue vector λ after principal component analysis, which corresponds to the noise contribution ratio of each noise monitoring unit. The following calculation model is used to calculate the estimated value of the noise impact contribution of a road in a target area: 𝑡 : ； Wherein, a is the total number of noise monitoring units, and b is the number of noise monitoring units on the roads in the target area.

2. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A road around a sound-sensitive area is divided into multiple noise monitoring units.

3. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to claim 2, wherein: The length of the road within each noise monitoring unit is 50-200 meters.

4. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of environmental noise receiving points are arranged in the sound sensitive area.

5. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The environmental noise receiving points are located at multiple points, and there are multiple environmental noise receiving points distributed in the vertical direction at each point.

6. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The noise monitoring device in each noise monitoring unit is installed on the shoulder of the road on the side close to the sound sensitive area, and is located in the middle of the road in the unit along the length direction.

7. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measurement height of the noise monitoring device in each noise monitoring unit is 1.5m.

8. The method for evaluating the impact of road traffic noise around a sound-sensitive area according to claim 7, characterized in that: Different noise monitoring units and environmental noise receiving points in the sound-sensitive area conduct noise monitoring at the same time.

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